复旦研究生综合英语1-Unit8

U8AdditionallnformationfortheTeacher’sReferenceTextTheBusinessWorldasaHuntingGroundWarm-upActivitiesFurtherReadingSpeakingSkillsAdditionalWorkWarm-upActivitiesWarm-up

1.Howdoyouunderstandthetitleofthetext?2.Whatdoyouthinkisthemostimportantthinginawoman’slife?3.Whatkindofwomandoyouthinkasuccessfulmanusuallymarries?

EstherVi1arwasbornofGermanparentsin1935inBuenosAiresandwaseducatedattheUniversityofBuenosAires.AftermovingtoMunich,shepracticedasaphysicianandnowworksasafree-lancewriter.ThisselectionfromTheManipulatedManhasasitsthesisthatmenfromearliestchildhoodaremanipulatedbywomen,firstbytheirmothers,thenbytheirwives.Vi1arclaimsthatonlywomencanbreakthisviciouscycleofexploitation.Buttheywillnotbreakit,fortheyhavenorationalreasonfordoingso.Thus,theworldwillcontinuetosinkintoabarbaric,andfeeblemindedmorassoffemininity.Offices,factories,anduniversitiesareviewedashuntinggroundsbypredatorywomenlookingformale“slaves”.

AIFTTR1AdditionallnformationfortheTeacher’sReference1.EstherVilarAIFTTR2.12.TheSecondWorldWarItwasaconflictthatinvolvedvirtuallyeverypartoftheworldduringtheyear1939-1945.TheprincipalbelligerentsweretheAxispowers—Germany,Italy,andJapanandtheAllies—France,GreatBritain,theUnitedStates,theSovietUnion,and,toalesserextent,China.Thewarwasinmanyrespectsacontinuation,afteranuneasy20-yearhiatus,ofthedisputesleftunsettledbyWorldWarI.GermanbitternessovertheirdefeatinWorldWarIandtheharshtermsoftheTreatyofVersailles,togetherwiththesocialunrestandpoliticalinstabilitythatbesettheWeimarRepublic,resultedinthecomingtopowerofAdolfHitler,leaderoftheAIFTTR2.2intenselynationalisticandanti-SemiticNationalSocialist(Nazi)Party.Givendictatorialpowersin1933,HitlerbeganthesecretrearmamentofGermanyalmostimmediately.PlayingonthereluctanceofotherEuropeanpowerstoactivelyopposehim,heorderedthemilitaryoccupationoftheRhineland,incontraventionoftheTreatyofVersailles,inMarch1936.LaterthatyearBenitoMussolini,thefascistdictatorofItaly,whohadalreadyembarkedonaggressioninEthiopia,declaredaRome-BerlinAxis;thenextyearItalyjoinedthe1936Anti-CominternPactbetweenGermanyandJapan.GermanyandItalybothintervened,inthenameofanticommunism,intheSpanishCivilWarfrom1936.InMarch1938HitlersentGermantroopstooccupyAustria,whichwaspromptlyincorporatedintoGermany.AIFTTR2.3ByacombinationofexternalandinternalpressureshesucceededinannexingorneutralizingallofwhathadbeenCzechoslovakiabyMarch1939.InApril1939ItalyannexedAlbania.OnSeptember,securebehindthenewGerman-SovietNonaggressionPactthathadstunnedtheworldinAugust,HitlerbegananinvasionofPoland.GreatBritainandFrancedeclaredwaronGermanytwodayslater.Bytheendof1939GermanyandtheSovietUnionhaddividedPolandbetweenthemselves,andtheSovietshadoccupiedEstonia,Latvia,andLithuaniaandhadattackedFinland,whichtheyfinallydefeatedinMarch1940.ForsomemonthsGermany’smainactivitieswereatsea,includinganeffectivesubmarinecampaignagainstmerchantAIFTTR2.4shippingboundforBritain.InApril1940GermanyoccupiedseveralNorwegianportsandallofDenmark.OnMay10themajorGermanoffensiveinthewestbeganwithalightningweepthroughtheNetherlandsandBelgiumintoFrance;byJune22three-fifthsofFrance,includingParis,wasoccupied,andtheresthadbecomeaneutralstatewithitsgovernmentatVichy.DuringAugust-SeptembertheGermanLuftwaffe(AirForce)launchedmassivebombingraidsonGreatBritaininanattempttosoftenitupforacross-Channelinvasion.TheBattleofBritainwaswonbytheRoyalAirForce,however,andHitlerpostponedtheinvasionindefinitely.FollowingItaly’sabortiveinvasionofGreeceinNovember1940,HitlerdrewHungary,Romania,andSlovakiaintotheAxis;AIFTTR2.5BulgariajoinedinMarch1941.InAprilGermanyattackedYugoslaviaandGreece,bothofwhichwereoverrunbytheendofthemonth.InJuneHitlerabandonedtheNonaggressionPactof1939andlaunchedamassivesurpriseinvasionoftheSovietUnion.GermanarmouredunitsdrovedeepintoSovietterritoryandatonepointreachedtheoutskirtsofMoscowbeforeSovietcounterattacksandwinterweatherslowedtheoffensivetoahalt.Japan,theotherAxismember,hadmeanwhilebeentiringofitslong,unproductivewarinChinaanddecidedtotakeadvantageofthesituationinEuropetoseizeEuropeancolonialholdingsintheFarEast.TocripplewhatitforesawwouldbeitsmainopponentinaPacificwarofaggrandizement,JapanattackedUnitedStatesinstallationsatPearlHarbor,Hawaii,andAIFTTR2.6thePhilippinesonDec.7-8,1941.WithindaystheUnitedStateswasatwarwithalltheAxispowers.JapanswiftlyinvadedandoccupiedthePhilippines,mostofSoutheastAsiaandBurma(Myanmar),theNetherlandsEastIndies(nowIndonesia),andmanyPacificOceanislands.Despitetheenormousinitialadvantagegainedbyitssuddenoffensives,JapanlostthecrucialseabattleofMidwayinJune1942.TheAmericanstrategyinthePacificwastousenavalandamphibiousforcestoadvanceupthechainsofislandstowardJapanwhilesmallerlandforcescooperatedwithChineseandBritisheffortsontheAsianmainland.AIFTTR2.7InNorthAfricatheBritish,whoin1940-1941haddefeatedmuchlargerItalianforces,werelockedinaseesawbattlewiththeGermNovember1942thefirstAlliedoffensivebeganwithU.S.andBritishlandingsinNorthAfrica.GermanforcesweregraduallysqueezedintoTunisiaandwerefinallyeliminatedinMay1943.InJulyAlliedtroopsfromNorthAfricalandedinSicilyandthenceinvadedItalyinSeptember.Thefascistgovernmentwasoverthrown,andinOctober,ItalyjoinedtheAllies;fightingagainstGermantroopscontinuedinItalyfortherestofthewar.AfterabitterlyopposedandfinallyunsuccessfulattackonStalingrad(August1942—February1943),GermanforcesintheSovietUnionlostmomentum,and,astheRedArmycontinuedtoAIFTTR2.8drawonitshugemanpowerreserves,itbeganduring1943topushtheGermansbackfromthewesternportionoftheSovietUnion.GermanywasmeanwhilepreparingforanexpectedAlliedinvasionofwesternEurope.TheinvasioncameonJune6,1944D-DayonthebeachesofNormandyinnorthernFrance,where156,000British,Canadian,andU.S.troopsunderthecommandoftheU.S.generalDwightD.Eisenhowerwerelanded.WithcommandoftheairtheAlliesquicklyconsolidatedtheirfootholdandbegantheadvanceeastwardthatendedintheoccupationoftheGermanhomelandinMarch—April1945.Meanwhile,theSovietforcesin1944hadpushedtheGermanscompletelyoutoftheSovietUnionandhadadvancedintoPoland,Czechoslovakia,Hungary,andRomania.Inearly1945theyoccupiedtheeasternAIFTTR2.9one-thirdofGermany.AttheclimaxoftheGermancollapse,withBerlinencircledbySoviettroops,HitlercommittedsuicideonApril30;onMay8thesurrenderofallGermanforceswassigned.InthePacificthe“island-hopping”strategyoftheU.S.generalDouglasMacArthurledtotheAlliedinvasionofthePhilippinesbyOctober1944.ThenavalbattleinLeyteGulfthatfollowedallbuteliminatedtheJapanesenavy.Thecapture,afterbitterfighting,oftheislandsofIwoJimaandOkinawainMarchandJuneof1945openedthewayforboththeheavystrategicbombingofJapanitselfandapossibleinvasion.ThewarinthePacificcametoasuddenanddramaticcloseaftertheatomicbombingofHiroshimaandNagasakionAugust6and9,1949;Japan’sformalsurrenderwassignedonSeptember2.TextTheBusinessWorldasaHuntingGroundNotesIntroductiontotheAuthorandtheArticlePhrasesandExpressionsExercisesMainideaoftheTextMIOTT1MainideaoftheText

Inthetext,EstherVilardescribeshowmen,beforeandaftertheirmarriage,aremanipulatedbywomen,firstbytheirfemalecolleagues,thenbytheirwives.Sheclaimsthatwomenhaveacommonproclivitytotheexploitationofmen.Theyregardthebusinessworldasahuntinggroundwheretheycancaptureprospectivebreadwinnersastheirfuturehusbandssothattheycanbeprovidedforwithoutexertingthemselves.Thisevilintentioniswelldisplayedinofficesandfactorieswherewomenmerelyservetofalsifystatisticswithnosenseofcommitment,andincollegesanduniversitieswheretheyjustmarktimewithoutrealpursuitofknowledge.Vilarclaimsthatonlywomencanbreakthisviciouscycleofexploitation.MIOTT2Buttheywillnotbreakit,fortheyhavenorationalreasonfordoingso.Thus,theworldwillcontinuetosinkintoabarbaricandfeeblemindedmorassoffemininity.Offices,factories,anduniversitieswillcontinuetobeviewedashuntinggroundsbypredatorywomenlookingformale“slaves”.

EstherVilar(1935-)wasbornofGermanparentsin1935inBuenosAiresandwaseducatedattheUniversityofBuenosAires.AftermovingtoMunich,shepracticedasaphysicianandnowworksasafreelancewriter.ThisselectionischosenfromTheManipulatedManwhichhasasitsthesisthatmenfromearliestchildhoodaremanipulatedbywomen,firstbytheirmothers,thenbytheirwives.Vilarclaimsthatonlywomencanbreakthisviciouscycleofexploitation.Buttheywillnotbreakit,fortheyhavenorationalreasonfordoingso.Thus,theworldwillcontinuetosinkintoabarbaric,andfeeblemindedmorassoffemininity.Offices,factories,anduniversitiesareviewedashuntinggroundsbypredatorywomenlookingformale“slaves”.IntroductiontotheAuthorandthearticleIntroductiontotheAuthorandtheArticlePart2_T1

Therearemanywomenwhotaketheirplaceintheworkingworldoftoday.Secretariesandshopassistants,factoryworkersandstewardesses—nottomentionthosecountlessheartyyoungwomenwhopopulatethecollegesanduniversitiesinever-increasingnumbers.Onemightevengettheimpressionthatwoman’snaturehadundergoneEstherVilarTheBusinessasaHuntingGroundTextaradicalchangeinthelasttwentyyears.Today’syoungwomenappeartobelessunfairthantheirmothers.Theyseemtohavedecided—perhapsoutofpityfortheirvictims—nottoexploitmenanymore,buttobecome,intruth,theirpartners.Theimpressionisdeceptive.Theonlytrulyimportantactinanywoman’slifeistheselectionoftherightpartner.Inanyotherchoiceshecanaffordtomakeamistake.Consequently,shewilllookforamanwhereheworksorstudiesandwhereshecanbestobserveandjudgethenecessarymasculinequalitiesshevalues.Offices,factories,colleges,anduniversitiesare,toher,nothingbutgiganticmarriagemarkets.Part2_T2Part2_T3Theparticularfieldchosenbyanyyoungwomanasahuntinggroundwilldependtoalargeextentonthelevelofincomeofthemanwhohaspreviouslybeenherslave,inotherwords,herfather.Thedaughtersofmenintheupperincomebracketswillchoosecollegesoruniversities.Theseofferthebestchancesofcapturingamanwhowillearnenoughtomaintainthestandardsshehasalreadyacquired.Besides,aperiodofstudyforform’ssakeismuchmoreconvenientthanatemporaryemployment.Girlsfromless-well-offhomeswillhavetogointofactories,shops,offices,orhospitalsforatime—butagainwiththesamepurposeinmind.Noneofthemintendtostayinthesejobsforlong.Theywillcontinueonlyuntilmarriage—or,incasesofhardship,tillpregnancy.ThisPart2_T4offerswomanoneimportantadvantage,anywomanwhomarriesnowadayshasgivenupherstudiesorherjob“forthesakeofthemanofherchoice”—and“sacrifices”ofthisnaturecreateobligations.Therefore,whenwomenworkandstudy,itmerelyservestofalsifystatisticsandfurthermoretoenslavemenmorehopelesslythanever,becauseeducationandtheprofessionsmeansomethingverydifferentwhenappliedtowomenasopposedtomen.Whenamanworksitisamatteroflifeanddeath,and,asarule,thefirstyearsofhislifearedecisive.Anymanoftwenty-fivewhoisnotwellonhiswayuptheladder

canbePart2_T5considered,toall

intents

and

purposes,ahopelesscase.Atthisstage,allhisfacultiesarebeingdeveloped,andthefightwithhiscompetitorsisafighttothedeath.Behindamaskofbusinessfriendship,heisconstantlyonthewatchforanysignofsuperiorityinoneofhisassociates,andhewillnoteitsappearancewithanxiety.Ifthissameassociateshowssignsofweaknessorindecision,itmustbetakenadvantageofatonce.Yetmanisonlyatinycoginagiganticbusinessmachine,hehimselfbeingineffectexploitedat

every

turn.Whenhedrivesothers,hedriveshimselfmostofall.Hisordersarereallyordersfromabove,passedonbyhim.Ifthemenatthetopoccasionallytaketimetopraisehim,itisnotinordertoPart2_T6makehimhappy;itisonlytospurhimon,tostimulatehimtogreatereffort.Forman,whowasbroughtuptobeproudandhonorable,everyworkingdayismerelyanendlessseriesofhumiliations.Heshowsenthusiasmforproductshefindsuseless,helaughsatjokeshefindstasteless,heexpressesopinionswhicharenothisown.Notforamomentisheallowedtoforgetthatthemerestoversightmaymeandemotion,thatoneslipofthetonguemayspelltheendofhiscareer.Yetwoman,whoistheprimecauseofallthesestruggles,andunderwhoseveryeyesthesefightstakeplace,juststandsasideandwatches.Goingtoworkmeanstoherflirtinganddates,teasingandbanter,withtheoddbitof“labor”doneforthesakeofappearances—workforwhich,asarule,shehasnoresponsibility.Sheknowsthatsheisonlymarking

time,andevenifshedoeshavetogoonworkingforonereasonoranother,atleastshehashadyearsofpleasantdreams.Shewatchesmen'sbattlesfromasafedistance,occasionallyapplaudingoneofthecontestants,encouragingorscolding,andwhileshemakestheircoffee,openstheirmail,orlistenstotheirtelephoneconversations,sheiscold-bloodedlytakingherpick.Themomentshehasfound“Mr.Right,”sheretiresgracefully,leavingthefieldopentohersuccessor.Thesameappliestouniversityeducation.Americancollegesadmitmoreandmorewomen,butthepercentagewhoactuallycompletetheircoursesislessthanbeforetheSecondPart2_T7Part2_T8WorldWar.Theysithappilyinlecturesdesigningtheirspringwardrobeandbetweenclassesflirtwiththeboys.Withtheirscarletnailscarefullyprotectedbytransparentrubbergloves,

theyplayaroundwithcorpsesinthedissectingrooms,whiletheirmalecolleaguesrealizetheirwholefutureisat

stake.Ifawomanleavestheuniversitywithanengagementringonherfinger,shehasearnedherdegree;manhashardlybegunwhenheobtainshisdiploma.Degreesare,afterall,easytocome

by—youhaveonlytomemorize.Howmanyexaminerscantellthedifferencebetweenrealknowledgeandbluff?Man,however,hastounderstandhissubjectaswell.Hislatersuccesswilldependonwhetherhisknowledgeiswell-founded;hislaterprestigewillbebuiltonthis,andoftenotherpeople’slivesaredependentonit.Noneofthesebattlesexistsforwoman.Ifshebreaks

offherstudiesandmarriesauniversitylecturer,shehasachievedthesamelevelashehaswithoutexerting

herself.Asthewifeofafactoryownersheistreatedwithgreaterrespectthanheis(andnotassomebodywhoatbestwouldbeemployableontheassemblylineinthesamefactory).Asawifeshealwayshasthesamestandardoflivingandsocialprestigeandhastodonothingtomaintainthem—ashedoes.Forthisreasonthequickestwaytosucceedisalwaystomarryasuccessfulman.Shedoesnotwinhimbyherindustry,ambition,orperseverance—butsimplythroughanattractiveappearance.Part2_T9Part2_T10

Wehavealreadyseenwhatdemandsthewell-trainedman

makesonawoman’sappearance.Thebestwomentrainers—withouttheleasteffort—catchthemostsuccessfulfightersamongmen.Theso-called“beautiful”womenareusuallythosewhohavehadaneasylifefromtheirchildhooddaysandthereforehavelessreasonthanotherstodeveloptheirintellectualgifts(intelligenceisdevelopedonlythroughcompetition);itfollowsasalogicalconsequencethatverysuccessfulmenusuallyhaveabysmallystupidwives(unless,ofcourse,oneconsiderswoman’sskillattransformingherselfintobaitformanafeatofintelligence).Ithasalmostbecomeacommonplacethatareallysuccessfulman,beheacompanydirector,financier,shippingmagnate,ororchestraconductor,will,whenhereachesthezenithofhiscareer,marryabeautifulmodelusuallyhissecondorthirdwife.Menwhohaveinheritedmoneyoftentakesuchasupergirlastheirfirstwifealthoughshewillbeexchangedovertheyearsforanother.Yet,asarule,modelsarewomenoflittleeducationwhohavenotevenfinishedschoolandwhohavenothingtodountiltheymarrybutlookbeautifulandposebecominglyinfrontofacamera.Buttheyare“beautiful”—andthatmakesthempotentiallyrich.Part2_T11Part2_T12Assoonasawomanhascaughtherman,she“givesuphercareerforlove”—or,atleast,thatiswhatshewilltellhim.Afterall,hecouldhardlybeflatteredbythethoughtthatshehadbeensavedinthenickoftimefromhavingtosweatherwaythroughexaminations.

Hewouldmuchrathergetdrunkontheideaofthelove“thatknowsnocompromise,”whichthiswomanpretendstofeelforhim.Whoknows,hethinks,shemighthavebecomeafamoussurgeon(celebratedprimaballerina,brilliantjournalist),andshehasgivenitallupforhim.Hewouldneverbelievethatshepreferredtobethewifeofafamoussurgeon,tohavehisincomeandprestigewithouthavingeithertheworkortheresponsibility.Therefore,heresolvestomakeherlifeathissideascomfortableaspossibletocompensateforhergreatsacrifice.

Part2_T13Asmallpercentage(tentotwentypercent)ofwomenstudentsinindustrialcountriesoftheWestdo,infact,obtaintheirdegreesbeforetheygetmarried.Despiteoccasionalexceptions,theyare,asarule,lessattractiveandhavefailedtocatchasuitableproviderwhilestillinschool.Butthen,thisdegreewillautomaticallyraisetheirmarketvalue,fortherearecertaintypesofmenwhofeelbolsterediftheirwifehasadegree—providingtheyhaveonethemselves.Itisclearevidenceofhisownclevernessifsuchahighlyeducatedwomanisinterestedinhim.Ifbychancethisfemalemastermindhappenstobesexy,hewillbebesidehimselfwithjoy.Part2_T14Butnotforlong.Evenwomendoctors,womensociologists,andwomenlawyers“sacrifice”theircareersfortheirmen,oratleastsetthemaside.Theywithdrawintosuburbanranchhouses,havechildren,plantflowerbedsandfilltheirhomeswiththeusualtrash.Withinafewyearsthesenewentertainmentsobliteratethesmallamountof“expertknowledge,”learnedbyrote,ofcourse,andtheybecomeexactlyliketheirfemaleneighbors.slipofthetongue:anerrorofspeechatinycoginagiganticbusinessmachine:apersonwhoplaysasmallpartinalargeorganizationhiswayuptheladder:keepingimprovinghispositionNotesPart2_TA_Notestoallintents(andpurposes):withregardtoallthemainoressentialpoints;almostcompletelyasopposedto:incontrasttoateveryturn:everywhereoratallthetimemaketime:(fig.)gothroughmotionswithoutaccomplishinganythingatstake:atrisk;dependentonwhathappens;abletobechangedorlostcomeby:obtainbreaksth.off:endsth.suddenly;discontinuesth.PhrasesandExpressionsPart2_TA_PhrasesandExpressions1Part2_TA_PhrasesandExpressions2exertoneself:makeaneffortinthenickoftime:onlyjustintime;atthelastmomentPhrasesandExpressions

职场犹如猎偶战场埃丝特·维勒Part2_TA_t1许多女人在如今的工作场所都占有一席之地：有的当秘书，有的当售货员，有的当工人，有的当服务员——更不用说，那些生活在大学校园里的无数热情洋溢的年轻女子了，她们的数量在不断增加。你也许会获得这样的印象：20年来，女人的本性已发生了巨大的变化。如今的年轻女子和他们的母亲相比似乎更讲公平了。她们似乎已决定不再利用男人，而是真心成为他们的伴侣——也许是出于对受害男人的一片怜悯之心吧。这种印象是靠不住的。任何女人唯一的终身大事，不过是选择一位称心如意的伴侣，而她在其他方面即使选择失误也能承担得起。于是，她要在男人工作或学习的场所找个丈夫。在这种地方，她可以仔细观察和判断她所注重的男人必备的那些品质。对她来说，机关、工厂和大学不过是个巨大的婚姻市场而已。TranslationofTextPart2_TA_t2年轻女子选择某一领域作为猎偶场所时，在很大程度上取决于曾是她奴隶的那个男人，即她父亲的收入标准。高薪阶层男人的千金小姐会选择高等院校。这种地方提供了最好的机会，能让她们捕获到赚大钱的男人，从而维持她们曾经享受过的那种生活标准。况且，在校读一阵子书走走形式，要比临时就业省力得多。家庭不太富裕的女孩们只好到工厂、商店、公司或医院去打工——但还是抱着同样的目的。没有一个人打算长久守着那份工作。他们只是工作到结婚为止——即使生活贫困，也只是工作到怀孕为止。这就给女人提供了一个重要的有利地位：如今结了婚的妇女“为了自己所选择的丈夫”放弃学业或工作——这种“牺牲”就导致了丈夫的义务。所以，女人工作和学习时，只是起个滥芋充数的作用而己，而且比以往更加拼命地奴役男人，因为教育和职业对于男人和女人来说，意义截然不同。工作对于男人来说，生死攸关。通常说来，他涉世的最初几年具有决定意义。任何男人活到25岁，如果事业尚未有成，别人几乎都会认Part2_TA_t3为他没有希望了。在这个阶段，他的各种能力还正在发展之中，他与竞争对手的较量是一场殊死搏斗。在工作友情的面具下，他时刻注视着某个同事可能会显示出优势的迹象，一旦出现这种迹象，他就会焦虑不安。如果这个同事显示出软弱或优柔寡断的迹象，他会立刻加以利用。然而，男人只不过是一台巨大工作机器上的一个小齿轮，他自己其实是处处在受剥削。他在驱使别人的同时，更是在驱使自己。他的命令实际上来自上司，由他传达而已。即使上司偶尔才发冗夸他一番，也并非为了让他高兴，而是鞭策他、激发他更加卖力而已。对于从小养成自傲并受人尊敬的男人来说，每天上班都意味着要不断蒙受无休止的耻辱。明知产品无用，他却显得饶有兴致；明知笑话无聊，他却忍俊不禁；明明并非己见，他却要表达一番。他时刻不能忘记：稍有疏忽就可能意味着降职，稍有口误就可能丢了饭碗。然而女人，她们是所有这些较量的根本原因，而且较量就在她们眼皮底下进行，而她们却袖手旁观。女人上班意味着调情、约会、挑逗和嬉闹，干点少量杂“活儿”只是做做样子而已——工作通常无需她们负责。Part2_TA_t4她知道自己不过是在打发时间，即使由于这样或那样的原因，她不得不继续工作下去，至少她已经做了多年的美梦。她站在一个安全的地方，观看男人们角斗，时而为其中一位斗士喝彩，或是鼓励他或是矣落他。在为男人们冲咖啡、拆邮件或者听他们打电话的时候，她不露声色地挑选自己的意中人。一旦发现“如意郎君”，她便欣然隐退，将战场留给后来者。大学里的情况也是这样。美国的高等院校招收的女生越来越多，但是真正能够完成学业的还不如二战以前那么多。课堂上，她们愉快地坐在那里，为自己设计春天的衣装；在课余，她们与男生打情骂俏。她们在解剖室里摆弄尸体的时候，总是戴着一双透明的橡胶手套，小心翼翼地保护着那鲜红的指甲，而她们的男同学却认识到，自己的整个未来吉凶未卡。假如一个女人戴着订婚指环离开校门的话，等于她已经拿到了学位，而男人拿到毕业文凭的时候，只能算是刚刚起步。学位毕竟唾手可得——你只需死记硬背。有多少考官能够分辨得清，什么是真才实学，什么是蒙混过关？然而，男人还得要懂自己的专业。他以后能否成功，取决于基础知识是否扎实；他将来的名望就寄托于此，而且其他人也经常依靠这个过日子。女人无须如此拼搏。如果她中止学业，嫁给一位大学教师，无须努力就已经取得和他同样的水平。作为工厂老板的太太，她会比自己的丈夫更受人尊敬（而没有这种身份的人，充其量只能受聘于这家工厂的装配线上）。作为妻子，她始终享有与丈夫同样的生活标准和社会地位。她不必做任何事情，就可以拥有这些东西。正因为如此，成功的捷径就是嫁给一个成功的男人。赢得这样的男人，她无须通过勤勉、抱负或毅力——只要有这人的外表就行。

我们都已知道，训练有素的男人对女人的相貌有什么样的要求。最出色的女教官轻而易举就可俘获男性中最成功的斗士。所谓的“漂亮”女人，通常自童年时代就过着安逸的生活。因此，她们用不着像别人那样去开发智力。（智力的开发只有通过竞争。）由此可以得出合乎逻辑的结论：非常成功的男人往往娶的是极其愚蠢的妻子（当然，除非你把女人勾引男人的本事视为聪明才智的表现）。一个真正成功的男人，无论是公司经理还是金融家，无论是船运大亨还是管弦乐队指挥，其事业登峰造极之时，都会娶一个漂亮的模特Part2_TA_t4Part2_TA_t4儿作为自己的第二或第二任夫人。这种事情如今已司空见惯。通过继承获得钱财的男人，经常会把这种超级女郎娶作第一任夫人——尽管几年之后她会被另一位超级女郎所取代。然而，一般说来，凡是当模特儿的，都是一些受教育不多的女人，甚至连中小学都没有上完。而且，在结婚之前，她们除了长得漂亮，能在镜头前摆姿势之外，什么事情都不做。但是，她们长得“漂亮”——这就是她们致富的潜在资本。女人一旦捕获到自己的男人，便会“为了爱情而放弃事业”——或者，至少她会对男人如是说。毕竟，他并不只是满足这样的想法：在一发千钧之时，是他解救了她，从而使她避免了考试的煎熬之苦。他更会陶醉于爱情是“无法折中”的想法，而这种想法却是女人为男人假装表白的。他常常这样想，天晓得，或许她本来可以成为一位著名的外科医生（或是著名的芭蕾领舞，或是出色的新闻记者），而她却为他放弃了一切。他永远不会想到，她更愿意做一个著名外科医生的妻子，有他的那样的收入和地位，不必去上班，也无须承担责任。因此，为了弥补她所做出的巨大牺牲，他决心尽可能让她在自己身边过上舒心的日子。Part2_TA_t5在西方工业国家，取得学位后才结婚的女生确实也有一些，但百分比不大（占10%-20%）。除偶有例外，她们通常不太引人注目，在校期间没有找到将来供养她们的合适人选。但是后来，学位会自动提高她们的市场价值，因为有些男人认为，如果妻子有个学位，就可以帮他们一把不过他们自己得有个学位才行。如果这样一位受过高等教育的女人对他有意，这明显证明他本人聪明。假如这位才女碰巧又很性惑，他会乐得忘乎所以。但这种情况持续不了多久。即使是女医生、女社会学家、女律师也都为了她们的男人“牺牲”自己的事业，或者说，至少把自己的事业搁置一旁。她们隐退到郊外的平房，生儿育女，养花种草，添置杂物。几年的功夫，那一点点靠死记硬背学来的“专业知识”全被这些闲情雅趣冲得一干二净。她们全都变得和左邻右舍那些妇女没什么两样了。Part2_TA1_sacrificesof...“Sacrifices”ofthisnaturecreateobligations.thesetwokindsofsacrificeresultintheman’sdutyorresponsibility;ifamarriedwomangivesuphereducationorcareerforthesakeofherhusband,itisherhusband’sresponsibilitytotakecareofherPart2_TA2_itmerely…itmerelyservestofalsifystatistics…itonlyperformsafunctionofaddinguntruedetailstotheanalysisofthenumberofpeoplewhoareengagedinthetaskinamisleadingwayinordertoconfusethecollectedinformationabouttheworkforcePart2_TA2_becauseeducation...becauseeducationandtheprofessionsmeansomethingverydifferentwhenappliedtowomenasopposedtomen.becauseeducationandtheprofessionsmeanonethingtomenandquiteanothertowomenPart2_TA2_itisamatteroflifeanddeath…itisamatteroflifeanddeath…itisextremelyimportantPart2_TA2_behindamaskofbusinessfriendshipBehindamaskofbusinessfriendship,heisconstantlyonthewatchforanysignofsuperiorityinoneofhisassociates,andhewillnoteitsappearancewithanxiety.Hepretendstobefriendlytohiscolleagues,butactuallyheisonthealertallthetimeforfearthatoneofhiscolleaguesmayshowsignsofbeingsuperiortohim,andoncehiscolleagueshowsadvantagesoverhim,hewillbecomeveryanxious.Part2_TA2_whenhedrivesothersWhenhedrivesothers,hedriveshimselfmostofall.Whenheforcesotherstoworkhard,hehastoworkevenharder.Part2_TA3_hisordersHisordersarereallyordersfromabove,passedonbyhim.Theordershehasgiventohisinferiorsareinfacttheordershehasreceivedfromhissuperiorandhemerelyservesasamessenger.Part2_TA4_itisonlytospurhimon

…itisonlytospurhimon,tostimulatehimtogreatereffort.itisonlytopushhimforwardandencouragehimtoworkstillharder.Part2_TA4_notforamomentisheallowedtoforgetNotforamomentisheallowedtoforgetthatthemerestoversightmaymeandemotion,theoneslipofthetonguemayspelltheendofhiscareer.Hemustconstantlykeepinmindthathisnegligenceofdutymayconsequentlylowerhisrankorpositionandacarelessverbalmistakemayleadtothelossofhisjob.Part2_TA6_withtheoddbitof…withtheoddbitof“labor”doneforthesakeofappearance…herpurposeofdoingasmallpieceoftrivialworktodrawotherpeople’sattentionPart2_TA6_sheiscold-bloodedlytakingherpick…sheiscold-bloodedlytakingherpick.sheisselectingtherightmanasherhusbandwithoutshowinganyemotionorfeelingPart2_TA7_theysithappilyinlecturesTheysithappilyinlecturesdesigningtheirspringwardrobeandbetweenclassesflirtwithboys.Whenattendinglectures,theydesigntheirtotalcollectionofclothestobeworninspringwi