九年级英语语法丨被动语态精讲精练

九年级英语语法丨被动语态精讲精练一、主动语态变被动语态口诀：宾提前变主,被动be加done,主变介by宾，时态不用变。AboutthreequartersofthepeopleintheworldspeakEnglish（主动句）世界上大约有四分之三的人说英语→Englishisspokenbyabout3/4ofthepeopleintheworld（被动句）.二.含双宾语的主动句变被动句口诀:如遇双宾语，最好变间宾，如若变直宾，bedone后加to(或for)[指人的为间接宾语，指物的为直接宾语]1.Hegavemeabookyesterday(主动)昨天他给了我一本书。→①Iwasgivenabookbyhimyesterday.②Abookwasgiventomebyhimyesterday.昨天他给了我一本书。2.Myfatherboughtmealaptop.我父亲给我买了一台笔记本电脑。→①lwasboughtalaptopbymyfather.②Alaptopwasboughtformebymyfather.三.十大动词变被动语态口诀:十大动词真奇怪，to来to去令人猜,主动句中to离去,被动句中to回来。(let常不用于被动语态)“十大动词“指:feel，hear/listen，have/make/Iet，look/watch/see/notice。(一感二听三让四看）这十个动词在主动句中，其后的动词不定式不加to，但变为被动句时必须加to.TheteacherwatchedherplaythePiano(主)→Shewaswtachedtoplaythepianobytheteacher.老师看着她弹钢琴四、各种时态的被动语态①一般现在时:is/am/are十done(及物动词的过去分词)Englishisspokenallovertheworld.全世界都说英语②一般过去时:was/were+doneTheelectriclightwasinventedbyEdison.电灯是爱迪生发明的。③现在进行时:is/am/are+being+doneComputergamesarebeingplayedbyXiaoMing.小明正在玩电脑游戏。ThetableisbeingrepairedbyDad.桌子正在被爸爸修理。④一般将来时:shall/will/begingto+be+doneWhenwillourschoolsportsmeetingbeheld?我们学校的运动会将在什么时候举行？Hewillbeinterviewedbyreporterstomorrowmorning.记者将在明天早上采访他。⑤现在完成时:have/has+been+doneThechildrenhavebeensenttoschoolsafetlybythedriver.孩子们已经被司机安全地送到学校了。Thebuildinghasbeenbuiltbytheworkers.这座大楼是由工人们建造的。⑥过去完成时:had+been+doneBythetimeIgothome,mygrandfatherhadbeentakentothehospital.当我到家的时候，我爷爷已经被送到医院了。Whenmymothercamehomefromwork，myhomeworkhadbeenfinished.当妈妈下班回家时，我的作业已经做完了。五、含有情态动同的被动语态：情态动词（maymustcanshould…）+be+done16-year-oldsshouldnotbeallowedtosmoke.不应该允许16岁的青少年吸烟。InChina,teenagersmustbeeducated.在中国，青少年必须接受教育。Studentsshouldbeencouragedtodosocialworkforthecommunity.应该鼓励学生为社区做社会工作。Thelightsmustbeturnedoffbeforeyouleavetheclassroom.离开教室之前你必须把灯关掉。六、主动形式表示被动意义（1）动词bear(承受，忍受;承担责任),deserve(应受到)，need/rquire/want（需要），stand（忍受）等后面接动名词时，该动名词常用主动形式表示被动意义。(也可直接跟不定式的被动式)Thedeskneendsrepairing.(=Thedeskneedstoberepained)这张桌子需要修理Theflowerswantwatering(Theflowerswanttobewatered)花需要洗水.（2）不定式用于某些动词(如have，get，want，need等)的宾语后作定语时，如果不定式的逻辑主语是句子的主语，则用主动形式表示被动意义.Ihavealotofworktodonow.(现在我有很多工作要做)Iwantsomethingtodrink.(我想喝点什么)注意:如果不定式的逻辑主语不是句子的主语则用被动式，比如:Ihavesomethingtotype.我有些东西要打(字)(指自己打字)。IhaveSomethingtobetyped.我有些东西要(让别人)打(字)（指请别人打)（3）形容词cheap,comfortabIe,ydangerous,difficult，good,funny,heavy,imprtant等接不定式做状语时，不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。ThiswineispleasanttodrinK(这种葡萄酒很好喝)Thequestionisdificulttoanswer.(这个问题很难回答)（4）形容词worth(值得的)后接动名词时，该动名词用主动形式表示被动意义①Thebookisworthreading.这书值得一读。②Themovieisworthwatching.这部电影值得一看。（5）在too..todo结构中,不定式的主动形式表被动意义.LuXun'sworksaretoodifficulttounderstand.鲁迅的作品太难理解了。（6）表示感觉或变化的feel,look,smell,sound,taste,turn,prove,get等系动同的系动词的主动形式表示被动意义.Thedishsmellsnice(这道菜气味好闻)Hiswordsprovetrue(他的话证明是真的)（7）某些及物动词转化而来的不及物动词，如(catch,close,lock，sell,wash,open，wear,write等和副词well,easily,smothly)等一起说明主语的特征时,用主动形式表示被动意义。Theclothwasheseasily.这种布容易洗。Thepenwritessmothly.这支笔写起来很光滑。（8）Therebe结构中，不定式做定语时，主动形式表被动意义.Therearemuchhomeworktodotoday.今天要做的家庭作业太多了。（9）某些动间(如build,burn,cook,print(印刷），make等)的进行时，可用主动形式表示被动意义。①Thehouseisbuilding.房子正在修建=Thehouseisbeingbuilt.②Thebookisprinting.这本书正在被印刷=Thebookisbeingprinted③Thedoorwon'tlocked.=Thedoorwon'tbelocked.这门锁不住。Theboxcan'tmove.=Theboxcan'tbemoved.(这箱子移动不了)Theforestisburning.（=Theforestisbeingburned.）森林在燃烧。七、英语中有以下几种情况，不能使用被动语态。1.谓语是联系动词时，不用被动语态。①Thegirllooksverygood.这个女孩气色很好。②Thefoodisdelicious.这种食物味道很好。③Thatsoundsgreat.听起来棒极了2.谓语为不及物动词（或短语）时，不用被动语态。Ihappenedtomeethiminthepark.我碰巧在公园遇见他。3.宾语为不定式、动名词，或从句，表示主语的一些想法、爱好和愿望时，一般不用被动语态。①Iwanttobuyalaptop.我想买一台笔记本电脑。②Hedecidedtogototheparkwithus.他决定和我们一起去公园。③LiLeihopestobeascientistinthefuture.李雷希望将来成为一名科学家。4.宾语是相互代词、反身代词、同源宾语时一般不用被动语态。①Shethinksmoreofherselfthanofothers.她为自己考虑得比别人多。②Thelittlegirldreamedasweetdreamlastnight.那个小女孩昨晚做了一个甜甜的梦。③Nowadays，Peopleliveahappylife.现在，人们过着幸福的生活。5.宾语是处所、地点时，一般不用被动语态。①LiNing'sfatherhasgonetoBeijing.李宁的父亲去北京了。②Inhalfanhour,wewillbeontopofthemountain.半小时后，我们将到达山顶。6.谓语部分（动词与宾语）是一个不可分割的动词短语时一般不用被动语态。Myfatherwenttothedentistthismorning.我爸爸今天早上去看牙医了。7.表示状态的动词，如have、own、belongto等不能用于被动语态。①Thefarmerhasmanybigfarms.这个农民有许多大农场。②ThisbookbelongstoLiMing.这本书是李明的。③Hehasahouseofhisown.他有自己的房子。【被动语态专题练习】l.单项选择(一)1.Dontbeunhappyifyou________byotherswhenyoumakemistakes.A.arelaughedatB.arelaughingatC.laughatD.werelaughedat2.LastDecember,amanwhostoleasharedbike________1,000yuanbythepolice.A.finedB.wasfinedC.willbefinedD.hasfined3.CanMrKingsparetimeforthemeeting?-Ifhe_____,hewilltryhisbesttomakeit.A.willbeinvitedB.isinvitedC.invitesD.invited4.--Whattools______tomakepapercuting?什么工具被用来剪纸？---Scissors.A.areusedB.usedC.willuseD.use5.Theoldmanwasquiteweakaftertheaccident,sohe______.A.mustbelookedafterwellB.waslookingafterwellC.musttakegoodcareofD.mustbetakengoodcare6.--Ourclassroom_____everyday.-Soitis.It'sourdutytokeepitcleanandtidy.A.cleansB.iscleaningC.iscleanedD.isbeingcleaned7.Mum,whencanIwatchTV?Assoonasyourhomework_________.A.finishB.finishedC.isfinishedD.willbefinished8.-Don'tsmokehere,Dad.Smoking_____inpublicplaces.-Oh,sorry.I'llstoprightnow.A.isntallowedB.wasn'tallowedC.doesn'tallowD.didn'tallow9.Manyhouses____bytheearthquakeandthousandsofpeoplewerelefthomeless.A.damagedB.weredamagedfkfkt'c.weredamagingD.aredamaged10.Chengduisagreencitynowbecausealotoftrees________everyspring.A.havebeenplantedB.areplantedC.willbeplantedD.wereplanted11.--AreyougoingtoSam'sbirthdaypartythedayaftertomorrow?--I'mnotsure.IwillgowithyouifI______.A.willinviteB.invitec.willbeinvitedD.aminvited12.ManychildreninBritain_____________tohavetheirownbankcardsthesedays.A.allowB.allowedc.areallowedD.wereallowed13.Tom!Ilookedforyoueverywhereatthepartylastnight.Oh,I_____totheparty.A.aminvitedB.wasinvitedc.amnotinvitedD.wasn'tinvited14.---Whydidn'tyoucometothemeetingyesterday?---Sorry,Ididn'tknowthatI____tocome.A.wasaskedB.haveaskedc.amaskingD.asked15.--WhenIamwalkinginthestreet,I_____someadseverytime.--SoamI.Ihateit.It'sawasteofpaper.A.giveB.amgivenc.gaveD.wasgiven(二)1.Itissaidthatpotatochipsbyaccidentaboutahundredyearsago.A.inventB.inventedc.areinventedD.wereinvented2.---Thesedays,teengersoftenhavetodowhatthey_____to.-lt'snotgoodfortheiridpendeceTheyneedtothinkontheirown.A.tellB.aretellingc.aretoldD.weretold3.Whentogoforapicnic_____yet.A.hasnotdecidedB,hasbeendecidedc.hasdecidedD.hasnotbeendecided4.ItissaidthatBRT(快速公交系统）____inYongzhousoon.A.wasusedB.willbeusedC.isusedD.willuse5.Studentsdolesshomeworknow.Usuallyit_______before9o'lockintheevening.D.willuseA.finishesB.finishedC.isfinishedD.wasfinished6.Anewclub__________inourschoolatthebeginningofthisyearandnowithasmanymembers.A.startsB.isstartedC.hasstartedD.wasstarted7.Hotwater____inthestudents'flatsfrom5;00pmto7:00pmnow.A.suppliesB.issuppliedC.suppliedD.wassupplied8.I'msurethatstricterrulestocontrolcigarettesmoking______verysoon.A.madeB.willmakeC.weremadeD.willbemade9.Usuallystudents________tochoosetheirownschooluniforms.A.don'tallowB.werenotallowedC.arenotallowedD.didn'tallow10.Confuciusisagreatthinker.Hisworks_______still______bymanypeople.A.are;readingB.is;readC.are;readD.was;read11.Theguidesaidthatmuchattentionmust_____thesedtail.导游说必须多注意这些细节.A.payB.bepaidC.paytoD.bepaidto12.Whenwillthebirthdayparty_____,onMondayeveningorTuesdayevening?A.holdB.beheldC.heldD.beholding13.Theradioinyourroom______beforeyouleave.A.mustturnoffB.mustbeturnedoffC.wasturnedoffD.turnedoff14.Thestonesaresoheavy.How_____they_________tothetopofthebuildingwithoutmodernmachines?这些石头这么重，在没有现代化机械的情况，它们是怎么被抬到建筑物顶端的呢?A.have;liftedB.did;liftC.were;liftedD.are;lifted15.-Susan,whyareyoustillhere?Theyareallreadytostart.--I'msorry,butI____________whentoleave.很抱歉，但没有通知我什么时候出发.A.don'ttellB.didn'ttellC.wasn'ttoldD.haven'tbeentold(三)1.Moremoney________ifweusebothsidesofpaper.A.willsaveB.wassavedC.hassavedD.willbesaved2.--Hey,Molly.You__________onthephonejustnow.Butyouweren'thereandthemanleftaphonenumber.Oh?Iwasinthelibrary.A.wantedB.arewantedC.werewantedD.havewanted3.Whetherthefourhospitalsshouldclose____________yet.A.isn'tdecidedB.doesn'tdecideC.hasn'tbeendecidedD.hasn'tdecided4.Thecar________ythepolicemanbecausethedriverwasdrunk.A.stoppedB.wasstoppedC.stopsD.isstopped5.Nodecision___________aboutthatmatteryet.Wearestillconsideringit.A.hasbeenmadeB.hasmadeC.willbemadeD.willmake6.--------When_____theteachingbuildingsinyourschool?--------In2001.A.was;builtB.are;builtC.were;builtD.is;built7.WhenIcalledthebusservice,I_____thattherewasnomorebus.A.wastellingB.wastoldC.amtoldD.told8.Ithinkteenagersshould________todrive.Theyarenotseriousenough.A.beallowedB.notbeallowedс.notallowD.allow9.Airmust_________freshallthetime.A.keepB.iskeptc.bekeptD.beenkept10.Thesamething________toherlastyear.A.ishappenedB.washappenedC.hashappenedD.happened11.Intheolddays,they________toworkinthefactoryfrommorningtonight.A.weremadeB.aremakeC.madeD.make12.Greatchanges_____________intheruralareasinthelasttwodecades.A.weretakenplaceB.havetakenplaceC.havebeentakenplaceD.tookplace13.Thesestorybooks_____inthe1990s,buttheyarestillpopular.A.arewrittenв.werewritingC.werewritingD.arewriting14.English_________moreandmorewidelytoday.Sowemustlearnitwell.A.usesC.isusedC.usedD.wasused15.Mother'sDay_______atdifferenttimeindifferentcountries.A.celebratesB.celebratedC.iscelebratedD.wascelebratedlI.把下列句子改为被动语态1.Hismothertoldhimnottowastetimeonfishing._______________________________________2.Myfatherhasboughtmeacomputer.______________________________________3.Thisfactoryproducesthesemachinetools.________________________________________________________________4.Theyshoulddoitatonce._____________________________________5.Shewrotemealongletter._____________________________________6.Iwillsetupanewclubatthebeiningofnextyear._________________________________________7.Wesawthemplayfootballjustnow.__________________________________________8.Ourgvermenttakesgoodcareoftheoldpeoplewithoutcilden.___________________________________________________________________9.Thetecerdidn'tleavethecasromunilthesudetshandedinthepaper.______________________________________________________________________________10.OurEnglishteacherwrotesomewordsontheblackboard.________________________________________________________________________lll.同义句转换(每空一词)1.A:Theygavethevisitorsawarmwelcome.B:____________________________awarmwelcome.2.А:Wesawastrangerenterthehall.B:Astranger_____________________thehall.3.A:Weconsideritwrongtoshoutatchildrenwhomakemistakes.B:___________________________toshoutatchildrenwhomakemistakes.4.A:Theyshoulddotheworkatonce.B:Thework________________________atonce.5.A:Everybodylikesthecutegirl.B:Thecutegirl_______________everybody.6.A:Hedidntkillthebird.B:Thebird________byhim.7.A:Parentsshouldlookafteryoungchildrenverywell.B:Youngchildrenshould_________________verywellbyparents.8.A:Hehadnotthrownthebadfood.B:Thebadfood________________________byhim.9.A:Whatdoesyourmotheroftentellyoutodo?B:What__________youoften_______todobyyour