人类学学习大纲

INTRODUCTIONTOANTHROPOLOGY(Fall2011)Instructor:Prof.TenzinJinba(丹增金巴)Meetingtime:Section5-7,WednesdayRoom:A410Email:danzjb@AbouttheCourseWhyaretherediversepeoplesandculturesintheworld?Whattraitsdodifferentsocietiesshare?Howhavethehumanpolitical,economicandculturalsystemsevolved?Howdoenvironmentandcultureinteract?Aresomepeoplesmore“civilized”thanothers?HowhaveAmericaandWesternEuropebecomethefirstpowerswhileotherpartsoftheworldlagbehind?Whydosomanyconflictsinthisworldhavetodowithethnic,nationaland/orreligiousidentities?Arereligionandmodernitycompatible?Howisourlifeaffectedbymodernityandglobalization?Wewilldiscusstheseandsimilarissuesinthiscourse,butitislessaboutprovidinganswersthanaboutpresentingaperspective.Thatis,howdoanthropologistslookintotheseissuesinquestion?Inwhatwaysisourperspectiveunique?Someofyoumayexpecttolearnabout“exotic”culturalpracticesofthepeoplesaroundtheworld,butthiscoursewillshowyouadifferentangletolookintochoicesandconcernsoftheOthers.Insodoing,itaimstochallengemanyofour“commonsenses”aswellasourpreconceptionsaboutvariousaspectsofthehumansocietyincludingourownsocietyandwayofliving.CourseOverviewThiscourseisanintroductiontoanthropologicalconcepts,theoriesandmethods.Youwillgetexposedtobasicideasandthoughtsinanthropologythroughlectures,discussions,moviesandreadings.Thereadingmaterialsarewidelybutcarefullyselectedtoreorientyoutowardsthewaysanthropologiststhinkaboutandprobeintodifferentaspectsofsociallife:language,gender,religion,politics,economy,ethnicity,kinship,globalizationandsoon.Itisalsoexpectedthatyouwillbeabletoapplywhathavebeenlearnedinclassto"real”lifecircumstancesandwork.CourseEvaluationClassattendanceandparticipation 20%Popquizzes 20%Ethnographicproject 40%Readingreports 10%Oralexams 10%AcademicConductCheatingandplagiarismareveryseriousmisconductsthataresubjecttoseverepunishment.Ifsuchactsareidentified,theoffenderwillberesponsibleforallpossibleconsequencesincluding"0”inthefinalscore.OtherRequirementsandClarificationsNooneisallowedtobeabsent.Nevertheless,ifyoucannotcomeunderurgentcircumstanceslikehospitalization,youarerequiredtohandinanofficialnotewithinoneweek.5pointswillbedeductedfromyourfinalscoreforeachabsence.Ifyouareabsentfor5timesorabove,yourfinalscorewillbezero.Participationindiscussionsisofessentialimportancetothesuccessofthiscourse.Youareencouragedtoshareyourideasandwisdomwithclassmatesandtheinstructorthroughintensivediscussions.YouMUSTpreparereadingsforeachweekbeforecomingtothelecture.Wewillhavepopquizzesfromtimetotime,andmanyofthequestionsarebasedonthereadings(andmovies,etc).Ifyouhappentobeabsentfromaquiz,therequestforamake-upexamwillnotbegranted(unlessyourabsenceisundoubtedlycausedbyanurgentcondition).Readingreportsarebasedontherequiredreadings.Itistoexaminewhetherorhowyouunderstandthematerialsorareabletoengagedifferentmaterialsinacoherentandconvincingway.Itcanbeeitherwrittenororal.Atleastoneoralexamwillbetaken.Itcouldbeabouteverythingpossible—fromhumanorigintoouterspace.Thebasicideaisthatyouwillbeabletoapplyyoursociological/anthropologicalknowledgetoinvestigatetheissueinquestion.Tobenotedthatreadingreportsandoralexamsmaybeintegratedasasingleunitofevaluation.EthnographicProjectEachofyouisrequiredtoworkonanethnographicproject.Itistoevaluateyouranalyticandwritingskillsaswellastheabilitytolinkyourfielddatawiththeoriesandconceptsinthiscourse.Youshouldbenotedthatthefieldworkisobligatory.Youareencouragedtopickatopicofyourinterest,butitmustbeapprovedbytheinstructor.Thebasicprincipleofthisprojectisthatitis"doable”.Maybeyourtopicisveryoriginalandsignificant,butduetothetiming,safety,distanceandotherfactorsyoumaybeaskedtoshifttoanothermoreappropriatetopic.Herearerequirementsforyou:a.yourfieldworkhadbetterbelimitedwithin20-30hoursintotal(1-2hoursforeachweeknormally);b.thefieldsiteisonoraroundthecampus;c.yourprojectwon’tinviteanykindofdangereithertoyourselfortopeopleyouworkwith;d.theprojecttobeconductedisoriginalandithasneverbeendoneandwrittenforanothercourse(orelse,itwillbetreatedasplagiarism).Thisprojectinvolvesthreestages.Hereisthetimetable:approvalofyourtopic(byOctober5th)ethnographicjournal(byNovember23rd)ethnography(dueonDecember21st)RequiredTexts庄孔韶主编，《人类学概论》，北京：中国人民大学出版社，2006庄孔韶主编，《人类学经典导读》，北京：中国人民大学出版社，2008BarbaraSpradleyandCrolynMcCurdy,ConformityandConflict:ReadingsinCulturalAnthropology,Boston:PearsonEducation,Inc.，2008PhilippeBourgois,InSearchofRespect:SellingCrackinElBarrio(Chineseversion).NewYork:CambridgeUniversityPress,2002.ElizabethWFernea,GuestsoftheSheik:AnEthnographyofanIraqiVillage.NewYork:Doubleday,1995.EricWolf,EuropeandthePeoplewithoutHistory(Chineseversion).Berkeley:UniversityofCaliforniaPress,1982.MarvinHarris,CannibalsandKings:TheOriginsofCultures(Chineseversion).NewYork:RandomHouse,Inc.,1978Introduction:Whatisanthropology?RequiredReading:Text:Chapter1WhatdoanthropologistsDO?RequiredReadings:Text:Chapter1、4、5Spradley:EatingChristmasintheKalahari-RichardLee导读：I:Chapter6:文化、差异与认同-AdamKuperSuggestedReading:导读：II:第六部分：“蝗虫法”与“鼹鼠”法RecommendedMovie:《长江沿岸田野纪行》OriginsandDevelopmentofAnthropologyRequiredReadings:Text:Chapter2&3导读：I:第一部分：人物与理论SuggestedReadings:导读：II:第五部分：20世纪60年代以来的人类学理论、第六部分：树本根生DoingtheFieldworkRequiredReadings:Text:Chapter6>7TheTravelsofMarcoPolo(excerpts)Malinowski:ADiaryintheStrictSenseoftheTerm(excerpts)SuggestedReadings:导读：I:第四部分：田野工作EthnographicMethodsRequiredReadings:Text:Chapter6、7ElizabethFernea:GuestsoftheSheik(Chapter1-9)PhillipBourgois:InSearchofRespect:SellingCrackinElBarrio(中文版：前言&绪论)SuggestedReadings:导读：I:第四部分：田野工作CategoriesandIdentitiesRequiredReading:Text:Chapter13Roediger:Irish-AmericanWorkersandWhiteRacialPhillipBourgois:InSearchofRespect:SellingCrackinElBarrio(Chapter1、2、4、5&9)SuggestedReadings:导读：I:第六部分：族群与边界-BarthBecomingaPerson:SocializationAcrossCultureRequiredReadings:Text:Chapter12PierreBourdieu:StructureandHabitus(excerpts)RecommendedMovie:《我妻我女》Environment,SubsistenceandCultureRequiredReading:Text:Chapter3(p.68-69)MarvinHarris,CannibalsandKings:TheOriginsofCultures（中文版:Chapters1、2、3、7、11、12、14、15）SuggestedReading:JaredDiamond:Guns,Germs,andSteel《枪炮、病菌与钢铁》LanguageandCommunicationRequiredReadings:Text:Chapter8Spradley:TheSapir-WhorfHypothesis-DavidThomsonSpradley:HowtoAskforaDrink-Spradley导读：I:第三部分：从文化角度看男女性别误读SuggestedReadings:导读：I:第三部分:语言与文化交流RecommendedMovie:《用第5个手指演奏萨郎长笛》Sex,Marriage,FamilyandKinshipRequiredReadings:Text:Chapter11Spradley:SocietyandSexRoles-ErnestineFriedlSpradley:Mother’sLove:DeathwithoutWeeping-NancyScheper-HughesSpradley:LifewithoutFathersorHusbands-CliffordGeertzSuggestedReadings:导读：I:第五部分：性、婚姻与家庭ElizabethFernea:GuestsoftheSheikRecommendedMovie:《酋长的第五位新娘》PoliticsandPoliticalEconomyRequiredReadings:Text:Chapter14JamesScott:WeaponsoftheWeak（excerpts）Malinowski:ArgonautsoftheWesternPacific（中文版：Chapter3库拉要点:p.77-97）Ritual,ReligionandCommunityRequiredReadingText:Chapter15特