2012年暑假张冰语法教案 文档 (3)1

陈娜老师班级专用语法教案一Therebe句型1Therebe"有"，其确切含意为"某处或某时存在某人或某物。"其结构是：Therebe+某人或某物+表示地点或时间的状语。Therebe后面的名词实际上是主语，be动词的形式要和主语在数上保持一致，be动词后面的名词是单数或不可数名词时用is，名词是复数时用are。例如：(1)Thereisabigbottleofcokeonthetable.桌上有一大瓶子可乐。(2)Thereisadollinthebox.那个盒子里有个娃娃。(3)Therearemanyapplesonthetree.那树上有许多苹果。一练习1There_____anappleonthedesk.2There______threeapplesonthedesk.3There_______apenonthedesk.4There_______twobooksonthedesk.5There_____anorangeinthebox.6There______abigrulerinthebag.7There_______somebooksinthebag.8There______somebirdsinthesky.9There_____apenandtwobooksinthebag.10There_____fiveroomsinmyhouse.11There______twoapplesandapearonthedesk.12There______manybananasinthebox.13There_______manyboysinthepark.2some和any的用法在肯定句中，用some表示：一些。在否定和疑问句中，用any表示：一些。some/any

(1)some和any既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词。但有以下两点需要注意。some常用于肯定句中，any常用于否定句和疑问句中。如：

Thereissomewaterintheglass.Isthereanywaterintheglass?Thereisn'tanywaterintheglass.(2)在说话者希望得到肯定答复的一般疑问句中，或在表示请求，邀请的疑问句中，我们依然用some。如：

Wouldyoulikesometea?练习：1用some,any填空1Ihavegot________apples.2Icanhave________pens.3Haveyougot_______toys?4Ican’teat_________lemons.5Thereis______milkinthekitchen.6Thereare_______applesonthedesk.7Isthere________waterinthecup?8Therearenot______pensinthebag..9Ihavenotgot________dresses.10Ilike________monkeys.11Idon'tlike______mangos.12Doyoulike_________bananas?2用are,is,any,some,a填空1.Thereis_____milkinthebottle.2.There__________bananasonthetalbe.3.Thereisn’t_____waterintheglass.4.Thereare______flowersinthegarden.5.There____not_____eggsinthebasket.6.There____somesausagesinthebowl.7.There__________dogrunningafterthecat.8.There____________cheeseinthekitchen.9.Therearen’t______chipsinthebox.10.Thereisn’t______soupinthebowl.二现在进行时表示：现在正在进行的事情或动作。翻译为“某人正在做某事”。其结构如下：现在进行时的肯定句结构：主语+be动词+动词ing形式（现在分词）+其它。现在进行时的否定句结构：主语+be动词+not+动词ing形式（现在分词）+其它。Isnot=isn’tarenot=aren’tIamnot=I’mnot现在进行时的疑问句结构：Be动词+主语+动词ing形式（现在分词）+其它?肯定回答：Yes,主语+be动词。否定回答：No,主语+be动词+not。当肯定句变否定句时，不要忘记第一人称变为第二人称。在做肯定和否定回答时，用人称代词代替问句中的人。一将动词改写成现在分词1，walk2,eat3,drink4,sit5,sing6,swim7,dance8,run9,write10,jump二现在进行时态填空1Tomandhisdad______________(swim)now.2Look!Thedog_________________(run)inthepark.3He_______________________(do)hishomework.4We_____________________(watchTV)inthelivingroom.5Look!Mydad____________(read)abook.6She_____________________(dance)inthepark.7Daming_______________(swim)intheswimmingpool.8They__________________(bounce)aball.9I_____________(sing)inthepark.10Thefrog_____________(jump)11Theboy_____________________(hop).12Mymum_________________(cook)inthekitchen.13We_____________(go)tothepark.三改错1Mymumisdancinginthepark.2Shearesinging.3Damingamrunning.4Iamruninginthepark.5Hearejumping.6Thefrogisjumpping.7Theyisdoinghomework.8Mymumisdrawwing.9Patisplayyinginthepark.10Iissleepinginthebedroom。11Bobbyishaveingsupperinthedining-room.12Bobbbyistakeingabathinthebathroom.13Bobbyarewashinginthebathroom.三可数名词和不可数名词名词分为：可数名词和不可数名词可数名词又分为：可数名词单数和可数名词复数名词复数变化规则如下：1一般情况下，直接在名词后加s.2以s,x,ch,sh结尾的名词加es.3以o结尾的名词，英雄hero,爱吃土豆potato和西红柿tomato+es.其它以o结尾的名词+s.4辅音字母+y结尾的单词，把y改i+es.5元音字母+y结尾的单词，直接+s.6f或fe结尾的单词，去掉f或fe+ves.7th结尾的单词直接+s.8特殊变化manmenchildchildrenfootfeettoothteethmousemicefishfishsheepsheep9不可数名词hairsandwaterjuicemilkcokeglue相关练习bookcatdogfrogmonkeypandaapplepearwifegiraffebeebirdkitebikehousehorsehenjacketlamplemonmangoorangepineapplequeenrabbitumbrellavestwindowfoxpeachboxzebragirlarmbusbedzoopotatocitydaytomatopianomouthbambooboyfoottoothmousemanchildfishsheep四代词代词是代替名词的词，它分为人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、疑问代词等。人称代词：表示“我”“你”“他”“我们”“你们”“他们”等词，叫做人称代词，人称代词有人称、数和格之分，具体参见下表：单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称Imeweus第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称hesheithimherittheythem2.物主代词表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词，也可叫做代词所有格。物主代词有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种，见下表：形容词性物主代词单数复数第一人称myour第二人称youryour第三人称hisheritstheir名词性物主代词单数复数第一人称mineours第二人称yoursyours第三人称hishersitstheirs人称代词和物主代词练习Simplechoose(1)Mydressisshort,but(hers,mine)islong.(2)Hispenisnew,but(mine,its)isold.(3)Yourcoatisdirty,but(hers,yours)isclean.(4)Hispetisacat,but(hers,its)isadog.(5)Thisis(my,mine)cat.(6)Thoseare(their,theirs)books.(7)Myhairisshort,but(hers,mine)islong.(8)Hisbikeisnew,but(mine,its)isold.(9)Yourcoatisbig,but(its,hers)issmall.(10)Herscarfisdirty,but(hers,yours)isclean.(11)Oursweatersarehere,but(theirs,its)arethere.(12)Hisbeardisshort,but(his,he)islong.(13)Hishairisblack,but(her,hers)isblonde(14)Theirbagsaregreen,but(ours,its)areyellow.(15)Hispetisadog,but(hers,its)isacat.(16)OurshoesarefromShanghai,but(ours,theirs)arefromNanjing.2.将下列句子改为同义句（1）Thisismypencil.(2)Thesepensareours.(3)Thatisourschool.(4)Thoseflowersarehers.Thisismybike.Thebikeis____.Thatisyourpet.Thepetis____.Thisishiswatch.Thewatchis_____.Thatisherstar.Thestaris____.Thatisourschool.Theschoolis___.Thisistheirroom.Theroomis_____.五一般现在时(TheSimplePresentTense)用法(一)be动词的一般现在时表示：……是……….1肯定句结构主语+is/am/are+其它。Iamadoctor.Heisshort.Wearefriends.2否定句结构主语+is/am/are+not+其它。Iamnotadoctor.Heisnotshort.Wearenotfriends.注意isnot=isn’tarenot=aren’tIamnot=I’mnotI’notadoctor.Heisn’tshort.Wearen’tfriends.3疑问句的结构Is/are/am+主语+其它？Yes,……is/am/are..No,……isn’t/aren’t.No,I’mnot.练习1我是一个女孩。2大明是一个男孩。3我的妈妈是一个老师。（mymum,ateacher）4我们是高兴的。（we,happy）5她是难过的吗？（she,sad）是的，她是。不，她不是。6它们是兔子。（they,rabbits）7它们是兔子吗？是的，它们是。不，它们不是。8它们不是兔子。9它不是一只猫。（it,acat）10它是一只小狗。(二)can的一般现在时表示一个人的能力。肯定句：主语+can+动词原形+其它。否定句：主语+cannot+动词原形+其它。（cannot=can’t）疑问句：Can+主语+动词原形+其它？肯定回答：Yes,主语can.否定回答：No,主语can’t.。1我能唱歌。否定句：疑问句：肯定回答：否定回答：2你能跳舞。否定句：疑问句：肯定回答：否定回答3他能玩足球。否定句：疑问句：肯定回答：否定回答：4我们能看见一只猫。否定句：疑问句：肯定回答：否定回答5他们能看见两个苹果。否定句：疑问句：肯定回答：否定回答：6大明能跑。否定句：疑问句：肯定回答：否定回答7我妈妈能做饭。否定句：疑问句：肯定回答：否定回答：8我妈妈和我能读书。否定句：疑问句：肯定回答：否定回答（三）实义动词的过去时1.表经常或习惯性的动作：Igetupat6:30everyday.HereadsEnglisheverymorning.2.表示一个人的喜好Shelikesnoodles.Ilikerabbits.3.表示现在的状态：He’stwelve.She’satwork.4.表主语具备的性格和能力等：Icanswim.TheyspeakEnglish.5.普遍真理和自然规律：Twoplusfourissix.Themoongoesaroundtheearth.连用的单词：常与every+表时间的名词(everyday,everyweek,everymonth),always,usually,often,sometimes,never等连用实义动词的一般现在时句式构成：肯定句：1）主语（I/We/You/They）+实义动词+其他我周日学英语。IstudyEnglishonSaturdays.他们每天都看电视。TheywatchTVeveryday.2）主语（He/She/It）+实义动词单三形式+其他他周日学英语。HestudiesEnglishonSaturdays.Lucy每天都看电视LucywatchesTVeveryday.否定句：1）主语（I/We/You/They）+do+not+动词原形+其他我周日不学英语。Idon’tstudyEnglishonSaturdays.他们每天都不看电视。Theydon’twatchTVeveryday.2）主语（He/She/It）+does+not+动词原形+其他他周日不学英语。Hedoesn’tstudyEnglishonSaturdays.Lucy每天都不看电视。Lucydoesn’twatchTVeveryday.一般疑问句1）Do+主语（I/we/you/they）+动词原形+其他？你周日学英语吗？DoyoustudyEnglishonSaturdays?他们每天都看电视吗？DotheywatchTVeveryday?2）Does+主语（he/she/it）+动词原形+其他？他周日学英语吗？DoeshestudyEnglishonSaturdays?特殊疑问句：疑问词+do/does+主语+动词原形+其他？Whatdoyouwant?（she）Whatdoesshewant?Whattimedoyouhavelunch?(she)Whattimedoesshehavelunch?Whatdoyoudo?(she)Whatdoesshedo?Howmanytomatoesdoyouwant?(he)Howmanytomatoesdoeshewant?Howdoyougotowork?(yourfather)Howdoesyourfathergotowork?动词第三人称单数形式变化规律1.在动词后+splay-plays2.在以sxchsho结尾的动词+espass-passesmix—mixeswatch—watchesbrush—brushesdo—doesgo-goes3.以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，先变y为i，再加esfly—fliesstudy--studies4.变havehas一写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式talk______stop______play______say______buy_____fly______study_______like_______make______take______love_______become_______come_______drive_______leave_____ride_______write_______give______see______swim_____stop______sit_______let_______cut_______run______wash_____watch_______teach_____fish_______go_______do_____二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.Heoften________(have)dinnerathome.2.DanielandTommy_______(be)inClassOne.3.We_______(notwatch)TVonMonday.4.Nick_______(notgo)tothezooonSunday.5.______they________(like)theWorldCup?6.What_______theyoften_______(do)onSaturdays?7._______yourparents_______(read)newspaperseveryday?8.Thegirl_______(teach)usEnglishonSundays.9.SheandI________(take)awalktogethereveryevening.10.There________(be)somewaterinthebottle.11.Mike_______(like)cooking.12.They_______(have)thesamehobby.13.Myaunt_______(look)afterherbabycarefully.14.Youalways_______(do)yourhomeworkwell.15.I_______(be)ill.I’mstayinginbed.16.She_______(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.17.LiuTao_______(do)notlikePE.18.Thechildoften_______(watch)TVintheevening.19.SuHaiandSuYang_______(have)eightlessonsthisterm.20.

－Whatday_______(be)ittoday?－It’sSaturday.三、按照要求改写句子1.DanielwatchesTVeveryevening.(改为否定句)_________________________2.Idomyhomeworkeveryday.(改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答)________________________________________________________3.Shelikesmilk.(改为一般疑问句，并作肯定回答)___________________________4.Amylikesplayingcomputergames.(改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答)___________________________________________________5.Wegotoschooleverymorning.(改为否定句)____________________________6.HespeaksEnglishverywell.(改为否定句)________________________7.Iliketakingphotosinthepark.(对划线部分提问)__________________________8.JohncomesfromCanada.(对划线部分提问)____________________________9.Sheisalwaysagoodstudent.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)________________________________________________________10.SimonandDaniellikegoingskating.(改为否定句)四、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)1.Is

yourbrotherspeakEnglish?

__________________2.Doeshelikesgoingfishing?

__________________3.Helikesplaygamesafterclass.

__________________4.Mr.WuteachsusEnglish.

__________________5.Shedon’tdoherhomeworkonSundays._________________六形容词一定义：用来描写和修饰名词的词叫做形容词.(一般要用在所修饰的名词前.)一个漂亮的女孩:abeautifulgirl一棵高树:atalltree二用法:1.be+形容词E.g.Sheisbeautiful.2.a+形容词+名词E.g.Sheisabeautifulgirl.3.形容词+名词复数E.g.Theyarebeautifulgirls.三：形容词分为原形,比较级,最高级原形：1）常用来修饰人的形容词:beautiful-ugly,young-old,tall-short,fat-thinstrong-weak,happy-sad,tired,hungry-fullhot-cold,thirsty,fine,good,kind2）：常用来修饰物的形容词:dirty-clean,long-short,old-new,cheap-expensivebig/large-small,round-square,quiet,quick–slow,different–same,famous形容词原级比较表示同级比较,使用原形:A+be(am,is,are)+as+形容词原形+as+BA+be(am,is,are)+not+as(so)+形容词原形+as+BEg:LilyisastallasLucy.Theappleisasbigastheorange.Theduckisnotas/sostrongasthetiger.比较级:表示在两者中进行比较,在句中通常有thanA+am/is/are+比较级+than+BTomistallerthanBen.ShenyangisbiggerthanTieling.最高级:表示在三者中或三者以上中进行比较,常有the,A+am/is/are+the+最高级+比较范围in+地点范围of+人/物的范围变化方法:1.+er,est2.去掉e+er,est3.big,fat,hot,thin,sad,wet双写末尾字母+er,est4.辅音字母+y结尾,把y改成i+er,est5.不规则:good/well-better-bestbad/ill-worse-worst、many/much-morelittle/few-less6:多音节的形容词要在前面加more,most变为比较级和最高级important,expensive,useful,dangerous,beautiful,handsome,interesting,famousEg:SheismorebeautifulthanCandy.Thisisthemostinterestingstory.1.Ihavetwobigeyesandasmallnose,SoIama___girl.A:beautifulB:thebeautifulC:morebeautiful2.Heis___thanhisbrother.A:tallB:tallerC;thetallerD:thetallest3.Iamthe____inmyclassA:strongerB:strongC:strongeD:strongest4.Zhongxingis____shopinShenyangA:bigB:thebiggerC:biggerD:thebiggest5.Lilyis___thanhersister.A:thinB;thinerC:thinnerD:thethinner6.Betis___studentinmyclassA:goodB:gooderC:betterD:thebest7.Thedaysaregetting____.A:longandlongB:longerandlongC:longerandlonger8.Lilyis123.Lucyis123.SoLilyis____LucyA:tallB:astallasC:astallerD:astalleras9.Thisredcaristhe___intheshopA:expensiveB:expensiverC:expensivestD:mostexpensive10.Ididn’thavebreakfast,soIam___now.A:hungryB:hungrierC:thehungrierD:thehungry11.Petereatstoomuchthings,soheisgetting_____.A:fatandfatB:faterandfaterC:faterandfatterD:fatterandfatter12.Whichis____(strong),anelephantoratiger?13.Shanghaiis____cityinChina.(large)14.Beihaiparkis____thanZizhuyuanPark.(beautiful)15.Ourschoolis____thantheirschool.(big)16.Ifeel____todaythanyesterday.(well)17.Whohas____apples,LilyorLucy.(many)18.Whichis____,theblueoneortheredone?(nice)19.Whois___inourclass?(tall)20.Whichbookis____Englishbook,Chinesebookorthestorybook?(interesting)21.LiLeistudieshard.Heisthe___studentinourclass.(good)22.Hishandsarenotso___asyours.(dirty)七一般过去式定义：动词的一般过去时态表示过去发生的动作、情况或存在的状态。Pleaselookatthesentences我今年12岁.Iam12yearsoldthisyear.我去年11岁.Iwas11yearsoldlastyear.他现在在北京。HeisinBeijingnow.他昨天在上海。HewasinShanghaiyesterday.am/iswasarewerebe动词的过去时1肯定句结构主语+was/were+其它。Iwasadoctor.Hewasshort.Wewerefriends.2否定句结构主语+was/were+not+其它。Iwasnotadoctor.Hewasnotshort.Wewerenotfriends.注意wasnot=wasn’twerenot=weren’tIwasn’tadoctor.Hewasn’tshort.Weweren’tfriends.3疑问句的结构Was/were+主语+其它？Yes,……was.Yes,…….were.No,……..wasn’t.No,……weren’t.Hewaslateforschoolyesterday.Hewasn’tlateforschoolyesterday.Washelateforschoolyesterday?Yes,hewas.No,hewasn’t.(二)情态动词的过去时cancould1肯定句的结构主语+could+动词原形+其它。Icouldmakeapaperplane.2否定句的结构（couldnot=couldn’t）Icouldnotmakeapaperplane.Icouldn’tmakeapaperplane.3疑问句的结构Could+主语+动词原形+其它？注意：人称转变Couldyoumakeapaperplane?Yes,Icould.No,Icouldn’t.(三)实义动词的过去时肯定句:主语+动词的过去式否定句:主语+didnot+动词原形疑问句:Did主语+动词原形?Yes,……did.No,…….didn’t.他们昨天踢足球了．Theyplayedfootballyesterday.Theydidn’tplayfootballyesterday.Didtheyplayfootballyesterday?Yes,theydid.No,theydidn’t.过去时间状语昨天yesterday……之前…..agotwodaysago两天前lastnight/year昨晚上去年动词的过去时的变化规则1一般情况下，在动词后直接加ed.2以e结尾的动词直接加d.3辅元辅结构，双写最后一个字母再加ed.4辅音字母加y结尾的动词，把y改i加ed.5特殊的特殊记忆PresentsimpleinfinitivePastsimplePastparticiplebeWas/werebeenbuyboughtboughtcatchcaughtcaughtcomecamecomedodiddoneeatateeatenflyflewflowngivegavegivengowentgonehavehadhadhearheardheardmakemademademeetmetmetputputputreadreadreadrunranrunsaysaidsaidseesawseensellsoldsoldsingsangsungsitsatsatsleepsleptsleptspeakspokespokenstandstoodstoodswimswamswumtaketooktakenteachtaughttaughttelltoldtoldthinkthoughtthoughtunderstandunderstoodunderstoodwritewrotewrittenrideroderidden一般过去时练习将下列动词变为过去式1.look 2.live 3.stop4.carry 5.hope 6.call 7.finish8.read 9.want10.are 11.go 12.have13.do 14.get 15.come16.say 17.see 18.put19.eat 20.take 21.read用动词的过去时填空1.We______(go)tothecinemalastnight.Thefilm______(be)verygood.2.I____(be)sixlastyear.3.Jim___(do)alotyesterday.He______(go)shoppingand______(cook)supper.4.Lucy___(do)herhomeworkathome.翻译句子我一年前住在北京。我昨天向老师问了一个问题.（askmyteacheraquestion）我弟弟昨天哭了。(cry)大明昨天帮妈妈拖地了。(helpmymummopthefloor)昨天我看了一场木偶表演。(seeapuppetshow)五年前他是在大连。(beinDalian)昨天我妈妈看了一场电影。(seeafilm)我爸爸昨天骑了一匹马。(rideonthehorse)我妹妹昨天买了一个大冰激凌。(buyabigicecream)我昨天在公园里照了很多相片。(takemanypictures)三天前我爬了一个小山。(climbahill)我昨天买了一只鹦鹉，我对鹦鹉说话了。(speaktotheparrot)一星期前我在湖里钓过鱼。三天前我在游泳池里游过泳。、昨天我和我的小狗在公园里玩了。昨天我给一只猴子一根香蕉。(giveabananatothemonkey)昨天我去动物园了。(gotothepark)五年前我在一家医院工作。(workinahospital)昨天我妈妈做了一个蛋糕。(cookacake)他昨天给我看了他的新衬衫。(showmehisnewshirt)我的小猫昨天爬树了。(climbatree)她们昨天在公园散步了。(walkinthepark)昨天大明给花涂颜色了。(painttheflowers)我们昨天听音乐了。(listentothemusic)她昨天想要一个新的连衣裙。(wantanewdress)八现在完成时现在完成时的含义用来表示之前已经发生或完成的动作或状态，而其结果却和现在有联系，强调对现在造成的影响。（一）现在完成时的构成1肯定句结构主语（单数）+has+动词过去分词+其它。主语（复数，I,you）+have+动词过去分词+其它。Ihaveseenatiger.Hehasreadthisbook.2现在完成时的否定句结构主语（单数）+has+not+动词过去分词+其它。主语（复数，I,you）+have+not+动词过去分词+其它。注意：havenot=haven’thasnot=hasn’tIhaven’tseenatiger.Hehasn’treadthisbook.3现在完成时的疑问句结构Has+主语（单数）+动词过去分词+其它?Have+主语（复数，I,you）+动词过去分词+其它?肯定回答：Yes,…..has/have.否定回答：No,……hasn’t/haven’t.肯定句变疑问句时，注意人称转变。Haveyouseenatiger？Yes,Ihave.No,Ihaven’t.Hashereadthisbook？Yes,hehas.No,hehasn’t.动词过去分词的变化规则。(1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ed”。workworkedworked,visitvisitedvisited(2)、以“e”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“d”。livelivedlived,(3)、以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，将"y"变为"i"，再加“ed”。studystudiedstudied,crycriedcried(4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ed”。（5）不规则变化。现在完成时的具体分析：1.动作或状态发生在过去,但它的影响现在还存在。Theyhaveleft.--他们已经离开了(也就是说现在他们人不在这里)Ihavehadmylunch.--我已经吃过午饭了(也就是说我现在不饿)2.也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。HehaslearnedEnglishsince2001.--从2001年开始学的(现在还在继续例如：a.我已经看过那部电影.Ihaveseenthatfilm.b.我们刚刚做完家庭作业．Wehavejustfinishedourhomework.学着呢)重点：比较have/hasbeentohave/hasgonetoHehasgonetoShanghai.他HehasbeentoShanghai.他(曾经)去过上海。(已经)去上海了。辨析这些句子由时态导致的含义上的差别HewenttoShanghailastweek.上周他[做了一件事:那就是]去了上海HehasbeentoShanghai.他(曾经)到/去过上海[在他人生中曾经有过这样的经历,但他人现在肯定不是在上海而是回来了]HehasgonetoShanghai.他已经去上海了[也许刚动身出发,也许已经到了,也许还在路上,反正他人不在这里]选用have,has填空:1.I_______toldhimthenews.2.She________comebackfromschool.3.You________wonthegame.B)按要求改写下列各句:4.Theyhaveboughtacomputer.(改成否定句)

_________________________________________5.Hehaslosthisbook.

(先改成一般疑问句,再作肯定与否定回答)

_________________________________________6-Wherehaveyou_____,Kate?

-I‘ve______tothebank.

A.gone,goneB.been,beenC.gone,beenD.been,gone翻译句子我曾经看过一只老虎。（seeatiger）他曾经放过一个风筝。(flyakite)我哥哥曾经在河里游过泳。(swimintheriver)她曾经有一只狗。(haveadog)我爸爸曾经抓过一只老鼠。(catchamouse)我们曾经吃过英国的食物。(eatEnglishfood)我曾经买过一个漂亮的自行车。(buyabeautifulbike)大明曾经骑过一匹马。(rideahorse)她们曾经去过长城。(theGreatWall)我唱过一首英文歌。(singanEnglishsong)我们读过故事书。(readastorybook)他曾经伤过他的左腿。(hurthisleftleg)我妹妹曾经发过一个邮件。(sendanE-mail)翻译并背诵HaveyoueverbeentoBeijingZootoseeakangaroo?Haveyoueverbeentoafamilytotellashortstory?Haveyoueverbeentoanicecafétodrinksomeblackcoffee?Haveyoueverbeentoasupermarkettobuysomelimesandlemonade?九数词1.定义:表示数目多少或顺序多少的词叫数词.2.种类数词可以分为基数词和序数词（一）基数词:表示数目多少的数词叫做基数词.基数词的表示方法:112one,two,three,four,five,six,seven…2)1319thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen…3)2090twenty,thirty,forty,fifty,sixty…4)2199先说“几十”,再说“几”,中间要加连字符“-”.twenty-one,thirty-five,ninety-nine…5)100900onehundred,twohundred,threehundred…6)101999先说“几百”,后加”and”,在加”末两位数”,或”末位数”.onehundredandone,twohundredandtwentytwo,…7)1,0009,000onethousand,twothousand,threethousand…如:3,004threethousandandfour.\8,975eightthousand,ninehundredandseventy-fiveeightthousandandninehundredandseventy-five（二）序数词:表示顺序的数词叫序数词.基数词变序数词的口诀基变序，有特例。一二三，要单记。结尾字母t,d,d.8减t,9减e.f代替ve,ty变成tie.切记词尾加th.注意：序数词前一定要有冠词the.thefirst,thesecond,thethird,thefourth,thefifth,theninth,theeleventh,thenineteenth,thetwentieth,thetwenty-first,thethirtieth,thethirty-third,theninetieth,theonehundredth序数词拼写的要点:2.1.英语序数词1-19中,第一,第二,第三为特殊形式,其他都是在基数词的后面加th.2.2.有几个序数词加th时的拼写方法不规则,他们是:Fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth.2.3.十位数整数的序数词的构成方法是:将整数基数词的词尾“ty”中的“y”改写成“i”,后加“eth”.Twenty—twentieth,thirty—thirtieth2.4基数词几十几改成序数词的时候,只要把个位数改成序数词就可,十位不变。Twenty-one,twenty-first.2.5.序数词的缩写形式就是在阿拉伯数字的后面加上序数词的最后两个字母.First,1st,twenty-second,21ndforth,4th,63rd,8th,109th附加：数学运算的表达加法+用plus/and,减法-用minus,乘法×用times,除法÷用dividedby7+8=?Whatissevenpluseight?5-2=?Whatisfiveminustwo?4×5=20fourtimesfiveistwenty.8÷2=4eightdividedbytwoisfour完成下列运算:1.whatiseightyandeight?2.Whatiseightyminuseight?3.Whatiseighttimeseight?4.Whatiseightdividedbyeight?5.Whatisseventimesten?6.Whatisseventy-twodividedbyseven?7.Whatistwohundredandtwenty-two?8.Whatisonethousand,twohundredminustwohundred?十介词和时间表达法（一）方位介词1on在…上面2in在…里面3under在…下面4behind在…后面5nextto在…旁边6infrontof在…前面7between在…中间8near在…附近用适当词填空。1Theappleisthebox.苹果在盒子上2Thepenisthebag.钢笔在书包里3Theballisthedoor.球在门后边4Theruleristhetwotables.格尺在两个桌子中间5Thebookis________thepencil-box.书在文具盒下6Mybikeis______twotrees.我的自行车在两棵树中间。7Myhouseis________myschool.我家在学校附近。8Theschoolis_________thebookshop.学校在书店旁边。9Mycaris________thehouse.我的车在房子前面。10Myschoolis___theshopandthebookshop.我的学校在商店和书店中间。（二）时间介词1时间点前用atat6o’clockat8:30at3:102星期前用ononMondayonTuesdayonWednesdayonThursdayonFridayonSaturdayonSunday3inthemorningintheafternoonintheevening4atnoonatnight5月份前用ininMay在五月份6季节前用ininspringinsummerinautumninwinter7年前inin2012in1998In1949(nineteenforty-nine,oneninefournine)8年月前in（月年顺序