正确练习扬琴的基本规范

正确练习扬琴的根本标准一、关于扬琴的根本常识One,basicknowledgeaboutthedulcimer 〔一〕主要部件及其作用 (a)themaincomponentsanditsfunction 扬琴的外形是一与面板，下与底板、两端与箱框连结成为扬琴的共鸣箱。每台琴都有五六条音梁，每条音梁上的四五个圆孔为音孔。Yangqinshapeisatrapezoidwooden boxwidth.Thebodyisprovidedwiththesoundbeam;thesoundbeamCeli,andpanel,andthebottomplate,andbothendsofthelowerboxconnectedasresonatordulcimer.Eachorganhasfiveorsixsoundbeams,eachsoundbeamonthefourorfiveholetohole. 〔二〕如何选择琴与琴竹 (two)howtoselectnewQinandQinBamboo 1.好的扬琴的标准主要包括以下几个方面：1 good dulcimer standard includes the following:高、且无裂纹、无掉漆、无破损。查部件：查看左右两边光明、纯洁、富有“颗粒感”，中音区要严峻、圆润；低音“://shuaqibibu/“://shuaqibibu“://jxynj/“://jxynj“://shanguo0538/“://shanguo0538“://tslrl/“://tslrl区要浑厚、结实。 Seeappearance:seethepanelabovethewooddensityisuniform,trendisflat;thebodyisworkingfine.Musicboxshouldbepainteduniform,purecolor,highdegreeoffinish,andnocrack,nopaint,nobreakage.Checktheparts:viewaboutthecoverplateandthebodyonbothsidesofthewhetheranastomosis;hangingstringnailandpegareneatlyarrangedevenly;ball,thebridgecodeiscomplete.Listentothevoice:thetrebleareamustbeclear,bright,pure,rich“grain“,altoareashouldbesoft,mellowbassareatobevigorous,strong. 2.选择琴竹应留意以下几点：材料：有较大的弹性和韧性，手感要光滑。色泽：颜色要偏粉黄，并富有光泽为佳外形把琴竹仰放在桌面上看看琴竹是否的平展竹头与竹尾是否在一条直线上。 2choosetheQinBambooshouldpayattentiontothefollowingpoints:Material:greaterelasticityandtoughness,smoothfeelto.Color:colortopartialyellow,andrichluster.Shape:theQinBamboolyingonthetable,havealookwhether QinBambooflatheadandtail,bamboobambooisinastraightline. 二、扬琴演奏的根本方法 Twobasicapproaches,dulcimerperformance 〔一〕演奏姿势 (a)performing“://shuaqibibu/“://shuaqibibu“://jxynj/“://jxynj“://shanguo0538/“://shanguo0538“://tslrl/“://tslrlposture 演奏扬琴以坐姿为主演奏时要放松的坐在琴凳的二分之一或三分之一处，身体应距离琴20—25公分左右，两腿自然的分开与肩同宽左腿稍前一些，右腿稍后一些。大臂自然下垂平稳的抬起小臂。全身要自然的放松随便而舒适上身的前后左右活动应轻松自如。Playingdulcimerinasittingposition,playtorelaxsittingonthebenchfor1/2or1/3,thebodyshouldbeabout 20 to 25 centimeters from the piano, legsnaturallyshoulderwidthapart,theleftlegslightlyinfront,rightleglater.Armnaturalprolapse,raisedhisarm steady. The body naturally relax, casual andcomfortable,theupperbodyaround,aroundactivitiesshouldberelaxed. 〔二持竹方法 (two)holdthebamboomethod 首先将琴竹全长的五分之一处放在食指的第一指关节要靠在指尖一些再将大指自然的压在上面，轻捏住竹柄。通过三指将琴竹握稳，四、五指自然的弯曲收拢然后检查整个手的手形是否自然的收拢，手的各个指关节是否僵硬。 TheQinBamboo1/5full-lengthontheindexfingerofthefirstknuckle,dependoninthefingertips,thenthelargestnaturalpressureonit,gentlypinchbamboohandle.ThethreereferstotheQinBambooholdsteady,four,fivefingers“://shuaqibibu/“://shuaqibibu“://jxynj/“://jxynj“://shanguo0538/“://shanguo0538“://tslrl/“://tslrlnaturallybend,fold.Thencheckthehandwholehandisnaturally folded hands,each finger joints arestiff.〔三〕击弦的方法与要领 (three)andessentialsofstrikingmethod 1.击弦的动作 1strikingaction大臂要自然的下垂，然后将小臂平稳的抬起，左右手持琴竹稍呈内八字形右手手腕抬起使琴竹的竹头呈高位欲落击弦之势然后琴竹从高位落下击弦这时要通过臂、腕和指的力气传递到琴竹的竹头上然后在落下琴竹击弦的一刹那将手腕和手指相结合以手腕为主产生的力气集中有力并富有弹性的击在琴弦上同时马上的放松，并顺势利用琴竹反弹的力气回到下一次击弦的高度进展其次次击弦。Armnaturalprolapse,thenthesmallarmsmoothlift,leftandrighthandQinBambooslightlyinnersplay.Therighthandwristisraised,thebambooheadQinBambooshowedahightendencytofalltheaction.ThentheQinBamboofallsfromthehightimetobeaction,throughthearm,wristandfingerforcetransmissiontothebambooheadQinBamboo,andtheninamomentoffallingQinbamboostring,thewristandfingertowristcombination,mainlyproducethepowerofconcentration,powerful,andflexiblestruckthestrings at the same time, immediately relax, and“://shuaqibibu/“://shuaqibibu“://jxynj/“://jxynj“://shanguo0538/“://shanguo0538“://tslrl/“://tslrlhomeopathicusesbambooreboundforce,backtothenextchordheight,secondchord.2.击弦的部位 The2partoftheaction 在击弦的时候每个音都应当是受力平衡集中和均匀的所以应当用琴竹头的中部来击弦。抱负的击弦位置是距离左琴码左右两侧约为2.5公分处；而中码右码低音码约为2公分处。Intheactionwheneachtoneshouldbebalancedforce,centralizedanduniform,soyoushoulduseQinBambooheadinthemiddleoftheaction.TheidealstringpositionisleftontheleftandrightsidesofQincodedistanceisabout2.5centimeters;whilethecode,therightcode,basscodeisabout2cm. 〔四〕扬琴弹奏中的平衡 (four)thedulcimerplayingbalance 1.身体的平衡。在扬琴弹奏的过程当中我们常常要持着琴竹弹奏扬琴的高音区或者是低音区这时候随着身体的晃动重心也就偏移到了另外的一端此时为了保证身体的平衡两腿必需自然的分开且一前一后这时两腿的功能就相当于身体的一种平衡器。 1thebalanceofthebody.Intheprocessofdulcimerplaying,weoftenhavetoholdtheQinBambooplayingdulcimertrebleorbassregionis,thistimewiththebodyshakingfocushasshiftedtotheotherside.Atthistimeinordertoensurethebalanceofthebody,the“://shuaqibibu/“://shuaqibibu“://jxynj/“://jxynj“://shanguo0538/“://shanguo0538“://tslrl/“://tslrllegsmustbenaturalseparation,andoneaftertheother,thenthelegsofthefunctionalequivalentofabalancer.2.左右手的平衡。无论演奏什么样的曲目，只要能留意左手和右手的协调、放松、和有机的协作，再难演奏的曲目也是能迎刃而解的。 The2leftandrighthandbalance.Nomatterwhatkindofmusicplaying,aslongastheattentiontoleftandrighthandcoordination,relax,andorganiccomplexes,againdifficultrepertoireisalsocanbesmoothlydoneoreasilysolved. 三、扬琴初学者应练习的练习曲 Three,thedulcimerbeginnersshouldpracticeexercises 〔一〕对于初学扬琴的人而言，首先要留意演奏时的姿势击弦的动作、海吉布和根本的竹法然后通过练习一些根本的练习曲和局部的乐曲教材，把握扬琴发音的技术动作和标准，从而把握“持竹点、击弦点、触槌点、支撑点、发力点”五个要点的综合技能。 (a)forthebeginnerdulcimerpeople,weshouldpaymoreattentiontoplayingposition,actionaction,andthebasicmethodofbamboo.Thenpracticesomebasicexercisesandpartofthemusicteachingmaterials, master dulcimer sounds technicalmovements and specification, and master the “comprehensiveskillswithbamboo,strikingpoint,touch“://shuaqibibu/“://shuaqibibu“://jxynj/“://jxynj“://shanguo0538/“://shanguo0538“://tslrl/“://tslrlthe mallet point, support five points points, powerpoints“. 〔二〕在生疏了根本的音位后，初学者可以练习一些简洁的小歌曲，如《小星星《我是一只粉刷匠《采茶扑蝶等。(two)inthefamiliarwiththebasicphonemes,beginnerscanpracticesomesimplesongs,suchas:“littlestar“,“Iamapainter“,“tea“andotherbutterfliesflutter. 四、练琴的时间 Four,practicetime 初学者每天练琴的时间多少，取决于自己的精力和体力风冷冷却器练习的效果和时间要成正比须知“勤能补拙，熟能生巧“勤”与“熟”是练习量的增加“补拙”与“生巧”则是质的飞跃。 Manybeginnerstopracticeplayingthepianoeverydaytime,dependingontheirenergyandstamina.Theeffectsofpracticeandtimetobeproportionaltothenotes,“Qinnengbuzhuo,skillcomes.“,“increasingtheground“and“cooked“isthepracticeofweight,“fill“and“perfect“isaqualitativeleap. 总而言之对于初学扬琴的人来说把握正确、扎实的的根本功以及科学、有效的练习方法是至关重要的遇到一些比较难弹奏的片段就去舍命的狠练手和腕子不舒适了也不愿去休息一下这样做肌肉会长期的处于拉长的状态，渐渐的就会失去弹性，收缩不了严峻的还会消灭肌肉酸痛的现象山东锅炉从而导致不能弹琴的“://shuaqibibu/“://