2021高考英语全国I卷真题

2021高考英语全国I卷真题（精校版）

全国1卷（乙卷）适用地区：河南、河北、山西、江西、

湖北、湖南、广东、安徽、福建

难度系数：

阅读四选一难度：★★★★

阅读七选五：★★

完形填空难度：★★★

语法填空难度：★★★

写作难度：★★

2021年普通高等学校招生

全国统一考试（全国卷D

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项

中，选出最佳选项。

A

TrainInformation

AllcustomerstravellingonTransLinkservicesmustbe

inpossessionofavalidticketbeforeboarding.Forticket

information,pleaseaskatyourlocalstationorcall1312

30.

WhileQueenslandRailmakeseveryefforttoensure

trainsrunasscheduled,therecanbenoguaranteeof

connectionsbetweentrainsorbetweentrainservicesandbus

services.

Lostproperty（失物招领）

CallLostPropertyon131617duringbusinesshoursfor

itemslostonQueenslandRailservices.

ThelostpropertyofficeisopenMondaytoFriday

7:30amto5:00pmandislocated（位于）atRomaStreet

station.

Publicholidays

Onpublicholidays,generallyaSundaytimetable

operates.Oncertainmajoreventdays,i.e.

AustraliaDay,AnzacDay,sportingandculturaldays,

specialadditionalservicesmayoperate.

ChristmasDayservicesoperatetoaChristmasDay

timetable.Beforetravelplease.auorcall

TransLinkon131230anytime.

Customersusingmobilitydevices

Manystationshavewheelchairaccessfromthecarpark

orentrancetothestationplatforms.

Forassistance,pleaseQueenslandRailon131617.

Guardiantrains（outbound）

DepartOriginDestinationArrive

6:42pmAltandiVarsityLakes7:37pm

7:29pmCentralVarsityLakes8:52pm

8:57pmFortitudeValleyVarsityLakes9:52pm

11:02pmRomaStreetVarsityLakes12:22am

21.Whatwouldyoudotogetticketinformation?

A.Call131617.B.Visittranslink.com.au.

C.Askatthelocalstation.D.Checkthetrainschedule.

22.Atwhichstationcanyoufindthelostpropertyoffice?

A.Altandi.B.RomaStreet.C.VarsityLakes.D.Fortitude

Valley.

23.WhichtrainwouldyoutakeifyougofromCentralto

VarsityLakes?

A.6:42pm.B.7:29pm.C.8:57pm.D.l1:02pm.

B

Returningtoabookyou'vereadmanytimescanfeel

likedrinkswithanoldfriend.There'sawelcome

familiarity-butalsosometimesaslightsuspicionthattime

haschangedyouboth,andthustherelationship.Butbooks

don'tchange,peopledo.Andthat'swhatmakestheactof

rereadingsorichandtransformative.

Thebeautyofrereadingliesintheideathatourbond

withtheworkisbasedonourpresentmentalregister.It's

true,theolderIget,themoreIfeeltimehaswings.Butwith

reading,it'sallaboutthepresent.It'saboutthenowand

whatonecontributestothenow,becausereadingisagive

andtakebetweenauthorandreader.Eachhastopulltheir

ownweight.

TherearethreebooksIrereadannually.Thefirst,which

ItaketoreadingeveryspringisErnestHemningway'sA

MoveableFeast.Publishedin1964,it'shisclassicmemoir

of1920sParis.Thelanguageisalmostintoxicating（令人陶

醉的）anagingwriterlookingbackonanambitiousyet

simplertime.AnotherisAnnieDillard'sHolytheFirm,her

poetic1975ramble（随笔）abouteverythingandnothing.

ThethirdbookisJulioCortazar'sSaveTwilight:Selected

Poems,becausepoetry.AndbecauseCortazar.

WhileItendtobuyalotofbooks,thesethreewere

giventomeasgifts,whichmightaddtothemeaningI

attachtothem.ButIimaginethat,whilemoneyisindeed

wonderfulandnecessary,rereadinganauthor'sworkisthe

highestcurrencyareadercanpaythem.Thebestbooksare

theonesthatopenfurtherastimepasses.Butremember,it's

youthathastogrowandreadandrereadinordertobetter

understandyourfriends.

24.Whydoestheauthorlikerereading?

A.Itevaluatesthewriter-readerrelationship.

B.It'sawindowtoawholenewworld.

C.It'sasubstitutefordrinkingwithafriend.

D.Itextendstheunderstandingofoneself.

25.WhatdoweknowaboutthebookAMoveableFeast?

A.It'sabriefaccountofatrip.

B.It'saboutHemingway'slifeasayoungman.

C.It'sarecordofahistoricevent.

D.It'saboutHemingway'sfriendsinParis.

26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"currency"in

paragraph4referto?

A.Debt

B.Reward.

C.Allowance.

D.Facevalue.

27.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthetext?

A.Helovespoetry.

B.He'saneditor.

C.He'sveryambitious.

D.Heteachesreading.

C

Racewalkingsharesmanyfitnessbenefitswithrunning,

researchshows,whilemostlikelycontributingtofewer

injuries.Itdoes,however,haveitsownproblem.

Racewalkersareconditionedathletes.Thelongesttrack

andfieldeventattheSummerOlympicsisthe50-kilometer

racewalk,whichisaboutfivemileslongerthanthe

marathon.Butthesport'srulesrequirethataracewalker's

kneesstaystraightthroughmostofthelegswingandone

footremainincontact（接触）withthegroundatalltimes.

It'sthisstrangeformthatmakesracewalkingsuchan

attractiveactivity,however,saysJaclynNorberg,an

assistantprofessorofexercisescienceatSalemState

UniversityinSalem,Mass.

Likerunning,racewalkingisphysicallydemanding,she

says.Accordingtomostcalculations,racewalkersmoving

atapaceofsixmilesperhourwouldburnabout800

calories（卡路里）perhour,whichisapproximatelytwiceas

manyastheywouldburnwalking,althoughfewerthan

running,whichwouldprobablyburnabout1,000ormore

caloriesperhour.

However,racewalkingdoesnotpoundthebodyasmuch

asrunningdoes,Dr.Norbergsays.Accordingtoher

research,runnershitthegroundwithasmuchasfourtimes

theirbodyweightperstep,whileracewalkers,whodonot

leavetheground,createonlyabout1.4timestheirbody

weightwitheachstep.

Asaresult,shesays,someoftheinjuriesassociated

withrunning,suchasrunner'sknee,areuncommonamong

racewalkers.Butthesport'sstrangeformdoesplace

considerablestressontheanklesandhips,sopeoplewitha

historyofsuchinjuriesmightwanttobecautiousin

adoptingthesport.Infact,anyonewishingtotryrace

walkingshouldprobablyfirstconsultacoachorexperienced

racertolearnpropertechnique,shesays.Ittakessome

practice.

28.Whyareracewalkersconditionedathletes?

A.Theymustrunlongdistances.

B.Theyarequalifiedforthemarathon.

C.Theyhavetofollowspecialrules.

D.Theyaregoodatswingingtheirlegs.

29.Whatadvantagedoesracewalkinghaveoverrunning?

A.It'smorepopularattheOlympics.

B.It'slesschallengingphysically.

C.It'smoreeffectiveinbodybuilding.

D.It'slesslikelytocausekneeinjuries.

30WhatisDr.Norberg'ssuggestionforsomeonetrying

racewalking?

A.Gettingexperts5opinions.

B.Havingamedicalcheckup.

C.Hiringanexperiencedcoach.

D.Doingregularexercises.

31.Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor'sattitudeto

racewalking?

A.Skeptical.B.Objective.

C.Tolerant.D.Conservative.

D

Theconnectionbetweenpeopleandplantshaslongbeen

thesubjectofscientificresearch.Recentstudieshavefound

positiveeffects.AstudyconductedinYoungstown,Ohio,

forexample,discoveredthatgreenerareasofthecity

experiencedlesscrime.Inanother,employeeswereshown

tobe15%moreproductivewhentheirworkplaceswere

decoratedwithhouseplants.

TheengineersattheMassachusettsInstituteof

Technology(MIT)havetakenitastepfurtherchangingthe

actualcompositionofplantsinordertogetthemtoperform

diverse,evenunusualfunctions.Theseincludeplantsthat

havesensorsprintedontotheirleavestoshowwhenthey,re

shortofwaterandaplantthatcandetectharmfulchemicals

ingroundwater."We'rethinkingabouthowwecanengineer

plantstoreplacefunctionsofthethingsthatweuseevery

dayJexplainedMichaelStrano,aprofessorofchemical

engineeringatMIT.

Oneofhislatestprojectshasbeentomakeplantsgrow

(发光)inexperimentsusingsomecommonvegetables.

Strano'steamfoundthattheycouldcreateafaintlightfor

three-and-a-halfhours.Thelight,aboutone-thousandthof

theamountneededtoreadby,isjustastart.Thetechnology,

Stranosaid,couldonedaybeusedtolighttheroomsor

eventoturntreeintoself-poweredstreetlamps.

Inthefuture,theteamhopestodevelopaversionofthe

technologythatcanbesprayedontoplantleavesinaone-off

treatmentthatwouldlasttheplant'slifetime.Theengineers

arealsotryingtodevelopanonandoff“switch”wherethe

glowwouldfadewhenexposedtodaylight.

Lightingaccountsforabout7%ofthetotalelectricity

consumedintheUS.Sincelightingisoftenfarremoved

fromthepowersource（电源）-suchasthedistancefroma

powerplanttostreetlampsonaremotehighway-alotof

energyislostduringtransmission（传输）.

Glowingplantscouldreducethisdistanceandtherefore

helpsaveenergy.

32.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Anewstudyofdifferentplants.

B.Abigfallincrimerates.

C.Employeesfromvariousworkplaces.

D.Benefitsfromgreenplants.

33.Whatisthefunctionofthesensorsprintedonplant

leavesbyMITengineer?

A.Todetectplants5lackofwater

B.Tochangecompositionsofplants

C.Tomakethelifeofplantslonger.

D.Totestchemicalsinplants.

34.Whatcanweexpectoftheglowingplantsinthe

future?

A.Theywillspeedupenergyproduction.

B.Theymaytransmitelectricitytothehome.

C.Theymighthelpreduceenergyconsumption.

D.Theycouldtaketheplaceofpowerplants.

35.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthe

text?

A.Canwegrowmoreglowingplants?

B.Howdowelivewithglowingplants?

C.Couldglowingplantsreplacelamps?

D.Howareglowingplantsmadepollution-free?

第二节（共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的

最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

AFewTipsforSelf-Acceptance

Weallwantittoacceptandloveourselves.Butattimes

itseemstoodifficultandtoofaroutofreach.36Here'sa

handfulofwaysthatwillsetyouintherightdirection.

•37Donotfollowthepeoplewhomakeyoufeelnot-

good-enough.Whydoyoufollowthem?Areyouhoping

thateventuallyyouwillfeelempoweredbecauseyourlifeis

betterthantheirs?Knowthatyourlifeisyourown;youare

theonlyyouinthisworld.

•Forgiveyourselfformistakesthatyouhavemade.We

areoftenashamedofourshortcomings,ourmistakesand

ourfailures.38Youwillmakemistakes,timeandtime

again.Ratherthangettingcaughtupinhowyoucouldhave

donebetter,whynotofferyourselfacompassionate（有同情

心）response?”Thatdidn'tgoasplanned.But,Itriedmy

best.^^

•Recognizeallofyourstrengths.Writethemdownina

journal.Begintotrainyourbraintolookatstrengthbefore

weakness.Listallofyouraccomplishmentsand

achievements.Youhaveajob,earnedyourdegree,andyou

gotoutofbedtoday.39

•Nowthatyou'velistedyourstrengths,listyour

imperfections.Turnthepageinyourjournal.Putintowords

whyyoufeelunworthy,whyyoudon'tfeelgoodenough.

Now,readthesewordsbacktoyourself.40Turntoapage

inyourjournaltoyourlistofstrengthsandachievements.

Seehowawesomeyouare?

A.Feelingupsetagain?

B.Wheredoyoustart?

C.Nothingistoosmalltocelebrate.

D.Remember,youareonlyhuman.

ESetanintentionforself-acceptance.

F.Stopcomparingyourselfwithothers.

G.Whendoesthecomparisongamestart?

第三部分语言知识运用（共两节,满分45分）

第一节（共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四

个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Sinceourtwinsbeganlearningtowalk,mywifeandI

havekepttellingthemthatourslidingglassdoorisjusta

window.The41isobvious.Ifwe42itisadoor,they'll

wanttogooutside43.Itwilldriveuscrazy.Thekids

apparentlyknowthe44.Butourinsistingit's45awindow

haskeptthemfrom46millionsofrequeststoopenthedoor.

Ihatelyingtothekids.Onedaythey51147anddiscover

thateverythingthey'vealwaysknownaboutwindowsisa

41.

Iwonderif49shouldalwaystellthetruthnomatterthe

50.Ihaveaverystrong51thattheliewe'retellingisdoing

52damagetoourchildren.Windowsanddoorshave53

metaphorical（比喻）meanings.Fmtellingthemtheycan't

openwhattheyabsolutelyknowisadoor.Whatiflaterin

54theycometoametaphoricaldoor,likeanopportunity（机

会）ofsomesort,and55openingthedoorandtakingthe

opportunity,theyjust56itandwonder,“Whatifitisn't

adoor?”Thatis,“Whatifitisn'ta57

opportunity?^^

Maybeit'sanunreasonablefear.Butthe58isthatI

shouldn'tlietomykids.Ishouldjust59

repeatedlyhavingtosay,"No.Wecan'tgooutside

now.^^Thenwhentheycometootherdoorsinlife,bethey

realormetaphorical,theywon't60toopenthemandwalk

through.

41.A.reliefB.targetC.reasonD.case

42.A.admitB.believeCmeanD.realize

43.A.graduallyB.constantlyC.temporarilyD.casually

44.A.resultB.dangerC.methodD.truth

45.A.merelyB.slightlyC.hardlyD.partly

46.A.reviewingB.approvingC.receivingD.attempting

47.A.winoutB.giveupC.wakeupD.standout

48.A.dreamB.lieC.fantasyD.fact

49.A.parentsB.twinsC.colleaguesD.teachers

50.A.restrictionsB.explanationsC.differencesD.

consequences

51.A.demandB.fearC.desireD.doubt

52.A.physicalB.biologicalC.spiritualD.behavioral

53.AtraditionalB.importantC.doubleD.original

54.A.lifeB.timeC.replyD.history

55.A.bycomparisonwithB.inadditiontoC.regardless

ofD.insteadof

56.A.getholdofB.stareatC.knockonD.makeuseof

57.ArealB.typicalC.similarD.limited

58.A.safetyruleB.comfortzoneC.bottomlineD.top

secret

59.A.delayB.regretC.enjoyD.accept

60.A.hurryB.decideC.hesitateD.intend

第二节（共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内

单词的正确形式。

Chinahasbecomethefirstcountrytolandaspacecraft

onthefarsideofthemoon.TheunmannedChang'e-4probe

(探测器)—thenamewasinspiredbyanancientChinese

moongoddess—61(touch)downlastweekintheSouth

Pole-Aitkenbasin.Landingonthemoon'sfarsideis62

(extreme)challenging.Becausethemoon'sbodyblocks

directradiocommunicationwithaprobe,Chinafirsthadto

putasatelliteinorbitabovethemooninaspot63itcould

sendsignalstothespacecraftandtoEarth.Thefarsideof

themoonisofparticular64(interesting)toscientists

becauseithasalotofdeepcraters(环形山)，moreso65the

familiarnearside.Chineseresearchershopetousethe

instrumentsonboardChang,e-466(find)andstudyareasof

theSouthPole-Aitkenbasin."Thisreallyexcitesscientists,

CarlePieters,ascientistatBrownUniversity,says,

"becauseit67(mean)wehavethechancetoobtain

informationabouthowthemoon68(construct).Dataabout

themoon'scomposition,suchashow69iceandother

treasuresitcontains,couldhelpChinadecidewhether70(it)

plansforafuturelunar(月球的)basearepractical.

更多热点练习可以通过英语时文阅读，第一时间查看

国内外热点话题。

第四部分写作（共两节,满分35分）

第一节短文改错（共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修

改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中

最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修

改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(A),并在其下面写出

该加