英语名师讲练大一轮复习外研版通用核心素养测评十八必修3Module6OldandNew

温馨提示：此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。核心素养测评十八必修3Module6OldandNew(限时35分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解TheOnlyWayIsUpThinkofamoderncityandthefirstimagethatestomindistheskyline.Itisfullofgreatbuildings,pointinglikefingerstoheaven.Itistruethatsomecitiesdon’tpermitbuildingstogoaboveacertainheight.Butthesearecitiesconcernedwiththepast.Thefirstthinganycitydoeswhenitwantstotelltheworldthatithasarrivedistobuildskyscrapers.

Whenpeoplegathertogetherincities,theycreateademandforland.Sincecitiesareplaceswheremoneyismade,thatdemandcanbemet.Andthebestwaytomakemoneyoutofcitylandistoputasmanypeopleaspossibleinaspacethatcoversthesmallestamountofground.Thatmeansbuildingupwards.Thetechnologyexistedtodothisasearlyasthe19thcentury.Buttheheightofbuildingswaslimitedbyoneimportantfactor.Theyhadtobesmallenoughforpeopleonthetopfloorstoclimbstairs.Peoplecouldnotbeexpectedtoclimbamountainattheendoftheirjourneytowork,orhome.ElishaOtis,aUSinventor,wasthemanwhobroughtusthelift—orelevator,ashepreferredtocallit.However,mostofthetechnologyisveryold.LiftsworkusingthesamepulleysystemtheEgyptiansusedtocreatethePyramids.WhatOtisdidwasattachthesystemtoasteamengineanddeveloptheelevatorbrake,whichstopstheliftfallingifthecordsthatholdituparebroken.Itwasthisthatdidthemosttogainpublicconfidenceinthenewinvention.Infact,hespentanumberofyearsexhibitingliftsatfairgrounds,givingpeoplethechancetotrythemoutbeforesellingtheideatoarchitectsandbuilders.Aliftwouldnotbeaverygoodthemeparkattractionnow.Goinginaliftissuchaneverydaythingthatitwouldjustbeboring.Yetpsychologistsandotherswhostudyhumanbehaviorfindliftsfascinating.Thereasonissimple.Scientistshavealwaysstudiedanimalsinzoos.Thenearesttheycangettothatwithhumansisinobservingtheminlifts.【文章大意】本文主要介绍了在大城市里有了摩天大楼,然后就出现了电梯。1.Theunderlinedwords“citiesconcernedwiththepast”inthefirstparagraphrefertocitiesthat.

A.areworriedabouttheirpastB.haveagloriouspasttobeproudofC.wanttomaintaintheirtraditionalimageD.areveryinterestedintheirownhistory【解析】选C。句意理解题。beconcernedwith是“关心,关注”的意思,根据前面一句话可知,这里指那些不允许建筑物超出一定高度的城市,即不愿意改变固有形象的城市。故选C。2.Thedifficultyinconstructingtallbuildingsinthe19thcenturyliesin.

A.theshortageofmoneyB.thelackofadevicetocarrypeopleupwardC.backwardtechnologyD.mountainstakinguplandspace【解析】选B。细节理解题。第三段中提到早在19世纪建造高楼的技术已经存在,限制楼高的一个重要因素就是人们下班回家后不想像爬山那样去爬楼梯,说明当时还没有找到把人往高处送的办法或设备。故选B。3.WhatdoweknowabouttheliftOtisinvented?A.Hesoldittothearchitectsandbuildersimmediately.B.HeusedittobuildthePyramids.C.Itwasacceptedfavorablybythepublic.D.Mostpeoplehaddoubtaboutitssafety.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第四段可知,Otis通过做实验,使人们对他发明的电梯增加了信心,他在露天游乐场里让大家试乘了几年才把这个电梯想法出售给建筑师和营造商。这说明人们对电梯还是持怀疑态度。故选D。4.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheexperienceofgoinginaliftnow?A.Fascinating. B.Uninteresting.C.Frightening. D.Exciting.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据最后一段的Aliftwouldnotbeaverygoodthemeparkattractionnow.Goinginaliftissuchaneverydaythingthatitwouldjustbeboring.可知,现在乘坐电梯已经十分普通,是一件无聊的事情。故选B。【知识拓展】佳词积累1.skylinen.空中轮廓线2.pulley n.滑轮3.fairground n.露天游乐场;展销会场地4.asearlyas 早在5.tryout 尝试Ⅱ.完形填空Gradythrewdownhisbackpackandslammedthecardoorshut.“Thisisgoingtobeareally1week,”hesaidunhappilytonoone2.Helookedaroundthecampground.Hundredsofbluegreenfirtrees,someastallaschurchtowers,3themountainside,givingittheappearanceofalushgreencarpet.Thesunwouldbesettingsoon.Then,Gradythought,maybethe4wouldn’tfeelsobad.Evenuphereinthe5,thehotstickinessofJulyclungtohim.

Gradyhatedcamping,butitwassomethinghisfamily6everysummer.Hisfatherlikedcookingoveranopenfire,tellingstoriesabouthowto7thingslikebearattacksandswarmsofbees.HismotherandyoungerbrotherJaredlikedtohikeandtake8ofanimals.Jaredhadacollectionofbugpicturesthathe’d9tothewallsinhishalfoftheirroom.GradythoughttheywerejustscaryandconsideredthemproofthatJaredwasa10kid.

Theysetupcamp—two11,oneforhisparentsandoneforhimselfandJared.Whileeveryoneelsestarted12dinner,Grady,lookingforsomeplacetocooldown,setoffforthenearbystream,whichwasdeepenoughto13in.

Ashe14thestream,somethingcaughthiseye.Therewasa/an15blackbearcub—nomorethantwofeettallwithalovelyface.Itwasplaying16atthewater’sedge,17itssurroundings.Gradymovedclosertogeta18look.ThenGradyheardasoundbehindhim.He19hisfathersayingthatbearcubswouldneverbe20.Thenheturnedaroundandsawthecub’smothermovingswiftlytowardshim...

【文章大意】格雷迪不喜欢野营,但他的家人喜欢。于是他跟着父母一起去野营,在家人准备晚餐时,他去附近的小溪玩,在那里他看见了一只小幼熊,这时母熊出现了……1.A.longB.interesting C.peaceful D.risky【解析】选A。句意:这将是一个非常漫长的星期。long长的;interesting有趣的;peaceful平静的;risky冒险的,危险的。2.A.inadvance B.inbriefC.inparticular D.insilence【解析】选C。句意:他没有特别地对谁不高兴地说。inadvance提前;inbrief简而言之,总之;inparticular尤其,特别;insilence沉默地,不说话。3.A.blocked B.covered C.reflected D.scarred【解析】选B。句意:数以百计的蓝绿色冷杉树,有些像教堂塔一样高,覆盖着山坡,给它一个郁郁葱葱的绿色地毯的外观。block阻止,阻塞;cover覆盖;reflect反思,深思熟虑;scar结疤,留下疤痕。4.A.dust B.campground C.heat D.sun【解析】选C。句意:太阳很快就要下山了。然后,格雷迪想,也许不会那么热了。dust灰尘;campground露营场所;heat热度,高温;sun太阳。后面“thehotstickinessof...”是一个提示,故选C。5.A.mountain B.river C.sky D.tower【解析】选A。根据上文可知格雷迪来到山上。mountain山;river河流;sky天空;tower塔。6.A.believedin B.insistedonC.cameacross D.livedthrough【解析】选B。句意:格雷迪讨厌野营,但这是他的家人每年夏天都坚持要做的事。believein相信;insiston坚持;eacross碰到,偶遇;livethrough经历……而幸存。7.A.encourage B.exploreC.recognize D.survive【解析】选D。句意:他的父亲喜欢在篝火上做饭,讲述如何在被熊和蜂群袭击中生存的故事。encourage鼓励;explore探索;recognize认出;survive从……中活下来,幸存。8.A.care B.controlC.pictures D.examples【解析】选C。句意:他的母亲和弟弟贾里德喜欢徒步旅行,给动物拍照。takecareof照顾;takecontrolof控制;takepicturesof拍……的照片;takeexamplesof以……为例。9.A.guided B.pinned C.taken D.thrown【解析】选B。句意:贾里德有一些昆虫照片收藏品,他把这些收藏品钉在自己房间的墙上。guide指导;pin用针别住,钉在……上;take拿,取;throw扔掉。10.A.sensitive B.smartC.tough D.strange【解析】选D。句意:格雷迪认为它们是吓人的,证明贾里德是个奇怪的孩子。sensitive敏感的;smart聪明的;tough艰难的;strange奇怪的。11.A.beds B.rooms C.tents D.plates【解析】选C。句意:他们搭建了两个帐篷,一个是他父母的,一个是他自己和贾里德的。bed床;room房间;tent帐篷;plate盘子。12.A.altering B.huntingC.ordering D.preparing【解析】选D。句意:当其他人开始准备晚餐的时候,格雷迪想找个地方凉快一下,就动身去附近的小溪。alter改变,更改;hunt打猎,寻找;order命令;prepare准备。13.A.dig B.swim C.hide D.sink【解析】选B。句意:小溪深得足以游泳。dig挖;swim游泳;hide躲藏;sink下沉。14.A.crossed B.imagined C.left D.neared【解析】选D。分析句意可知,他走近小溪时,有东西吸引了他的目光。cross穿过;imagine想象;leave离开;near靠近,此处为动词。15.A.adorable B.aggressiveC.injured D.large【解析】选A。句意:有一只讨人喜欢的黑熊幼崽,身高不超过两英尺,有一张可爱的脸。adorable可爱的;aggressive有侵略性的;injured受伤的;large巨大的。16.A.cautiously B.joyfullyC.forcefully D.nervously【解析】选B。此处指这是一只小熊,它在水边欢快地玩耍。cautiously小心地,谨慎地;joyfully高兴地,喜悦地;forcefully强有力地;nervously紧张地。17.A.attacking B.destroyingC.hating D.ignoring【解析】选D。此处指小熊忽略了周围的环境。attack袭击;destroy破坏;hate憎恨;ignore忽略,忽视。18.A.better B.brighter C.worse D.kinder【解析】选A。此处指看见小熊,格雷迪想好好地看一下。better更好的;brighter更明亮的;worse更糟的;kinder更善良的。19.A.found B.learnedC.remembered D.misunderstood【解析】选C。句意:然后格雷迪听到身后有声音。他记得他的父亲说小熊永远不会是单独的。find发现;learn学习;remember记得,记住;misunderstand误解。20.A.alone B.awake C.cute D.scared【解析】选A。根据后面幼熊的妈妈快速地向他靠近,可知幼熊不是单独的。alone独自的;awake醒着的,警惕的;cute娇小可爱的,机灵的,精明的;scared害怕的。【知识拓展】佳词积累1.slam vt.砰地关上2.swarm n.群3.proof n.证据4.cooldown 凉快;冷静下来5.setofffor 出发去某地6.cub n.幼兽Ⅲ.语法填空导学号阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Insertingneedlesthroughtheskinmaysound1.(scare),butacupuncture(针灸)andmoxibustion(艾灸),twokeyponentsoftraditionalChinesemedicine(TCM)aresaid2.(improve)thepatients’health.

3.(add)toUNESCO’SIntangibleCulturalHeritageListin2010,acupunctureandmoxibustionhavebeen4.(wide)practicedinChinaforthousandsofyears.Theirformatsandpracticehavedistinctiveregionalcharacteristicsandtheyhavethepreciousheritagebased5.Chinesecultureandscience.

ThetheoryoftraditionalChinesemedicinebelievesthehumanbodyisasmalluniverseandhas6.(it)owncirculatorysystemwherethereareacupoints(穴位)connectingthechannels.Bystimulatingtheseacupoints,theselfregulatingfunctionofthehumanbodycan7.(make)better.Acupuncturereferstothepracticeofinsertingneedlesintothebodyofapatientatacertainangleandusing8.(technique)suchastwistingandliftingtheneedlestoexciteacupointstotreatdiseases.Moxibustionnormallyreferstoplacingmoxa(艾)directlyonacupointsorholdingmoxasticksat9.distancetowarmthebody.

In1995,theWorldHealthOrganizationpublished10.canbetreatedbyacupunctureandmoxibustion.TCMhasbeemoreandmoreacceptedbyothercountriesintheworld.

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中医的两个关键组成部分:针灸和艾灸。1.【解析】scary。考查词性转换。sound听起来,为系动词,故此处应用形容词作表语。句意:把针扎入皮肤可能听起来很恐怖,但是针灸和艾灸,中医的两个关键组成部分,据说可以改善病人的健康状况。2.【解析】toimprove。考查非谓语动词。besaidtodosth.“据说……”是固定用法。3.【解析】Added。考查非谓语动词。动词add与“acupunctureandmoxibustion”构成逻辑上的动宾关系,故此处用过去分词短语作状语。句意:针灸和艾灸在中国已经被广泛实践数千年,2010年,它们被列入联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产名录。4.【解析】widely。考查词性转换。此处修饰动词practiced,结合语境可知,应用副词widely广泛地”。5.【解析】on。考查介词。(be)basedon意为“以……为基础”。句意:它们的形式和实践有独特的区域特征,它们还拥有基于中国文化和科学的宝贵遗产。6.【解析】its。考查代词。one’sown意为“……自己的”。句意:传统的中医理论认为人体是一个小宇宙,有自己的血液循环系统,在这个系统中,有穴位连通经络。7.【解析】bemade。考查语态。句子主语“theselfregulatingfunction...body”与动词make之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;含有情态动词的被动语态由“情态动词+be+动词过去分词”构成。句意:通过刺激这些穴位,人体的自我调节功能会更佳。8.【解析】techniques。考查名词单复数。由下文的suchastwistingandlifting...”可知,此处不止一个技巧,故用名词复数形式。句意:针灸是指以一定的角度将针扎入病人体内,利用捻针、抬针等技巧刺激穴位,从而治疗疾病的做法。9.【解析】a。考查冠词。atadistance离一段距离。句意:艾灸通常是指将艾直接放在穴位上或持着艾条隔着一段距离暖身。10.【解析】what。考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知,“canbetreatedbyacupunctureandmoxibustion”作动词published的宾语,为宾语从句,且从句中缺少主语,表示“……的事情”,故用what。句意:1995年,世界卫生组织公布了针灸和艾灸能够治疗的病症,中医已经越来越被世界上其他国家接受。

Ⅳ.短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词; 2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。DearBen,I’mgladtoknowaboutthatyouareenthusiasticaboutChineseclassicsthesedays.InordertobetteryourunderstandofChineseliterature,Ithink,JourneytotheWest,oneofthefourgreatclassicalnovel,willmakethebestchoice.JourneytotheWest,writingbyWuCheng’enin16thcentury,tellsastoryaboutPriestTangandhisthreefollowers.WetravelwestwardtoIndia.Afteroveringdifficulties,theyeventualgettrueBuddhism.Youaresuretoenjoyreadthenovelbutyou’reweletosharewithmeyouropinionswheneveryoulike.IwishedyoucouldpayavisittoChinawhenitisconvenientforyou.Yours,LiHua答案:1.【解析】第一句去掉about。后面接that引导的宾语从句时,know直接接从句,不需要加介词。2.【解析】第二句understand→understanding。根据your可知,此处需要用名词。【知识拓展】动词+ing构成名词有些动词变成名词时,是加后缀ing。例如:swimming,walking,running,spelling,fishing等。3.【解析】第二句novel→novels。根据前面的oneof可知,此处需要用novel的复数。4.【解析】第三句writing→written。writtenbyWuCheng’en是过去分词短语,作定语修饰JourneytotheWest。5.【解析】第三句in后面加the。序数词前面加定冠词the,表示特指。6.【解析】第四句We→They。此处指唐僧师徒四人,所以用They。7.【解析】第五句eventual→eventually。此处需要副词修饰动词get。8.【解析】第六句read→reading。enjoy后面接动词的ing形式。9.【解析】第六句but→and。此处前后是并列关系。10.【解析】第七句wished→wish。此处表示现在的期望,所以用一般现在时。Ⅴ.书面表达假如你是李华,你班上周星期一第一节课召开了以“垃圾分类(wastesorting)”为主题的班会,请你用英语写一篇通讯稿,内容包括: 1.班会的时间、地点; 2.班会的过程; 3.班会后的认识和感受。 注意:词数100左右。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【参考范文】InthefirstclassoflastMonday,aclassmeetingwhosetopicwas“wastesorting”washeldinourclassroom.Atthebeginningofthemeeting,wewatchedavideoabouthowtosortwaste.Then,weweregiventheopportunitytodoitbyourselves,someofwhomwereaskedtoetothefronttodemonstratetheprocess,makingexplanations.Lastly,themonitorappealedtoustodoourparttomakeourworldmorebeautiful.Theactivityturnedouttobesuccessfulandfruitful,throughwhichwenotonlyacquiredagoodknowledgeofwastesortingbutalsoraisedourawarenessofprotectingtheenvironment.语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ThePanamaCanalopenedalmost100yearsago.Itextendsapproximately50milesfromPanamaCityonthePacificOcean1.ColonontheCaribbeanSea.Itis2.(wide)consideredtobeoneoftheworld’sgreatestengineering3.(achieve).

Morethanonemillionships4.(pass)throughwaterwaysince1914.ItconnectstheAtlanticandPacificoceansandreducestravelbyabout13,000kilometersandavoidstheneedforshipstosailaroundCapeHornatthebottomofSouthAmerica.

TheUnitedStatesisthelarges