2022年福建省厦门市第二十中学高一英语月考试卷含解析

2022年福建省厦门市第二十中学高一英语月考试卷含解析一、选择题1.—WhydoyousuggestMountLu?—Ibelieve_____beautyofnaturetherewillmake

excellentimpressionuponyou.

A./,an

B.the,the

C.a,the

D.the,an参考答案：D略2.Themeetingsareveryshort,sothereislittle_____tohavearealdiscussion.A.challenge

B.change

C.chance

D.chapter参考答案：C3.—Whataretheytalkingabout?—Theirtopicis______WushushouldbeenteredintotheOlympics.A.if

B.that

C.whether

D.what参考答案：C略4.Damagecausedbyfloodinginthecounty______byagovernmentofficial,andthetotallosswillbereportednextMonday.A.isinspected

B.isbeinginspectedC.hadinspected

D.hadbeeninspected参考答案：B33.______the90thbirthdayofourparty,wehaveheldallkindsofactivities.

A.Infavorof

B.Incaseof

C.InhonorofD.Intermsof参考答案：C略6.________thesingergoes，peopleseemtorecognizeher.A．Though

B．However

C．Everywhere

D．Unless参考答案：C[everywhere在此作连词，引导地点状语从句。]7.Shelooksmucholderthanherage_____tenyears’hardwork.A.because

B.becauseof

C.since

D.for参考答案：B8.Theyellowhouse______windowsfacesouthistheplace____Ispentmychildhood.A.whose;that

B.whose;where

C.which;where

D.where;which参考答案：B9.

Fatherwas_____busyinworking_____heoftenforgotrestormeals.A.very,that

B.so,that

C.such,as

D.enough,as参考答案：B10.Mr.Carterishonest;heprefers____thetruthto____.A.speaking;lying

B.tospeak;lie

C.tospeaking;lying

D.tospeaking;lie参考答案：A11.Wecollectedalotofbookstogetthenecessaryinformationbutonlyhalf_________helpful,sowefailedtofinishthework.A.is

B.are

C.was

D.were参考答案：D略12.Youarealwaysfullof______.Canyoutellmethesecret?

Takingplentyofexerciseeveryday.

A.power

B.strength

C.force

D.energy参考答案：D13.Hurryup!Ifwemiss

lastbus,we’llhavetogohomeby

taxi.A.the;the

B.the;a

C.the;不填

D.a;不填参考答案：C14.Allthepolicemenhavebeentrainedto________themselvesagainstthesuddenattacks.A.fight B.dress C.defend D.balance参考答案：C【详解】考查动词词义辨析及动词短语。句意：所有的警察都已经被训练保护自己不受突然攻击的伤害。A.fight斗争；B.dress打扮；C.defend保护；防守；D.balance平衡；动词短语defendsbagainststh意为“保护某人免受……的伤害”，符合本句上下文语境。故C项正确。【点睛】本题考查了动词defend用法，defend的基本意思是避开危险和进攻以保证安全,指使用某种方法避开实际的威胁或击退实际的攻击。引申可指坚持、捍卫某种行动、意见、决定或捍卫某种原则的纯洁性。defend可用作不及物动词，也可用作及物动词，用作及物动词时，接名词、代词或that从句作宾语。偶尔也可接双宾语,可用于被动结构。defend常与against连用表示“防守,捍卫”;与from连用表示“保护…以防,使…免遭危害”。defend用作动词的用法例句：Someplayersarebetteratdefending.有些运动员较擅长打防卫。Theunionsaidthattheywouldtakeactiontodefendtheirmember'sjobs.工会说他们将采取行动维护会员的工作权益。HewasafraidofbeingattackedbyLiuBeiandSunQuan,sohesentatrooptodefendJingzhou.他害怕刘备和孙权继续向他进攻,派人在荆州防守。15.—Howmanyteachersarepartymembersinyourschool?—Partmembers___________________onefifthofthenumberoftheteachersinourschool.A.takeup

B.makeup

C.setup

D.fixup参考答案：A16.--I’msurprisedtohearthatSueandPaul

thisweek.

--SoamI.TheyseemedveryhappytogetherwhenIlastsawthemthreemonthsago.

A.brokeup

B.brokedown

C.brokeaway

D.brokein参考答案：A二、完型填空17.Ifyoudropa12-poundcannonball（炮弹）overthesideofaship,howlongwillittakeforittoreachthebottomoftheoceanoftheMarianaTrench?ThequestionabovewasanexampleofwhatscientistscallFermiproblem,named36NobelPrize-winningphysicistEnricoFermi,whousedproblemslikethistoteachhisstudentshowtothinkforthemselves.AFermiproblemdoesnot37alltheinformationyouneedtosolveitprecisely.Whatdoesthishavetodowithbusinessorcreativity?Agreatdeal.Intherealworld,wefrequentlyneedtomakedecisionswhenthe38ofinformationdoesnotexist.Mostoftentheremaynotbethetimeorthemoneytomakesureofallyour39,soyourbestguesswilloftenbethebestyoucando.Fermiissaidtohaveonceaskedhisuniversitystudentshowmanypianotuners（调音师）therewereinChicago.Toanswerthequestion,herecommended40itdownintosmaller,more41questions,andthenhavingthe42tomakesomeguessesandassumptions.HowmanypeopleliveinChicago?Threemillionwouldbeareasonableestimate.Howmanypeopleperfamily?Assumea/an43offour.Howmanyfamiliesownpianos?44oneoutofthree.Thenthereareabout250,000pianosinChicago.45wouldeachbetuned?Maybeonceeveryfiveyears.That4650,000tuningsayear.Howmanypianoscanonetunertuneinaday?Four?Andhowmanyinayear?Assuming250workingdays,onetunercan471,000pianosayear.Sothere’sworkfor4850pianotunersinChicago--which,asitturnsout,is49closetotheactualnumberintheYellowPages.Whywasguessworksoaccurate?Thelawofaveragesispartly50.Atanypoint,yourassumptionsmaybetoohighortoolow.Butbecauseofthelawofaverages,yourmistakes,willfrequentlybalanceout.36.A.before B.as C.like D.after37.A.contain B.employ C.mean D.occupy38.A.complete B.entire C.whole D.full39.A.minds B.selections C.dreams D.decisions40.A.slowing B.breaking C.getting D.taking41.A.available B.manageable C.believable

D.comfortable42.A.courage B.ability C.inspiration D.desire43.A.amount B.size C.average D.number44.A.Think B.Guess C.Say D.Hope45.A.Howmany B.Howmuch C.Howlong D.Howoften46.A.becomes B.makes C.turns D.gets47.A.handle B.fix C.repair D.install48.A.appropriately B.exactly C.approximately D.almost49.A.narrowly B.reasonably C.normally D.properly50.A.reliable B.sensible C.correct D.responsible参考答案：36-40.DACDB

41-45.BACCD

46-50.BACBD36．D考查固定短语。nameafter以……命名。本处namedafterNobelPrize-winningphysicistEnricoFermi作名词Fermiproblem的定语。故选D。

37．A考查动词辨析。contain含有；employ雇佣；mean打算；occupy占据。这样的问题不含有全部的信息，与第二段中的“whenthe

ofinformationdoesnotexist.”呼应。故选A。

38．C考查上下文呼应。本处与第二段中的“AFermiproblemdoesnot

alltheinformationyouneedtosolveitprecisely.”呼应，应用“完整的（whole）”与all对应。故选C。

39．D考查名词辨析。mind想法；selection选择；dream梦想；decision决定。本处与上文“wefrequentlyneedtomakedecisions”呼应，应选D。

40．B考查固定短语。根据下文，他建议把问题分解成一个个的小的、易管理的部分。breakdown分解。故选B。

41．B考查形容词辨析。available可获得的，可利用的；manageable易管理的；believable可信的；comfortable舒适的。他建议把问题分解成一个个的小的、易管理的部分。故选B。

42．A考查名词辨析。courage勇气；ability能力；inspiration激励；desire愿望。然后有勇气进行猜测和假设。故选A。

43．C考查名词辨析。根据上句的“perfamily”，可知本处应为“假设平均有四个人”，与最后一段中的“Thelawofaverages”相呼应。average平均。故选C。

44．C考查上下文呼应。根据上句的“Assumea/an

offour”，可知本处含义为“假设”，say假设。故选C。

45．D考查疑问词辨析。根据下句的“Maybeonceeveryfiveyears.”，可知应用howoften（多久一次）提问频率。故选D。

46．B考查动词辨析。那就成了一年需要五万次的调试。make形成，成了……的结果。故选B。

47．A考查语境。一位调音师一年能处理大约1000架钢琴。handle处理；本处用它代替前文的“tune（调试）”。故选A。

48．C考查副词辨析。appropriately适当地；exactly确切地；approximately大约；almost几乎，差不多。大约50个钢琴师。故选C。

49．B考查副词辨析。narrowly狭窄地，危险地；reasonably合理地；normally正常地；properly正确地。猜测的结果比较合理，接近实际的结果。故选B。

50．D考查形容词辨析。为什么猜得这么准确，平均法则是其原因。responsible负责的。故选D。【备注】本文举例说明了以诺贝尔奖得主、物理学家EnricoFermi的名字命名的“Enrico”问题及其解决办法。三、阅读理解18.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Whatwillpeopledieof100yearsfromnow?Ifyouthinkthatisasimplequestion,youhavenotbeenpayingattentiontotherevolutionthatistakingplaceinbio-technology.Withthehelpofnewmedicine,thehumanbodywilllastaverylongtime.Deathwillcomemainlyfromaccidents,murderandwar.Today’sleadingkillers,suchasheartdisease,cancer,andagingitself,willbecomedistantmemories.Indiscussionoftechnologicalchanges,theInternetgetsmostoftheattentionthesedays.Butthechangeinmedicinecanbetherealtechnologicaleventofourtimes.Howlongcanhumanslive,Humanbrainswereknowntodecidethefinaldeath.Cells(细胞)arethebasicunitsofalllivingthings,anduntilrecently,scientistsweresurethatthelifeofcellscouldnotgomuchbeyond120yearsbecausethebasicmaterialsofcells,suchasthoseofbraincells,wouldnotlastforever.Buttheupperlimitswillbebrokenbynewmedicine.Sometimebetween2050and2100,medicinewillhaveadvancedtothepointatwhichevery10yearsorso,peoplewillbeabletotakemedicinerepairtheirorgans(器官).Themedicine,madeupofthebasicbuildingmaterialsoflife,willbuildnewbraincells,heartcells,andsoon—inmuchthesamewayourbodiesmakenewskincellstotaketheplaceofoldones.Itisexcitingtoimaginethattheadvanceintechnologymaybechangingthemostbasicconditionofhumanexistence,butmanytechnicalproblemsstillmustbecleareduponthewaytothiswonderfulfuture.73.Accordingtothepassage,humandeathisnowmainlycausedby_______.A.diseasesandaging

B.accidentssadwarC.accidentsandaging

D.heartdiseaseandwar74.Intheauthor’sopinion,today’smostimportantadvanceintechnologyliesin_______.A.medicine

B.theInternet

C.braincells

D.humanorgans75.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat_______.A.humanlifewillnotlastmorethan120yearsinthefutureB.humanshavetotakemedicinetobuildnewskincellsnowC.muchneedstobedonebeforehumanscanhavealongerlifeD.wehavealreadysolvedthetechnicalproblemsinbuildingnewcells参考答案：AAC19.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。HenryFordwasthefirstpersontobuildcarswhichwerecheap，strongandfast．Hewasabletosellmillionsofmodelsbecausebecouldproducetheminlargenumbersatatime；thatis，hemadeagreatmanycarsofexactlythesamekind．Ford’sfatherhopedthathissonwouldbecomeafarmer，buttheyoungmandidnotliketheideaandhewenttoDetroit（底特律）whereheworkedasamechanic（机械师）．Bytheage