高中英语人教版练习UNIT4SectionBReadingandThinking

UNIT4NATURALDISASTERSSectionBReadingandThinking课后篇巩固提升必备知识基础练Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Whentherunnersgottothefinishingline,allofthemwerequiteoutof(breathe).

答案breath2.Theirinventionshavecontributedtothedevelopmentof(electricity)engineering.

答案electrical3.Ignoringthedanger,herushedintothefiretorescuethose(trap)inthehouse.

答案trapped4.ItiswellknownthatancientGreecewasafountainof(wise)andphilosophy.

答案wisdom5.WhenIfinallygottothemeetingroom,thediscussionhadalreadyetoend.

答案an6.Nearlytwo(three)ofthestudentsinourclasslikeplayingfootball.

答案thirds7.Theaudienceapplaudedwhenthechairmangotuponhis(foot)tospeak.

答案feet8.Thenumberofstudentsinthisschoolhasincreased20percentthisyear.

答案by9.Istillremembervisitingafriendwho’dlivedhereforfiveyearsandI(shock)whenIlearntshehadn’tcookedonceinallthattime.

答案wasshocked10.The65yearoldSteveGoodwinwasfound(suffer)fromearlyAlzheimer’s.(2019·江苏卷)

答案sufferingⅡ.短语填空blowaway,lookup,falldown,etoanend,sufferfrom,nothingbut,cutacross,inshock,inruins,digout1.Theyhadalreadyreachedanagreementbeforethemeeting.

答案cametoanend2.Amongobesechildren,about30percentalsohighlevelsofbloodsugarandfat.

答案sufferfrom3.Formilesaroundme,therewasadesert,withoutasingleplantortreeinsight.

答案nothingbut4.Aftertheheavyfloodtwomonthsago,thewholevillagewasleft.

答案inruins5.Theytriedtoacaveinthesideofthemountainforshelterthatnight.

答案digout6.Soonastrongwindpassedthroughandthecloudsinthesky.

答案blewaway7.Pleasethewordinthedictionaryifyoudon’tknowhowtoreadit.

答案lookup8.Theearthquakediddamagetotheareawheremanyhouses.

答案felldown9.Inordertogainsometime,thetravellersmadeuptheirmindstothisfield.

答案cutacross10.Hewasstillfromwhathadhappenedearlierintheafternoon.

答案inshockⅢ.翻译句子1.让水龙头的水一直流淌是错误的。(have...doing)答案Itiswrongtohavethewaterfromthetaprunningallthetime.2.看到那个歌手,她太兴奋了,一句话也说不出来。(too...to...)答案Seeingthesinger,shewastooexcitedtospeak.3.乌云密布,看上去要下雨了。(Itlooksasif...)答案Darkcloudsaregathering.Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.4.每到一个地方,他就给自己发一张明信片。(everywhere引导的状语从句)答案Everywherehegoes,hesendshimselfapostcard.5.我喜欢早晨锻炼,因为空气呼吸起来很新鲜。(sthis+adj.+todo)答案Iliketoworkoutinthemorning,becausetheairissofreshtobreathe.关键能力提升练Ⅳ.阅读理解PartsofAfricaarecoveredbyadarkcloud.Butthisisnoraincloud.Itisalivingcloudmadeofbillionsoflocusts(蝗虫)thataretravellingacrossthecontinenteatingeverythingintheirpath.Andnowinthebattletostopthisdisaster,aradiostationinSenegal,WestAfrica,isofferinglisteners50kilogramsofriceiftheycancatchandkill50kilogramsoflocusts.“Wethinkthisideawillgetmorepeopletotakepartinthewaronthelocusts,”saidAbdoulayeBa,fromSudFm,aradiostationinoneofSenegal’sworstaffectedarea.ThisisWestAfrica’sbiggestlocustdisasterin15years,anditismovingeast,causinghugedamagetocrops.AstheymovetheyproduceyoungandincreasetheirnumberandwillsoonthreatenSudaninthenortheastofAfrica.SomesayitcouldreachAsia.Expertssaytheharmfuleffectoncropsinareasalreadysufferingfromfoodshortageandwarcouldcausemanypeopletogohungry.Governmentsintheareasarenotwellequippedtofightthepest.Althoughleadersof12countrieshaveagreedonaplan,itisnotexpectedtobeenough.“Wearenowtreating6,000hectares(公顷)perdaywithpesticide(杀虫剂),butweneedtotreat20,000hectaresperdayinordertohaveanyhopeofcontrollingthisdisaster,”saidMohamedAbdallahiOuldBabah,directoroflocustcontrolinMauritania.Requestsarebeingmadeforinternationalaid,whichistheonlywaytolimitthedisaster,theUN’sFoodandAgricultureOrganizationwarned.【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。这篇短文讲述的是非洲的部分地区遭受了非常严重的蝗虫灾害,造成了很大的损失。现在政府及其他国家的领袖都已经采取措施,展开行动,消灭蝗虫。电台也呼吁更多的人加入与蝗虫的战斗中来。1.Byusing“darkcloud”todescribelocustsinthefirstparagraph,theauthorofthearticle.

A.showsthesizeandspeedofthemassoflocustsB.suggeststhegreatdamagethatlocustscancauseC.warnsthatlocustswouldsweepthecontinentlikeraincloudsD.bothAandB答案D解析推理判断题。根据第一段可知,非洲部分地区被乌云覆盖,但这并不是雨云,而是由数十亿只蝗虫组成的活云,它们正在穿越非洲大陆,吃掉路上的所有东西。可推知,这里是用乌云来形容蝗虫的大小、速度和危害。故选D项。2.Thestoryismainlyabout.

A.WestAfrica’sunitedeffortinfightingadisasterB.thedifficultyincontrollinglocustsC.howlocustscausedgreatdamagetoWestAfricaD.astruggletofightagainstadisasterbroughtbylocustsinWestAfrica答案D解析主旨大意题。根据第一段可知,非洲部分地区被乌云覆盖,但这并不是雨云,而是由数十亿只蝗虫组成的活云,它们正在穿越非洲大陆,吃掉路上的所有东西。结合文章主要讲的是非洲西部发生的严重的蝗虫灾害,而且各方面正为消灭蝗虫而做着努力。由此可知,文章主要讲述的是一场与西非蝗虫带来的灾难作斗争的故事。故选D项。3.Thelocustdisaster.

A.wouldbeevenmoreseriousinAsiaB.isoutofcontrolC.affectedonlythewarningareasD.cannotbestoppedunlesstwiceasmuchpesticideisprovidedfortheaffectedareas答案B解析细节理解题。根据第四段中“‘Wearenowtreating6,000hectaresperdaywithpesticide,butweneedtotreat20,000hectaresperdayinordertohaveanyhopeofcontrollingthisdisaster,’saidMohamedAbdallahiOuldBabah,directoroflocustcontrolinMauritania.”可知,毛里塔尼亚蝗虫控制中心主任MohamedAbdallahiOuldBabah说:“我们现在每天要处理6000公顷的蝗虫,但是我们需要每天处理20000公顷的蝗虫,这样才有希望控制这场灾难。”由此可知,蝗虫灾害目前失去了控制。故选B项。4.WhichofthefollowingisWRONG?A.SudFmoffersarewardforfightinglocustssothatmorepeoplewilljoinintheeffort.B.SenegalistothesouthwestofSudan.C.ThelocustscancausesuchdamagemainlybecauseithasnonaturalenemyinWestAfrica.D.12countriesaffectedbylocustshaveunitedbutstilllackpesticide.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第二段中“Andnowinthebattletostopthisdisaster,aradiostationinSenegal,WestAfrica,isofferinglisteners50kilogramsofriceiftheycancatchandkill50kilogramsoflocusts.”可知,现在,在阻止这场灾难的战斗中,西非塞内加尔的一家电台向听众提供50千克大米,如果他们能够捕捉并杀死50千克蝗虫的话。由此可知,A选项“苏丹南方发展联盟—调频广播电台为抗击蝗虫提供奖励,以便更多的人参与这项努力”正确;根据第三段中“AstheymovetheyproduceyoungandincreasetheirnumberandwillsoonthreatenSudaninthenortheastofAfrica.”可知,B选项“塞内加尔在苏丹的西南部”正确;根据倒数第二段中“Althoughleadersof12countrieshaveagreedonaplan,itisnotexpectedtobeenough.”可知,尽管12个国家的领导人已经就一项计划达成一致,但预计这还不够。由此可知,D选项“受蝗虫影响的12个国家已经联合起来,但仍然缺乏杀虫剂”正确。只有C选项“蝗虫能造成这样的破坏主要是因为它们在西非没有天敌”文章没有提到,C选项错误。故选C项。Ⅴ.七选五Avolcanoisageologicallandformusuallycausedbytheeruptionthroughavent(火山口)inaplanet’ssurfaceofmagma(岩浆),moltenrockwellingupfromtheplanet’sinterior.1

Apopularwayofjudgingvolcanoesgoesbytheirfrequency(频率)oferuption.2Thosethathaveeruptedinhistoricaltimesbutarenowquietcalleddormant(休眠的)andthosethathavenoteruptedinhistoricaltimescalledextinct.

3Thelifespanofavolcanocanvaryfrommonthstoseveralmillionyears,makingsuchadistinction(辨别)sometimesmeaninglesswhenparedtothelifespansofhumansorevencivilisations.Forexample,manyoftheearth’svolcanoeshaveerupteddozensoftimesinthepastfewthousandyearsbutarenotcurrentlyshowingsignsoferuption.Giventhelonglifespanofsuchvolcanoes,theyareveryactive.4

Scientistsusuallyconsideravolcanoactiveifitiscurrentlyeruptingorshowingsignsofunrest,suchasunusualearthquakeactivityorsignificantnewgasemissions.5Itisimportanttonotethatthespanofrecordedhistorydiffersfromregiontoregion.IntheMediterranean,recordedhistoryreachesbackmorethan3,000yearsbutinthePacificNorthwestoftheUnitedStates,itreachesbacklessthan300years,andinHawaii,littlemorethan200years.TheSmithsonianGlobalVolcanismprogramme’sdefinitionof“active”ishavingeruptedwithinthelast10,000years.

A.Byourlifes