2021届高三英语模拟题经典试题重组卷2（新高考模式）（教师版）

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2021届高三英语模拟题经典试题精选重组卷2（新高考模式）

英语

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时:选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干

净后，再选涂其他答案标号，回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对

话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1.Whathashappenedtothecupwithlittlehearts?

A.Ithasbeenlost.B.Ithasbeendamaged.C.Ithasbeengiventotheman.

【答案】B

【原文】

W:Haveyouseenmyfavoritecup?Theonewithlittleheartsonit.IthinkI'velostit.

M:Sorry,ImeanttotellyouthatIbrokeitlastweekwhilewashingit.ButIgotyouthisonetoreplaceit.

W:Iloveit!

2.Whatdidthemanaskthewomantodo?

A.Sewsomeclothes.B.Cleanupthefloors.C.Bemorecarefulnexttime.

【答案】C

【原文】

M:Mindy,Ifoundaneedleonthefloor.Ialmoststeppedonit.Youshouldbemorecareful.

W:Itwasn'tme,Ben.Itwasmymother.Shecameovertohelpwiththechildren'sclothes.ButI'llsweepthefloor

rightnowtomakesuretherearen'tanymore.

3.HowmanyclassesdoesthegirlhaveonMonday?

A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.

【答案】B

【原文】

M:Ihavedanceclassfirstthing,andthenmusicstraightafterlunch.

W:Luckyyou.Forme,it'sabusyMonday.Ihavedoubleclassesofmathandthengeography.

4.Whydoesthewomanadvisethemantorun?

A.Tocatchthepostman.B.Toborrowsomestamps.

C.Toreachthepostofficebeforeclosing.

【答案】C

【原文】

M:DoyouhaveanystampsIcanborrow?Iwanttosendthisstraightaway.

W:I'mafraid1don't.Butifyourun,youmightjustcatchthepostoffice.

5.Whatisacrossfromthenewclothingstore?

A.Abank.B.Amovietheater.C.Abookstore.

【答案】B

【原文】

M:Iwasinthatnewclothingstorenexttothebankandtheyhadsomeshirtsthatwouldreallysuityou.

W:Isitoppositethecinema?Whatdidtheplaceusetobebeforetheclothingstoreopened?

M:Yeah,itwasabookstorebefore.

第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时

间，每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。

6.Howdoesthemanfeel?

A.Confident.B.Tired.C.Confused.

7.Whichcountiywasthemanbornin?

A.Japan.B.China.C.Australia.

【答案】

6.C

7.A

【原文】

M:Excuseme,canyouhelpme?Ican'tunderstandpartofthisform.

W:Certainly,sir.Whatpartareyouhavingproblemswith?

M:Part3A.Tmnotquitesurewhatit'sasking.Tvereaditseveraltimesbutitdoesnotmakeanysense.

W:Thatpartoftheformisonlyforforeigntravelers.

M:Technically,Iam.I'moriginallyfromJapan,butthenIwasraisedinAustraliabeforecomingtoChina.

W:Wheredoyoulivenow?

M:IliveinHongKong.

W:Youarewelltraveled.

M:Iam,butsometimestheseformsstillconfuseme.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Classmates.B・Tutorandstudent.C.Motherandson.

9.Whatsubjectisthemothernotgoodat?

A.Math.B.English.C.Geography.

10.Whatactivityisrelatedtothewoman'sjob?

A.Testing.B.Writing.C.Teaching.

【答案】

8.C

9.A

10.B

【原文】

W:Malcolm,haveyoufinishedyourhomeworkyet?

M:Notyet,Ineeddad'shelpwithoneofthequestions.

W:Well,maybeIcanhelp?

M:Thanks,butdadknowsmoreaboutalgebrathanyou.

W:1amjustascapableasyourfather.Webothwenttouniversity.

M:Butdadusesitallthetimeinhisjob.Youwritealotinyourjob,soIcometoyouwhenIneedhelpwithmy

Englishtests.

W:Thafsverysmart,butsometimesyourfatherwon'tbeabletohelpyou.Soifyouneedit,I'mhere.Tmalso

goodatgeography.

M:OKthen.Canyoutellmetheanswertothisone?

W:No,but1canshowyouhowtofindtheansweryourself.

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

11.Wherearethespeakersprobably?

A.Inastore.B.Inagallery.C.Intheman'sapartment.

12.Whatcoloristhewoman'scoloredwall?

A.Purple.B.Cream.C.Orange.

13.Whereisthewallpaperlocated?

A.Underthebrushes.B.Nexttothesheets.C.Acrossfromthepaint.

【答案】

11.A

12.A

13.C

【原文】

M:Excuseme,canyoutellmewherethepaintsectionis?

W:It'sstraightdownthere.

M:Thankyou.We'regoingtopaintmyapartment.

W:Oh,Ilovedecorating.Whatcolorareyougoingfor?

M:Maybesomethingincreamorwhite.Wemightsellitsoon,sowewantittolookairy.

W:Alotofpeoplethesedayshaveonewallinabrightordistinctcolortomakeitstandout.Ihaveapuipleonein

mybedroom.

M:Ididseeoneatafriend'shouse.Hehadpaintedonesideofhislivingroomorange.Itlookedverysmart.Em

justnotsureIcoulddoasgoodajob.Fmnotanartist.

W:Well,wehaveallthetoolsyouneednexttothepaint,likebrushesandsheetstokeepyourfurnitureclean.Orif

youwantachallenge,thewallpaperisontheoppositeside.

M:You'vebeenmosthelpful.

W:Ifyouneedanythingelse,justletmeknow.

听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。

14.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.Amissingpet.B.Alatepackage.C.Awrongfoodorder.

15.WhoisTommy?

A.Thewoman'sson.B.Thewoman'spet.C.Thewoman'sboss.

16.Whatiswrongwiththedeliverydrivers?

A.Theyareill.B.Theyareoutforlunch.C.Theyhaveleftthecompany.

17.Whatwillthewomangetthemoneyforaccordingtotheman?

A.Herlostitem.B.Deliverycosts.C.Thecall.

【答案】

14.B

15.B

16.A

17.C

【原文】

W:1havebeenonholdforhalfanhourtryingtofindoutwheremydeliveryis!

M:Iapologize,Mrs.Smith.Thisisnotthelevelofserviceweusuallyoffer.

W:Thenwhatistheproblem?It'sapresentformylittleTommy.It*shisbirthdaytomorrow.Ipickedsomedog

foodforhim.Whyhaven'tIreceivedhispresentyet?

M:Wehadtouseadeliveryserviceinsteadofourowndrivers.

W:Why?

M:Ishouldn'treallysay.

W:1demandanexplanation,orIwanttospeaktoyourboss.

M:Ourdriversalleatfromthesamerestaurantatlunch.Theyhaveallgotfoodpoisoning.

W:Well,Tmsorrytohearthat.IhopetheyareOK.

M:Me,too.Becauseyouaresuchaloyalcustomer,Iwouldliketoofferyouafullrefundfortheitem.

W:Iguessthatwouldbeacceptable.Holdon,there'ssomeoneatmydoor.

M:Hello,Mrs.Smith?

W:Thatwasyourdriver.Itarrived!Thankyousomuch.

M:I'mgladitallworkedoutfine.Wewouldstillliketoofferyouarefund,forthelengthofthecall.

W:Thankyou.Thatwouldbelovely.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

18.Whydoesthenurseryoffertheplans?

A.Tokeepchildrensafe.

B.Tomakechildrenhealthy.

C.Tohelpchildrenfindtheirway.

19.Whenaretheteachersonduty?

A.8:00p.m.onMonday.B.7:00a.m.onThursday.C.9:00a.m.onSaturday.

20.Towhomisthespeakermainlytalking?

A.Childrenatthenursery.B.Newteachers.C.Children'sparents.

【答案】

18.A

19.B

20.C

【原文】

Thereisanotherthingtopointoutaboutsafetybeforewestarttoday'snurserytour.Thesafetyofyourchildrenis,

ofcourse,ourmainconcernandweareconstantlyworkingtoimproveitinanypossibleway.Wealsotrytomake

surethatyourchildrenenjoytheirlimeatnurseryandbenefitfromitasmuchaspossible.Thenurseryofferstwo

planstoensureyouknowthatyourchildrenaresafe.TheBusTripplanistomakesurethatchildrengetwhere

theyneedtogoafternurserywithateacherondutytoprotectthem,whethertheyaregoingstraighthomeor

somewhereelse.TheIn-Schoolplangivesyoupeaceofmindwhenthechildrenarebeingtaught.Acarefulrecord

iskeptofwherechildrenareinthebuildingsothatwecanlocatethemquicklyatanytime.Youareprovidedwitha

number,soyoucancallthenurserybetween7:00a.m.and7:00p.m.ontheweekdays.Requirementscanalsobe

madebytextandemail.Allinall,wearetryingourbesttomakesureyourchildrenaresafewhiletheyare

attendingthenursery.

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题:每小题2・5分，满分37・5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

【湖南省郴州市2021届高三第•次质检】

TopTravelDestinations2020

Penang,Malaysia

Penangisoneoftheonly13statesthatmakeupMalaysiainSoutheastAsia.Itsfoodcultureislikenothing

you'veeverexperienced.Ifyou'reafoodlover,thisistheplacetogo.ThecentrallocationofPenangmakesita

hub（枢纽）forcuisinefrommanydifferentregionsincludingIndia,Thailand,Indonesia,andVietnam.

BestTimetoVisit：NovembertoJanuary

Bali,Indonesia

Balihasalwaysbeenatoptraveldestinationduetoitsbeauty,butevenso,therearestillhiddenspotsaway

fromthemaintouristattractionsthatofferseclusion（清静）aswellaspeaceandquiet.Onesuchplaceistheisland

ofNusaLembongan.OnetouristattractionhereistheunderwaterBigBuddhawhichhasbeenplacedbylocalsasa

businessattraction.Italsomakesforgooddivingandunderwaterphotography,andisoneofthebestvacationspots

forcouples.

BestTimetoVisit：MaytoSeptember

Auckland,NewZealand

Aucklandisacoastalcityknownforitsbreathtakingviewsandbeautifulbeachesandislands.Thenearby

MountEdenisavolcanicmountainyoucanhikeandexplore.Withitsmanyhikingtracks,views,beaches,and

culturalsites,Aucklandhasenoughactivitiestokeepyoubusy.

BestTimetoVisit：MarchtoMay,SeptembertoNovember

Banff,Canada

LocatedinthenorthernpartoftheRockyMountainsinAlberta,BanffisasmalltownofCanada.Mostpeople

outsideofCanadahaveprobablyneverevenheardofit,butthat'swhatmakesitsodifferentfromotherattractions.

VisitorscanskionMountNorquayorridetheBanffGondolaupSulphurMountaintoswimintheBanffUpperHot

Springsandenjoygreatviewsofthecountryside.

BestTimetoVisit：JunetoAugust,DecembertoMarch

21.Whereshouldyougoifyouareinterestedindiving?

A.NusaLembongan.B.Penang.

C.TheBanffGondola.D.TheBanffUpperHotSprings.

22.Ifyouwanttoexploreavolcanicmountain,whichmonthisthebestchoice?

A.January.B.August.C.October.D.December.

23.WhatmakesBanffspecialcomparedtotheotherthreetraveldestinations?

A.It'sfamousforitstastyfood.B.Itdoesn'thaveanymountains.

C.It'snotwell-knowntoforeigners.D.Itoffersgreatviewsofbeaches.

【答案】21.A22.C23.C

【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四处2020年最佳旅游目的地。

21.细节理解题。根据文章Bali,Indonesia中的“Italsomakesforgooddivingandunderwaterphotography,andis

oneofthebestvacationspotsforcouples.（它也是潜水和水下摄影的好地方，也是情侣们最好的度假地点之

一。户可知，如果对潜水感兴趣，就去蓝梦岛（NusaLembongan）。故选A。

22.细节理解题。根据文章Auckland,NewZealand中的“ThenearbyMountEdenisavolcanicmountainyoucan

hikeandexplore.（附近的伊甸山是一座火山，你可以徒步旅行和探险。）"和“BestTimetoVisit：MarchtoMay,

SeptembertoNovember（最佳游览时间：3月至5月，9月至11月）”可知，如果你想探索一库火山，10月是

最好的选择。故选C。

23.节理解题。根据文章Banff,Canada中的“MostpeopleoutsideofCanadahaveprobablyneverevenheardof

it,butthat'swhatmakesitsodifferentfromotherattractions.（力口拿大以外的大多数人可'能从未听说过它，但这

就是它与其他景点如此不同的原因。户可知，与其他三个旅游目的地相比，外国人对Banff并不熟悉。故选

Co

B

【湖南省2021届高三百校联考】

Fourdaysoffun,sunandcelebrities,aswellasnetworking,careerworkshopsandmentoring（指导）,werein

storefortwoLongIslandteenschosentotakepartinthe12thannualDisneyDreamersAcademy（DDA）atWalt

DisneyWorldResortinOrlando,Florida.Chosenfromthousandsofapplicants,TiannaGonzalesofLakeGrove

andKaiyaSimmonsofMillerPlacewerepartofagroupof100youngpeoplewhomarchedintheMagicKingdom

paradeandmadeconversationwithAcademyAward-winningcostumedesignerRuthCarterandactorMiles

Brown.

BorninCharleston,SouthCarolina,KaiyaSimmons,14,movedtoMillerPlaceattheageof3.Aninthgrader

atMissPorterSchoolinFarmington,Connecticut,Kaiyasayssheenjoysacting,artandscienceandiscurrently

studyingenvironmentalscience.€tItisfunlearningabouttheenvironmentanddifferentwaystohelpprotectitJ

Kaiyasays,adding,amalsolearningdifferenttechniquestoimprovemyactingonstageandinAfterhigh

school,KaiyahopestoattendYaleUniversityandundertakeacareerasadoctor.

TiannaGonzales,a10thgraderatSachemNorthHighSchool,isinterestedinpsychologyandmusicandplays

saxophone(aninstrument)fortheschool'smarchingband,orchestraandband.Otherschoolactivitiesincludetrack,

ModelUnitedNations,foreignlanguageandartclubhonorsocieties.t€OnceIgraduate,Iplantoundertakeacareer

inthefilmworld,hopefullyattendingNewYorkUniversityorNewYorkFilmAcademy,shesays."Through

storytelling,wecanshapethiscenturytobeanevenstrongerattractionforsocietalchange.^^

TheDisneyDreamersAcademyisaimedathelpingtoinspireyoungpeopleduringacriticaltimeoftheir

development,t4Ourgoalistohelpthemseetheunlimitedpossibilitiesandtoinspirethemtoachievetheirfull

purpose-tobecometheheroesoftheirownstories,“saysTraceyD.Powell,vicepresidentofWaltDisneyWorld

Resort.

24.WhatcanweknowaboutthetwoLongIslandteens?

A.Theyexperiencedfourdaysoffuninastore.

B.Theycommunicatedcloselywithtwocelebrities.

C.Theytookpartinacostumedesigncompetition.

D.They'rerecognizedascelebritiesbythe12thannualDDA.

25.WhatisKaiya'sdreamaftergraduating?

A.Tobecomeamovieactress.B.Tostudyenvironmentalsciencefurther.

C.Totakeupaprofessionasadoctor.D.ToreturntoherhometownMillerPlace.

26.WhatcanbestdescribeTianna?

A.Creativeandserious.B,Ambitiousandresponsible.

C.Straightforwardbutfriendly.D.Determinedbutconservative.

27.Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph?

A.TointroducetheaimoftheDDA.

B.Tosummarizethepreviousparagraphs.

C.ToencouragemoreteenstotakepartintheDDA.

D.ToprovideinformationabouttheparticipantsoftheDDA.

【答案】24.B25.C26.B27.A

【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了来自格罗夫湖的TiannaGonzales和来自米勒广场的KaiyaSimmons被

选中参加迪士尼梦想家学院活动的故事。

24.细节理解题。根据第•段“Chosenfromthousandsofapplicants,TiannaGonzalesofLakeGroveandKaiya

SimmonsofMillerPlacewerepartofagroupof100youngpeoplewhomarchedintheMagicKingdomparade

andmadeconversationwithAcademyAward-winningcostumedesignerRuthCarterandactorMilesBrown.''（来

自LakeGrove的TiannaGonzales和MillerPlace的KaiyaSimmons从数千名申请者中脱颖而।出，他们是100

名年轻人的一员，参加「魔法王国游行，并与奥斯卡获奖服装设计师RuthCarter和演员MilesBrown进行

「交谈）可知，这两个青少年与两位名人服装设计师RuthCarter和演员MilesBrown进行亲密地交流。

故选Bo

25.细节理解题。根据第二段“Afterhighschool,KaiyahopestoattendYaleUniversityandundertakeacareeras

adoctor.”可知，高中毕业后，Kaiya希望能进入耶鲁大学，成为一名医生，故选C。

26.推理判断题。根据第三段“"OnceIgraduate,Iplantoundertakeacareerinthefilmworld,hopefullyattending

NewYorkUniversityorNewYorkFilmAcademy,shesays."Throughstorytelling,wecanshapethiscenturyto

beanevenstrongerattractionforsocietalchange.”“可知，她说：“毕业后，我计划进入电影界，希望能考上

纽约大学或纽约电影学院。通过讲故事，我们可以让这个世纪对社会变革产生更大的吸引力”，由此可推

断，Tianna是一位有志气且有责任心的人。故选B。

27.推理判断题。根据最后一段“TheDisneyDreamersAcademyisaimedathelpingtoinspireyoungpeople

duringacriticaltimeoftheirdevelopment,*4Ourgoalistohelpthemseetheunlimitedpossibilitiesandtoinspire

themtoachievetheirfullpurpose——tobecometheheroesoftheirownstories,MsaysTracey”可知，迪斯尼梦想家

学院旨在在他们发展关键时期，帮助激发年轻人，“我们的目标是帮助他们看到无限的可能性和激励他们实

现其全部的目标，成为自己故事的英雄”，特蕾西说，由此可知，本段的主要目的是介绍迪士尼的梦想家学

院活动的目的。故选A。

C

【湖北省六校2021届高三联考】

Ateamofscientistshavestudiedthousandsofspeciesofbirdstounderstandwhythereissomuchdiversityin

thelengthoftimetheytaketogrowfromafertilized（受精的）eggintoanindependentadult.Thestudy,published

inNatureCommunications,isthefirstonetoconsidertheimportanceoflifestyleandenvironmentalfactors

alongsideevolutionaryhistoryandbodysizetoexplainthevariation.

Allorganismsfaceatrade-off（交换）betweenreproducingandsurvivingandtheysolvethisproblemin

differentways.Theteamfoundthatmigratorybirdsdevelopmuchquicker,whichmayensuretheyarereadyto

returntotheirwinterhabitatsattheendofeachsummer.Findingsshowedthatbirdsthatbreedandliveinsafer

environmentswithfewerpredatorstypicallytooklongertodevelop,possiblybecausetheycanaffordtospend

longersincethereisnodangerorneedtoleave.Theyalsofoundthatbirdspecieswitha“livefastdieyoung^^

strategydevelopquicker,allowingthemtomaximizethenumberofoffspring（后代）theycanproduceintheshort

timeavailable.Asexpected,theresearchshowedthatbiggerbirdstooklongertodevelop-butevenamongbirds

ofasimilarsizetherewasvariationindevelopmenttimes.

Dr.ChrisCooney,fromtheUniversityofSheffield'sDepartmentofAnimalandPlantSciencesandleadauthor

oftheresearch,said,"Theamountoftimeittakesforafertilizedeggtodevelopintoafullygrownadultvaries

hugelyacrosstheanimalkingdom.Forinstance,ittakesanelephantalmost10yearstoreachindependence,

whereasafruitflyisfullygrownafteronlyamatterofdays.Thisextraordinarydiversityisalsoprevalentwithin

birds,wherealbatrosses（信天翁）cantakealmostayeartodevelopfromanembryo（胚胎）toanindependentadult,

butatypicalUKgardensongbird（鸣禽）takeslittlemorethanamonth.Wefoundthatcertainaspectsofaspecies,

lifestyleandenvironmentareimportantinexplaininghowlongtheytaketodevelop.^^

Thestudyonbirdsgivesscientistssomecluesaboutthetypeoffactorsthatmaybeimportantinotherspecies.

However,itmaybethatdifferentfactorsareimportantfordeterminingdevelopmentlengthinotheranimalgroups.

Therefore,thenextstepistoaddressthesequestionsusingdatathatcoversthewholescaleoftheanimalkingdom

一fromfishtomammalstoinsects—togainanevenbroaderinsightintothefactorsshapingthesefundamental

differencesacrossspecies.

28.Whatdoesthestudymainlyfocuson?

A.Thenumberofbirdspecies.B.Thechangesofbirdhabitats.

C.Thedevelopmentlengthofbirds.D.Thelifespanofbirds.

29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“prevalent"inparagraph3probablymean?

A.Rare.B.Common.C.Special.D.Strange.

30.WhatcanweknowfromDr.ChrisCooney'swords?

A.Thedevelopmenttimesvarywiththespecies.

B.Sizedeterminesthespeedofbirds'development.

C.Animalslivinginthesameplacedevelopatthesamerate.

D.Biggeranimalsalwaysgrowmoreslowlythansmallerones.

31.Whywillscientistsusedatacoveringthewholescaleoftheanimalkingdom?

A.Tostudythecauseofthespeciesdiversity.

B.Toshowthebasicdifferencesamongspecies.

C.Toexploretheevolutionaryhistoryofanimals.

D.Tofigureoutotherfactorsindevelopmentlength.

【答案】28.C29.B30.A31.D

【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述的是生活方式、进化历史、环境因素和个头大小都对鸟类的生长发育

成熟时间有影响。

28.细节理解题。文章第•段最后一句“Thestudy,publishedinNatureCommunications,isthefirstoneto

considertheimportanceoflifestyleandenvironmentalfactorsalongsideevolutionaryhistoryandbodysizeto

explainthevariation."这项发表在《自然通讯》上的研究，是第一个将生活方式和环境因素的重要性，以及

进化历史和体型来解释这种差异的研究。讲述生活方式、进化历史、环境因素和个头大小对鸟类的生长发

育成熟时间的影响。最后一段第二句"However,itmaybethatdifferentfactorsareimportantfordetermining

developmentlengthinotheranimalgroups.”然而，在其他动物群体中，不同的因素可能是决定发育长度的重

要因素。可知研究主要关注的是鸟类的发育长度。故选C。

29.词义猜测题。根据“Forinstance,ittakesanelephantalmost10yearstoreachindependence,whereasafruitfly

isfullygrownafteronlyamatterofdays.”例如，大象需要近10年才能独立，而果蝇只需要几天就能完全长

大。可知体型大的动物成熟时间长，体型小的动物成熟时间短。而“Thisextraordinarydiversityisalsoprevalent

withinbirds,wherealbatrossescantakealmostayeartodevelopfromanembryo（胚胎）toanindependentadult,

butatypicalUKgardensongbirdtakeslittlemorethanamonth.”这个非凡的多样性也普遍在鸟类，信天翁可以

近一年开发从一个胚胎，一个独立的成年人，但典型的英国花园songbird需要小一个多月。说明albatrosses几

乎需要•年来成熟，而atypicalUKgardensongbird只需要一个多月。所以这种非凡的多样性在鸟类中也很

普遍。所以划线单词的意思是“常见的故选B。

30.推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Theamountoftimeittakesforafertilizedeggtodevelopintoafullygrown

adultvarieshugelyacrosstheanimalkingdom.”受精卵发育成一个完全成熟的物种所需要的时间在动物王国

里差别很大。由此判断出发展时间因物种而异。故选A。

31.推理判断题。根据最后一段"Thestudyonbirdsgivesscientistssomecluesaboutthetypeoffactorsthatmay

beimportantinotherspecies.However,itmaybethatdifferentfactorsareimportantfordeterminingdevelopment

lengthinotheranimalgroups.Therefore,thenextstepistoaddressthesequestionsusingdatathatcoversthewhole

scaleoftheanimalkingdom—fromfishtomammalstoinsects—togainanevenbroaderinsightintothefactors

shapingthesefundamentaldifferencesacrossspecies.“我们得知，鸟儿的研究已经给科学家了一些线索，然而,

决定发育时长的可能有其他因素。所以，下一步就是使用全范围的动物王国的数据来洞见造成这些物种之

间基本差异的因素。由此判断出科学家使用全范围的动物王国的数据，目的就是找出影响发育长度的其它

因素。故选D。

D

[2021届湖南省湖湘名校教育联合体高三联考】

Tolearnnewthings,wemustsometimesfail.Butwhat'stherightamountoffailure?Newresearchledbythe

UniversityofArizonaproposesamathematicalanswertothatquestion.

Educatorshavelongrecognizedthatthereissomethingofa"sweetspot'1whenitcomestolearning.Thatis,

welearnbestwhenwearechallengedtograspsomethingjustoutsideofourexistingknowledge.Whenachallenge

istoosimple,wedon'tlearnanythingnew;likewise,wedon'texpandourknowledgewhenachallengeisso

difficultthatwefailentirelyorgiveup.

Sowheredoesthesweetspotlie?Accordingtothenewstudy,it'swhenfailureoccurs15%ofthetime.Put

anotherway,it'swhentherightanswerisgiven85%ofthetime.

ResearchersattheUniversityofArizonacameupwiththeso-called"85%Rule"afterconductingaseriesof

machine-learningexperimentsinwhichtheytaughtcomputerssimpletasks,suchasclassifyingdifferentpatterns

intooneoftwocategories.

Thecomputerslearnedfastestinsituationsinwhichthedifficultywassuchthattheyrespondedwith85%

accuracy.

"Ifyouhaveanerrorrateof15%oraccuracyof85%,youarealwaysmaximizingyourrateoflearningin

thesetwo-choicetasks,"saidProfessorRobertWilson.

Whenwethinkabouthowhumanslearn,the85%Rulewouldmostlylikelyapplytoperceptual（感知

的learning,inwhichwegraduallylearnthroughexperienceandexamples,Wilsonsaid.Imagine,forinstance,a

radiologist（放射科医生）leamingtotellthedifferencebetweenimagesoftumors（肿瘤）andnon-tumors.

“Youneedexamplestogetbetteratfiguringoutthere*satumorinanimage,"Wilsonsaid.HIfIgivereally

easyexamples,youget100%rightallthetimeandthere'snothinglefttolearn.You'renotgoingtobetakingas

muchfromthatasasituationwhereyouarestrugglingalittlehit.IfIgivereallyhardexamples,you'llhe50%

correctandstillnotlearninganythingnew,whileifIgiveyousomethinginbetween,youcanheatthissweetspot

whereyouaregettingthemostinformationfromeachparticularexample."

32.Whichofthefollowingislinkedwiththesweetspot?

A.15percentaccuracy.B.50percentaccuracy.

C.85percentaccuracy.D.100percentright.

33.Whydidtheresearchersteachcomputerssimpletasks?

A.Tofindoutwherethesweetspotlies.B.Toseehowwellcomputerscarryouttasks.

C.Tocomparetheresultsoftheirexperiments.D.Toconductsomeresearchonmachinelearning.

34.Whatisthepurposeofthe''examples'*mentionedinthelastparagraph?

A.Toteachwhattodointhetreatmentoftumors.B.Toteachhowtodeterminethereisatumor.

C.Tohelptorememberwhatislearned.D.Tohelptolearnhowatumordevelops.

35.Accordingtothetext,whatisthemosteffectivewayoflearning?

A.Nottakingfailuretooseriously.B.Learningthroughexperienceandexamples.

C.Strugglingalittlebit,butnottoomuch.D.Learningthingsthatarecompletelynew.

【答案】32.C33.A34.B35.C

【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了学习的“八五定律学习的“最佳点”是百分之八十五的正确率，

百分之十五的失败率，也就是说这时的学习效果最佳。学习太容易或太难都会导致学不到多少知识。

32.细节理解题。根据第三段Sowheredoesthesweetspotlie?Accordingtothenewstudy,it'swhenfailure

occurs15%ofthetime.Putanotherway,it'swhentherightanswerisgiven85%ofthetime.可知那么,最佳点在

哪里呢？根据这项新的研究，失败发生的几率为15%。换句话说，就是85%的情况下给出了正确答案。由

此可知，C选项“85%的准确率”与最佳点有关。故选C。

33.推理判断题。根据第四段ResearchersattheUniversityofArizonacameupwiththeso-called"85%Rule"

afterconductingaseriesofmachine-learningexperimentsinwhichtheytaughtcomputerssimpletasks,suchas

classifyingdifferentpatternsintooneoftwocategories.（亚利桑那大学的研究人员在进行了一系列机器学习实

验后，提出了所谓的“85%规则