动词ing形式的归纳

动词ing形式的归纳第一页，共27页。概述

动词的-ving形式具有名词(动名词)的功能,可以在句字中作主语,宾语和表语.它具有形容词(分词)的功能,可在句子中作定语,表语,和宾语补足语.第一页第二页，共27页。I.动名词动词的ing形式具有名词的功能,可以在句子中作主语,宾语和表语.第二页第三页，共27页。1.做主语ReadingisimportantinlearningEnglish.Lookingafterthepatientisanurse’sjob.注意:在某些特殊结构中,特别是Itisnouse\useless\nogood\shame\dangerous\awasteoftime/worth/worthwhiledoingsth.It是形式主语,真正的主语即动名词放在句末第三页第四页，共27页。2做宾语.ving跟在某些特定的动词后面作宾语.避免错过少延期建议完成多练习喜欢想象禁不住承认否定与嫉妒逃避冒险莫原谅允许感激和考虑明白鼓励要禁止Avoid,miss,putoffAdvise,finish,practiceEnjoy,imagine,can’thelpAdmit,deny,envy,Escape,risk,excuseAllow/permitappreciateconsiderUnderstand,encourage,forbid第四页第五页，共27页。3做表语Hishobbyiscollectingstamps.Mygreatesthappinessisservingthepeople.注意；动名词作主语,可以和表语换用.反之也一样.第五页第六页，共27页。4.动名词的复合结构

动名词的前面可以带上自己的逻辑主语构成动名词的复合结构.物主代词,如his,my；人称代词如him,me名词所有格，如Tom’s;名词普通格如TomDoyoumindmy/mesmokinghere?Iinsistedonmyhusband/husband’spayingthebill.Thesoundofdesksbeingopenedandclosedcouldbeheardoutinthestreet.Hesuggestedsomebodytakingoverthejob.第六页第七页，共27页。

注意：动名词的复合结构作句子主语时，则通常使用名词的所有格或物主代词．Mary’scominglatemadeherteacherangry.Hisnotbeingabletocomeisdisappointing.第七页第八页，共27页。II.现在分词动词的ing具有形容词的功能,可在句中做定语,表语,和宾语补足语第八页第九页，共27页。1定语Doesheworkinthereadingroom?Ourteacherusesaverygoodteachingmethod.Doyouknowthemanstandingbythedoor?Thisvillageismadeupof500families

belongingtofivenations.第九页第十页，共27页。2.表语:表主语所具有的特征.Thefoodsmellsinviting.Thestoryisverytouching.常这样用的分词有:amusing,charming,encouraging,confusing,disappointing,discouraging,exciting,puzzling,astonishing,refreshing,shocking,striking,surprising,etc.第十页第十一页，共27页。3.宾语补足语感官动词:see,hear,feel,smell,watch,notice,observe,lookat,listento和使役动词:set,keep,have,get,leave,make,find,send等都可以用分词作宾语补足语．

wesawhimclimbingatree.

Thepolicecaughttheboystealing.拓展:在被动句中,即成为主语补足语:Theboywascaughtstealing.Thechildrenwerelastseenplayingattheriverbank.第十一页第十二页，共27页。4.动词的ing形式具有副词的功能,可在句中做状语第十二页第十三页，共27页。1.)做时间状语Hearingthenoise,Iturnedround.=whenIheardthenoise,

Lookingoutofthewindow,Isawsomestudentsplayingthere.=whenIlookedoutofthewindow,注意:分词短语前面可以用while,when等连词,第十三页第十四页，共27页。2.)作方式状语或伴随状语Hecamerunningbacktotellmethenews.Allnightlonghelayawake,thinkingaboutproblems.Hesatinanarmchair,readingthenewspaper.第十四页第十五页，共27页。3).做结果状语

Herhusbanddiedtenyearsago,leavingherwiththreechildrentolookafter.Theheavysnowlastedaweak,causingalotofaccidents.第十五页第十六页，共27页。4).原因状语Beingsick,Istayedathome.=As\BecauseIwassick,Notknowingheraddress,Icannotwritetoher.=AsIdon’tknowheraddress,第十六页第十七页，共27页。5).条件状语Turningtotherightatthecrossing,you

willseethepostofficerightbeforeyou.=Ifyouturnrightatthecrossing,you’ll…=Turntotherightatthecrossing

andyou

willseethepostoffice.第十七页第十八页，共27页。6).做补充说明Theplaneleavesatsix,

arriving

inChicagoatten.=…..,

andwillarrive

inChicagoatten.Thechildrenwerewalkingtothe

park,talkingandlaughingalltheway.=…,andweretalkingandlaughing

alltheway.第十八页第十九页，共27页。III.独立主格结构独立主格结构本身就是一种复合结构,由名词或代词加分词等构成,表时间,原因,条件,方式,伴随和补充说明等.常见结构如下：1.名词+-ving分词

Theyallwenttotheplayground,healoneremaininginthedormitory.2.名词+-ved分词

Thequestionsettled,theywentbackbyplane.

第十九页第二十页，共27页。3.名词+动词不定式

Somuchhomeworktodo,wehavenotimetoplay.4.名词+形容词

Helookedatmeupanddown,hiseyeswideopen.5.名词+介词短语/副词

Hundredsofpeoplewentoutofthecinema,someinpairs,othersalone.6.名词+名词

Hissonnowacollegestudent,heisnolongerworriedabouthisjob.7.Therebe句型的独立结构

Therebeingnobus,wehadtowalkhome.第二十页第二十一页，共27页。IV.做独立成分动词ing形式在句中没有逻辑主语,可以独立存在,这些短语已经成为习惯用语,用来修饰整个句子Generallyspeaking(一般说来)StrictlyspeakingRoughlyspeakingFranklyspeakingJudgingfrom第二十一页第二十二页，共27页。TakingallintoconsiderationConsideringeverythingEg:Judgingfromherface,shemustbeill.Consideringeverything,itisworthtrying.第二十二页第二十三页，共27页。IV.动词ing形式的各种变化形式时态语态主动被动一般式完成式doinghavingdonebeingdonehavingbeendone第二十三页第二十四页，共27页。１动词的-ving形式的一般式表示动作和谓语动词同时（或几乎同时）发生．

Hearingthenews,sheburstoutcrying.

Notknowingwhattodo，hewenttotheteacherforhelp.

2.动词的ing形式的完成式表示动作先于谓语动词发生

Havinglivedtherefordozensofyears,heknowsthecitywell.

Not

havingreceivedtheirletter,hed