2021届高考英语阅读之语法填空（六）

备战2021高考英语阅读之语法填空（六）

考点归纳:

分类:

实词：动词；名词；形容词；副词一括号中会给提示词

虚词：介词；连词；冠词；代词——括号中不会给提示词

词性修饰：

形容词：名词；代词

副词：动词；形容词；副词

名词考点：单复数；变形容词；变动词；所有格

1)some；several；different；many；more；lotsof..；oneof+(形容词最高级)+名词复

数

2)冠词+(形容词)+名词aredapple

3)代词+(形容词)+名词hiscutepet

4)数词+(形容词)+名词tworedapples

5)名词：age(shortage；marriage)；ness(sadness)；

ance/ence/ancy/ency(expectancy;tendency)

dom(freedom);er/or/ee/ress/ian/ist(employee/musician);tion;ment+al=adj;ity(responsibil

ity)

ship;ure(pressure)

动词考点：时态；语态；非谓语(todo；done；doing)；变形容词；名词

1)Be(v)思考方向：done；doing；adj(v/n)；todo为了；将要去(whatweshould

doistodo)

2)be+donet。do(v)sbbeaskedtodo

3)be+adjtodo(90%)/doing(10%)(v)belikelytodo/busy/useless/nouse/worth

4)be+adj/ed(v)+介词beinterestedin

形容词/副词：原级；比较级；最高级；副词

1)as+原级+as

2)much/even/whats/than/little/rather/far+比较级

3)多少好坏远

Many/much-more-mostlittle-less-least

Well/good-better-bestbad/ill-worse-worst

Far-farther/further(空间)-farthest/furthest

4)oneof+(形容词最高级)+名词复数ofall

5)变副词：形容词+ly二副词

副词：

1)adv(adj),

2)vadv(adj)adv(adj)+v

3)adjadv(adj)

4)adv(adj)+句子

介词：when/while+doing/ed

1)介词+doing(in/on/at/of/for/from/with/without/by/about/after/upon)

2)固定搭配：asaresultof

3)(be)ed+by+doing/反身代词/交通工具

冠词(a/an/the)

定(the)：一独；二双；三方；四级；五乐；六姓；七形；八山；九党；十序

不定：(a/an)

a+辅音音素aboyanhonestboyanhour

an+元音音素anappleausefulbookauniquebook

零冠词：泛指复数日三餐；球类运动季节前；星期月份节假日；抽象国名或语种

连词(and；but；so；or)

代词：主格；宾格；物主代词；反身代词

主格宾格形容词物代名词物反身代词

代

单数IMeMyMineMyself

第一人称

复数WeUsOurOursOurselves

单数YouYouYourYoursYourself

第二人称

复数YouYouYourYoursYourselves

单数HeHimHisHisHimself

单数SheHerHerHersHerself

第三人称

单数ItItItsItsItself

复数TheyThemTheirTheirsThemselves

从句：

定语从句(放在名词之后的从句)

引导词：关系代词：which/that/who/whom/as从句中缺少主语或宾语

关系副词：where；when；why；how从句中缺少状语

that和which的选择问题

适用于that情况11种

适用于which情况2种(非限定性定从；介词之后)

(A)

Thereisasayingthatgoes,“AllroadsleadtoRome.^^Roadswereessentialforthe

1.(grow)oftheRomanEmpire.TheseroadsenabledtheRomanstomovearmies

2.(efficient).Atitspeak,theRomanroadsystem3.(cover)53,000milesand

containedabout22links.TheRomansweregoodatconstructingtheseroads,4.were

calledviae(路).

PreparedviaebeganinhistoryasthestreetsofRome.TheLawoftheTwelveTables(十二铜

表法),5.(date)backtoapproximately410B.C.,explainsthataroadshallbe8feetwide

wherestraightand16feetwherecurved.AccordingtotheTables,Romansarecommanded

6.(build)roadsthatwouldnotneedfrequentrepair.

TheRomanshad7.preferencefbrstandardizationwhenevertheycould.Agolden

milestonewassetup.8thismilestonewerelistedallofthecitiesintheempireandthe

distancestothem.

Romanroads9.(consider)veryimportantinmaintainingboththestabilityandthe

expansionoftheempireatthattime.Evenafterover1,000years,theseroadsarestillused.During

thefalloftheRomanEmpire,thesameroadsofferedH).(avenue)ofinvasiontothe

foreigners.ThiscontributedtotheRomanmilitaryruin.

(B)

ChineseresearchershaveL(successful)grownandharvestedriceinthedesertsof

Dubaiafterdevelopingastrain(品种)which2.(allow)thecroptogrowinsaltwater.

Ateamofscientists,3.(lead)byChina's"FatherofHybridRice”,YuanLongping,

havealreadystartedgrowingthecropindilute(稀释的)seawaterathomeandarenowbringing

thetechniquetotheMiddleEast.

ThebigharvestofricelastyearinthesuburbsofDubaifarexceededscientists'expectations,

accordingtoareportbyXinhuaNewsAgency.Thehighoutput_7,100kilogramsperhectare

comparedwiththe4.(globe)averageof3,000kilogramsperhectare-hasencouraged

scientiststoexpandtheproject.They5.(plan)tosetupalOOhectareexperimentalfarm

inDubailaterlastyear.Theywillputitintoregularusethisyearandthenstartexpandingafter

2020.

TheDubaiprojectiscooperationbetweenChina'sSeaRiceResearchandDevelopment

CenterwiththePrivateOfficeofSheikhSaeedBinAhmedAlMaktoum.Thetwopartieshave

signedan6.(agree)topromoteseawaterriceacrosstheareatoreducetheriskoffood

shortagesinthefuture.

Whilescientistsinsomecountries7.watershortagesareaseriousconcernhave

beendevelopingdesalination(脱盐)techniquestochangeseawaterforuseinagriculture,China

hasbeenworking8.(develop)strainsofsalttolerantriceforthepastfourdecades.

Although9.isnotyetclearhowtheDubaiprojectwillbeabletosecureenough

freshwatertodiluteseawaterjOllargescalericeplanting,Chinesescientistshave

alreadystartedgrowingitclosertohomeonacommercialscale.

(C)

Beijingroastduck,whichishonoredasbyfarJL(delicious)dishintheworld,has

wonfamebothathomeandabroad.Nowadays,anincreasingnumberof2,(foreigner)

travelingtoBeijingfallinlovewith3..

Preparingqualityroastduck4,(be)along,complicatedprocessofmanysteps,

fromselectingtheduckatthebeginningto5.(serve)ittothedinersattheend.Eachstep

iscarefullytakentoguaranteetheroastduckisattractivein6.(appear),redincolor,

fragrant,andhotwiththinsteamwhenserved.Intherestaurant,ducksareroastedupontheorder

ofthediners.Afteraroastduckisready,itisbroughttothediners,infrontof7.achef

willskillfullyslicethejuicymeat,eachpiecewithwellcookedskin8.(attach).Youcan

diptheslicesofduckintosweetsauce(^),andwrapthemeatwithsomespringonionsinsidea

thinpancake,andonlythendoesonefinallytakeabite!Normally,theremainingbonesofthe

duck9.(cook)slowlyinacloseddishformakingdelicioussoup.Allgoeswellwith

wine,thusmakingthedinnerK).unforgettable"fullduckbanquet(宴席)

(D)

HaveyoueverwonderedLyouwoulddotosolvemathproblemsifyoudidn't

haveacalculatororcomputerorevenapencilandpaper?PeopleinChinahaveusedanancient

countingtool2.(perform)mathematicaloperations.TheChinesecalculatorsnameis

“suanpan”,butitisknown3."abacus“inEnglish.Theabacusisoneofthesymbolsof

Chinesepeople'swisdom4(date)backto600BC.Theabacushashadafar-reaching

influenceonscienceandtechnology,language,literature,art,architectureandmany5.

fieldsofChinaandevensomeareasoftheworld.Meanwhile,theabacushasaffectedpeople's

character,suchashonestyanddiligence.Forcenturies,thissimplecountingdevice6.

(pass)downthroughdifferentdynastieswithitsoriginaldesignandpurpose7.(actual)

unchanged.Thecalculationscanbemadeonitimmediately,withthedevicestoringtheresultsin

“visualstorage,,muchlikeacomputerdisplay.8.workingwithnumbers,anabacusis

practicallyfaster,sinceithasa9.(good)“keyboard“thantheWesterncalculators.

Anyway,thesmallabacushasmadeanoutstandingWL(contribute)inthefieldsof

humanintellectualdevelopment,justasthecomputerdoesintoday'ssociety.

(E)

WhenDebraMejeurandSteveMejeur,amiddle-agedcouplefromMichigan,werereunited

with1(they)dogLolaatDuPageCountyAnimalServicesonDecember5th,lastSaturday,

theyfeltliketheywereinadream.

Lolagot2.(lose)fromafencedyard3theMejeurswerevisitingafriendinElk

GroveVillagein2017.Thecouplereturnedforaboutamonth-hopingtofindadog4was

speciallytrained5(help)DebraMejeurincaseofaheartattack.TheMejeursposted

notices,gothelpfromvolunteersandhiredaprofessionalpetsearcher.Noluck.

DuPageCountyauthoritiesgotacalllastweek6acoupleinGlendaleHeights

who7(notice)Lolagoingintoaforestpreserveinthepastfewyears.Theyhadbeen

leavingfoodforthedogandearnedhertrust.

Fortunately,amicrochiprevealedLola's8(owner)."Istillhadanounceofhope,I

guess,butthemajorityofmewasthinkingshehadalreadycrossedtherainbowbridge.Iwasjust

9.(entire)shocked/DebraMejeursaid.

Lolawaggedhertailwhenshesmelledheroldblanket.Ofcourse,atpresent,noone

10(know)howthedogsurvivedforthreeyears."Ifonlyshecouldtalk,"DebraMejeur

said.

(F)

AsChinesepeoplecelebratetheSpringFestival,1timeforreunion,alostnational

treasurehasalsoreturnedhomeafterbeingstolenaboutacenturyago.ThelostBuddhaheadstatue

2(appear)duringtheSpringFestivalGalaofCCTVonThursday.Itwasitsfirstpublic

showcaseafterbeingsuccessfullyrepatriatedfromJapaninDecember.

Thehead,3datesbacktotheSuiDynasty,was9(origin)placedonthe

northernwallintheNo8TianlongshanGrottoes(石窟)ontheoutskirtsofTaiyuan,capitalof

Shanxiprovince,accordingtoa5(state)fromtheNationalCulturalHeritage

Administration.Itwasbelieved6(steal)andlostoverseasaround1924,alongwithabout

25Buddha7(image)thatwerelootedinthe1920s,initiatedbyaJapaneseantiquedealer.

AccordingtotheNationalCulturalHeritageAdministration,thissmilingBuddhawithtypical

artisticfeaturesof8(it)timestandsforextraordinarycraftsmanshipandhighacademic

values.Ithasbeentemporarilyrated9aLevel-1culturalrelic,thehighestratinginChina.

AfterbeingunveiledviatheSpringFestivalGala,theBuddhaheadstatuewillbedisplayedin

BeijingLuXunMuseumalongwithmanyvirtually10(exhibit)Tianlongshan“relics”.

参考答案：

A

1.growth考查词形转换。与该句中的定冠词“the”和“oF呼应可知，此处应用其名词

形式，即growth0

2.efficiently考查副词。修饰动词应用副词，故用副词efficiently修饰动词move。

3.covered考查动词的时态。与语境中的“contained”呼应可知，此处指的是发生在过

去的事情，故用一般过去时，即covered。

4.which考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中

作主语，修饰表示物的先行词theseroads,故用which。

5.dating考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，动词短语datebackto和句子主语The

LawoftheTwelveTables是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用date的现在分词形式dating。

6.tobuild考查非谓语动词。根据固定用法commandsb.todosth.“命令某人做某事”，

此处应用不定式作宾语补足语。

7.a考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处“preference”意为“偏爱”，可作可数名词，其前无

限定词修饰，且其发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。

8.On考查介词。根据语境可知，此处表示“在石碑上”，故用介词On。本句是一个

倒装句，即介词短语置于句首时，句子全部倒装。

9.wereconsidered考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，consider和句子主语

Romanroads构成被动关系，且与时间状语"atthattime”呼应可知，此处应用一般过去时的被

动语态，HPwereconsideredo

10.avenues考查名词的单复数。avenue是可数名词，且其前没有限定词修饰，故用

其复数形式。

B

1.successfully考查副词。修饰动词用副词，根据空后的“grownandharvested”可知，

此处应用副词successfully。

2.allows考查时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，此处叙述一般的情况，故应用一般

现在时；空前的“which”引导的是定语从句，which在从句中作主语，指代先行词astrain,

为第三人称单数，故填allows。

3.led考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，动词lead和其逻辑主语Ateamofscientists

之间为动宾关系，故此处应用过去分词短语作后置定语。

4.global考查形容词。根据空前的"the"和空后的"average”可知，此处应用形容词global

作名词average的定语。

5.planned考查动词的时态。根据本句中的“laterlastyear”可知，此处应用一般过去时，

表示发生在过去的动作。

6.agreement考查词形转换。根据语境以及空前的“an”可知，此处应用agree的名词

形式agreement。

7.where考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词countries,

关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以此处应用where来引导该从句。

8.todevelop考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，过去四十年，中国一直致力于开发抗

盐的水稻，此处表示目的，故填todevelop。

9.it考查代词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用it作形式主语，how引导的从句作真

正的主语。

10.for考查介词。根据语境可知，此处表示稀释海水是为了大规模种植水稻，故用

介词for“为了”。

C

1.themostdelicious考查形容词最高级。根据句中的"intheworld”和语境可推知,

空处表示最高级的含义，所以填themostdelicious»

2.foreigners考查名词的单复数。foreigner是可数名词，且与"anincreasingnumberof"

呼应，所以填复数形式foreigners。

3.it考查代词。此处用it代指上文提到的“Beijingroastduck”。

4.is考查主谓一致和时态。动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用单数，且本句表示客观

描述，所以填is。

5.serving考查非谓语动词。根据固定词组搭配from...to...“从……到……”可知，此

处应填动名词serving作介词to的宾语。

6.appearance考查词形转换。分析句子并根据语境可知，空处应为名词，作介词in

的宾语,所以填appearance"外观"。

7.whom考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处引导定语从句，修饰先行词“the

diners”,空处在从句中作介词短语infrontof的宾语。故填whom。

【知识储备】在定语从句中，介词后跟关系代词which还是whom主要由先行词决定，

如果先行词指物则用which,指人则用whom,而不是看到介词就直接用which。考生在做

题时，需仔细审题，才能提高准确率。

8.attached考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处是一个with复合结构，即“with

+名词/代词+形容词/副词/介词短语/分词”。动词attach和skin构成逻