高级体系结构期末考试课后习题汇总

Homework11

ExplaintheConcepts系统结构(CA:ComputerArchitectute)、高级系统结构(AdvancedCA)、Amdahl

law、SCALARPROCESSING、LOOK-AHEAD、PVP、SMP、MPP、DSM、COW、GCE、CISC、RISC、VMM、SUPERCOMPUTER、SVM、MAINFRAME、COMPUTERSYSTEMONCHIP、PARALLELARCHITECTUREINTOSINGLECHIP、MOORE定律、UMA、NUMA、COMA、CC-NUMA、NORMA、SHELLARCHITECTURE,PRAM,BSP,LogP2

ExplaintheFlynnclassify

anditssemantics.3WherearethedifficultiesofParallelProcessing?

Whatis‘Parallel(并行)、concurrent(并发)

andSimultaneous’(同时)separately?4Assumethatasystemcomponentbespeededto10times,itspastprocessingtimeaccountsfor40%ofthesystem,howmuchwillbethesystemperformanceimproved?5PleasedrawthememoryHierarchychart.高级体系结构期末考试课后习题汇总homework21

ExplainingConceptionsRISC,CISC,VLIW,SUPER-SCALAR,SUPER-PIPELINE,SUPER-SCALAR-SUPER-PIPELINE,IPC,SINGLEISSUE,MULTIPLEISSUE,OOO,Multi-Threading2Inidealcase,pleasegivetheperformancesforSUPER-SCALAR,SUPER-PIPELINE,SUPER-SCALAR-SUPER-PIPELINE,andgiveN=8examplesandtheiraverageIPC.3PleasedescribetheCPUtechnologyinrecentyears,andgiveanexampletoillustratetheirtechnicalparameters.Pleasegivecomputingtraceofa[i+7]=b[j+1]+c[k+8]+d[m+10]forT9000Howtosolvethemulticorememorywallproblem?6Simplecomputerdesigntest:SupposedthereareasimpleCPUwithA15-A0,D7-D0,readandwrite,anregisterandTri-statebuffersforI/Odevice,a8k*8ROMwithA12-A0,D7-D0,CEandOE,anda8k*8RAMwithA12-A0,D7-D0,CE,RDandWR.Pleaseyoudesignthecircuitofasimplecomputer.高级体系结构期末考试课后习题汇总Homework1)Thereisaprogramina40MHz

processor，itsnumberofintegerarithmeticinstructionsis45000

andtheclockis

1.Thenumberofinstructionswithdataoperationsis32000

andtheclockis2.

Thenumberoffloatinstructionsis15000

anditsclock2.ThenumberofinstructionssuchasJMPetcis8000

anditsclockis2.PleasegiveitsCPI、MIPS

andtheCPUexecutiontime.2)

IfthecommunicationcostinaSP2

machineis

t（m）=46+（0.035）m,please

giveits(渐进带宽)r∞andits(半峰值信息长度)

m1/2.3)IfaN*N

matrixAismultipliedbyaN*NmatrixB,itstimeisT1=CN3s,but

theexecutiontimeinamachinewithnnodesisTn=(CN3/n+bN2/square-root(N))s，here,C,Nandb

isaconstant.PleaseyougiveitsSpeedupunderfix-workload,fix-timeandfix-memoryusage.高级体系结构期末考试课后习题汇总4)

(等效率)see:kumarV,RaoVN.Paralleldepth–firshsearch,partii:Analysis.Int’IJofParallelProgramming,1987,16(6):501-5195)(等速度)see:SunXH,etc.scalabilityofparallelalgorithm-machinecombina-tions.IEEEtransactiononparallelanddistributedsystem,1994,5(6):519-6136)

(等延迟)see:ZhangXD,etc.latencymetric:anexperimentalmethodformeasuringandevaluatingparallelprogramandarchitecturescalability.JofparallelanddistributedComputing,1994,22:392-410.高级体系结构期末考试课后习题汇总2023/9/225HOMEWORK1解释ConceptsStatenetwork(静态网络)、Daymicnetwork(动态网络)、crossbar(交叉开关)、Multi-buses(多总线)2DrawN=25

MESH3写出用混洗交换网络模拟单级立方体网络的互连函数表达式pleasegivethesinglecubefunctionbyusingSHUFFLE-EXCHANGENETWORK4HowmuchhavethedifferentbusArbitrateAlogrithms?Whatisitsmeritanddemerit?总线仲裁有几种，各有何优缺点？高级体系结构期末考试课后习题汇总HOMEWORK1THEREAREP1,P2,P3,P4ANDM1,M2,M3,M4,PLEASEUSE2*2CROSSBARSWITCHBOXTODESIGNACONNECTIONNETWORKOFP1~M2,P2~M4,P3~M1,P4~M3.2WHATISDS-LINK?3WHATISDIFFERENCEBETWEENMESSAGE-PASSINGANDSHAREDMEMORY?4WHATAREWORMHOLECOMMUNICATIONANDITSPERFORMANCE?5ExplainingthatMyrinet,HiPPI,FDDI,ATM,SCI,and100BaseT。高级体系结构期末考试课后习题汇总6采用虫洞寻径的超立方体多机系统中，如果相邻节点间有一对方向相反的单向通道，试证明在该系统上实现立方体编码下的寻径不会死锁。(Inasupercubenetworkwithwormholecommunication,ifthereisapairoppositeone-waylinkbetweenanytwoneighbournodes,pleasetrytoproofthatthenetworkcannotbedeadlockedwhenlookingforpath)高级体系结构期末考试课后习题汇总自由任选（课外大作业）

任选一个具有代表性的BENCHMARK小程序,要求:1)请分析其源程序,写出其中的数据执行流程(包括:数据类型、具体值和时序关系);2)在1)的基础上,对其目标代码再进行数据流分析，写出其中的数据执行流程(包括:数据类型、具体值和时序关系);观察并写出与1）中间结果的差别表。3）在1）和2）基础上，对其数据执行的流程进行数据预取优化,并在具有CACHE的计算机上进行实际求解。要求给出具体数据预取的优化方法和改进的测试时间效果表。（可加5-10分）高级体系结构期末考试课后习题汇总用PVM或MPI并行软件工具编写一个并行程序，要求至少有2或3个并行任务进行协同求解某问题。WhatareArchitecture？Whatare

KeyTechandTheory？Whatare

MeetingProblems？1、Earth-Simulator2、BlueGene3、BeowulfWithPoPCCluster4、GridComputing5、PervasiveComputing6、P2PComputing7、SpecialPoPCClusterSuchasWebCacheCluster高级体系结构期末考试课后习题汇总作业homework11H0(n)=nmH0(

-n

)/(

-

)+n(1-m)H0;Hc(n)=nmH0(

-n

)/(

-

)+n(1-m)H0pleasedeletethe

and

byusing,thendrawthefunctionfigurewhenm=0.5,=0.2(画出其函数关系图)高级体系结构期末考试课后习题汇总Homework2事件状态A状态B说明初始无效无效（I）数据未装入CPUA读独占无效（I）读操作cache失效，装入CPUB读共享共享（S）读操作cache失效，装入后共享CPUA写修改无效（I）写操作命中CPUB读共享共享（S）读操作失效，装入CPUB写无效修改（M）写操作命中MESIProtocolCanyoufillthestates?高级体系结构期末考试课后习题汇总关于可用性中的检查点问题

CHECKPOINT(a,b,c)可在内核、库、应用程序三级发生；abdcxyzPQRProcess高级体系结构期末考试课后习题汇总一致性快照CheckpointConsistencySnapshot

（a--Consistency一致;b---NoConsistency不一致）如果进程之间不存在一个进程的检查点已接收了消息，而另一进程的检查点还未发送这个消息。称一致性快照。abxyzPQRC?Ifthereisnottheprocesswhichreceivesamessageatcheckpointandanotherprocesshasnotsentthemessageatcheckpoint,thenwesaythattherelatedcheckpointsaretheConsistencySnapshot高级体系结构期末考试课后习题汇总homew