Unit1Anewstart-高一英语单元速记巧练（外研版2019）（原卷版）

Unit1AnewstartUnit1话题学校生活词汇senior,curious,eagerness,campus,tradition,facility,moment,author,explore,engine,organize,impression,insect,breathe,challenge,pressure,calm,description,confident短语seniorhigh2.onebyone3.dependon4.butterfliesinone'sstomach5.inpanic6.keepcalm7.goallout8．OrientationDay9.inparticular10.referto11.graduatefrom12.lookforwardto13.atthesightof句型1．I__________atthephotosonthenoticeboard________Iheardavoicebehindme.我正在看布告栏上的照片，这时我听到身后的说话声。2．________butterflies____________，Ibreatheddeeply.由于紧张，我深吸了一口气。3．Ihadbeen________nervous_______payattentionwhenheintroducedhimself!我太紧张了以至于他做自我介绍时我无法集中注意力！4．Theseactivities___________helpthemgainmoreskills，___________teachthemtocareaboutothers.这些活动不但帮助他们获得了更多的技能，而且也教会了他们去关爱他人。5．____________，howdidyoudealwiththem?如果是这样的话，你是如何应对的呢？语法短语（1）写作读后续写思维拓展训练之1——用动作细节描写表达感情考点1.impressionn．印象；感想【拓展】1)leave/makea(n)．..impressionon/uponsb.给某人留下……的印象(2)impressvt.使……留下深刻印象；使……铭记impresssth.on/uponsb.impresssb.withsth.beimpressedby/with对……印象深刻impressiveadj.给人深刻印象的；感人的【经典练】单句语法填空①[2022·全国甲卷]Withan________(impress)2，000-seatconcerthall,StDavid'sHallishometotheannualWelshPromsCardiff.②[2021·浙江卷]Ifyouevergetthe________(impress)thatyourdogcan“tell”whetheryoulookcontentorannoyed，youmaybeontosomething.【教考衔接】[2022·新高考应用文写作]这次活动一定会给每个观众留下印象。(impress)③Thisactivitywillsurely________________．④Everyaudiencewillsurely________________thisactivity.⑤Thisactivitywillsurely________________everyaudience.提升好句子Whatimpressedmemostwasthattheyneverlostheartwhenfacingdifficulties.使我印象最为深刻的是他们面对困难时从不灰心。考点2.curiousadj.好奇的；稀奇古怪的【拓展】becuriousabout...对……感到好奇becurioustodosth.渴望做某事outofcuriosity出于好奇meet/satisfyone'scuriosity满足某人的好奇心withcuriosity＝curiously好奇地【经典练】单句语法填空①Inseniorhighschool,Iwascurious________thecomputerandbuiltmyfirstwebsite.②[2022·浙江1月卷]Meanwhile,overthecourseof19thcentury,electricitywentfrommere________(curious)toabasicnecessity.【写作佳句】读后续写生动表达③人们聚集在周围，好奇地想知道正在发生什么。Peoplegatheredround,________________________________________．考点3.arguev．争论；辩论；说服【拓展】(1)arguefor...为……而争论；赞成……argueagainst争辩/反对……某事(3)argumentn.争论；争辩；论点基础练习——单句语法填空【联想】“说服某人做某事”的表达形式：①persuadesb.todosth.②persuadesb.intodoingsth.③convincesb.todosth.④talksb.intodoingsth.【经典练】单句语法填空①[2022·全国甲卷]Thegreatsignificanceofprotectingtheoceanisbeyond________(argue)．②Wetriedmanywaystoarguehiminto________(follow)ouradvice,butinvain.【教考衔接】能力提升——读后续写生动表达③我多么后悔与她就那些不那么重要的事情争论，那使我们都很沮丧。HowIregretted____________________________________________，whichmadeusallupset.考点4.applyvt.涂；敷；搽；应用；运用；手压，脚踩；致力于vi.申请；请求；使用【拓展】apply...to...把……运用到……中；把……涂到……上applyto...适应……；适用于……apply(to...)for...(向……)申请……applyoneselfto集中精力于【经典练】单句语法填空①________(apply)yourselftoyourstudy,youwillaccomplishyourgoal.②I'dappreciateitifyoucouldtakemy________(apply)intoaccountatyourconvenience.③Tomydelight,Iwaschosenfromhundredsof________(apply)toattendtheopeningceremony.【写作佳句】能力提升——读后续写生动表达④他涂了一些药在Jeff的手上，然后开始帮助他们清理搞砸的东西。Heappliedsomemedicine________Jeff'shand,andthensetouttohelpthemcleanupthemess.【佳句背诵】Learningthatyouareinneedofsomevolunteerstomeetthevisitingforeignstudents,I'mgladlywritingtoapplyforthisjob.听说你们需要一些志愿者接待来访问我们学校的国外学生，我很高兴写信申请这份工作。考点5.frightenedadj.恐惧的，害怕的；受惊的【拓展】(1)frightenvt.使吃惊；惊吓frightensb.into/outofdoingsth.吓得某人做/不敢做某事frightensb.todeath把某人吓得要死frighten...away/off把……吓走/跑(2)frighteningadj.令人恐惧的；可怕的(3)frightn.恐惧；害怕withfright害怕地【经典练】单句语法填空①Theyfrightenedthesmallboyinto________(tell)themthesecret.②________(frighten)atthesightofasnake,hegotsonervousthathecouldn'tmoveatall.【写作佳句】能力提升——读后续写生动表达③她被那可怕的景象吓得要死。每当她想到这件事，她就忍不住害怕地浑身发抖。She____________________________________.Whenevershethoughtofit,shecouldn'thelptremblingfromheadtofootwithfright.考点6[variousadj.各种各样的；多姿多彩的【拓展】.(1)varyvt.改变；变更vi.变化，不同varyfrom...to...由……到……不等varyinsth.(大小、形状等)不同，有别varywith...随……变化，改变varietyn.种类；多样化avarietyof/varietiesof种种……【经典练】单句语法填空①[2022·北京卷]Oftendueto________(variety)pressures,wetendtoignoreourhealth.②Changesinpricenormallyvary________changesofsupplyandneed.【佳句背诵】能力提升——词汇/句式升级③(普通表达)Ourschoolhasbuiltanewstadium．Ithasallkindsofwell-equippedfacilities.(高级表达)Ourschoolhasbuiltanewstadium,________________________________.(升级加黑词；定语从句)Ihaveagreatpassionforreading,especiallythestorybooks,varyingfromChinesestoriestoEnglishstories.我酷爱读书，尤其是故事书，从中文的到英文的都有。考点7.lookforwardto期望；期待；盼望【拓展】lookback(on)回忆，回顾lookoutfor注意察看，留心lookdownon/upon轻视，瞧不起lookinto调查，向……里看lookupto尊敬，敬仰【经典练】——单句语法填空①Thestudentsarelookingforwardto________(have)anopportunitytoexploresocietyforreal-lifeexperience.②Helookedforward________(see)whowasmakingaloudnoiseinthecrowd.③AsIsawtheoldphoto,Ialwayslookedback________thescenewherewehadmet.【写作佳句】能力提升——完成句子④在中国，尊敬父母和老师是一种美德。________________________ourparentsandteachersinChina.【佳句背诵】WesincerelywishyouaquickrecoveryandlookforwardtoyourearlyreturntoChina.我们真诚地期待着您快点康复，早日回归。考点8.bedoing...when...正在做某事……这时[教材原句]IknowthatChineseisaverydifficultlanguage,butIhopetobefluentwhenIgraduate.我知道中文是一门十分难学的语言，但我希望在毕业时能说一口流利的汉语。【拓展】(教材原句)IwaslookingatthephotosonthenoticeboardwhenIheardavoicebehindme.我正在看布告栏上的照片，这时我听到身后的说话声。bedoing...when...正在……这时……beabouttodo...when...正打算做……这时……beonthepointofdoing...when...正要……这时……hadjustdone...when...刚做了……这时(突然)……【经典练】单句语法填空①[2022·新高考卷Ⅱ]Henry________(fix)hiscarwhenheheardthescreams.②Ihadjustturnedonthecomputer________myparentscameback.【写作佳句】能力提升——读后续写生动表达③我正要放弃的时候，老师的表扬给了我回答问题的勇气。I___________________________________theteacher'spraisegavemethecouragetoanswerthequestion.【拓展】(教材原句)Withbutterfliesinmystomach,Ibreatheddeeply.由于紧张，我深吸了一口气。“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”称为with复合结构，此结构在句中常作时间、原因、方式、伴随状语，可位于句首或句尾，亦可作后置定语。在此结构中可用形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、现在分词、过去分词作宾语补足语。基础练习——单句语法填空①Withallthework________(do),wewenttothenearbyneighbourhoodandgavethemtothepeoplelivingthere.②Withsomanytasks________(finish),Iwon'tgotoseethefilmtonight.【经典练】能力提升——句式升级③Astimegoesby,wearegoingtograduatefromseniorhighschool.(with复合结构)→________________，wearegoingtograduatefromseniorhighschool.【佳句背诵】Withhisclassmatescheeringforhim,Davidreachedthefinallinesuccessfullyandranked10th,whichwasbeyondhisexpectation.在同学们的加油声中，David成功地通过了终点线，拿到了第十名的成绩，这是他之前没有想到的。考点10.Ifso条件状语从句的省略【拓展】ifever如果有过/发生过的话ifany如果有的话ifpossible如果有可能ifnecessary如果有必要【经典练】——用if的相关短语填空①________，trytogotobedandwakeupatthesametimeeveryday.②Ifwecandothat,wecankeepupwiththetimes.But________，wewouldalwaysfallbehind.【写作佳句】能力提升——微写作③[2022·北京卷]我想知道周末你是否有空。如果有空，我想邀请你给我们做个关于英语写作的在线讲座。I'mwonderingifyouareavailableattheweekend.________________________________________________________________________.一．语法精讲——短语（1）思维导图1．Goingfromjuniorhighschooltoseniorhighschoolisareallybigchallenge.(名词短语作表语)2．Thefirstweekwasalittleconfusing.(形容词短语作表语)3．First,IhadtothinkverycarefullyaboutwhichcoursesIwanttotake.(副词短语作状语)4．MyadviserrecommendedthatIshouldsignupforadvancedliteraturebecauseIlikeEnglishandI’mgoodatit.(名词短语作宾语)5．Themainpurposeofthecourseistohelpimproveeachstudent’sreadingability.(名词短语作主语)6．Findingtimeforbothstudiesandextra－curricularactivitiesisabigchallenge,soIneedtomakeaworkableschedule.(名词短语作宾语)一、名词短语(NounPhrase或NP)1．名词短语的定义：名词与它的修饰语一起构成的短语。2．名词短语的句法功能(1)名词短语在句中充当主语。Theseredrosesareforyou.这些红玫瑰是送给你的。(2)名词短语在句中充当宾语。Ihavethreeclosefriends.我有三个要好的朋友。(3)名词短语在句中充当表语。Heismybestfriend.他是我最好的朋友。(4)名词短语在句中充当宾语补足语。Weconsiderhimagoodteacher.我们认为他是一位好老师。【经典练】指出下列句子中加黑名词短语在句中所作的句子成分，并注意其组成①Theseideas②Weloveourgreatmotherland③Themanwearingablackcoatisourteacher.作④Thosebeautifulflowers⑤Wemadehimcapitalofourteam.作⑥Hegotthreegoldmedals⑦Thetallbuilding主语[名师点津](1)名词短语在句中作名词用，一般用作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语等。(2)名词短语由“(限定词)＋(数词、形容词、形容词短语、描述性名词)＋名词＋(介词短语)”组成。限定词包括冠词(a，an，the)、指示代词(this，that，these，those等)、形容词性物主代词(my，your，his，her，our，their，its等)和不定代词(some，no，neither，both等)。二、形容词短语(AdjectivePhrase或AdjP)1．形容词短语的定义：是指由几个形容词或形容词及其修饰语构成的短语。2．形容词短语的组成(1)两个或多个形容词由and,but等连接构成形容词短语。Yourroomislargeandbeautiful.你的房间大且美丽。(2)very等程度副词作修饰语，可与形容词构成形容词短语。Itisveryhottoday.今天很热。(3)介词及其宾语可用在形容词后修饰形容词，可与形容词构成形容词短语。Iamsureofsuccess.我确信会成功的。(4)不定式在形容词后作修饰语，可与形容词构成形容词短语。Heissuretocome.他一定会来的。【经典练】写出下面句中的形容词短语①Heisyoungbutclever.②Theroomwasverydirty.③Theroadislongenough.④Thebottleisfullofwater.⑤Sheisagirllivelyandlovely.3．形容词短语的句法功能(1)形容词短语可用在名词的前面或后面作定语。Wehaveasmallbutbeautifulroom.我们有一个漂亮的小房间。Heisaworkerworthyofpraise.他是一个值得表扬的工人。(2)形容词短语作表语Thebridgeislongandwide.这座桥又长又宽。(3)形容词短语作宾语补足语Ithinkyouranswercorrectandproper.我认为你的答案正确且恰当。【经典练】指出下列句子中加黑形容词短语在句中所作的句子成分，并注意其组成①Theairtodayisniceandclean.作②Hefoundthefilmveryinteresting.作③Thisisasubjectworthyofcarefulstudy.作④OurEnglishteacherisveryniceandpatient.作⑤Ifounditveryhard[名师点津](1)形容词短语在句中作形容词用，可以修饰名词或代词，作定语、表语、宾语补足语等。(2)形容词短语由“(副词)＋形容词＋(介词短语)”组成。三、副词短语(AdverbPhrase或AdvP)1．副词短语的定义：是指由几个副词或副词及其修饰语构成的短语。2．副词短语的组成(1)两个或多个副词可以由and,but等连接构成副词短语。Itriedagainandagain.我试了一遍又一遍。(2)very,extremely等程度副词作修饰语，可与其他副词构成副词短语。Herunsextremelyfast.他跑得快极了。(3)介词及其宾语可用在副词后修饰副词，可与副词构成副词短语。Hewentonstudyingdeepintothenightyesterday.昨天他一直学习到深夜。【经典练】写出下面句中的副词短语①Shetypesquicklyandcorrectly.②Hecanfinishthatmuchquicker.③Theteacherspeaksclearlyenough.3．副词短语的句法功能：副词短语在句中主要用作状语，修饰动词、形容词或副词等。Iwarnedhimagainandagain.我一再警告他。(副词短语againandagain修饰warned)Don’ttalksoloudly.别大声喧哗。(副词短语soloudly修饰talk)【经典练】指出下列句子中加黑副词短语在句中所作的句子成分，并注意其组成①Heranveryquickly作②Iammuchtoo作③Sheplayswellenough作④Heworkedmuchmore副作[名师点津](1)副词短语在句中作副词用，可以修饰动词、形容词或副词等，作状语。(2)副词短语由“(副词)＋副词”组成。二．写作精讲——建议信一、黄金写作模板二、常用写作格式1．齐头式，即日期、正文、署名全在左边顶格写。教材中就采用了这种模式。2．空格式：日期、署名在左边，正文每段开头空两格。1．建议信开头常用句式①Iknowyouarenowhavingtrouble(in)communicatingwithothers,andyoumayoftenfeellonely.我知道你现在在与人交流方面有些麻烦，你也可能经常感到孤独。②Ithinkyoucanmakeitifyoufollowtheadvicebelow.如果你听从以下建议，我认为你会做到的。2．表达建议常用句式①First(ly),whynotjoinaclub?Ifyoudothis,youcanmakefriends.首先，为什么不参加一个俱乐部？如果你这样做的话，就会交到朋友。②Second(ly),youshould/cantrytotalkwithothers.Then/Thatway,youwillfeelbetter.其次，你应该尽力与人交谈。这样，你会感觉好点。③AsfarasIamconcerned/Inmyopinion,youshouldhelpeachother.就我而言/在我看来，你们应该互相帮助。3．建议信结尾常用句式①Ihopeyouwillfindtheseideasuseful.我希望你会发现这些办法有用。②Astimegoeson,peoplewillknowyoubetterandbewillingtomakefriendswithyouifyoucanfollowtheabove.如果你遵从以上建议，随着时间的推移，人们会更加理解你，会愿意和你交朋友的。假如你是李华，最近收到了你的美国朋友Jenny的来信。她在信中说：由于刚进入高中还不能适应新环境，她不知道如何去结交新朋友，因而情绪低落。请你回信，内容如下：1．向Jenny表示问候和安慰；2．针对她的问题提出以下建议：(1)放学后邀请同学一起参加活动；(2)遇到困难时，互相帮助。注意：可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。第一步：审题谋篇第二步：要点翻译1．你进入高中后情绪低落。Youfeelbadafterenteringhighschool．2．你的同学也面临着同样的问题。Yourclassmatesarefacingthesameproblem．3．你不必太担心。Youdon’thavetoworrytoomuchaboutit.4．尽力邀请你的同学一起参加一些活动。通过相互交流有助于相互理解。Trytoinviteyourclassmatestotakepartinsomeactivitiestogether.Itwillhelpyouunderstandeachotherbetterbycommunicatingwiththem．5．帮助有困难的同学。Helpstudentswhoareintrouble．第三步：词句升级1．用因果关系结构连接要点2、3Yourclassmatesarefacingthesameproblem,soyoudon’thavetoworrytoomuchaboutit.2．用定语从句合并升级要点4Trytoinviteyourclassmatestotakepartinsomeactivitiestogether,whichwillhelpyouunderstandeachotherbetterbycommunicatingwiththem.第四步：连句成篇DearJenny，Iamsorrytohearyoufeelbadafterenteringhighschool.AsfarasIknow,yourclassmatesarefacingthesameproblem,soyoudon’thavetoworrytoomuchaboutit.Herearesomesugges