江苏省扬州市高三上学期期末考试英语试卷

第4页共18页江苏省扬州市2015届高三上学期期末考试英语试题本试卷分五部分。满分120分。考试时间120分钟。第一部分：听力(共两节，满分20分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Oldclassmates. B.TravelersinEngland. C.Touristandguide.2.Whendoestheplanetakeoff?A.At18:15. B.Attento9:00. C.At8:15.3.Whathastheweatherbeenlikerecently?A.Rainy. B.Snowy. C.Cloudy.4.Whatistheman?A.Adentist. B.Awaiter. C.Aneditor.5.Whatdoesthemanthinkoftherent?A.Reasonable. B.Low. C.High.第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各个小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。

6.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Thegirl’sjob. B.Thegirl’smajor. C.Thegirl’scollege.7.WhatcanwelearnaboutJoyce?A.Shedoesn’twanttostudybusiness.B.Sheisn’tseriousaboutherfuture.C.Shecan’tmakeherowndecision.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.Whatarethetwospeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Humanactivities. B.Naturaldisasters. C.Climatechange.9.Howoftendofloodsstrikethecountry?A.Everytwelvemonths. B.Everythreeyears. C.Everyotheryear.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatdothemanandthewomanwanttodo?A.Tobuyanapartment. B.Torentahouse.C.Topreparefortheirwedding.11.Whatkindofhousedotheywant?A.Withtwobedrooms. B.WithalivingroomfortheTV.C.Withabigkitchen.12.Whydoesn’tthemanwanttolivefarawayfromthedowntown?A.Hedoesn’twanttogetuptooearlyinthemorning.B.Apartmentswillbemoreexpensivethere.C.Thetrafficistoobusytogettowork.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Howmanysuitcasesdoesthewomanwanttodeposit?A.Two. B.Five. C.Six.14.Whatcoloristhesuitcasecontainingthelaptop?A.Red. B.Black. C.Brown.15.Whatwillthewomandowithherdigitalproducts?A.She’lldepositthemthere.B.She’lltakethemwithher. C.She’lldeposittheminRoom213.16.Whywillshegototheofficeonthesecondfloor?A.Tomakecomplaints.B.Towaitforherfriends. C.Tochecksomeotherbaggage.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatisthispassagemainlytalkingabout?A.Differentcultures. B.Tablemanners. C.Variouscountries.18.Inwhichcountryisdrinkingliquidfoodwithanoiseacceptable?A.InJapan. B.InBritain. C.Notmentioned.19.Whatshouldn’twedowhilewearedininginBritishfamily?A.Putourhandsonthetable. B.Keepsilentattable.C.Useourlefthandattable.20.Whatshouldyoudoifyouvisitanothercountry?A.Askthenativepeopletheretohelpyou.B.Watchcarefullyandtrytodoasthepeopletheredo. C.AorB.第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。21.Theproposalsdeservesupportastheneedsofchildrenshouldbegiven________to.A.priority B.preference C.privilege D.promotion22.Itissaidthatmunicipalgovernmentplansto________fireworksincelebrationofthe2500thYangzhouCityAnniversary.A.setoff B.setout C.setup D.setabout23.Ihadjustfinishedmyhousework________Iheardcriesforfirstaidtheotherday.A.as B.while C.since D.whenAFoodwastehasbeenachronic（习惯性的）problemforrestaurantsandgrocerystores—withmillionsoftonslostalongthewayascropsarehauled（拖）hundredsofmiles,storedforweeksinrefrigeratorsandpreparedonbusyrestaurantassemblylines.Butthehistoricallyhighpriceofproductsismakingitanevenbiggerdragonthebottomline.Restaurants,colleges,hospitalsandotherinstitutionsarecompensatingfortherisingcostsofwasteinnovelways.Somearetrackingtheirtrashwithsoftwaresystems,makingfoodinsmallerpackagesortryingtocompost(将……制成堆肥)andcutdownontrash-haulingcosts.“Wehaveallcometoworkwiththisbigelephantinthemiddleofkitchen,andtheelephantisthis‘It’sokaytowaste’beliefsystem,”saidAndrewShackman,presidentofLeanPath,acompanythathelpsrestaurantscutbackfoodwaste.Theinterestincuttingfoodwaste“hasjustrocketedinthelastsixtoninemonths,”hesaid.Roughly30percentoffoodintheUnitedStatesgoestowaste,costingsome$48billionannually,accordingtoaStockholmInternationalWaterInstitutestudy.AUniversityofArizonastudyestimatedthat40to50percentoffoodintheUnitedStatesiswasted.Wholesalefoodcostshaverisenmorethan8percentthisyear,thebiggestjumpindecades,accordingtotheNationalRestaurantAssociation.FreshmanstudentsatVirginiaTechweresurprisedthisyearwhenthetwoofthecampus’biggestdininghallstofindtherewerenotrays.“Youhavetogobackandgetyourdishwareandyourdrink,butit’snotthatdifferent,”saidCaitlinMewborn,afreshman.“It’snotabigtrouble.Youtakelessfood,andyoudon’teatmorethanyoushould.”Gettingridoftrayshascutfoodwasteby38percentatthedininghalls,saidDennyCochrane,managerofVirginiaTech’ssustainabilityprogram.Beforetheprogrambegan,studentsoftengrabbedwhateverlookedgoodatthebuffet(自助餐),onlytofindatthetablethattheireyeswerebiggerthantheirstomachs,hesaid.56.Highpriceofproductsmakestheproblemoffoodwaste________.A.lesschallenging B.moreunbelievableC.lessnoticeable D.moreunsolvable57.WhatdoesCaitlinMewbornmostprobablythinkaboutthefactthatnotraysareprovidedinthecampus’dininghalls?A.Itdoesn’thelpcutfoodwastemuch.B.Itcausesmuchtroubleforstudents.C.Itisn’twell-receivedbythefreshmen.D.Itisefficientforcuttingfoodwaste.58.TheauthormentionsVirginiaTechasanexampletosupporttheideathat________.A.foodwastehasbeenalong-lastingchronicproblemB.novelwaysarebeingappliedtocuttingfoodwasteC.collegesaretrulythebiggestsourceoffoodwasteD.the“It’sokaytowaste”beliefsystemisinfluentialBTodisciplinemeanstoteach.Tobewelldisciplinedistohavelearnedtoliveinaccordancewiththesensiblerulesandregulationsthatsocietyhassetupforthebehaviorofitsmembers.Unlessthechildlearnsfromeachdisciplinarysituationhowbettertogovernhisconduct,effectivedisciplinehasnotbeendeveloped.Parentsmustacceptforthemselvestheideathatsuccessfuldisciplineresultsinlearning.Whentheyapproachsituationsinwhichachildmustadaptthemselvestodemandsmadeuponthemaslearningsituations,manyproblemsusuallythoughtofinconnectionwithdisciplinedisappear.Unfortunately,theworddisciplinehascometohaveotherlessconstructivemeanings.Fartoooftendisciplineisthoughtofaspunishment.Tomanypeople,todisciplineachildmeanstospank（掌掴）himorusesomeothermethodofpunishment.Suchpeopleconsiderdisciplineawayofeitherkeepingachildfromdoingsomethingorofforcinghimtodosomething.Itisthetaskofparentstobuildwithinthemselvesandwithinthechildrenwithwhomtheylivethiscapacityforself-direction,baseduponanunderstandingofwhatisrequiredofindividualsinademocraticsociety.Thismeanslearningtoactinthosewaysknowntobenecessaryforthe“goodlife”,notforone’sselfalonebutalsoforothers.Developingthecapacityforself-disciplineinachildisalong,slowprocess.Muchpatienceisrequiredonthepartoftheparents.Duringthisdevelopment,itisimportantthatthechild’sself-confidenceandcomfortableacceptanceofhimselfshouldneverbesacrificedinadisciplinarybattle;insteaditshouldbeincreasedthroughthewaysinwhichhisparentsmeetdisciplinarysituations.Manyparentsshowagooddealofimpatienceifthelittlechilddoesnotrapidlylearnhowtokeepclean,eatwell,beorderly,anddowhatheistold.Theyaresoeagerforhimtoachievethesethingsthattheyseemtotrytopushhimrapidlythroughhisbabyperiod.Theyseemalsotothinkthatlearningtodothesethingsattheearliestpossibleagewillplacethechildonejumpaheadinthecompetitiveracefoesuccess.Butexpectingtoomuchtooearlyisacommonmistakeandresultsinmanybattles.59.Accordingtothepassage,thewell-disciplinedpeoplearethose________.A.behavingandconsideringwhattheirparentsrequireB.obeyingwhatisrequiredonsomespecialoccasionsC.obeyingthereasonablerulesandsocialregulationsD.havingself-directioncapacityinademocraticsociety60.Accordingtothepassage,discipliningachildmeans________formanyparents.A.developinghiscapacityforself-directionB.helpinghimunderstandsocialrequirementC.settingvariouslimitationstohisbehaviorD.punishinghimwithonemethodoranother61.Whatmaybetheauthor’sattitudetowardsparents’expectingtheirchildrentoachievetoomuchatthepossibleearliestage?A.IndifferentB.DisapprovingC.IronicD.ConcernedCAspin-offfromtheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)calledEmpatica,hascreatedawearabledevicethatmonitorsepilepticseizures（癫痫发作）.AccordingtoStatista,thevalueoftheglobalmHealthmarketfor2015isforecastedtobeataround14.5billionU.S.dollars.Infact,247millionpeopleintheUShavedownloadedahealthcareappfortheirpersonaluse.Thenewproduct,Embrace,canbepairedwithacompanionwatchthatafamilymember,friendorcaregivercanwear.Whenthecompanionwatchisinrangeoftheuser’sEmbracewatch,itwillvibratetoalertthecompanionwatchoftheirmedicalsituationorstatus.Embraceistiedtogetherbytwoapps:aneventdetectorwhichsendsanalertwhentheuser’selectrodermalresponsereachesapresetleveltheycustomizebasedontheirhistoryandhealthprofile;andadiaryappwhichhelpsmonitorandmanageeverydayroutines..ThesensorsintheiCalmdevicemeasuredthe“fight-or-flightresponse”throughelectrodermalactivitywhichwasmeasuredfromtheskinsurface.Inasmalltestgroup,thedatafromtheiCalmshowedthatthewristbanddatawasrelatedtohowlongthebrainwavesweresuppressedafteranepilepticseizure.AccordingtoPicard,thedatashowedthebiggerthesignalonthewrist,thelongerthebrainwaveswentflataftertheseizurehadsupposedlyended.Theproblemwiththatdiscovery,accordingtotheresearchers,isthatsomeonewho’shadanepilepticseizureandthenappearstorecovershouldbemonitoredandnotleftalone.Overtime,Picardandherteamfine-tunediCalmtowhatisnowtheEmbracewatchwhichmonitorstheuser’sphysiologicalstresslevels.Embracemonitorselectrodermalactivity(EDA)andmovementwithanobjectiveofreducingSuddenUnexplainedDeathinEpilepsy(SUDEP),theleadingcauseofdeathofthosewithepilepsy.EmbracerecentlylaunchedanIndiegogocampaigntoraisefundsforfurtherproductdevelopment.ThecompanyalsohaspartneredwiththeEpilepsyFoundationandplanstogiveEmbracewatchestochildrenorfamilieswhocan’taffordthem.62.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Embracewillundoubtedlyhaveabrightmarketfuture.B.WithEmbrace,manyepilepticsufferershavegotcured.C.Embraceisunaffordableformostchildrenandfamilies.D.ThegovernmentfinanciallysupportsEmbraceadvances.63.Embraceworkswithdevicesconsistingof________.A.pairedcompanionwatches B.aneventdetectorandadiaryappC.smartsensorsintheiCalmdevice D.thesignalsshownonthewrist64.EmpaticadevelopediCalmbecauseit________.A.failedtodetectanepilepticpatientwhotendstobecuredB.wasweakinreportingtheaccuratedataofthestressoutbreakC.couldnotfigureoutthebrainwavesviasignalsonthewristD.lackedthefunctiontoexplainthesuddendeathinEpilepsy65.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.FromFine-tunediCalmtotheEmbraceWatchB.ACureofEpilepsybyPicardandherTeamC.ASmartWatchtoManageEpilepticSeizuresD.Embrace,aGreatScientificBreakthroughDTheactiveadvantagesofpassivehousingImagineahousethatkeepsitselfwarminthewintertime.Thinkofthesavingsintermsoffuelbillsandunfriendlyemissions.Suchhousesinfactexist.Called“passivehouses”,theconceptofthesehighlyenergy-efficientbuildingstookrootinaround1990,beforeslowlyconsolidatingasanicheconstructionconceptinroughly2000.Arepassivehousesnowactivelymovingintothemainstreamassustainablebuildings?

ForBrianMcGarry,aneconomicslecturerwhobuiltafamilyhousebasedonpassivehousingcriteriainthePyreneesthisyear,theargumentslookcompelling.Ashisfirstfullwinterinthelowenergyhousedrewin,weaskedhimtokeepusposted.Dopassivehouseswork?IhadneverheardofapassivehouseinFebruary2012,whenIpurchasedaplotoflandinaPyreneesvillageat1,200maltitudeontheSpanish-Frenchborder,embarkingsomewhatreluctantlyonaself-buildhousingproject.IknewwhatIwanted:acomfortable,pleasingandeconomicallysensiblehouseinanattractivelocation.AndIknewwhatIdidn’twant:acostlyprojectmanagementnightmareforaninexperiencedbuilder..Certainly,argumentsagainsttheprojectcouldbemade,suchastheuncertainresalevalueofinnovativehousesinaconservativemarket,andtheriskofbeinganearlyadopteroftechnologiesthatarerelativelynewtoSpainandFrance.AGermanarchitectrecommendedayoungCatalancolleague,JosepBunyesc,todothejobforme.In2009BunyescdesignedthefirsthouseinSpainbasedonpassivehousecriteria,builtinconjunctionwithaninnovativeindustrialspecialistinwoodenstructures,FustesSebastia.IwasdeeplyimpressedbythehousesIvisited–thefunctionality,comfortandspaciousnessofthedesigns,coupledwiththeefficiency,qualityandcostoftheconstructionmethod.Ithenhammeredoutadesignwiththearchitect–thelongestpartoftheprocess.Therestwasdisconcertinglyfast:aUSBpendrivetransmittedthedesignorderstoanautomatedwoodcuttingandassemblingfactoryinSpain.Atotalof22insulatedwallandroofstructureswerecompletedinthreeweeksand,withmostwindowsalsofitted,theseweretransportedbytrucktotheplotlocationacrosstheFrenchborder.Thehousewasthenassembledonsitebylocalhouse-buildingspecialists,Ecobois.eu,whotookanotherweektocombinethestructure,despiteadverseweatherconditionsinFebruary2013.Whatarethemainperformanceresultssofar?Aftersixmonthsinuse,thehouseisprovingtobebothcheaptorunandremarkablycomfortable–stayingcoolinthehotsummerwaseffortless,aslongasthewindowswereshutteredorshadedfromthesun.Nowstayingwarminthecold,high-altitudeDecemberclimatealsoseemseasy,sofar.Thetemperatureremainseventhroughoutthebuilding–nohotorcoldrooms–andthedynamicsofthebuilding’spassiveheatmanagementmeanthatoncethesunshineswithreasonableregularity,thehousestayscomfortable,evenwhenempty.Arrivingonacoldnightafteranextendedabsencehassofarnotbeenaconcern..66.TheauthorstatesinParagraph1thatpassivehousing________.A.callsforenergytokeepwarminwinterandcoolinsummerB.hadbeenpromotedforadecadebeforethebirthofitstheoryC.catchesonwithboththeself-buildersandthoseconstructorsD.referstoacertainhousecomfortable,costlyandalsopleasing67.y________.A.usingsouth-facingwindowstotakeinsolarenergyB.providingenergyfortakingashowerwhenit’srainyC.supplyingfreshairwithaspecialheatrecoverysystemD.placingmuchmoredemandsandlimitsonthedesign68.Accordingtothepassage,passivehousingturnsoutpromisingbecauseitis________.A.reasonableinpracticeandeasytooperateB.relativelywarminwinterandcoolinsummerC.muchcheapertorunandcomfortabletoliveinD.quiteeconomicalandenvironmentallyfriendly69.Howdidtheauthorfindhisself-builthouse?A.Veryunaffordable. B.Energy-consuming.C.Comfortabletolive. D.Farfromeco-friendly.70.Whichofthefollowingisclosesttothemeaningoftheunderlinedwords“hammeredout”?A.decidedon B.workedout C.referredto D.thoughtup第四部分：任务型阅读（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只写一个单词。PeopleseekingrelaxationduringtheNationalDay(Oct1)holidaysmayfindthemselvesinadilemma.Whileanicetripduringtheone-weekbreakmayseemagoodchoice,itcouldalsoendupindisappointment,consideringtheoverwhelmingcrowdscrammingallthepopulartouristsitesaroundthecountry.Inrecentyears,newsheadlineshaveshownvisitorsjammingtouristattractionsliketheForbiddenCityandtheGreatWallinBeijingaswellastheWestLakeinHangzhou,Zhejiangprovince,evencapturingtheattentionofthosewhodidn'ttravel.Well,couldRobertFrost'spoemabouttakingtheroadlesstraveledgiveusalittleinspirationforchoosingyourdestinations?MountMountSanqingisafamedsacredTaoistmountain40kmnorthofYushancountryinJiangxiprovince.SanqinginChinesemeansthe“threePureOnes”asMountThelandscaperesemblesfamousMountTheShunanTheBambooSeainYibin,SouthwestChina’sSichuanprovince,is600to1,000metersabovesealevelandisknownforitsbambooforestsandbeautifulviews.Itstretchesoveranareaof120sqkmwithmorethan500hillsdenselycoveredwithvariouskindsofbamboo.TheBagua(Eight-diagram)VillageLocatedinZhejiang’sLanxicity,it’saquaintvillagewhoselayoutresemblesthefamousEight-diagrampattern.LegendhasitthatitwasdesignedbyZhugeLiang,wholivedduringtheThreeKingdoms(AD220-280)andisregardedasthereincarnation（再生）ofwisepeoplebymanyChinese.ThevillagershaveclaimedtobedirectdescendentsofZhugeLiang.YaoliTheancienttownofYaoliinJiangxiprovinceisperhapslessknowncomparedtoJingdezhen,the“ceramicscapitalofChina”.However,it’saplacewitharichhistory,plentyoftraditionalbuildingsandbeautifullandscapes,andthelocalsstillliveharmoniouslywithnature.TheMalingTheMalingRiverCanyoninXingyicity,inGuizhouprovinceisnotedforitskarstoutcrops,deeprifts,waterfallsandcurtainsofcalciumdeposits.Touristscanspendthebetterpartofadayfollowingawindingpaththroughthelushcanyon,crossingbridgesuptoandbehindcascadingwaterfalls.Thecanyonhasabout100waterfalls.ThePearSaihanbaSaihanbaNationalForestParkisinHebei’sWeichangManzuandMongolianautonomouscountry,about460kmmortheastofBeijing.TheparkusedtobepartoftheroyalhuntinggroundintheQingDynasty(1644-1911).The273-sq-kmpark,risingbetween1,100to1,940metersabovesealevel,featuresvastmeadows,aplateaulake,adiversityofanimalandplantsandsomehistoricalrelicsfromtheQingDynasty.WildYeyaLake,orWildDuckLake,inBeijing’sYanqingcounty,isoneofthemostfamousdestinationsforbirdwatchingnearthecity.Thelake,with2,000hectaresofwaterareaand3,300hectaresofwetlandandgrassland,hasbeendesignatedasareservemainlyformigratorybirds.Infact,it’salsoanidealplacetoenjoythebeautifulsceneryandcleanair.PresentsituationPresentsituationsaboutpopulartravelingsitesSome73aboutdestinationstomakeSomescenicplaceslesstraveled●Toomanytouristsgetcrammedintothepopulartravelingsites,71forthecrowdedjams.●Someless-traveledscenicspots72touringfortheirattractivescenery.●MountSanqing:Itslandscapeis74tothatofMount●TheShunanBambooSea:It75anareaof120sqkmwithvariousbamboos.●TheBaguaVillage:Thevillageisconsideredastherebirthplaceofpeoplewith76.●YaoliTown:Peopleofthishistorictownlivewithnaturein77.●TheMalingRiverCanyon:Visitorscanfollowa78paththroughthecanyonwithwaterfalls.●SaihanbaNationalForestPark:Itonce79astheroyalhuntinggroundintheQingDynasty.●WildDuckLake:Thelakeisdesignedtobeareserveforbird80andbird-watching.第五部分：书面表达（满分25分）81.请阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。Howmanytimeshaveyouheardtheexpressionthatmostpeoplespendmoretimeplanningtheirvacationthantheydoplanningtheirlives.Iwouldexpandthatexpressionbyaddingthatmostpeoplespendmoretime“thinking”abouttheirvacationthantheydothinkingaboutwhat'simportantintheirlife.Whilerestandrelaxationareamustinlivingabalancedlife,it’snotwhatwewerecreatedtodo.Afterall,theMasterCreatortookhisR&R(RestandRecreation)ontheseventhday,onlyaftersixdaysof“definitelydirectedthought.”WallaceD.Wattles,wrote“Thereisnolaborfromwhichmostpeopleshrinkastheydofromthatofsustainedandcontinuousthought;itisthehardestworkintheworld.”Andyetitisthefirstandprimarylaborofachievement.Whatisyourlife’spurposeoryourpersonalmissionstatement?Isitwrittendown?Doyoureviewitandthinkaboutitoften?Isyourlifeorganizedaroundyourpurposeandasetofgoalsthatsupportthatpurpose?Withoutpurposeandgoals—definitelydirectedthought—youareliketheproverbial“shipwithoutarudder（舵）.”Thereispowerinyourpurposeandinyourgoals.Itisthepowerthattakesyouoverobstacles,thefuelthatpushesyoutowardthelifeyouexpect.[写作内容]1．用约30个单词写出上文概要；2．用约120词发表你的观点，内容包括：（1）读完这篇文章后，你对目标的认识是什么？（2）你的近期（short-term）和远期（long-term）目标分别是什么？（3）为了实现你的目标，你现在打算怎么做？[写作要求]1.作文中可以使用亲身经历或虚构故事；2.阐述观点或提供论据时，不得直接引用原文语句；3.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；4.不必写标题。[评分标准]内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。

扬州市2014-2015学年度第一学期高三期末质量检测英语参考答案1-5ACAAC6-10BACAB11-15BCCBB16-20CBAAC21-25AADBB26-30BBDAC31-35CDCCD36-40BDACB41-45BDACD46-50CADAC51-55BCADB56-58DDB59-61CDB62-65ABAC66-70BDACA71.making72.deserve73.options/choices/alternatives74.similar75.covers76.wisdom77.harmony78.winding79.acted/functioned/served80.migrationPossibleversion:Despitethefactthatconstructingyourfuturewithgoalsistough,itdoesmakeadifferenceduringtheprocessofyourlife,asitguaranteesyourrightdirectionofconstantachievements.Personally,itcanneverbetootruethatlifecannotshinewithoutgoals.Nomatterwhatyoudo,solongasyouaredeterminedtoachieve,goalsarenecessary.Everybodyhashisowngoalswithnoexceptionofme.Beingamanusefultosocietyismylong-termgoal.However,atpresent,toanidealuniversityisundoubtedlymydesire.Fewpeoplecansurvivewellunlessequippedwithabundantknowledge.Inanefforttorealizemydream,hardworkseemsthebestandonlychoice.NotonlywillImakemystudyplansindetail,butthemostimportantistoputmyplansintorealaction.OnlywithgreateffortscanIattainfurthereducationandeventuallystepintofuturewithgreatconfidence.阅读理解注解A56.选D。第一段的最后一句与第一句提到的chronicproblem比起来，该段最后一句的evenbiggerdrag表明食物价格的上涨使浪费食物的问题变得更加难以解决，而下一段提到的减少浪费的方法也证明了第一段说明的应该是减少食物浪费问题的难度，故选D。57.选D。第七段提到，CaitlinMewborn认为这种做法能让学生吃多少就拿多少，从而减少食物浪费，故选D。58.选B。本题考查主旨大意，第一段和第二段以因果逻辑关系点出文章主题：因为第一段食品浪费的问题很严重，因此第二段各种机构试图用心的方法去解决，故选B。B59.选C。细节理解题。根据文章第一段…liveinaccordancewith…可以知道纪律性强的人是遵守规矩的，所以C项正确。60.选D。细节理解题。根据第三段的Tomanypeople,todisciplineachildmeanstospank（掌掴）himorusesomeothermethodofpunishment.可以知道：对很多家长而言，规范孩子就是惩罚孩子，所以选D项。61.选B。推理判断题。本文作者提倡的规矩孩子的方法是教育，而父母常用的方法的惩罚，所以作者的态度是反对的，所以选B项。C62.选A。推理判断题。根据第二段中thevalueoftheglobalmHealthmarketfor2015isforecastedtobeataround14.5billionU.S.dollars……得知Embracewatch前景广阔。故A项正确。63.选B。细节理解题。根据文章第四段Embraceistiedtogetherbytwoapps:aneventdetector……;andadiaryapp……得知Embrace装置由两部分组成。故B项正确。64.选A。细节理解题。根据倒数第三段末尾句Theproblemwiththatdiscovery,accordingtotheresearchers,isthat可得知，之前的iCalmdevice存在缺陷。所以选A项。65.选C。推理判断题。根据图示和第三段以及后来的讲述，整篇文章讲述的是Embracewatch。所以选C项。D66.选B。事实辨析题。由第一段第三句“theconceptofthesehighlyenergy-efficientbuildingstookrootinthe1990s,beforeslowlyconsolidatingasanicheconstructionconceptinthe2000s”可知，B为正确答案。A项与文章内容不吻合。第一段提到“ahousethatkeepsitselfwarminthewintertime”这样的房子在夏天如何，第一段并未说明。C项意为passivehousing非常受自建房者和建筑人员欢迎，这显然与文章不一致。由第一段最后一句提问可知，能否成为主流值得怀疑。由“Thinkofthesavingsintermsoffuelbillsandunfriendlyemissions”可知D错误，costly花费高的，而事实上这是节俭的、宜人的、环保的。67.选D。由第三段倒数第二句“Nosignificantlimitationswereplacedonthedesign”可知passivehousing对于设计并没有特别明显的限制。ABC均为其主要特征，由第四段第三句均可找到相关依据。68.选A。推理判断题。根据文章passivehousing很有前景，主要在于操作技术成熟、简便可行。由第四段第二句可知。69.选C。由倒数第二段第一句“Aftersixmonthsinuse,thehouseisprovingtobebothcheaptorunandremarkablycomfortable–stayingcoolinthehotsummerwaseffortless,”可知，自己的自建房是舒适、便宜、环保的，故选择C。A，B，D很明显与文章意思不一致。70.选Ａ。词义猜测题。由第六段第三句可知，“IwasdeeplyimpressedbythehousesIvisited–thefunctionality,comfortandspaciousnessofthedesigns,coupledwiththeefficiency,qualityandcostoftheconstructionmethod”我对于passivehousing设计，其功能、舒适、宽大以及建筑效率、质量、开销等印象深刻，然后和这位建筑师花了很长时间，共同协商敲定了一个设计方案。所以，这儿decideon最为合适。workout算出，制定出；referto参考，提到；thinkup想出。书面表达评分标准一、评分原则：1.本题总分为25分，按5个档次给分。2.评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。3.词数少于130和多于170的，从总分中减去2分。用笔：铅笔、红笔答题一律零分。4.评分时，应注意要点内容、词汇应用、语法结构的数量、准确性，并考虑使用一定数量的较复杂结构或较高级词汇。通篇文章句型单调、无关联词、文章欠流畅、时态错误降档处理。书面表达要点：内容要点无遗漏。按照评分标准评分。1）对上文的概况（6分）。2）对目标的认识（6分）。3）近期和远期目标（7分）。4）实现目标的打算（6分）。5.拼写与标点符号：是语言正确性的一个方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。相同错误只扣分一次。6、大错：句子结构、时态、语态、句子缺谓语动词等为大错。小错：介词、冠词、单词拼写、大小写、标点符号等为小错。3个小错相当于1个大错。按照评分标准评分。7.如书写较差，以至影响交际，将分数降低一个档次。投机：开头一段和最后一段切题，中间部分从阅读理解中抄一段判零分二.各档次的给分范围和要求第五档（很好）：（21-25分）完全完成了试题规定的任务。★覆盖所有内容要点。★应用较多的语法结构和词汇。★语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致；具备较强的语言运用能力。★有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。★完全达到了预期的写作目的第四档（好）：（16-20分）完全完成了试题规定的任务。★虽漏掉了一两个次重点,但覆盖所有主要内容。★应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。★语法结构或词汇方面应用基本准确，些许错误主要是因为尝试复杂语法结构或词汇所致。★应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。★达到了预期的写作目的。第三档：（一般）（10-15分）基本完成了试题规定的任务。★虽然漏掉一些内容，但覆盖所有的主要内容。★应用的语法结构或词汇能满足任务的要求。★有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，但不影响理解。★应用简单的语句间连接成分，使全文内容连贯。★整体而言，基本达到了预期的写作目的。第二档：（差）（5-10分）未恰当完成试题规定的任务★漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要内容，写了一些无关内容。★语法结构单调，词汇项目有限。★有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响了对写作内容的理解。★较少使用语句间的连接成分，内容缺少连贯性。★信息未能清楚的传递给读者。第一档（很差）：（0-5分）未能完成了试题规定的任务。★明显遗漏主要内容要点，写了一些无关内容，原因可能是未能理解试题要求。★语法结构简单、词汇项目有限。★较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响对写作内容的理解。★缺乏语句间的连接成分，内容不连贯。★信息未能传达给读者。听力材料【录音原文】Text1W:Goodmorning,Hank.ItiswonderfultobebackinEngland.M:I’msogladtoseeyouagain,andit’sovertenyearsnowsinceweleftuniversity.Text2M:Whenareyouleaving?W:Ihaveboughttheplanetic