虚拟语气小结

虚拟语气小结英语动词有

种语气

陈述语气祈使语气

虚拟语气用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不太可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。三

虚拟语气的考点

1、条件句中的虚拟语气的用法；2、条件句中虚拟语气的倒装；3、虚拟语气时态的判定。4、名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法；5、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法;虚拟语气第一部分：(一).虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的应用条件从句谓语动词主句谓语动词与现在事实相反与过去事实相反与将来事实相反相对于与现在过去将来事实相反的句子谓语动词相应有三种形式时态往前推一步did/(were)sthwould\should\could\mightdosth

haddonesthwould\should\could\mighthavedonesthdid/weretodosth/shoulddosthwould\should\could\mightdosthIfIwereyou,Iwouldgothere.Ifwehadtime,wewouldreaditagain.Ifmybrother

______here,everything______________allright.(be)Ifyoucametomorrow,wouldhavethemeeting.IfheshouldhavetimenextSunday,hewouldgotovisittheGreatWall.

werewouldbeIfit__________(rain),thesportsmeeting___________________(putoff).Ifhehadcomeearlier,hewouldhaveseenher.Ifyou_________(take)myadvice,you___________________(fail)intheexam.weretorainwouldbeputoffhadtakenwouldn’thavefailed1)Ifhe______todoso,hecouldfindthetime.wants B.wantedC.wouldwant D.haswanted2)IfI____abird,I____veryhappy.were,wouldbe B.am,shallbeC.am,wouldbe D.were,shallbeBA3)Ifhe____inadayortwo,Iwouldwaitforhim.A.returns B.shouldhavereturnedC.weretoreturn D.hadreturned4)Idon’tthinkhewillattendtheparty.Butifhe____theparty,whatwouldhewear?A.shouldattend B.wouldattendC.attend D.hadattendedCA5)Ifyou____thedoctor’sadvice,youwouldhaverecoveredalready.A.followed B.wouldfollowC.follow D.hadfollowed6)Ididn’tknowSmithwascominguntilnow.Ifyouhadletmeknowyesterday,I____totheairporttomeethim.A.wouldhavegone B.wouldgoC.willhavegone D.willgoDA注意：1.根据条件句能确定主句谓语形式反之亦然2.关于主句中的情态动词：

should一般用于第一人称would表结果could表能力might表或许许可3.在虚拟语气中,be一般用were,而不用was4.关于条件句中的倒装：____________________________________________________IfIwereyou,Iwouldgothere.=____________,Iwouldgothere.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewillstayathome.=______________________,wewillstayathome.Ifhehadtakenmyadvice,hewouldhavepassedtheexam.=____________________________,hewouldhavepassedtheexam.if引导的虚拟条件句,如果动词是were,should或had时,可将if省略,把were,should或had提到句首,形成倒装。WereIyouShoulditrain

tomorrowHadhetakenmyadvice1.____today,hewouldgetthereonFriday.Washeleaving B.IfheleavesC.Werehetoleave D.IfheisleavingC看下面几个例句并发现其中的规律：1)Ifhehadfollowedthedoctor’sadvice,hewouldbewellnow.2)IfIwereyou,Iwouldnothavegonetoseethefilmyesterday.3)IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavetakenhisadvice.5.错综时间虚拟条件句：通常情况下，在非真实条件句中，主句和从句的谓语动词所指的时间是一致的，但有时也可能指不同的时间，即错综时间虚拟条件句，这时从句和主句要根据谓语动作发生的时间不同，采用相应的·谓语动词形式。①Ifit_____________(rain)lastnight,theground___________(be)wetnow.②(如果我是你)________________,I_________________(take)hisadviceearlier.③Ifyou________________(notwatch)televisionsolatelastnight,youwouldnotbesosleepynow.④Ifyou_______________(listen)tothedoctor,youwouldbeallrightnow.hadrainedwouldbeIfIwereyouwouldhavetakenhadnotwatchedhadlistenedIfIhadstudiedEnglishlastyear,I____abletospeakitnow.A.couldbe B.couldhavebeenC.shouldbe D.wouldhavebeen2)Ifyou____withGeorgeyesterdaymorning,youwouldnotbesoangrynow.A.talked B.hadtalkedC.couldtalk D.weretotalkAB6.含蓄虚拟条件句有时假设的情况并不是以if引导的从句形式表示出来，而是通过一个介词,介词短语或其它方式表示。常用的词或短语有：without,butfor(没有,要不是),or,orelse,otherwise(否则,要不然)等。1.Butforyourhelp,I________________suchgreatprogressinEnglish.（notmake）2.Withoutair,we___________live.3.Withoutyourhelp,we_______________________goingtothecollege.(notsucceed)4.Hewashavingameeting,otherwise,he_________________overtohelpus.(come)5.Hewas

tired,orhe___________________theparty.(attend)④/⑤句子结构特点：——————————————————————couldn’thavemadecouldn’twouldnothavesucceededwouldhavecomewouldhaveattended真实情况+otherwise/or+虚拟语气句⑥Iwouldhaveboughtityesterday,butI_________(have)nomoney.⑦He_________________(do)theworkwell,buthewassocareless.总结：⑥/⑦句特点：_______________________________hadwouldhavedone虚拟语气+but+真实语气____theirassistance,hewouldhavetoleadaverymiserablelife,hemightevenstarvetodeath.A.With B.ButforC.Withoutfor D.Ifnot2)Hedidhisbestineverything,____hewouldnothavebeenwhathewas.A.andB.butC.otherwiseD.butthatBC7.其他几种情况1)wish+(that)—宾语从句现在did过去haddone/would/could/mighthavedone

将来would\could\mightdo注意：(译)IwishIwererich.____________

–DidyouseeRosebeforeshewenttoEngland?--No.IwishI____her.A.seeB.awC.hadseenD.shouldsee

我希望我现在有钱c2）asif/asthough引导的表语从句、

方式状语从句中的谓语动词虚拟语气现在didsth(were)过去haddonesth将来would/could/mightdosth1)Heappearsasthoughhe__anItalian.A.wereB.wasC.hasbeen D.be2)Itseemsasifhe____thereyesterday.A.wasB.wereC.hasbeenD.hadbeen

ShetalkedaboutAmericaasifhehadbeen

bornthere.2)Hesings

asthoughhewereasinger.AD3)Ifonly+句子（要是…就好了/但愿…）

①IfonlyTom______(be)herenow.②IfonlyIhadlistenedtomyparents.③Ifonlyhewouldgowithustomorrow.注意：onlyif+句子（真实语气）只有…（倒装）Onlyifateacherhasgivenpermissionisastudentallowedtoleavetheclassroom.(译)现在didsth过去haddonesth将来woulddosthwere只有得到老师的允许，学生才能离开教室。II第二部分____________________________1)It’s(high/about)timethatsb.did/shoulddosth(注should不能省略)It’stimethatwehad/shouldhavearest.2)Wouldrathersbdidsth(与现在,将来事实相反)Wouldrathersbhaddonesth(与过去事实相反)Iwouldratheryoucametoday/tomorrow.Iwouldratheryouhadcomeyesterday.

用过去时态表示虚拟语气Exx:①Iwouldratherhe____talkaboutthistoyou.A.won'tB.doesn'tC.didn'tD.don't②It'shightimeyou_____thewholebook.A.mustgooverB.cangooverC.wentoverD.gooverCC3)Itisnecessarythatanefficientworker____hisworkontime.A.accomplishes B.couldaccomplishC.accomplish D.hasaccomplished4)I’drathershe____tomorrowthantoday.A.come B.cameC.shouldcome D.hascomeCB第三部分：__________________________一.宾语从句:urge敦促desire渴望recommend

一个坚持insist二个命令order/command三个建议advise/suggest/propose四个要求demand/require/request/askExx:①Heinsistedthathe______rightandthathe_______punished.Awas.wasn’tB.shouldbe.notbeC.was.notbeD.be,was②Herpalefacesuggestedthathe_____ill,soIsuggestedthatshe_____senttohospitalatonce.A.waswasB.bewasC.bebeD.wasbe谓语动词用(should)+动词原型表虚拟CD二．主语从句：①Itis+p.p(ordered/suggested……)that……sb(should)dosth②Itisimportant/strange/apity……/ashame/surprise+that+sb(should)dosth三.表语从句：Mysuggestion/……isthatsb.(should)dosth四.同位语从句：①.Hegaveordersthattheguests(should)beentertainedwarmly.②.Hisproposalisthatwe(should)getridofthebadhabits.在表语从句、同位语从句中表示建议，命令，主张，目的和愿望的名词。advice/demand/proposal/desire/recommendation(推荐)/idea（主张）、request、requirement、order、suggestionWedemandedthathe____thebillbytheendofthemonth.A.wouldpayB.payC.paidD.hadpaid2)--DidyourfathergotoNewYork?--No,hisdoctorsuggestedthathe____.A.notgoB.isn’tgoingC.didn’tgoD.won’tgo3)Hissayingsuggestedhe___withherwords.A.notagreeB.didn’tagreeC.hadn’tagreeD.doesn’tagree

BAB五补充：①plan/mean/intend/expect(过去式)+edtohavedonesth=had+p.ptodosthShould/wouldliketohavedone原计划、打算、期望干某事但实际未干②．Was/weretohavedonesth想做而未做……Weweretohaverepairedthebikebetter.③.may+动词原形表示祝愿/但愿Mayyoubehappy!Maygoodluckbeyours.④.用动词原形:LongliveChairmanMao!(毛主席万岁)Godblessyou!(愿上帝保佑你)历年高考题Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,