八下Unit1知识清单

#八年级下Unit1知识清单SectionA一、 单词：mattern.问题；事情soreadj.疼痛的；酸痛的stomachn.胃；腹部stomachachen.胃痛；腹痛foot(feet)脚tooth(teeth)牙齿throatn.喉咙；咽喉restn.休息二、 短语：生病的表达法：haveacold=havecolds感冒haveasorethroat声音嘶哑haveasoreleg/sorelegs/back/arms/eyes…酸疼haveacough 咳嗽haveafever 发烧haveastomachache/toothache/headache/earache肚子痛/牙痛/头疼/耳朵痛注意：haveflu/theflu(没有a)getwindy起风了atetoomuchjunkfood吃太多垃圾食品getmyselfoutofbed起床theotherday不久前某一天abit/little/littlebitred有点红drinkhotteawithhoney喝蜂蜜热茶seeadentist=gotothedentist看牙医getanX-ray照X光liev.(lay)躺；平躺liev.(lied)撒谎lien.谎言headachen.头痛fevern.发烧hurtv.(hurt)疼痛；受伤passengern.乘客；旅客troublev./n.麻烦hitv.(hit)击；打takeone'stempera量体e温putsomemedicineonit敷药anall-you-can-eatmeal自助餐cutmyselfbyaccident意外地切到自己takebreaksawayfromthecomputer离开电脑休息一会儿takeabreak=takebreaksinthesameway以相同的方法lieonthesideoftheroad躺在路边shoutforhelp呼救thinktwice=thinkcarefully 仔细考虑toone'ssurp令s人惊讶的是。。。intime及时ontime准时rightaway=atonce立刻/马上getsomesleep睡一会儿movesth.ontothebus把某物移上车四、知识点讲解四、知识点讲解1.疾病、事故的表达havea部位+不空格+achehaveasore+空格+部位havea+名词部位+hurt动词词组：三、句型What'thematterwithsb.?=What ron'gwithsb.?=Isthereanythingwrongwithsb? 怎么？WhatshouldIdo?Youshouldtakeyourtemperature.我该怎么办？--你应当量一下体温。Heexpectedmostorallthepassengerstogetoffandwaitforanotherbus.他原以为大部分或所有的乘客会下车去等另一辆公交车。ThankstoMr.Wangandthepassengers,thedoctorssavedthemanintime.多亏了王平和这些乘客，医生及时的救治了老人Thebusdriver,24-year-oldWangPing,stoppedthecarwithoutthinkingtwice.24岁的公交司机王平不假思索立刻停下了车It'ssadthatmanypeopledon 'twanttohelpothersbecausetheydon 'twantanytrouble.很多人因为怕惹麻烦就不去帮助别人，这真是一件令人感到悲哀的事。haveatoothache/headache/stomachache牙齿痛/头疼/胃痛haveasorethroat/back/leg 嗓子酸涩/背酸/腿酸haveafever/cold/cough/flu发烧/感冒/咳嗽/流感Myneckhurts.或hurt+部位Ihurtmyknees.cutoneself;hurtoneself;falldownfrom;falloffAt9:00a.m.yesterday,busNo.26wasgoingonZhonghuaroadwhenthedriversawanoldmanlyingonthesideoftheroad.(seesbdoingsth看见某人正在做某事)lievi.(lying)平躺lie-lay-ainliedown躺下 Heoldmanlayonthebed,dying.撒谎lie-lied-liedlietosb对某人说谎 Tokeephimselfoutoftrouble,heliedtothepolice.n(C)谎言tellalie/story/joke说谎/讲故事/讲笑话restvi.休息/歇息 wevebeenwalkingforhours.Let 'sresthereforawhile.vt.使(身体部位)休息/放松 Yourkneewillgetbetteraslongasyourestitasmuchasyoucan.n(Sing)therest(ofsb/sth)剩余部分；其余的人(或物)(C/U)休息/歇息havearestgetsomerest休息一下hurt(hurt -hurt;hurting)Ihurtmyself.Ithurtsalot.Hehurthimself.vt.(使)疼痛/受伤；使伤心~sb/oneself/sthIdon'tmeantohurther.Ijustwanttokeepherstill我并不想伤害她，只是想让她别动。Ididn 'twanttohurthisfeeling我不想伤害他的感情。vi.感到疼痛 身体部位~Afterrunning1000meters,mylegshurtalot.adj.(身体上)受伤的gethurt=getinjured受伤的bebadly/seriously/deeplyhurt受重伤Heexpectedmostorallthepassengerstogetoffandwaitforanotherbus.getoff下车geton上车 (其后加大型，敞开的交通工具，如 bus,bike,train …)WhenIsawthecryingbaby,Igotoffthebikeandaskedhimwhy.getoutof下车getinto上车 (其后加空间狭小的交通工具，如 taxi…)Therichladygotoutofthecarwithherprettydogwithoutlookingatanybody.Heexpectedmostorallthepassengerstogetoffandwaitforanotherbus.expect的用法1)vt.期待期待做某事expecttodosth.=lookforwardtodoingsth.HeexpectedtohearfromMary.期待某事expectsth. TheseAmericanbusinessmenareexpectingacooperationfromus.期待某人做某事 expectsb.todosth.IexpectmysistertocomebackearlysothatwecangotoAvril 'sconcerttogether.expect+从句Theyareintrouble,butIexpectthattheycandealwithitthemselves.Tohissurprise,theyallagreedtogowithhim.agreevt./vi.(agreementn.)agreetodosth.agreewithsb.agreethat从句(be)inagreement达成一致意见ThankstoMr.Wangandthepassengers,thedoctorssavedthemanintime.thanksto幸亏，由于+好的结果=becauseof+好/不好的事情Wedon'tneedtotaketheP.E.exam,thankstotheheavyrain.thanksforsth/doingsth因为某事/做某事而感谢某人It'ssadthatmanypeopledon 'twanttohelpothersbecausetheydon 'twantanytrouble.trouble n(U/C)问题/困难/烦恼beintrouble处于麻烦中； getintotrouble 遇到麻烦havetrouble/problems/difficultywithsth/(in)doingsth 某事/做某事有困难

vt.使忧虑/是烦恼/打扰 ~sb(forsth)BusNo.26hitanoldmanonZhonghuaRoad.hit(hithit;hitting)1)vt•击；打~sb/sth(withsth)(onsth)(用某物)击打某人(某部位)Hehitmewithastickonmyhead.他用一根棍子敲打我的头部。碰撞/撞击~sb/sth使(身体部位)碰上(某物)~sth(on/againststh)Peterhithisheadonthelowbeam.2)Cn.打；打击；(演出等)成功；Thedeathofhiswifeisabighitforhim.Thesongbecameamassivehitin1945.cutmyselfvi.割；切cut-cut-cutting常见短语：cutdown砍伐、减少消耗；cutoff切掉；cutup=cutintopieces 切成碎块cutoneself切到某人自己Thedoctortoldhimtocutdownhisconsumptionoffat. 医生建议他减少脂肪的摄取量。Mindyoudon'tcutyourfingersoff小心别切断手指头！n(C)伤口Youshouldkeepyourcutcleanandputsomemedicineonit.SectionB、单词pressv.压；挤pressuren.压力pressv.压；挤pressuren.压力sickadj.生病的n.sicknesskneen.膝盖4.breathev.呼吸n.breath5.climbern.登山者situationn.情况；状况bloodn.血bleedv.流血adj.bloody血腥的meanv.(meant-meant)意思是；打算importaneen.重要性importantadj.重要的spiritn.精神accidentn.accidentn.事故；意夕卜adj.accidental二、短语putabandageonit二、短语putabandageonit包扌L它putyourheaddown低下头6.haveanosebleed流鼻血gomountainclimbing去登山getsunburned晒伤beusedtodoingsth/sth习惯(做)某事14.usedtodosth.过去常做某事becaughtunder…被压在。。。下面tellofsth.讲诉某事ina…situation一种 的情境giveupdoingsth.放弃做某事runitunderwater在水下冲洗一下5.feelsick=notfeelwell感觉不舒服gethitonthehead伤到头部haveproblemsbreathing呼吸困难takerisks(arisk)冒险beusedtodosth.被用来做某事climbbyoneself=climbalone 独自一人爬山halfhisrightarm右半截手臂loseone'丧身sothat以便；为的是saveone'sownI拯救自己的性命24.ranout(ofsth)=useupsth.用完；耗尽(用完某物getoutof离开；从 24.ranout(ofsth)=useupsth.用完；耗尽(用完某物beincontrolof掌管；管理 27.a360-kilorock一块360公斤的石头28.rununderthehotson烈日下奔跑 29.stoptheblood止血3O.BetweenaRockandaHardPlace《生死两难》、句型AronRalstonisanAmericanmanwhoisinterestedinmountainclimbing阿伦罗尔斯顿是一个喜爱登山运动的美国人Withhislefthand,hebandagedhimselfsothathewouldnotlosetoomuchblood.为了不让自己失血过多，他用左手把自己包扎好。ThereweremanytimeswhenAronalmostlosthislifebecauseofaccidents.阿伦有很多次都曾经因为意外而差点失去性命Becausehecouldn'tfreehisarm,hestayedthereforfivedaysandhopedthatsomeonewouldfindhim.因为它不能把他的手拿出来，他在那里呆了五天，希望有人会找到他。Arontellsoftheimportaneeofmakinggooddecisions,andofbeingincontrolofone 'ronif讲述了做出好的决定，和掌控自己生命的重要性。Butwhenhiswaterranout,heknewthathewouldhavetodosomethingtosavehisownlife. 但是当他的水喝完的时候，他知道他得做些什么来拯救自己的生活。Thismeansbeinginadifficultsituationthatyoucan'tseemtogetouto它的意思是处于一个你难以脱身的境地。四、语法点讲解putabandageonitn.绷带 (可数名词)vt.包扎bandagesth/sb(up)(withsth) 用绷带包扎某人(的身体部位)abandagedhand.扎了绷带的手Hebandaged(up)thewound.他包扎了伤口。pressthesidesofyournose按住你鼻子的两侧PressVt.=push按，压 pressthebuttontostartthemachineSing.新闻界anationalpress国家媒体Un.压力pressureIcanfeelthepressureofmodernlife.Someonefeltsick.有人感到不舒服，想吐。做表语sickadj.=ill生病的，不舒服的 Heissick/illinhospital.做定语sick生病的；ill恶毒的；坏心肠的Thesickboyneededtogotothehospitalimmediately.Theillstepmothermadeherworkdayandnight.Someonehadanosebleed.有人流鼻血bleed流血Vi.-bled-bledYouarehavinganosebleed.=Yournoseisbleeding.bloodUn.血液losetoomuchblood.Whatisyourbloodtype?bloodyadj.血腥的Idon'tlikethatmovie.It stoobloodygetsunburned被晒伤get+done(过去分词) 被。。。gethurt;被伤到getbroken;被打破getstolen被偷了Hegotkilledwhenhewascrossingtheroad.过马路时他被车撞死了。burnVi.燃烧Thehouseisburning.Vt.把。。。点Heburnedhishousetocheatforinsuranee.(他烧了自己的房子来骗保。 )Aronisusedtotakingrisks.Aron习惯于冒险。be(get/become)usedtodoingsth. 习惯于做 (从不习惯到习惯)此处to为介词。Moststudentsareusedtogettingupearlyonweekdays.多数学生周一至U周五习惯早起usedtodosth过去常常做某事 (含指现在不做了)。Lisausedtoplaycomputergamesfortoolong.丽萨过去常常会打很久电脑游戏。beusedtodosth被用来做某事(其为被动语态，主动语态为： use…todostl)。Hisknifewasusedtocutoffhisrightarm.=Heusedhisknifetocutoffhisrightarm.takerisks冒险Ifyourefusetotakerisks,youcan 'thave如果你拒绝承担风险， 有不会有更好的回报。taketherisk(of)doingsth.冒。。。(的风险)做某事Idon'twanttotaketherisk(of)dyingforthiscrazyidea.我可不想冒死去尝试这个想法。

Becausehecouldn'tfreehisarm,hestajledreforfivedaysandhopedthatsomeonewouldfindhim.因为它不能把他的手拿出来，他在那里呆了五天，希望有人会找到他。freev.freesth(fromsth)使某人(物)自由；释放；解放Theyaretryingtofreeapandafromthetrap.他们正极力把熊猫从陷阱中解救出来。Ittookhourstofreethevictims(fromthecollapsedbuilding) 用了很长时间才把遇难者 (从倒塌的建筑物中) 解救出来。freeadj.自由的；空闲的freelyadv.自由地freedomn.自由Butwhenhiswaterranout,heknewthathewouldhavetodosomethingtosavehisownlife. 但是当他的水喝完的时候，他知道他得做些什么来拯救自己的生活。区别：sthrunout某物耗完了 与sbrunoutofsth某人耗完了某物 (run-ran-running)sthrunout中ranout为不及物短语，主语为物，表示某物被用完了。Thepetrolisrunningout.油快用完了。 =Wearerunningoutofthepetrol.CouldIhavecigarette,mineseemstorunout.=Ihaverunoutofmine.给我一支烟好吗？我的(烟)已经扌由完了。Then,withhisleftarm,hebandagedhimselfsothathewouldnotlosetoomuchblood. 然后，他用他的左手绑住（自己受伤部位），这样就（为的是）不会流失太多的血。…sothat…目的状语从句区别于…so…结果状语从句。如果本句用成so,便不通了。Thisme