预防滑倒、绊倒、跌倒

Slips,Trips,andFallsPrevention

滑倒、绊倒和跌倒的预防Issue–STF

问题–滑倒、绊倒&跌倒STF’srepresents#1causeofinjury滑倒、绊倒&跌倒（STF）是造成损伤的第1原因STF’soccurinanypartoftheworkplacewhetherinsideoroutside.STF的发生会出现在室内外工作场所的任何地方STF’smayresultinseriousoutcomesSTF可能导致严重后果STF’scosttobothworkerandemployercanbegreatSTF可以给雇员和雇主带来巨大的损失STF’sislikesteppingonmoneySTF带来经济损失ToWorker对雇员而言：ToEmployer对雇主而言：Pain疼痛lostwages损失薪水temporaryorpermanentdisability暂时或永久性残疾reducedqualityoflife生活质量减低Depression沮丧消沉lossinproductivityandbusiness生产和业务受损increasedindustrialinsurancepremiums工伤保险费用升高costsassociatedwithtrainingreplacementworker与培训替代雇员有关的成本costofmedicaltreatment医疗成本Slip滑倒绊倒TripDefinitionofSTF

滑倒、绊倒&跌倒（STF）的定义Whenyourfoot(orlowerleg)hitsanobjectandyourupperbodycontinuesmoving,throwingyouoffbalance.当你的脚部（或小腿）碰到一个物体，而你的上身继续移动时，你会失去平衡。Occurswhenyouaretoofaroffyourcenterofbalance.当你距离自身的平衡中心点过远时，你会跌倒。Whenyoustepdownunexpectedlytoalowersurface(Misstep)andloseyourbalance,e.g.,steppingoffacurb.当你突然踏空（失足）并失去平衡时，比如，在道牙上踏空。Whenthereistoolittlefrictionortractionbetweenyourfeet(footwear)andthewalkingorworkingsurface,andyouloseyourbalance.当你的脚部（鞋）与行走或工作的路面之间的摩擦力或牵引力过小时，你因此失去平衡。Trip绊倒DefinitionofSTFFriction:Theresistanceencounteredwhenanobject(foot)ismovedincontactwithanother(ground).Frictionisnecessaryinordertowalkwithoutslipping.STF摩擦力的定义：一个物体（脚部）与另一个物体（地面）接触并在该物体上移动时产生的阻力。摩擦力是平稳行走的必要因素。Fall跌倒CommontypesofSTFInjuries:

滑倒、绊倒&跌倒造成的常见伤害类型：Sprains,strains扭伤、拉伤Bruises,contusions瘀伤、挫伤Fractures骨折Abrasions,lacerations擦伤、破口CommonlyaffectedBodyParts:

容易受伤的身体部位：Knee,Ankle,Foot膝盖、踝部、脚部Wrist,Elbow手腕、肘部Back后背Shoulder肩膀Hip髋部Head头部MANYOFTHESECOULDHAVEBEENPREVENTED很多事故本来可以避免AccordingtotheU.S.DepartmentofLabor,slips,trips,andfallsmakeupthemajorityofgeneralindustryaccidents.根据美国劳工部的数据，滑倒、绊倒和跌倒占一般工伤事故的大部分。25%ofreportedclaimsperfiscalyearareduetoSTF在每财年的上报索赔记录中，25%与滑倒、绊倒和跌倒有关。Over17%ofalldisablingworkinjuriesaretheresultoffalls在所有导致残疾的工伤中，超过17%是由跌倒造成的。HumanFactorsIncreasingtheRiskofSlips,TripsandFalls

增加滑倒、绊倒&跌倒发生的人为因素FactorsofSTF导致滑倒、绊倒&跌倒的因素Healthandphysicalconditioncanimpairaperson’svision,judgment,andbalance.健康和身体状况会影响一个人的视觉、判断力和平衡性Eyesight,visualperception视力、视觉感知Age年龄Physicalstate,fatigue身体状况、疲劳Stress,illness压力、疾病Medications,alcohol,drug药物治疗、饮酒、吸毒Behaviours–actionsyouchooseandcontrolcancontributetoaslip,trip,andfallinjuryifyousetyourselfupforone.行为

–如果你马虎大意，那么你选择和支配的行为将会导致滑倒、绊倒和跌倒损伤。Carryingormovingcumbersomeobjects,ortoomanyobjects,thatobstructyourviewimpairyourbalanceandpreventyoufromholdingontohandrails手提或搬动笨重的物品或过多物品会妨碍你的视野，影响你的平衡并使你无法扶着扶手。Poorhousekeeping(allowingcluttertoaccumulate,notmaintainingcleandryfloors,etc.)不合格的环境整洁状况（使混乱状态不断加重，未能保持地面的干净和干爽等）Usingimpropercleaningmethods(e.g.,incorrectlyusingwaxorpolish;ortryingtocleanupgreasespillwithwater)使用不当的清洁方法（如，不当使用蜡或上光剂；或试图用水来清洗油脂溢出物）Notusingsignagewhensliportriphazardsexist当滑倒或绊倒危险存在时，没有使用标志牌InattentiveBehavior:walking,distractions(e.g.,usingcellphone,talkingandnotwatchingwhereyou’regoing,etc.)分散精力的行为：走路时分散注意力的行为（如，打电话、走路时与人交谈及没有注意观察等）Takingshortcuts;notusingwalkwaysordesignated,clearedpathways;beinginahurry,rushingaround抄近路：未使用通道或指定的无障碍物路径；匆忙赶路FactorsIncreasingtheRiskofSlips,TripsandFalls

滑倒、绊倒&跌倒发生增加的因素