2019年6月大学英语六级考试真题及参考答案(全三套)

案(第1套)PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayontheimportanceofmotivationandmethodsinlearning.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.【参考范文】Asanoldsayinggoes,knowledgecanchangeone'slife.Inordertoacquireknowledge,wehavetostudyhard.However,itcannotbeignoredthateffectivelearningneedsbothmotivationandscientificmethods.It'snotdifficultforustocomeupwithseveralpossiblereasonsaccountingforthisperspective.Inthefirstplace,learningisakindofseriousandhardwork.Therefore,noteveryoneisabletokeepgoingwithoutcertaininternalmotivations.Besides,scientificmethodsplayasignificantroleinimprovinglearningefficiency.Manyofusbelievethatthelongeryoustudy,thebettergradesyouwillget.Butalotofexperiencesofourclassmatesprovethatthisviewisnotentirelycorrect.Indetails,studyingforalongtimeisexhaustinganditisverylikelytodecreasestudyefficiency,whichiscriticaltoacademicperformance.Fromwhathasbeenmentionedabove,wecaneasilydrawaconclusionthattheimportanceofmotivationandmethodsinlearningisself-evident.Anditisnecessaryforustodevelopgoodlearningmethods.【参考范文译文】俗话说，知识能改变命运。因此，为了获得知识，我们必须努力学习。然而，不可忽略的是，有效的学习既离不开学习动力的存在，也离不开科学的学习方法。不难列举上述观点的原因。首先，学习是一件严肃且困难的事。因此，不是每个人都能在没有某种内在动机的情况下一直继续。此外，科学的方法在提高学习效率方面发挥着重要的作用。我们当中有不少人都认为，学习的时间越长，成绩就会越好。但是我们周边同学的很多经历证明这个观点并不完全正确。具体来说，长时间的学习是累人的，因此它很可能会降低学习效率，而学习效率对于学业成绩来说却是至关重要的。综上所述，我们可以很容易就得出如下结论：学习动机和方法的重要性是不言而喻的，因此我们非常有必要形成良好的学习方法。PartllListeningComprehension(30minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA)，B)，C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)whyRomanHolidaywasmorefamousthanBreakfastatTiffany's.whyAudreyHepburnhadmorefemalefansthanmaleones.WhythewomanwantedtobelikeAudreyHepburn.whysomanygirlsadoredAudreyHepburn.A)Heruniquepersonality.Herphysicalcondition.Hershiftofinteresttoperformingarts.Herfamily'ssuspensionoffinancialaid.A)Shewasnotanoutgoingperson.ShewasmodestandhardworkingShewaseasy-goingonthewhole.Shewasusuallynotveryoptimistic.A)Shewasinfluencedbytherolessheplayedinthefilms.Herparentstaughthertosymbolizewiththeneedy.Shelearnedtovolunteerwhenshewasachild.C)Byexploringvariouschannelsofcommunication.C)Byexploringvariouschannelsofcommunication.Herfamilybenifitedfromotherpeople'shelp.Questions5to8arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.A)Giveapresentation.Risesomequestions.Startanewcompany.Ateedaboardmeeting.A)Itwillcutproductioncosts.Itwillraiseproductivities.Nostaffwilllbedismissed.Nonewstaffwillbehired.7.Thetimelineofrestructuring.Thereasonsforrestructuring.Thecommunicationchannels.Thecompany'snewmissions.8.Byconsultingtheirowndepartmentmanagers.Byemailingquestionstothemanorthewoman.D)Byvisitingthecompany'sowncomputernetwork.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwopassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA)，B)，andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions9to11arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.9.Ithelpspassengerstotakecareoftheirpetanimals.Ithasanimalstohelppassengerscarrytheirlanguage.Itusestherapyanimalstosoothenervouspassengers.Itallowspassengerstohaveanimaltravelwiththem.10.Avoidingpossibledangers.Findingtheirwayaround.Identifyingdrugsmugglers.Lookingaftersickpassengers.11.Scheduletheirflightsaroundtheanimalvisits.Photographthetherapyanimalsattheairport.Keepsomeanimalsfortherapeuticpurposes.Bringtheiranimalsonboardtheirplane.Questions12to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.12.BesideabeautifullypaintedwallinArles.BesidethegateofanancientRomancity.AtthesiteofanancientRomanmansion.AttheentrancetoareceptionhallinRome.A)Anumberofdifferentimages.B)Anumberofmythologicalheroes.C)Variousmusicalinstruments.D)PaintingsbyfamousFrenchartists.A)Theoriginalityandexpertiseshown.B)Theworldlysophisticationdisplayed.C)Thestunningimagesvividlydepicted.D)Theimpressiveskillsandcostlydyes.A)Hisartistictasteissuperb.B)Hisidentityremainsunclear.C)Hewasacollectorofantiques.D)HewasarichItalianmerchant.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreerecordingsoflecturesortalksfollowedbythreeorfourquestions.Therecordingswillbeplayedonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.A)Theyencourageinternationalcooperation.Theylaystressonbasicscientificresearch.Theyplacegreatemphasisonempiricalstudies.Theyfavourscientistsfromitsmembercountries.A)Manyofthemwishtowininternationalrecognition.Theybelievethatmorehandswillmakelightwork.Theywanttofollowcloselytheinternationaltrend.D)Manyoftheirprojectshavebecomecomplicated.A)Itrequiresmathematicianstoworkindependently.Itisfacedwithmanyunprecedentedchallenges.Itlagsbehindotherdisciplinesincollaboration.D)Itcallsformoreresearchfundingtocatchup.Questions19to21arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.A)ScientiststriedtosendaballoontoVenus.ScientistsdiscoveredwateronVenus.ScientistsfoundVenushadatmosphere.D)ScientistsobservedVenusfromaspacevehicle.A)ItresemblesEarthinmanyaspects.Itisthesameasfictionhasportrayed.Itisaparadiseofromanceforalienlife.ItundergoesgeologicalchangeslikeEarth.A)Itmighthavebeenhotterthanitistoday.Itmighthavebeenacozyhabitatforlife.ItusedtohavemorewaterthanEarth.Itusedtobecoveredwithrainforests.Questions22to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.A)Causesofsleeplessness.Cross-culturalcommunication.Culturalpsychology.Motivationandpositivefeelings.A)Theyattachgreatimportancetosleep.B)Theyoftenhavetroublefallingasleep.C)Theypaymoreattentiontosleepefficiency.TheygenerallysleeplongerthanEastAsians.A)Byaskingpeopletoreporttheirsleephabits.B)Byobservingpeople'ssleeppatternsinlabs.C)Byhavingpeoplewearmotion-detectingwatches.Byvideotapingpeople'sdailysleepingprocesses.A)Ithasmaderemarkableprogressinthepastfewdecades.B)Ithasnotyetexploredthecross-culturalaspectofsleep.C)Ithasnotyetproducedanythingconclusive.Ithasattachedattentionallovertheworld.【参考答案】1-5DBADA6-10CBBCB11-15ACADD16-20ADCBA21-25CCDCBPart皿ReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions26to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Pastaisnolongeroffthemenu,afteranewreviewofstudiessuggestedthatthecarbohydratecanformpartofahealthydiet,andevenhelppeopleloseweight.Foryears,nutritionistshaverecommendedthatpastabekepttoa26,tocutcalories,preventfatbuild-upandstopbloodsugar27up.Thelow-carbohydratefoodmovementgavebirthtosuchdietsastheAtkins,PaleoandKeto,whichadvisedswappingfoodslikebread,pastaandpotatoesforvegetables,fishandmeat.Morerecentlythetrendofswappingspaghettiforvegetableshasbeen28byclean-eatingexperts.Butnowa29reviewandanalysisof30studiesbyCanadianresearchersfoundthatnotonlydoespastanotcauseweightgain,butthreemealsaweekcanhelppeopledropmorethanhalfakilogramoverfourmonths.Thereviewersfoundthatpastahadbeenunfairlydemonized(妖魔化)becauseithadbeen30inwithother,moreft-promotingcarbohydrates.“Thestudyfoundthatpastadidn't3toweightgainorincreaseinbodyfat,”saidleadauthorDrJohnSievenpiper.“In32thevidence,wecannowsaywithsomeconfidencethatpastadoesnothavean33effectonbodyweighoutcomeswhenitisconsumedaspartofahealthydietarypattern.”Infact,analysisactuallyshowedasmallweighloss34toconcerns.perhapspastacanbepartofahealthydietThoseinvolvedinthe35trialsonaverageate3.3servingsofpastaaweekinsteadofothercarbohydrates,oneservingequalingaroundhalf

acup.Theylostaroundhalfakilogramoveranaveragefollow-upof12weeks.A)adverseB)championedC)clinicalD)contraryE)contributeF)intimateG)lumpedH)magnifiedI)minimumJ)radiatingK)rationL)shootingM)subscribeN)systematicO)weighing26-30KLBNG31-35EOADCSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.TheBestRetailersCombineBricksandClicksA）Retailprofitsarefallingsharply.Storesareclosing.Mallsareemptying.Thedepressingstoriesjustkeepcoming.ReadingtheearningsannouncementsoflargeretailstoreslikeMacy's,Nordstrom,andTargetisaboutasupliftingasatourofanintensivecareunit.Theinteractisapparentlytakingdownyetanotherindustry.Brickandmortarstores（实体店）seemtobegoingthewayoftheyellowpages.Sureenough,theCensusBureaujustreleaseddatashowingthatonlineretailsalessurged15.2percentbetweenthefirstquarterof2015andthefirstquarterof2016.B）Butbeforeyoudumpallofyourretailstocks,therearemorefactsyoushouldconsider.Lookingonlyatthat15.2percent"surge"wouldbemisleading.Itwasanincreasethatwasonasmallbaseof6.9percent.Evenwhenatinynumbergrowsbyalargepercentageterms,itisoftenstilltiny.C）Morethan20yearsaftertheinternetwasopenedtocommerce,theCensusBureautellsusthatbrickandmortarsalesaccountedfor92.3percentofretailsalesinthefirstquarterof2016.Theirdatashowthatonly0.8percentofretailsalesshiftedfromofflinetoonlinebetweenthebeginningof2015and2016.D）So,despiteallthetalkaboutdrone（无人机）deliveriestoyourdoorstep,alltheretailexecutivesexpressinganxietyoverconsumersgoingonline,andevenaPresidentialcandidateexclaimingthatAmazonhasa"hugeantitrustproblem,"theCensusdatasuggestthatphysicalretailisthriving.Ofcourse,theclosedstores,depressedexecutives,andsinkingstockssuggestotherwise.What'stherealstory?E）Manyfirmsoperatingbrickandmortarstoresareintrouble.Theretailindustryisgettingreinvented,aswedescribeinournewbookMatchmakers.It'sstandinginthePathofwhatSchumpetercalledagale（大风）ofcreativedestruction.Thatstormhasbeenbrewingforsometime,andasithasreachedgaleforce,mostlargeretailersaresearchingforaresponse.AstheCFOofMacy'sputitrecently,“We'refranklyscratchingourheads.”Butit'snothappeningasexpertspredicted.Ibubble,brickandmortarretailwasoneofthoseindustriestheinternetwasgoingtokill-andquickly.Thedot.cornbustdiscreditedmostpredictionsofthatsortandintheyearsthatfollowed,onventionalretailers'confidenceinthefutureincreasedasCensuscontinuedtoreportweakonlinesales.Andthenthegalehit.Itisbecomingincreasinglyclearthatretailreinventionisn'tasimplebattletothedeathbetweenbricksandclicks.Itisaboutdevisingretailmodelsthatworkforpeoplewhoaremakingincreasinguseofagrowingarrayofinternet-connectedtoolstochangehowtheysearch,shop,andbuy.Creativeretailersareusingthenewtechnologiestoinnovatejustabouteverythingstoresdofrommanaginginventory,tomarketing,togettingpaid.Morethandronesdroppinganewsupplyofunderwearonyourdoorstep,Apple'smassivelysuccessfulbrick-and-mortar-and-glassretailstoresandAmazon'ssmallstepsinthesamedirectionarewhatshouldkeepold-fashionedretailersawakeatnight.Nottomentionthelargenumberofcreativenewretailers,likeBonobos,thatareblendingonlineandofflineexperiencesincreativeways.Retailreinventionisnotasimpleprocess,andit'salsonothappeningonwhatusedtobecalled"InternetTime."Someinternet-drivenchangeshavehappenedquickly,ofcourse.Craigslistquicklyovertooknewspaperclassifiedadsandturnednewspapereconomicsupsidedown.Butmanywidelyanticipatedchangesweren'tquick,andsomehaven'treallystarted.Withthebenefitofhindsight(后见之明),itlooksliketheinteractwilltransformtheeconomyatsomethinglikethepaceofothergreatinventionslikeelectricity.B2Bcommerce,forexample,didn'tmovemainlyonlineby2005asmanyhadpredictedin2000,norevenby2016,butthatdoesn'tmeanitwon'tdosooverthenextfewdecades.Butthegaleisstillblowing.Thesuddendeclineinfoottrafficinrecentyears,eventhoughithasn'tbeenaccompaniedbyamassivedeclineinphysicalsales,isacriticalwarning.Peoplecanshopmoreefficientlyonlineandthereforedon'tneedtogotoasmanystorestofindwhattheywant.There'sasurplusofphysicalshoppingspaceforthecrowds,whichisonereasonwhystoresaredownsizingandclosing.Theriseofthemobilephonehasrecentlyaddedanewlevelofcomplexitytotheprocessofretailreinvention.Evenfiveyearsagomostpeoplefacedachoice.Sitatyourcomputer,probablyathomeorattheoffice,searchandbrowse,andbuy.Orheadouttothemall,orMainStreet,lookandshop,andbuy.Now,justabouteveryonehasasmartphone,connectedtotheinternetalmosteverywherealmostallthetime.Evenwhenaretailergetsacustomertowalkinthestore,shecaneasilyseeifthere'sabetterdealonlineoratanotherstorenearby.Sofar,themainthingmanylargeretailershavedoneinresponsetoallthisistoopenonlinestores,sopeoplewillcometothemdirectlyratherthantoAmazonanditssmalleronlinerivals．Manyarehavingthesameproblemthatnewspapershave.Eveniftheygetonlinetraffic,theystruggletomakeenoughmoneyonlinetocompensateforwhattheyarelosingoffline.Afewseemtobemakingthiswork．Amonglargetraditionalretailers,Walmartrecentlyreportedthebestresults,leadingitsstockpricetosurge,whileMacy's,Target,andNordstrom'sdropped.YetWalmart'syear-over-yearonlinesalesonlygrew7percent,leadingitsCEOtolament(哀叹),“Growthhereistooslow．”PartoftheproblemisthatalmosttwodecadesafterAmazonfiledtheon．eclickpatent,theonlineretailshoppingandbuyingexperienceisfilledwithfrictions．Arecentstudygradedmorethan600internetretailersonhoweasyitwasforconsumerstoshop,buy,andpay．Almosthalfofthesitesdidn'tgetapassinggradeandonly18percentgotanAorB．TheturmoilonthegroundinphysicalretailishardtosquarewiththeCensusdata．Unfortunately,partoftheexplanationisthattheCensusretaildataareunreliable．Ourdeep100kintothosedataandtheirpreparationrevealedseriousproblems．ItseemslikelythatCensussimplymisclassifiesalargechunkofonlinesales．ItiscertainthattheCensusprocedures,whichlumptheonlinesalesofmajortraditionalretailerslikeWalmartwith“non-storeretailers"1ikefoodtrucks．canmaskmajorchangesinindividualretailcategories．Thebureaucouldeasilypresenttheirdatainmoreusefulways．buttheyhavechosennotto.Despitetheturmoil,brickandmortarwon'tdisappearanytimesoon．Thebigquestionsarewhich,ifany,ofthelargetraditionalretailerswillstillbeonthesceneinadecadeortwobecausetheyhavesuccessfullyreinventedthemselves,whichnewplayerswilloperatebusystoresonMainStreetsandmaybeeveninshoppingmalls,andhowtheshoppingandbuyingexperiencewillhavechangedineachretailcategory.Investorsshouldn'twriteoffbrickandmortar.Whethertheyshouldbetonthetraditionalplayerswhorunthosestoresnowisanothermatter36.Althoughonlineretailinghasexistedforsometwentyyears,nearlyhalfoftheinternetretailersstillfailtoreceivesatisfactoryfeedbackfromconsumers,accordingtoarecentsurvey．37.Innovativeretailersintegrateinternettechnologieswithconventionalretailingtocreatenewretailmodels．38.DespitewhattheCensusdatasuggest,thevalueofphysicalretail'sstockshasbeendropping．39.Innovative—drivenchangesintheretailindustrydidn'ttakeplaceasquicklyaswidelyanticipated．Statisticsindicatethatbrickandmortarsalesstillmadeupthelion'sshareoftheretailbusiness.Companiesthatsuccessfullycombineonlineandofflinebusinessmodelsmayprovetobeabigconcernfortraditionalretailers.Brickandmortarretailers'faithintheirbusinesswasstrengthenedwhenthedotcombubbleburst.Despitethetremendouschallengesfromonlineretailing,traditionalretailingwillbeheretostayforquitesometime.Withtheriseofonlinecommerce,physicalretailstoresarelikelytosufferthesamefateasitheyellowpages.Thewideuseofsmartphoneshasmadeitmorecomplexfortraditionalretailerstoreinventtheirbusiness.36-40MGDIC41-45HFOAKSectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.ProfessorStephenHawkinghaswarnedthatthecreationofpowerfulartifcialintelligence(AI)willbe“eitherthebest,ortheworstthing,evertohappentohumanity”,andpraisedthecreationofanacademicinstitutededicatedtoresearchingthefutureofintelligenceas“crucialtothefutureofourcivilisationandourspecies”.HawkingwasspeakingattheopeningoftheLeverhulmeCentrefortheFutureofIntelligence(LCFI)atCambridgeUniversity,amultidisciplinaryinstitutethatwillattempttotacklesomeoftheopen-endedquestionsraisedbytherapidpaceofdevelopmentinAIresearch.“Wespendagreatdealoftimestudyinhistory,”Hawkingsaid,“which,let'sfaceit,ismostlythehistoryofstupidity.Soit;sawelcomechangethatpeoplearestudyinginsteadthefutureofintelligence.”Whiletheworld-renownedphysicisthasoftenbeencautiousaboutAI,raisingconcernsthathumanitycouldbethearchitectofitsowndestructionifitcreatesasuper-intelligencewithawillofitsown,hewasalsoquicktohighlightthepositivesthatAIresearchcanbring.“Thepotentialbenefitsofcreatingintelligencearehuge,”hesaid.“WecannotpredictwhatwemightachievewhenourownmindsareamplifiedbyAI.Perhapswiththetoolsofthisnewtechnologicalrevolution,wewillbeabletoundosomeofthedamagedonetothenaturalworldbythelastone-industrialisation.Andsurelywewillaimtofinallyeradicatediseaseandpoverty.Andeveryaspectofourliveswillbetransformed.Inshort,successincreatingAIcouldbethebiggesteventinthehistoryofourcivilization.”HuwPrice,thecentre'sacademicdirectorandtheBertrandRussellprofessorofphilosophyatCambridgeUniversity,whereHawkingisalsoanacademic,saidthatthecentrecameaboutpartiallyasaresultoftheuniversity'sCentreforExistentialRisk.Thatinstituteexaminedawiderrangeofpotentialproblemsforhumanity,whiletheLCFIhasanarrowfocus.AIpioneerMargaretBoden,professorofcognitivescienceattheUniversityofSussex,praisedtheprogressofsuchdiscussions.Asrecentlyas2009,shesaid,thetopicwasn'ttakenseriously,evenamongAIresearchers.“AIishugelyexciting,”shesaid,“butithaslimitations,whichpresentgravedangersgivenuncriticaluse.”TheacademiccommunityisnotaloneinwarningaboutthepotentialdangersofAIaswellasthepotentialbenefits.Anumberofpioneersfromthetechnologyindustry,mostfamouslytheentrepreneurElonMusk,havealsoexpressedtheirconcernsaboutthedamagethatasuper-intelligentAIcoulddotohumanity.WhatdidStephenHawkingthinkofartificialintelligence?Itwouldbevitaltotheprogressofhumancivilisation.Itmightbeablessingoradisasterinthemaking.Itmightpresentchallengesaswellasopportunities.Itwouldbeasignificantexpansionofhumanintelligence.WhatdidHawkingsayaboutthecreationoftheLCFI?ItwouldacceleratetheprogressofAIresearch.ItwouldmarkastepforwardintheAIindustry.Itwasextremelyimportanttothedestinyofhumankind.Itwasanachievementofmulti-disciplinarycollaboration.WhatdidHawkingsaywasawelcomechangeinAIresearch?Theshiftofresearchfocusfromthepasttothefuture.Theshiftofresearchfromtheorytoimplementation.ThegreateremphasisonthenegativeimpactofAI.Theincreasingawarenessofmankind'spaststupidity.WhatconcernsdidHawkingraiseaboutAI?Itmayexceedhumanintelligencesoonerorlater.Itmayultimatelyover-amplifythehumanmind.Super-intelligencemaycauseitsowndestruction.Super-intelligencemayeventuallyruinmankind.Whatdowelearnaboutsomeentrepreneursfromthetechnologyindustry?Theyaremuchinfluencedbytheacademiccommunity.TheyaremostlikelytobenefitfromAIdevelopment.TheysharethesameconcernsaboutAIasacademics.TheybelievetheycankeepAIunderhumancontrol.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Themarketforproductsdesignedspecificallyforolderadultscouldreach$30billionbynextyear,andstartups(初创公司)wantinontheaction.Whattheysometimeslackisfeedbackfromthepeoplewhotheyhopewillusetheirproducts.SoBrookdale,thecountry'slargestownerofretirementcommunities,hasbeeninvitingafewselectentrepreneursjusttomoveinforafewdays,showofftheirproductsandhearwhattheresidentshavetosay.That'swhatbroughtDayleRodriguez,28,allthewayfromEnglandtothediningroomofBrookdaleSouthBayinTorrance,California.RodriguezisthecommunityandmarketingmanagerforacompanycalledSentab.Thestartup'sproduct,SentabTV,enablesolderadultswhomaynotbecomfortablewithcomputerstoaccessemail,videochatandsocialmediausingjusttheirtelevisionsandaremotecontrol.“It'snothingnew,it'snothingtoocomplicatedandit'snaturalbecauselotsofpeoplehaveTVremotes,”saysRodriguez.ButnoneofthatisthetopicofconversationintheBrookdalediningroom.Instead,Rodriguezsolicitsresidents'adviceonwhatheshouldgetonhischeeseburgerandhowheshouldspendtheafternoon.Playingcardswasontheagenda,aswellaslearningtoplaymahjong（麻将）.Rodriguezsaysit'simportantthatresidentsheredon'tfeellikehe'ssellingthemsomething.“I'vehadmorefeedbackinapassiveapproach,”hesays.“Playingpool,playingcards,havingdinner,havinglunch,”allworkbetter“thangoingthroughasurveyofquestions.Whentheygettoknowmeandtotrustme,knowingforsureI'mnotsellingthemsomething—there'llbemorehonestfeedbackfromthem.”RodriguezisjusttheseventhentrepreneurtomoveintooneofBrookdale's1,100seniorlivingcommunities.Othernewproductsintheprogramhaveincludedakindoffull-bodyblowdryerandspeciallydesignedclothingthatallowspeoplewithdisabilitiestodressandundressthemselves.MaryLouBusch,93,agreedtotrytheSentabsystem.hseShetellsRodriguezthatitmightbegoodforsomeone,butnotforher.“IhavethecomputerandFaceTime,whichItalkwithmyfamilyon,”sheexplains.ShealsohasaniPadandasmartphone.“SoIdoprettymucheverythingIneedtodo.”Tobefair,ifRodriguezhadwantedfeedbackfromsomemoretechnophobic（害怕技术的）seniors,hemighthaveendedupinthewrongBrookdalecommunity.ThisoneislocatedintheheartofSouthernCalifornia'saerospacecorridor.Manyresidentshavebackgroundsinengineering,businessandacademiccircles.ButRodriguezsayshe'sstilllearningsomethingimportantbymovingintothisBrookdalecommunity:“Peoplearemoretech-proficientthanwethought.”Andbesides,whereelsewouldhelearntoplaymahjong?Whatdoesthepassagesayaboutthestartups?Theyneverlosetimeinupgradingproductsforseniors.Theywanttohaveashareoftheseniors'goodsmarket.Theyinviteseniorstotheircompaniestotrytheirproducts.Theytrytoprofitfrompromotingdigitalproductstoseniors.SomeentrepreneurshavebeeninvitedtoBrookdaletohaveaninterviewwithpotentialcustomersconductasurveyofretirementcommunitiescollectresidents'feedbackontheirproductsshowseniorresidentshowtouseITproductsWhatdoweknowaboutSentabTV?ItisaTVprogramcateringtotheinterestoftheelderly.ItisadigitalTVwhichenjoyspopularityamongseniors.ItisaTVspeciallydesignedforseniorstoviewprograms.ItisacommunicationsystemviaTVinsteadofacomputer.WhatdoesRodriguezsayisimportantinpromotingproducts?Winningtrustfromprospectivecustomers.Knowingthelikesanddislikesofcustomers.Demonstratingtheirsuperiorityonthespot.Respondingpromptlytocustomerfeedback.WhatdowelearnabouttheseniorsintheBrookdalecommunity?MostofthemareinterestedinusingtheSentab.Theyarequiteateasewithhigh-techproducts.Theyhavemuchincommonwithseniorselsewhere.Mostofthemenjoyalongerlifethanaveragepeople.46-50BCADC51-55BCDABPartWTranslation(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.成语(Chineseidioms)是汉语中的一种独特的表达方式，大多由四个汉字组成。它们高度简练且形式固定，但通常能形象地表达深刻的含义。成语大多数来源于中国古代的文学作品，通常与某些神话、传说或者历史事件有关。如果不知道某个成语的出处，就很难理解其确切含义。因为，学习成语有助于人们更好地理解中国传统文化。成语在日常会话和文学创作中广泛使用。恰当使用成语可以使一个人的语言更具表现力，交流更有效。【译文】Chineseidioms,mostlymadeupoffourChinesecharacters,isauniqueexpressioninChinese.Despitetheirhighconcisenessandregularform,theycanusuallyvividlyexpressprofoundmeanings.Chineseidioms,mostlyoriginatingfromliteraryworksofancientChina,areusuallyrelatedtosomemyths,legendsorhistoricalevents.IfonehasnoideawhereChineseidiomscomefrom,itwillbedifficultforhimtounderstandtheirprecisemeaning.Therefore,learningChineseidiomshelpspeoplehaveabetterunderstandingofChinesetraditionalculture.Chineseidiomsarewidelyusedinthedailyconversationsandliterarycreation.Usingthemproperlycanenableone'slanguagemoreexpressive,andthusmakethecommunicationmoreeffective.【逐句解析】成语(Chineseidioms)是汉语中的一种独特的表达方式，大多由四个汉字组成。【解析】考查一主多动词的翻译：同一个主语“成语”有两个动词“是”和“由…组成”，可以将“由组成”处理为非谓语动词。独特的：unique;表达方式：expression;由…组成：bemadeupof;汉字：Chinesecharacter【译文】Chineseidioms,mostlymadeupoffourChinesecharacters,isauniqueexpressioninChinese.它们高度简练且形式固定，但通常能形象地表达深刻的含义。【解析】考查逻辑关系：前后句有明显的让步转折关系。“高度简练”和“形式固定”可以统一处理为名词词性：highconcisenessandregularform形象地：vividly;深刻含义：profoundmeaning【译文】Despitetheirhighconcisenessandregularform,theycanusuallyvividlyexpressprofoundmeanings.成语大多来源于中国古代的文学作品，通常与某些神话、传说或者历史事件有关。【解析】考查一主多动词的翻译：同一个主语“成语”有两个动词“来源于”和“与…有关”，可以将“来源于”处理为非谓语动词；来源于：originatefrom;文学作品：literature;中国古代：ancientChina;神话：myth;传说：legend;历史事件：historicalevent;与…有关：berelatedto【译文】Chineseidioms,mostlyoriginatingfromliteraryworksofancientChina,areusuallyrelatedtosomemyths,legendsorhistoricalevents.如果不知道某个成语的出处，就很难理解其确切含义。【解析】考查缺主语的翻译，可补上“one”;“某个成语的出处”可译为“whereaChineseidiomcomesfroi”；考查it作形式主语的句型：“很难理解”译为itisdifficultforustounderstand;确切含义：precisemeaning【译文】IfonehasnoideawhereChineseidiomscomefrom,itwillbedifficultforhimtounderstandtheirprecisemeaning.因此，学习成语有助于人们更好地理解中国传统文化。【解析】考查动名词作主语的翻译；更好理解：haveabetterunderstandingof;中国传统文化：Chinesetraditionalculture【参考答案】Therefore,learningChineseidiomshelpspeoplehaveabetterunderstandingofChinesetraditionalculture.成语在日常会话和文学创作中广泛使用。【解析】考查被动结构：“广泛使用"译为：bewidelyused;日常会话：dailyconversation;文学创作：literarycreation【参考答案】Chineseidiomsarewidelyusedinthedailyconversationandtheliterarycreation.恰当使用成语可以使一个人的语言更具有表现力，交流更有效。【解析】考查动名词作主语的翻译：“恰当使用成语”译为usingthemproperly;有表现力的：expressive;交流：communication;有效的：effective【参考答案】Usingthemproperlycanenableone'slanguagemoreexpressive,andthusmakethecommunicationmoreeffective.案(第2套)PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayontheimportanceofmutualunderstandingandrespectininterpersonalrelationships.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.【参考范文】Whenitcomestointerpersonalrelationships,itisimportanttoshowmutualunderstandingandrespect.Itisapparentthatmutualunderstandingandrespectarecrucial.Hardlycananyoneachievesuccessinhiscareerwithoutthis.Whenweareintheworkplace,mutualunderstandingandrespectalsoshouldbeemphasized.Forexample,youmayhaveadifferentperspectiveonhowataskwillproceedwithyourcollege,ifyouunderstandthatitisnaturalthatpeoplecouldhavedifferentperspectivesbecauseofdiverseupbringingandeducation,quarrelscouldbeavoidedandasolutionmightbefound.Also,ifyourespectoneanotheratwork,automaticallyyouwillbeabletoearnrespectinreturn.Andoneofthebiggestbenefitsofrespectingoneanotherinworkplaceisthatyoubegintoimproverelationshipsandafriendlyandproductiveworkingenvironmentcanbecreated.Onthebasisoftheanalysisabove,wemaydrawaconclusionthatmutualunderstandingandrespectreallycountinthiscompetitivesociety.Hence,weshouldlearntorespectpeoplearoundus.【参考范文译文】相互理解与尊重在人际关系中起着非常重要的作用。理解与尊重的好处是显而易见的，在当下的环境中没有人可以在工作和事业中取得成功，如果缺少这种精神。比如，在工作中，对于一项工作你可能会和同事有不同的看法，但是如果你能够理解每个人由于成长过程不同，接受的教育不同，对待事物会有不同的看法，这是很自然的。如果能够相互理解和尊重，就可以避免冲突快递找到解决之道。还有一点就是你理解尊重别人，也会让别人理解尊重你。这样就能够有一个良好的工作环境。PartllListeningComprehension(30minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebes