状语从句教学案

英语高考专题复习讲与练13状语从句一、考点聚焦1、时间状语从句（1）as、when、while用法一览表。类别作用例句asas表示“当……的时候”，往往和when/while通用，但它着重强调主句与从句的动作或事情同时或几乎同时发生。ShecameupasIwascooking.(同时)Therunnersstartedasthegunwentoff.(几乎同时)when(atorduringthetimethat)既可以表示在某一点的时候，又可表示在某一段时间内，主句与从句的动作或事情可以同时发生也可以先后发生。Itwasrainingwhenwearrived.(指时间点)Whenwewereatschool,wewenttothelibraryeveryday.(在一段时间内)whilewhile意思是“当……的时候”或“在某一段时间里”。主句中的动作或事情在从句中的动作或事情的进展过程中发生，从句中的动词一般要用延续性动词。在when表示aperiodoftime时，两者可以互换。Pleasedon’ttalksoloudwhileothersareworking.Hefellasleepwhile/whenreading.Strikewhiletheironishot.(用as或when不可，这里的while意思是“趁……”)（2）引导时间状语从句的连接词除上述外还有：①till,not…until…,until,before,sinceDon’tgetoffthebusuntilithasstopped.Hewaitedforhisfatheruntil(till)itwastwelveo’clock.before的有关句型Itwillbe+段时间+before+从句（一般现在时）“要过…..才”ItwillbefiveyearsbeforehereturnsfromEngland.Itwon’tbelongbefore+从句（一般现在时） “不久…就会”Itwon’tbelongbeforeherecoversfromtheinjury.Itwas3yearsbeforeheregainedthelovefromhisparents.Itwasn’tlongbeforethewholenationroseuptodrivetheenemyoutoftheircountry.HerangoffbeforeIcouldanswerit.②hardly/scarcely…when,nosooner…than,assoonasonce表示“一……就”AssoonasIhavefinishedit,I’llgiveyuacall.Onceyoushowanyfear,hewillattackyou.Wehadhardlygot/Hardlyhadwegotintothecountrywhenitbegantorain.Nosoonerhadhearrived/Hehadnosoonerarrivedthanshestartedcomplaining.③directly,immediately,themoment,theminutethat…一……就Hemadeforthedoordirectlyheheardtheknock.④eachtime,everytime,nexttime,anytime,bythetimeEachtimehecametomycity,hewouldcallonme.=5\*GB3⑤theday,thetime,thefirst(second,third…)time,thespring(summer,autumn,winter)Hismotherdiedthespringhereturned.注意：表示未来情况，主句用将来时，从句用现在时。在时间和条件从句中，主句是一般将来时，从句通常用一般现在时表示一般将来或者用现在完成表示将来完成。 .We’llgooutingifitdoesn’traintomorrow. I’llwritetoyouassoonasIgettoShanghai. Don’tgetoffthebusuntilthebushasstopped.2、让步状语从句（1）although与though可以引导让步状语从句，不能与but连用，但可以与yet连用。Althoughtheyarepoor,(yet)theyarewarm-hearted.（2）evenif或eventhough引导让步状语从句，表示“即使”，“纵然”，用来使人注意下文所强调内容的性质。I’llgetthereevenif(though)Ihavetosellmyhousetogetenoughmoneytogobyair.（3）nomatter后接上who、what、where、how等疑问词，也可以在这类疑问词后面加上ever构成whoever、whatever、wherever、however等。Don’ttrusthim,nomatterwhat/whateverhesays.Whoeverbreaksthelawwillbepublished.Nomatterhowhardtheworkis,you’dbettertrytodoitwell.（4）as也可以引导让步状语从句。要用倒装。Childas(though)heis,heknowsalot.MuchasIlikeit,Iwon’tbuy.Tryashewould,hecouldn’tlifttheheavybox.（5）whether…..or（无论……….与否）无论他是否愿意参与这次活动,我们也要坚持直到成功.__________________________________________________________________________3、原因状语从句：because,for,as,since,nowthat（1）表示不知道的原因时用because,即说话人认为听话人不知道，因此because从句是全句最重要的部分，通常它被置于主句之后。YouwanttoknowwhyI’mleaving?I’mleavingbecauseI’mfull.for虽然表示不知道的原因，但其语气较because要弱得多，是可说可不说的话，它只能置于主句之后，这时，for是并列连词。如果不是因果关系，而是对前面主句的内容加以解释或推断时，只能用for。如：It’smorningnow,forthebirdsaresinging.（很显然，鸟叫不可能是“现在已是早上”的原因。）（2）表示已经知道的原因时用as或since,即某种原因在说话人看来已经很明显，或已为听话人所熟悉，因此它是句中不很重要的部分。since要比as正式一些，它们通常被置于语句之前，但有时却相反。Seeingallofthechildrenalreadyseated,hesaid,“Sinceeveryoneishere,let’sstart.”(3)下列情况下只能使用because:①在回答why的问句时；②在用于强调句型时；③被not所否定时。4、地点状语从句：where,whereverMakeamarkwhereveryouhaveanyquestions.WewillgowherethePartydirectsus.5、目的状语从句：so,that,sothat,inorderthat,incase（以防，以免）等.注意：目的状语从句的谓语动词常与情态动词连用，否则可能是结果状语从句。不可置于句首。ShehasboughtthebookinorderthatshecouldfollowtheTVlessons.Heleftearlyincaseheshouldmissthetrain.6、结果状语从句：that,sothat,so…that,such…that…注意：so+形容词/副词+that从句；such+名词+that从句。7、方式状语从句：as,asif(though)I’lldoasIamtoldto.Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.8、比较状语从句：than,as,themore…themore9、条件状语从句：if,unless,so(as)longas,incase,once,asfaras,onconditionthat,.注意if与unless的区别：不能用and连接两个unless从句，即不能有…unless…,andunless…。但if…notandif…not却不受此限。Youwon’tloseyourweightunlessyoueatlessandunlessyouexercisemore.(×)Youwon’tloseyourweightunlessyoueatlessandexercisemore.(√)If(heis)notintheoffice,hemustbeoutforlunch. Youmayborrowthebooksolongasyoukeepitclean. SofarasIknow（据我所知）,hewillbeawayforthreemonths. Youcangoswimmingonconditionthatyoudon’tgotoofarawayfromtheriverbank. Ifhehadcomeafewminutesearlier,hecouldhaveseenher.10、注意状语从句中从句的省略现象（1）连接词+过去分词Don’tspeakuntilspokento.Pressurecanbeincreasedwhenneeded.Unlessrepaired,thewashingmachineisnouse.（2）连词+现在分词Lookoutwhilecrossingthestreet.（3）连词+形容词/其他常见的有itnecessary、ifpossible、whennecessary、ifany等。二、精典名题导解选择填空1.Idon’tthinkI’llneedanymoneybutI’llbringsome____________.(NMET2000)lastcaseagaintime解析：答案为B。句意为“带些钱以防万一”，只能选择incase。引导的条件状语从句，后面省略了Ishouldneedit。2.TheWTOcan’tliveuptoitsname_________itdoesn’tincludeacountrythatishometoonefifthofmankind.（NMET2000）longasthough解析：答案为C。本题考查状语从句的用法。句意为“假如世贸组织不包括占世界人口五分之一的中国的话，那它就名不副实”。aslongas语气过于强烈，while和eventhough不符合句意。3、Someonecalledmeupinthemiddleofthenight,buttheyhungup_________Icouldanswerthephone.(NMET2000)A.asB.sinceC.beforeD.until解析：答案为C。题意为：半夜里有人打来电话，我没来得及回他就挂了。but暗示在接话前就挂了。状语从句1．，Motherwillwaitforhimtohavedinnertogether．A．However1ateisheB．HoweverheislateC．HoweverishelateD．Howeverlateheis2．Goandgetyourcoat．Itisyouleftit．A．thereB．whereC．therewhereD．wherethere3．Iwon’tforgiveherunlessshe．A．WillapologizeB．apologizedC．wouldapologizeD．apologizes4．Whydoyouwantanewjobyou’vegotsuchagoodonealready?A．thatB．whereC．whichD．when5．IfyougotoXi’an，you’1lfindthepalacestheremoremagnificentthancommonly．A．supposingB．supposedC．tosupposeD．suppose6．Althoughheisconsideredagreatwriter，．A．hisworksarenotwidelyreadB．buthisworksarenotwidelyreadC．howeverhisworksarenotwidelyreadD．stillhisworksarenotwidelyread7．Whenyoureadthebook，you’dbettermakeamarkyouhaveanyquestions.A．atwhichB．atwhereC．theplacewhereD．where8．thedayswenton，theweathergotworse．A．WithB．SinceC．WhileD．As9．yougo，behonestandmodest．A．Wherever；doB．Wherever；mustC．Where；doD．Where；should10．，itwasfinishedontime．A．AswastheworkdifficultB．DifficultaswastheworkC．DifficultastheworkwasD．Astheworkwasdifficult11．everybodyishere，let’sbeginourmeeting．A．WhenB．ForC．BecauseD．Since12．Itwashewasillthathewasabsentyesterday．A．nowthatB．sinceC．asD．because13．Putthemedicineyoucaneasilygetit．A．sothatB．whereC．whichD．there14．Theearthgoesaroundthesunthemoongoesaroundearth．A．sothatB．justlikeC．ashowD．justas15．NosoonerfinishedmyworkthebosscomeA．hadI；whenB．Ihad；whenC．hadI；thanD．Ihad；when16．richonemaybe，thereisalwayssomethingonewants．A．WhateverB．WheneverC．HoweverD．Wherever17．—Whatwasthepartylike?—Wonderful．It’yearsIenjoyedmyselfsomuch．A．afterB．beforeC．whenD．since18．MotherwasworriedbecauselittleAlicewasill．EspeciallyfatherwasawayinFrance．A．asB．thatC．duringD．if19．Wewon’tgiveupweshouldfail10times．A．evenifB．sinceC．whetherD．unti120．Pleaseletmeknowyouhaveanymoreinformation．A．themomentB．unlessC．asfarasD．until21．JackandJimhadtowaittwomoreweeksthemanagercameback．A．beforeB．untilC．unlessD．when22．Pleaseputbackthebooksyoutookthem．A．whereB．inwhichC．whichD．there23．youhavementionedit，I’llremembertolookafteryourdogwhenyougotraveling．A．BeforeB．IfC．NowthatD．Until24．—Whatareyougoingt