2023年黑龙江省伊春市美溪区考研《英语一》押题密卷含解析

2023年黑龙江省伊春市美溪区考研《英语一》押题密卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)“Clevernessisagiftwhilekindnessisachoice.Giftsareeasy—they'regivenafterall.Choicescanbehard.”Igotthe1tostartAmazon16yearsago.I2thefactthattheInternetusagewasgrowingat2300percentperyear.I’dneverseenorheardofanythingthatgrewsofast.Andtheideaofbuildingan3bookstorewithmillionsoftitleswasvery4tome.Ihadjustturned30,andI’dbeenmarriedforayear.ItoldmywifethatIwantedto5myjobandgotodothiscrazythingthatprobablywouldn’t6,andIwasn’tsurewhatto7.ShetoldmeIshould8theidea.I’dalwayswantedtobeaninventor,andshewantedmetofollowmy9.IwasworkingatafinancialfirminNewYorkCitywitha10bossthatIadmiredverymuch.Iwenttomybossand11withhimthatIwantedtostartacompanysellingbooksontheInternet.HetookmeonalongwalkinCentralParkandlistened12tome,andfinallysaid,“Thatsoundslikeareallygoodidea,13itwouldbeanevenbetterideaforsomeonewhodidn’talreadyhaveagoodjob.”Thatlogicmadesome14tome,andheconvincedmetothinkaboutitfor48hours15makingafinaldecision.Seeninthatlight,itreallywasadifficult16,butfinally,IdecidedIhadtogiveitashot.Ididn’tthinkI’dregret17andfailing.AndIsuspectedIwouldalwaysbetroubledbythedecisionnottotryatall.Aftermuch18,Itooktheless19.pathtofollowmydream,andI’m20ofthatchoice.Forallofus,intheend,weareourchoices．1、A．idea B．support C．fund D．message2、A．gotthrough B．setaside C．cameacross D．turneddown3、A．online B．available C．intelligent D．expensive4、A．practical B．exciting C．flexible D．productive5、A．take B．1and C．exchange D．quit6、A．matter B．work C．fail D．exist7、A．do B．achieve C．plan D．expect8、A．giveup B．setup C．stickto D．putoff9、A．passion B．pace C．hobby D．example10、A．cruel B．brilliant C．greedy D．modest11、A．shared B．argued C．reasoned D．enquired12、A．gradually B．eventually C．carefully D．generously13、A．so B．and C．otherwise D．but14、A．sense B．difference C．bet D．bargain15、A．while B．before C．once D．since16、A．puzzle B．suggestion C．choice D．report17、A．managing B．requesting C．changing D．trying18、A．consideration B．determination C．conversation D．Application19、A．stable B．secure C．amusing D．interesting20、A．confident B．regretful C．hopeful D．proudSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1CantrainingYourWorkingMemoryMakeYouSmarter?Wewouldallliketoincreaseourcognitive(认知的)abilitybeyondthelimitssetbyMotherNature.Soit’snowonderthatbrain-trainingprogrammes—whichtypicallyfocusontrainingourworkingmemory—areamultibillion-dollarindustry.Butcanthiskindoftrainingreallymakeussmarter?Cognitivetrainingseesthebrainasakindofmusclethatcanbemadestrongerwiththerightkindofpractice.Itconsistsoftasksorgamescarriedoutoncomputersorsmartphones.Despitemuchresearch,therehassofarbeennoagreementaboutitseffectiveness.Somethinkthatcognitivetrainingincreasesabroadrangeofcognitiveabilities,whileotherslessoptimistic.Yetwedoknowthatsomecognitiveskills,suchasworkingmemoryandintelligence,tendtogotogetherandarepredictorsofreal-lifeskillssuchasworkperformance.Thus,trainingonecognitiveskillmightleadtoanimprovementinmanyothercognitiveandnon-cognitiveskills.Thatisexactlytheunderlyinghypothesis(假设)onwhichworking-memorytrainingisbased.Totestthishypothesis,weexaminedallthestudiesaboutworking-memorytrainingwecouldfindwithnormallydevelopingchildren:26experimentsand1,601totalparticipants.Childrenrepresentanidealtestgroup:duringchildhood,skillsarestillatthebeginningoftheirdevelopment.Thus,cognitivetrainingismorelikelytosucceedwithchildrenthanadults.Theresultswereveryclear.Working-memorytrainingdidnotshowanyeffectonchildren’sfluidintelligence,aperson’sabilitytosolvenewproblemsandadapttonewsituations.Itdidn’tinfluencetheiracademicachievementorothercognitiveabilities,either.Theonlyreliableeffectwasthatchildrengotbetteratwhattheytrainedtodo.Nomore,noless.Soperformingworking-memorytasksdoesseemtomakeyoubetteratdoingthem.Nonetheless,thefactthatparticipantsgotbetteratsuchtasksdoesnotnecessarilymeanthattheirworking-memoryabilityincreased.Theymayjusthavelearnthowtoperformthatparticulartypeoftask.Theresultsdoindicatethattheuseofworking-memorytrainingprogramsasaneducationaltoolisfruitless.Moregenerally,togetherwithotherresearch,theresultscontributetodisprovingcognitivetrainingcompaniespromisesofabetterbrain.Theresultshaveevenmoreimportantimplicationstheoretically.Theyquestionthehypothesisthattraininggeneralcognitivemechanismscanaffectothercognitiveorreal-lifeskills.Beyondworking-memorytraining,otherrecentstudieshaveshowntheimprovingcognitiveskillsoutsidemusic-includingacademicskills.However,thesenegativeresultsmustnotdiscourageusfromtrainingourcognitiveandnon-cognitiveskills.Wejusthavetobeawareoftheactuallimitationsofsuchpracticeinareasoutsidewhatweareactuallytraining.Butthatdoesn’tmeanweshouldn’tdoit-themostefficientwaytodevelopaskillis,afterall,totrainthatskill.1、Tofindouttheeffectofworkingmemorytraining,theauthor________.A．madesomescientificstudiesB．reviewedthepreviousresearchC．compareddifferenttestgroupsD．gotsomechildreninvolvedintheexperiment2、Childrenjoiningintheexperimentswereableto__________.A．dobetterinthefieldwheretheyaretrainedB．obtaingreateracademicachievementsC．adjusttonewsituationsquicklyD．succeedwhentheydealwithreallifeproblems3、Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardthecognitivetraining?A．PessimisticB．DisapprovingC．ObjectiveD．Optimistic4、Cognitivetrainingislikelyto_______accordingtothepassage.A．discoverthesecretsofhumanmindsB．makeone’sbrainstrongerbywayofpracticeC．earnagoodnameforthetrainingcompanyD．bringmuchprofittothetrainingcompaniesText2Asistradition,technologycompaniesfromaroundtheworldhaveflockedtoLasVegasfortheannualConsumerElectronicsShow.Therearethousandsofeye-catchingitemstoswoonover,whetheryou’reanerdornot.Hereareafewofthemostinteresting,excitingandpossiblylife-changingproductsseenattheshow,whichrunsfromTuesdaytoFriday.Item1YouthoughtyourcurvedTVwascool?TheLGSignatureOLEDTVRisa65-inch4KTVthatis,unlikeyourlameandrigidscreen,rollable,andcanretract(收回)intoitsbasewhenyou’renotenjoyingit.WhileyoucancontrolitusingeitherGoogleAssistantorAmazonAlexa,theTVRalsosupportsApple’sAirPlay2andHomeKit.Item2Gaminglaptopsaren’tnew,buttheyusuallylackpowercomparedtotheirbeefierdesktopcounterparts.Nvidia’slatestannouncementchangesthat,andbringsthedesktop-classpowerfoundinitsRTXlineofgraphicscardstolaptops.Morethan40laptopmodelswillturnupbytheendofthemonthwithRTXgraphicscardsinside,whichcanproducemorerealisticgraphicsandboostperformanceforthemostgamers.Item3Ifsleepingisharderthanitshouldbe,theDreembandmightbeabletohelpyoufigureoutwhatyou’redoingwrong.TheDreembandisafabric-coveredheadbandthatwrapsaroundyourheadandusesacombinationofsensorsliketheonesinyourAppleWatchtodetectvariousbiometricslikeyourheartrateandrespirationactivity.Italsousesboneconductiontocommunicateaudiocuestoyouprivately.Item4Samsung’sshownoffitsMicroLEDtechnologyinthepast,usingittobuildTheWall,a146-inchTV.Thecompany’snowshowingoffasmallerMicroLEDTV.UsingSamsung’sMicroLEDpanels,youcancreateavarietyofdisplaysizessupportingdifferentaspectratios,goingfromanultra-wide21:9screentoaperfectlysquare1:1displaywithoutlosingimagequality.125、Ifonelikesdoingthingsbyhimself,whichoftheitemssuitshimbest?A．Item1. B．Item2.C．Item3. D．Item4.1、Whichofthefollowingtechnologiesappearedforthefirsttimeintheshow?A．TheTVRUser’scontrollingtheTVbyGoogleAssistantB．Nvidia’slaptops’solvingtheproblemofpowerC．TheDreemband’sdetectyourheartrateD．Samsung’sMicroLEDtechnologymakinga146-inchTVpossibleText3Three-day－oldOskarLundesleepsinasmallbedatanEstonian(爱沙尼亚)hospital.Acrosstheroom,hisfatherturnsonalaptopcomputer."Nowwewillregisterourchild,"AndreiLundesaysasheliftshisidentificationcardintothecardreader.Hiswife,Olga,lookson.Andjustlikethat,OskarisEstonia’snewestcitizen.Nopaper.Notimespentstandinginaline.Estoniahaslaunchedaprojecttomakegovernmentadministrationcompletelydigital.Thegoalistoreducethesizeofthegovernmentworkforce,openupthedecision-makingprocessandfueleconomicgrowth.Needmedicine?Reachforacomputerandsendanemailortextmessagetoadoctor.Needhelpfromthelocalgovernment?Clickonalinktothegovernmentwebsites…Estoniahascreatedasystemthatsupportselectronicauthentication(身份验证)anddigitalsignatures.Itprovidespaperlesscommunicationsforboththegovernmentandprivateindustry.However,thereareafewthingsthatonecannotdoelectronicallyinEstonia:marry,endamarriageorbuyandsellproperty.Thatisonlybecausethegovernmenthasdecideditisveryimportanttoshowupinpersonforsomebiglifeevents.WhenEstoniadeclaredindependencefromtheformerSovietUnionin1991,ithadtobuildaneweconomy.Governmentleaderslookedforanindustrywherethecountrycouldcompete.TheydecidedoninformationtechnologyandtheInternet.Whenthepoorcountryneededtoreplacea1930sphonesystem,formerPresidentToomasHendrikIlvesrejectedtheofferofafreeanalog(模拟)systemfromFinlandandarguedforadigitalone.Lastyear,informationandcommunicationsmadeup5.9percentoftheeconomy.Thegovernmenthopestoincreasethatfigurewithan"e-residency"programthatletsbusinessmenaroundtheworldregistertheirbusinessesinEstonia,thusgainingapresenceintheEuropeanUnion.Morethan51,000peoplefrom167countrieshaveregisteredatacostofonly100euros,or＄114each.1、WhatpurposedoesParagraph1serveinthepassage?A．Toprovidebackgroundinformationofthetopic.B．Toattractreaders’attentiontothetopicC．TodescribethedailylifeofanEstonianD．TooffersomebasicknowledgeofEstonia2、InwhichcaseshallpeopleshowupinpersoninEstonia?A．Registeringanewlybornbaby.B．RegisteringabusinessC．Purchasingahouse.D．Signinganame.3、Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．The"e-residency"programdidn'tworkinpracticeB．The"e-residency"programappealstonativeEstoniansC．PeopleregisterbusinessesinEstoniaatverylowpricesD．EstoniausedtobeamemberstateoftheEuropeanUnion.4、Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．EstonianGovernmentAimstoEndPaperworkB．"e-residency"ProgramFuelsEstonianEconomyC．EstoniaIsBecomingStrongerWithITIndustryD．GovernmentAdministrationIsGoingDigitalText4HistorianTomHollandistheaward-winningauthorofRubicon,PersianFireandMillennium.Heappearsregularlyonradio,TVandinprint.HislatestbookDynastyispublishedinpaperbackbyAbacus.MoominsummerMadnessByToveJansoonWhatIloveaboutthisbook,asachildandstilltoday,isitsmixofthefantasticalandnormal.Ontheonehand,it’saboutafamilyandtheirfriendsallenjoyingthemselves,quitehappynotdoingmuch.Ontheotherhand,it’saboutcharactersthatcanchangeintooddshapes,magicianscomingdownfromthemoonandpeculiarcreaturesemergingfromtheroof.Thatmixofthefamiliarandtheextraordinaryinformsallmywriting.TheHistoriesByHerodoTusBythetimeIwas12,IwasobsessedbyAncientGreeceandRome.Atfirst,IfoundtheearlysectionofTheHistoriesarealgrindbecauseit’slikealongshaggydogstorythatnevergetstothepoint.InthesecondhalfIwasrewardedwiththestoriesI’dbeenwaitingfor,likethebattlesofMarathon,SalamisandThermopylae.Overtheyears,IcometovaluetheinfectiouscuriosityofthefirsthalfandtheportraitoftheworldinthefifthcenturyBCseenthroughtheeyesofthisextraordinaryGreekhistorian.ADistantMirrorByBarBaraWTucHmanTuchman’sbookTheGunsofAugustwonthePulitzerPrize,butit’sthisslightlylesswell-knownworkthatprovidedmewitharolemodelformyownwriting.Bothscholarlyandinteresting,it’saportraitofthe14thcenturyinWesternEuropeandvividlyevokesmedievalcivilizationbuffetedbycataclysms:theBlackDeath,thePeasants’RevoltandtheGreatPapalSchism.IfeltIknewwhatitwastodieoftheplagueortohaveaswordputthroughme—realstoriestoldremarkably436、TomHollandnowfindsthefirsthalfofTheHistories___________.A．offthepoint B．culture-centeredC．reallyboring D．quiteentertaining1、WhichbookdoesTomHollandappreciateandtrytocopyitsstyle?A．TheHistories B．ADistantMirrorC．TheGunsofAugust D．MoominsummerMadnessPartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)语法填空Summervacation，althoughawelcomereliefforstudents，isaworryingtimeforparentsbecausetheyareafraidtheirchildrencouldbecome1．（addict）tovideogamesduringtheJuly-Augustholiday．The2．（extraordinary）longtimethatstudentsspendonvideogamesis3．dangertonotonlytheirhealthbutalsotheirqualityoflife．Inrecentyears，videogames4．（become）oneofthemostpopularformsof5．（entertain）forchildrenworldwide．Theyhavealsobecomeaseriousformofaddictionformanychildren．Infact，theWorldHealthOrganizationrecentlycategorizedvideogameaddiction6．amentalhealthdisorder．Addictiontovideogamescanhaveserioushealtheffectsonchildren．Theycanleadtovisualproblems，pooreatingand7．（sleep）habits，socialisolation（孤立），andangerandaggressivebehaviorwhenaskedtostopplaying，8．canbedangeroustoothers．Childrenmayalsohavedifficultymaking9．（friend）．Itistheparents'responsibility10．（limit）theirchildren'saccesstovideogamesandcomputers，becauseitisthechildren'shealthandqualityoflifethatareaffected．语法填空Onemorning，Iwaswaitingatthebusstop，worriedaboutbeinglateforschool．Thereweremanypeople1．（wait）atthebusstop，andsomeofthemlookedveryanxiousand2．（disappoint）．Whenthebusfinallycame，weallhurriedonboard．Igotaplacenexttothewindow，soIhad3．goodviewofthesidewalk．Aboy4．wasridingabikecaughtmyattention．Hewasridingbesidethebusandwavinghisarms．Iheardapassengerbehindmeshoutingtothedriver，butherefused5．（stop）untilwereachedthenextstop．Still，theboykeptriding．Hewascarryingsomethingoverhisshoulderandshouting．6．（final），whenwecametothenextstop，theboyranupthedoor7．thebus．Iheardanexcitedconversation．Thenthedriverstoodupandasked，"Didanyoneloseasuitcaseatthelaststop?"Awomanonthebusshouted，"Oh，dear!It's8．（I）"．Shepushedherwaytothedriverand9．（take）thesuitcasethankfully．Fiveothersonthebusbegantalkingaboutwhattheboyhaddoneandthecrowdof10．（stranger）suddenlybecamefriendlytooneanother．SectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Currently,peoplefromallovertheworldprefertoshoponline.Expertspredictourspendingonlineoverthenextfiveyearswillgrowby129%.Buthowcanyouprotectyourselveswhenshoppingonline?1、Itshouldbeprotectedbyup-to-dateanti-virussoftware,andyoushouldalsoinstallapersonalfirewall,whichwillstophackersattackingyoursystem.Checkthatyourfirewallisopenbeforeyoustartshopping,andwhenyoufinish,besuretologout.Takeaminutetolookatthewebsitebeforeyoubuyanything.Checkthatthecompanyhasageographicaladdressaswellasatelephonenumber.2、Sellersshouldhavealistofallyourrightssomewhereontheirwebsite,andyouneedtoreadthisbeforeyoudecidetoshopthere.3、Asageneralrule,onlinecompaniesusuallygivetheircustomerssevendaystocanceltheirorderiftheychangetheirmindsabouttheirpurchase.4、Itisalock-shapedsymbolandyoucanfinditonthebrowserbar(浏览器栏)atthebottomofthescreen.Anotherindicationofasafewebsiteisitsaddress.Theaddressshouldnotbeginwith“http”but“https”—theletter“s”standsforsecure.Thefinalstageofonlineshoppingistheorderconfirmation.Thisisproofthatyou’veboughtaproductfromthiscompany,anditcontainsthespecialreferencenumberforyourorder.5、Youmightneeditifthere’saproblem.A．Youshouldalwaysprintthisinformationandkeepitsomewhere.B．Ifthishappens,yourcreditcardwillofferyouthebestprotection.C．Aspecialicon(图标)willtellyouifthewebsiteyouareusingissafe.D．Makesurethatyourdevice,forexampleyourlaptoportablet,issafetouseatalltimes.E.WhenyoubuythingsontheInternet,there’snochancethatsomethingmaygowrong.F.Ifyoucan’tfindthelist,youshouldprobablychooseadifferentwebsite.G.It’sgenerallybettertousesellersthatyouknowaboutoronesthathavebeenrecommendedtoyou.Althoughmostgameshavewinnersandlosers,thegoalofsportsisnottowineverygame.Therealgoalsincludegettingexercise,havingfun,andlearningimportantsocialskills,likesportsmanship.Goodsportsmanshipisallaboutrespect.Goodsports(具有运动家品格的人)respecttheotherplayersontheirteam.Theyrespectthepl