2023新教材高考英语二轮专题复习专题二阅读七选五先定性再定位第二讲补全“首中尾”准解七选五

第二讲补全“首、中、尾”，准解七选五清迷点扫盲点·提升审题能力句子在段落中的位置不同，所起的作用也不同。命题人之所以采用段首、段中和段尾三种挖空方式，正是利用挖空位置的暗示作用和挖空上下文的提示作用，来考查考生的逻辑思维能力。本讲从空格位置及所承担的语意关系方面讲解做题技法，使考生做题时灵活运用解题技法，游刃有余地解答阅读七选五。技法1段首主题句/段落小标题经典感悟●【典例1】[2022·新高考Ⅱ卷节选]Writinganessayisadifficultprocessformostpeople.However,theprocesscanbemadeeasierifyoulearntopracticethreesimpletechniques.__36__Whenyouarefirsttryingtothinkofideasforanessay，putyourpentoyourpaperandwritenonstopfortenorfifteenminuteswithoutlettingyourpenleavethepaper.Staylooseandfree.37.Let__your__pen__follow__the__waves__of__thought.Don'tworryaboutgrammarorspelling.Eventhoughthistechniquewon'tworkforeveryone，ithelpsmanypeoplegetagoodstoreofideastodrawon.A．Makesureyourhandwritingisneat.B．Letyourpenfollowthewavesofthought.C．Theseconddraftoftheessayshouldbebetter.D．Firstofall，learnthetechniqueofnonstopwriting.E．Toomanywriterstrytogettheirdraftsrightthefirsttime.F．Manybeginningwritersdon'tleaveenoughspacetorevise.G.Thenyoucanprintoutafreshdraft，againsettingyourtextontriple­space.解析：本题考查段落主题句。分析文章结构可知，空格处是本段的主题句。由空后的“Whenyouarefirst...leavethepaper.”可知，本段主要讲的是要学会不间断地写。自主解答：________【典例2】[2020·新高考Ⅱ卷]·__39__Yourmedicalhistoryisalistofyourillnesses,treatments,whatthedoctorstoldyoutodo,andanythingelseyouthinkyourdoctorshouldknow.Also,ifyouareallergic(过敏)toanymedicines,besuretomentionthattoyourdoctor.A．Thiswillmakegettinganswerseasier.B．Herearesometipsfortalkingwithyourdoctor.C．Youcantalktoanotherdoctorifthetreatmentsdon'twork.D．Beforeyourdoctor'svisit,keepnotesonhowyouarefeeling.E．Remember,yourdoctorandothercaregiversareonyourside.F．Bringyourmedicalhistory,includingalistofyourcurrentmedicines.G．Writingdownwhatthedoctorsayswillhelpyourememberimportantinformation.解析：该段主要涉及对病历的介绍，故F项“Bringyourmedicalhistory,includingalistofyourcurrentmedicines.(带上你的病历，包括你目前的药物清单)”适合作本段的小标题。自主解答：________答题微点●设空特点1．若是针对段落小标题设空，其呈现形式应和其他小标题相同，因此，考生做题时，观察其他段落标题的句式结构，根据结构相同的原则，缩小范围，选择短小精悍、多为名词词组、动词­ing形式短语或祈使句作为小标题。2．设空在段首，如果设空处恰好处于段落主旨句的位置，则该处应为段落主旨句，然后根据本段内容做出选择。图解技巧段首设空题[听课记录]技法2段中设空题经典感悟●【典例3】[2022·新高考Ⅱ卷]Thenexttechniqueistowriteyourdraftrapidlywithoutworryingaboutbeingperfect.__38__Yet,bylearningtolivewithimperfection,youwillsaveyourselfheadachesandawastepaperbasketfullofcrumpled(弄皱)paper.Thinkofyourfirstdraftasapathcutoutofthejungle—aspartofanexploration,notasacompletehighway.A．Makesureyourhandwritingisneat.B．Letyourpenfollowthewavesofthought.C．Theseconddraftoftheessayshouldbebetter.D．Firstofall，learnthetechniqueofnonstopwriting.E．Toomanywriterstrytogettheirdraftsrightthefirsttime.F．Manybeginningwritersdon'tleaveenoughspacetorevise.G.Thenyoucanprintoutafreshdraft，againsettingyourtextontriple­space.解析：此处考查过渡句。由空格后转折词Yet可知，空格处应该表示转折关系，E选项中的“gettheirdrafts”和上文的“writeyourdraft”相呼应，说明了有很多人想第一次就写好，这是不合理的，要学会允许不完美的存在，因此E选项承上启下，符合语境。自主解答：________答题微点●设空特点段中设空即主题句的展开句。尤其注意分析空格前后的逻辑关系及内容的连贯性，注意各句间的衔接手段。其特点主要是以转折手法引出主题句，或者是用来承上启下的过渡句，也可能是补充前文的具体事实、事例和说明。解此类试题时首先应确定所缺的句子是过渡句还是细节句，对于这两类句子，我们将采用不同的方法来解题。图解技巧段中设空题技法3段尾设空题经典感悟●[2022·浙江卷1月]Ihavethesame24hoursinadayasyoudo,butIhavemadespecificchoicesthatallowmetomakethemostofeveryday,andstillfeelhappyandrelaxed.__31__•Pickthemostimportant.32．Make__choices__about__what__is__meaningful__in__your__life.Focusonspendingtimethatforyouisfunandproductive.IchosethelifeofanadviserbecauseIliketoworkwithcompanies,butdon'twantthelifeofabigcompanyCEO.MychoicesarebasedonthelifestyleIwant.A.Speedup.B．Beanactivelearner.C．Stoptryingtobalancetimebetweenthemall.D．Makechoicesaboutwhatismeaningfulinyourlife.E．Thethingsyoudowellusuallygiveyougreaterjoy.F．Perhapsthesetipswillhelpyoumakethemostofyourtime.G．Thisiswhymakinglistsisimportantinanyproductivityhandbook.解析：此处考查段尾总结句。空前提到作者能够充分利用时间，并且依然会感到开心和放松；下文各段是作者就如何高效利用时间给出的几点建议。由此可知，F项“也许这些建议将帮助你充分利用时间”承上启下，符合语境。自主解答：________答题微点●设空特点1．首段末尾处2．过渡句：在段尾的句子，有时承上启下，应注意瞻前顾后，段尾句有时是为了引出下一段的内容。3．细节句：段尾句作为细节句时，常是对空前内容的补充，或者与空前内容是并列、递进、转折或因果关系。图解技巧段尾设空题[听课记录]练重点练难点·创新应用体验Test1[2022·广西高三第一次适应性测试]SomepeoplelovethetraditionofsettingagoaloneachJan.1st.__1__ButthereisactuallyalogictojoiningtheNewYear'sresolutiontrend.Ifyouwanttoincreaseyourchancesofstickingtoyour2022NewYear'sresolution,behavioralscientistshavediscoveredafewtechniquesthatcanhelp.·Makeitmeasurable.Anunclear,ill­definedtarget,suchas“getfitter”，isareasonforafailedresolution.Toincreaseyourchancesofsuccess,askyourselfwhatyouconsider“fitter”andhowyoucanachievethis.Abettersolutionmightbe“run5kminXminutes”.__2__Specificgoalsallowyoutotrackprogress,whichinturncanmotivateyou.·Makeitfun.Ifyougetpleasurefromyourworkoutsorstudysessions,researchhasfoundyou'llcarryonlonger.__3__Forexample,onlylettingyourselfdrinkamochalatteduringstudysessionssothereisanattractiontogetyoutothelibrary.·__4__Ensuringyou'llfacesomepunishmentifyoudon'tachieveyourNewYear'sresolutioncanworkwonders.Oneeasywaytodothisisbytellingafewpeopleaboutyourgoalsoyou'llfeelashamediftheycheckbacklaterandfindyouhaven'tfollowedthrough.·Getalittlehelpfromyourfriends.Spendingtimearoundhighachieverscanpromoteyourownperformance.Ifyourresolutionistorunamarathon,you'dbewisetostarthangingaroundwithfriendswho'vemadeittothefinishinglineandcanshowyouhowit'sdone.__5__Becauseyou'lltendtolearntheirpatternsofbehavior.A．Considerapunishment.B．Figureoutyourresolutionlist.C．You'reextramotivatedtosetyourgoals.D．You'llpickupabitjustbyspendingtimetogether.E．Youcouldevenadddeadlinesforreachingcertainimportantstages.F．Othersargueit'sawasteoftimesincemostresolutionsfailbymid­March.G．Onewaytomakegoingforagoalmorefunistocombineitwithapleasure.Test2[2022·福州高三毕业班诊断性联考]Nomatterwhatyourgoalsareinlife,thereisonegreatlawthatyouneedtoobeyinordertobesuccessful:Nooneelseisgoingtoprovidetheladder(梯子)ofsuccessforyou.__1__Fromthedayyouleaveyourparents'house,youareresponsibleforyourlifeandthechoicesyoumake.Ifyouwantabetterlife,youneedtomakebetterdecisions.__2__However,itdoesn'tchangeanything.Onlyyoucanchangeyourlifebychangingthechoicesyoumake.Takeresponsibilityforeverythinginyourlife.Evenifit'snotinyourdirectcontrol,youcanalwayschoosehowyourespond.__3__Ifyouchoosewhatisfunandeasyoverwhatisnecessary,youwillneverreachthelevelsofsuccessandhappinessyouarecapableofachievinginyourlife.That'sbecauseeverygreatvictoryrequiresgreatsacrifice.Ifsuccesswereeasy,everybodywouldbesuccessful.Thereisnothingthatyoucan'tachievewithhardwork.Peopleoftenthinkthattheirliveswillsuddenlychangethroughsomemagicaleventinthefuture.__4__Yourlifechangesonlytotheextentthatyouchange.Nothingwilleverchangeifyoudon'tchangewhatyoudodaily.Agreatwaytoactivelycreateyourfutureistoaskyourself:IfIalreadyachievedmygoals,howwouldIactonadailybasis?WhatbookswouldIread,howoftenwouldIworkout,andhowwouldIspendmytimeattheoffice?__5__A．Butthatisnotthecase.B．Nooneelseisresponsibleforyourlife.C．Nowthesequestionsseemlikemagictoyou.D．Nothingelsecanbethedriveforyoursuccess.E.Onceyouanswerthesequestions,youknowwhattodo.F．Thebiggestenemytosuccessistakingthepathofleastresistance.G．Youcanblameotherpeopleforyourlackofhappinessalllifelong.[答题区]Test1.1～5________________Test2.1～5________________第二讲补全“首、中、尾”，准解七选五清迷点扫盲点提升审题能力技法1答案：1.D2.F技法2答案：E技法3答案：F练重点练难点创新应用体验Test1语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自我——工作与学习——新年计划【语篇解读】本文介绍了关于制订新年计划的几条建议，包括制订明确的目标、制订有趣的目标、仔细考虑无法实现目标的惩戒措施等。1．答案与解析：F根据下句“Butthereisactually...resolutiontrend”可知，制订新年计划是有理可循的。由But可知，空处与此相反，一些人会认为制订新年计划是浪费时间。“...areasonforafailedresolution”也是提示。故选F项。2．答案与解析：E根据上句“Abettersolutionmightbe‘run5km