高中英语倒装句详解及练习(附答案)

高中英语倒装句详解及练习(高考高频考点)英语中主语和谓语有两种顺序。主语在前、谓语在后，称之为自然语序；谓语在前、主语在后称之为倒装语序。倒装语序又分为全部倒装和部分倒装。本文主要讲解倒装语序的句子，即倒装句。全部倒装，就是整个谓语都放在主语之前。如：Herearesomelettersforyou.这有你的几封信。Incamethenewteacher.新老师进来了。部分倒装，只是谓语中的一部分进行倒装，比如助动词、情态动词、be动词等置于主语前面，其余部分仍放在主语的后面，如：AtnotimewillChinaeverbehavelikeasuperpower.中国在任何时候都不做超级大国。Onlyinthisisitpossibleforustoaccomplishthetask.只有这样我们才能完成任务。疑问句多为倒装句。英语中的疑问句就是一种倒装形式。比如：

正常语序Youaretired.(主语‘you’在动词‘are’之前.)

疑问形式:Areyoutired?(动词‘are’置于主语‘you’之前.主语和动词的位置发生了变化，这就是倒装形式。)，类似的还有：

1.1一般现在时中的‘be’:amI/areyou/ishe；doyougo/doeshego

1.2一般过去式中的‘be’:wereyou/wasshe；didwego/didtheygo

1.3现在进行时:amIgoing/areyougoing

1.4过去进行时:washegoing/weretheygoing

1.5现在完成时:havewegone/hasshegone

1.6现在完成进行时:hasshebeengoing/havetheybeengoing

1.7过去完成时:hadyougone

1.8过去完成进行时:hadhebeengoing

1.9一般将来时:willtheygo

1.10一般将来进行时:willyoubegoing

1.11一般将来完成时:willtheyhavegone

1.12将来完成进行时:willshehavebeengoing

1.13情态动词:shouldIgo/wouldyougo

……感叹句多为自然语序，但疑问形式的感叹句则为倒装语序。如：Whatalovelygirlsheis!(自然语序)Isn’tshelovely!(倒装语序)陈述句多为自然语序，但在下列情况下则用倒装语序。There引导的句子，如：Thedooropenedandthereenteredanoldman.门开了，进来了一个老头儿。there或now引导，谓语为come或go的句子Therecomesthebus!Theregoesthebell!Nowcomestheyourturn.由then引导，谓语为come或follow的句子Thencameastorm.Thenfollowedathree-yearseniorschooltime.由here引导，谓语为be动词的句子。Hereisthekeypoint.Herearesomenewbooks.由so引导的表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一个人的句子（肯定句）。（高频考点）e.g.-“Iamveryhappy”“soamI.”前面一个人说“我很开心”，对话的人说“我也是（很开心）”-“IlikeHarryPotter.””SodoI”前一个人说“我喜欢《哈利波特》”，对话的人说“我也（也喜欢《哈利波特》）※如果仅仅是对前一人的话进行重复，尽管用so引导，但也不用倒装。如“Itistoohottoday”“Soitis!”，“今天很热“，”是很热“由neither,nor引导的表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一个人的句子（否定句）。如：“Idon’tlikeseafood.”“Nor（Neither）doI.”“我不喜欢吃海鲜”“我也是（也不喜欢吃海鲜）”,Nor的位置也可以用Neither.（高频考点）“Iwon’tgothere.”“Nor（Neither）shallI.”“我不去”“我也是（也不去”）“Should,Were,Had”引导的虚语气的句子，通常省略if.（高频考点）Type1: Shouldyouseehim,tellhimtocallme. =Ifyoushouldseehim,tellhimtocallme. Type2: WereIyou,Iwouldcancelmyappointment. =IfIwereyou,Iwouldcancelmyappointment. Type3: Hadheknown,hewouldhavesolvedtheproblem. =Ifhehadknown,hewouldhavesolvedtheproblem.表示祝愿、祝福的句子。LonglivethePeople’sRepublicofChina!中华人们共和国万岁！Mayyouhaveahappyholiday!祝您假期愉快！直接引语中，表示某人说（做等）。“Iwasveryhungryatthattime.”saidtheboy.“Don’tmove!”shoutedthepolice.以never,little,often,notonly,notuntil,hardly,scarcely等否定词引导的句子，表示强调时，使用倒装语序。(高频考点)e.g.SeldomhaveIseensuchbeautifulwork.(‘Seldom’在句首，用倒装形式，整个句子强调工作非常漂亮、几乎没见过这么漂亮的工作。)比较Ihaveseldomseensuchbeautifulwork.(‘Seldom’在句子中间，正常语序，也没有表示强调。)，诸如此类的还有：.4.1NeverhaveIheardsuchastrangestory. =Ihaveneverheardsuchastrangestory.Seldomdotheyvisitus.=Theyseldomvisitus.Littledidshesuspectthatshewascheated. =Shelittlesuspectedthatshewascheated.Rarelyhavewewatchedsuchamovingfilm. =Wehaverarelywatchedsuchamovingfilm.4.5NotuntilMondaydidhereturnthecameratome.=HedidnotreturnthecameratomeuntilMonday.4.6Nowherecanyoubuysuchcheapjeans. =Youcannotbuysuchcheapjeansatanywhere.4.7Nosoonerhadhearrivedthanhecalledus. =Assoonashehadarrived,hecalledus.4.8Hardly/Scarcelyhadhereturnedfromthejourneywhenhefellill.=Assoonashehadreturnedfromthejourney,hefellill.4.9UndernocircumstanceswillIgivewaytohisdemands. =Iwillnotgivewaytohisdemandsunderanycircumstances.4.10Innowaycantheyhelpyou.=Theycannothelpyouinanyway.4.11AtnotimewasIawareofwhatwashappening.=Iwasatnotimeawareofwhatwashappening.4.12Onnoaccountwillsheforgivehim.=Shewillnotforgivehimonanyaccount.5.状语倒装。当句子没有宾语而主语又比较长的时候，常常将状语倒装。多为介词短语或者副词。e.g. 5.1. OftenhaveIheardthatcorruptiondoesn’tpay.=Ihaveoftenheardthatcorruptiondoesn’tpay.Twicehashebeenwarnedtokeepawayfromdrugs.=Hehasbeenwarnedtwicetokeepawayfromdrugs.Sodesperatewastheirsituationthattheydecidedtoselltheirhouse.=Theirsituationwassodesperatethattheydecidedtoselltheirhouse.Onlyafterahotdebatedidtheyagreetocompromise.=Theyagreedtocompromiseonlyafterahotdebate.Notonlywashetheproducerbuthewasalsothedirectorofthefilm.=Hewasnotonlytheproducerbutalsothedirectorofthefilm.下面这些词语中也常常会以倒装的形式出现。Onlyafterwards/later/yesterday/lastweek/… Onlyif /Onlywhen/Onlyafter/Notsince …为了表达生动，有时把表地点、方位的副词，如here,there,now,then,,thus,up，down，out，off,over,away，in等放在句首，同时把谓语动词放在主语之前,在here，there等副词开头的某些句子里。若主语为人称代词，主语和谓语动词的位置不变，只将副词放在句首。e.g.Upwentthearrowintotheair箭飕地一下就上了天。6.表语倒装6.1介词短语Nearthesouthernendofthevillagewasalargepearorchard.村子南头有一个很大的梨园。6.2形容词Nearbyarethehousesbuiltbythepeasantsthemselves.附近是农民自己盖的房子。6.3副词Belowisabookstore.下面是一家书店。6.4过去分词Seatedonthegroundareagroupofyoungmenplayingguitars.坐在地上的是一群玩儿吉他的年轻人。6.5现在分词Lyingonthestonewasaboyagedabouttwelve.躺在石板上的是一个12岁的男孩。6.6过去分词Showntogetherwiththeseproductsweretheequipment.和产品一同展出的还有制造设备。练习一：照例句转换句型。例句：

WehadhardlyarrivedwhenJulieburstintothehouse.

→HardlyhadwearrivedwhenJulieburstintothehouse.

1.Johnhadneverbeentosuchafantasticrestaurant.

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2.Iinnowaywanttobeassociatedwiththisproject.

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3.Theyhadnosoonereatendinnerthantheceilingcrashedontothediningtable.

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4.Ihadscarcelyfinishedwritingmyessaywhentheexaminerannouncedtheendofthe

exam.

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5.Iseldomleavemyhousesoearly.

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6.Peoplerarelyappreciatethismusician’stalent.

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7.Wewouldunderstandwhathadhappenedthatnightonlylater.

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8.Theyhadmetsuchrudepeoplenowherebefore.

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9.Heunderstoodlittleaboutthesituation.

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10.Thechildrenshouldonnoaccountgoontheirown.

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练习二：把下列句子转换为倒装句。

1.TheDirectorwillnevergiveintopublicpressure.

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2.Assoonasthemeetingstarted,fightingbrokeoutintheaudience.

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3.Henrydidn'tsuspecthisbrotherofcomplicityinthecrimeforonemoment.

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4.Ihaveneverbeensosurprisedinallmylife.

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5.Youwillnotfindcraftsmanshipofsuchqualityanywhere.

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6.Iwillneverallowsuchpracticestotakeplaceagain.

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7.Heannouncedhisdiscoverytotheworldonlywhenhewascertainofhisresults.

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8.Goodwhiskyisreadyforconsumptiononlyafterithasmaturedfortenyears.

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9.Thisgovernmenthaddeceivedthepublic,andithasdeceiveditself.

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10.Thisdoorshouldnotbeleftopenunderanycircumstances.

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11.Thevaluesofoursocietyareatrisk,andtheverysurvivalofthenationisthreatened.

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12.Thiscountryhasneverbeensothreatenedbefore.

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13.Artistsarerarelyappreciatedwhiletheyarestillalive.

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14.Childrenlittlerealizethattheirworldofinnocencesoondisappears.

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15.Ididn'tintendtodeceiveyouatanytime.

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16.IfIevertoldyoualie,Iwouldn'tbeabletolookyouintheeye.

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17.Irespectheropinions,andIadmirehercharactergreatlyaswell.

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18.Ifyourequireanyfurtherinformation,don'thesitatetocontactme.

19.Ihaven'thadtostudysohardsinceIwasatuniversity.

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20.IfIhadn'twitnessedtheexperimentwithmyowneyes,Iwouldneverhavebelieved

itcouldbedone.

________________________________________________________________________练习三：把下列句子转换为倒装句。

1.Harrybrokehislegandalsoinjuredhisshoulder.

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2.Thepolicedidn'tsuspectatallthatthejudgewasthemurderer.

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3.IfyoudohappentoseeHelen,couldyouaskhertocallme?

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4.Thebusdrivercannotbeblamedfortheaccidentinanyway.

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5.Thesnowfallwassoheavythatallthetrainshadtobecancelled.

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6.Ifthegovernmentraisedinterestrates,theywouldlosetheelection.

________________________________________________________________________练习四：选择填空1._______andcaughtthemouse.A.Upthecatjumped B.ThecatupjumpedC.Upjumpedthecat D.Jumpedupthecat2.______andthelessonbegan.A.IncameMrBrown B.MrBrownincameC.Incamehe D.cameinMrBrown3.Over_______,dead.A.rollingthegoat B.rolledthegoatC.didthegoatroll D.thegoatrolled4.—Whereismyshirt,mum?—_________.A.Thereisit B.ThereitisC.Thereis D.Hereisit5.—Whereisyourfather?—Oh,________.A.herehecomes B.heherecomesC.heredoeshecome D.herecomeshe6.Thedooropenedandthere________.A.entersanoldman B.enteredanoldmanC.didanoldmanenter D.anoldmanentered7.Now______yourturntorecitethetext.A.willcome B.ComesC.hascome D.thereis8.Often_____themnottosmokehere.A.weadvised B.advisedmeC.didweadvise D.hadweadvised9.________playingsoldiers.A.Insidetheroomweretwoboys B.InsidetheroomtwoboysC.Weretwoboysinsidetheroom D.Insidetheroomwastwoboys10.Onthewall_______twolargeportraits.A.arehanging B.HangedC.hang D.hangs11._______whowaswoundedinthestomach.A.Amongthemwereasoldier B.AmongthemwasasoldierC.Amongthemasoldierwas D.Amongtheywasasoldier12.Nextdoortoours________,whoisnolessthaneighty. A.thatlivesanoldman B.doesanoldmanliveC.livesanoldman D.wherelivesanoldman13.Sheplaysthepianoverywell,______.A.soeveryoneofusdoes B.everyoneofusdoesC.sodoeseveryoneofus D.sodoeveryoneofus14.Yousayheworkshard,______,and_____.A.sohedoes;soyoudo B.sohedoes;sodoyouC.sodoeshe;sodoyou D.sodoeshe;soyoudo15.—Ithoughtyouwomenwerepresentatthemeeting.—__________.A.Sowewere B.SowedidC.Sowerewe D.Sodidwe16.Idon’tthinkJackwillcometoday,_____.A.norwillMary B.andMarydoesn’tC.Marywilleither D.orMarydoes17.Sheisfondofcooking,_____I.A.soam B.noramC.neitherdo D.nordo18.MarxwasborninGermanyandGermanwashisnativelanguage.A.SoitwaswithEngels B.SowasitwithEngelsC.SowasEngels D.SodidEngels19.Afishneedswaterandwithoutwateritwilldie._______.A.Sodoesaman B.SowillamanC.Soitiswithaman D.Soisitwithaman20.Soabsorbed_______theworkthatsheoftenforgotto_____hermeals.A.hadshebeenin;do B.shewasin;makeC.wasshein;take D.shehadbeenin;have21.Soloudly______thateveryoneoftheclasscouldhearhim.A.didhespeak B.didhespokeC.spokehe D.hespoke22.__________hisappearancethatnoonecouldrecognizehim.A.Strangesowas B.SostrangewasC.Wassostrange D.Sowasstrange23.Notonce______theirplan. A.didtheychange B.theychangedC.changedthey D.theydidchange24.Never______suchawonderfulplaceasHangzhou.A.areseeing B.hadIseenC.Ihaveseen D.haveIseen25.Seldom______TVduringtheday. A.theywatch B.aretheywatchingC.havetheywatched D.dotheywatch26.Nowhere______asinmygarden.A.theflowersweresobeautifulB.weretheflowerssobeautifulC.sobeautifulweretheflowersD.sobeautifultheflowerswere27.Hardly________hishomeworkwhenhewentout.A.finishedhe B.hehadfinishedC.didhefinish D.hadhefinished28.Scarcely_____finishedtheirhomework______Icameintotheclassroom.A.hadthey;than B.theyhad;whenC.hadthey;when D.didthey;when29.Notonly_______apromise,butalsohekeptit.A.hashemade B.doeshemakeC.hemade D.didhemake30.Notuntilhiscomradescriticizedhim_______toadmithismistake.A.hadhebegun B.beganheC.didhebegin D.doeshebegin练习一答案：

1.NeverhadJohnbeentosuchafantasticrestaurant.

2.InnowaydoIwanttobeassociatedwiththisproject.

3.Nosoonerhadtheyeatendinnerthantheceilingcrashedontothediningtable.

4.ScarcelyhadIfinishedwritingmyessaywhentheexaminerannouncedtheendofthe

exam.

5.SeldomdoIleavemyhousesoearly.

6.Rarelydopeopleappreciatethismusician’stalent.

7.Onlylaterwouldweunderstandwhathadhappenedthatnight.

8.Nowherehadtheymetsuchrudepeoplebefore.

9.Littledidheunderstandaboutthesituation.

10.Onnoaccountshouldthechildrengoontheirown练习二答案：Neverwillthedirectorgiveintopublicpressure.Nosoonerhadthemeetingstarted,thanfightingbrokeoutintheaudienceN