英语人教版高中选择性必修一（2019新编）Unit 1 People of Achievement第一讲Reading and Thinking教案

ReadingandThinking目标导航目标导航重点词汇1．crucialadj.至关重要的；关键性的2．vitaladj.必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的3．objectiven．目标；目的adj.客观的4．propertyn．性质；特征；财产；房地产5．extractn．提取物；摘录vt.提取；提炼；摘录；(用力)拔出6．wormwoodn．蒿；洋艾7．boilvt.&vi.(使)沸腾；煮开；烧开n.沸腾；沸点8．liquidn．液体adj.液体的；液态的9．obtainvt.(尤指经努力)获得；赢得vi.(规章、习俗等)存在；流行10．defeatn．失败；挫败vt.击败；战胜11．substancen．物质；物品；事实根据12．insistvi.&vt.坚持；坚决要求词汇拓展13．physiologyn．生理学→physiologicaladj.生理学的→physiologicallyadv.生理学方面14．committedadj.尽心尽力的；坚定的→commitvt.承诺；保证vi.忠于；全心全意投入→commitmentn．承诺；致力15．academyn．研究院；学会；专科院校→academicadj.学业的；学术的16．botanicaladj.植物学的→botanyn．植物学→botanistn．植物学家17．evaluatevt.评价；评估→evaluationn．评价；评估18．distinctadj.清晰的；清楚的；有区别的→distinctionn．区别①20．analysevt.分析→analysisn．分析21．apparentlyadv.显而易见；看来；显然→apparentadj.显而易见的；显然的22．scientificadj.科学(上)的；关于科学的→sciencen．科学→scientistn．科学家重点词组1．millionsof成千上万2．leadto导致3．diefrom/of死于4．commitoneselftodo承诺；保证5．inthebeginning起初6．acollectionof一批；一堆7．bychance偶然；意外地8．morethan超过，多于9．insiston坚决要求重点句型1．whose引导非限制性定语从句Thisyear’sNobelPrizeforPhysiologyorMedicinehasbeenawardedtoTuYouyou(co­winner)，whoseresearchledtothediscoveryofartemisinin，acrucialnewtreatmentformalaria.今年的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予了屠呦呦(共同获奖者)，她的研究促成了青蒿素的发现，一种治疗疟疾的关键新药物。2．过去分词短语作定语In1967，theChinesegovernmentformedateamofscientistswiththeobjectiveofdiscoveringanewtreatmentformalaria，andTuYouyouwasamongthefirstresearcherschosen.1967年，中国政府组建了一支以探索治疗疟疾新方法为目的的科学队伍，屠呦呦是其中首批入选的研究人员。3．where引导定语从句Inthebeginning，TuYouyouwenttoHainan，wheremalariawasmorecommon，tostudymalariapatients.起初，屠呦呦去了疟疾比较普遍的海南，研究疟疾患者。4．现在分词短语作定语Sheanalysedthemedicaltextsagain，andbychance，shefoundonesentencesuggestingadifferentwaytotreatthewormwood.她又分析了一遍医学文献，偶然发现了一句话，建议用另一种方法对待艾草。5．Upon/Ondoingthat...一……就……Upon/OnhearingthatshehadbeenawardedtheNobelPrize，shesaid...屠呦呦一听到自己获得诺贝尔奖，她就说……知识精讲知识精讲原文呈现TUYOUYOUAWARDED①NOBELPRIZE6October2015Thisyear’sNobelPrizeforPhysiologyorMedicine②hasbeenawardedtoTuYouyou(co－winner)，whoseresearchledtothediscoveryofartemisinin③，acrucial④newtreatmentfor⑤malaria⑥【1】．Artemisininhassavedhundredsofthousandsoflives⑦，andhasledtoimprovedhealthformillionsofpeople.Over200millionpeoplearoundtheworld⑧getmalariaeachyear，andabout600，000diefromit.Artemisininhasbecomeavital⑨partofthetreatmentformalaria，andisthoughttosave100，000livesayearinAfricaalone【2】．【1】whoseresearch...artemisinin是whose引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词TuYouyou，whose在从句中作定语；acrucialnewtreatmentformalaria是同位语，用来解释说明artemisinin。【2】此处是“主语＋bethought＋不定式”句型。TuYouyou，acommitted⑩andpatientscientist，wasborninNingbo，China，on30December1930，andgraduatedfromPekingUniversityMedicalSchool⑪in1955.Aftershegraduated，sheworkedattheChinaAcademy⑫ofTraditionalChineseMedicineinBeijing.In1967，theChinesegovernmentformedateamofscientistswiththeobjective⑬ofdiscoveringanewtreatmentformalaria，andTuYouyouwasamongthefirstresearcherschosen【3】．Inthebeginning，TuYouyouwenttoHainan，wheremalariawasmorecommon【4】，tostudymalariapatients.In1969，shebecamethehead⑭oftheprojectinBeijing，anddecidedtoreviewancientChinesemedicaltextstofindtraditionalbotanical⑮treatmentsforthedisease.Herteamexaminedover2，000oldmedicaltexts，andevaluated⑯280，000plantsfortheirmedicalproperties⑰.Fromtheirresearch，theydiscoveredandtested380distinct⑱ancientChinesemedicaltreatmentsthatshowedpromise⑲inthefightagainstmalaria.【3】这是由and连接的并列句。在第一个分句中，withtheobjectiveof...malaria作状语，表示目的；第二个分句中，chosen是过去分词作后置定语，修饰thefirstresearchers。【4】where在此引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Hainan，where在从句中作地点状语。Onemedicaltextfromthefourthcenturysuggestedusingtheextract⑳fromsweetwormwoodeq\o(○,\s\up7(21))totreatafever.Tu’steamtestedacollectionofeq\o(○,\s\up7(22))driedwormwoodleavesbutfoundnoeffect.Theythentriedboilingeq\o(○,\s\up7(23))freshwormwood，andusingtheliquideq\o(○,\s\up7(24))obtainedeq\o(○,\s\up7(25))fromthistotreatmalaria，butthisdidnotworkeither.Theirprojectgotstuck.However，TuYouyouwouldnotacknowledgeeq\o(○,\s\up7(26))defeateq\o(○,\s\up7(27)).Sheanalysedeq\o(○,\s\up7(28))themedicaltextsagain，andbychanceeq\o(○,\s\up7(29))，shefoundonesentencesuggestingadifferentwaytotreatthewormwood【5】．Sheconcludedeq\o(○,\s\up7(30))thatboilingthesweetwormwoodapparentlyeq\o(○,\s\up7(31))destroyeditsmedicalproperties.【5】此处是v.－ing短语作后置定语，修饰onesentence；totreatthewormwood是不定式短语作后置定语，修饰adifferentway。Usingalowertemperaturetodrawouteq\o(○,\s\up7(32))theextract【6】，shefoundasubstanceeq\o(○,\s\up7(33))thatworked.Afterfailingmorethan190times，theteamfinallysucceededin1971.TuYouyouandherteammemberseveninsistedeq\o(○,\s\up7(34))ontestingthemedicineoneq\o(○,\s\up7(35))themselvestomakesurethatitwassafe.Later，themedicinewastestedonmalariapatients，mostofwhomrecovered【7】．Thismedicine，whichwascalledartemisinin【8】，soonbecameastandardtreatmentformalaria.【6】此处是v.－ing短语作方式状语。【7】此处是由“代词＋介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词malariapatients。【8】which在此引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Thismedicine，which在从句中作主语。此时，which不可以用that替代。AccordingtoTuYouyou，thediscoveryofartemisininwasateamefforteq\o(○,\s\up7(36)).UponhearingthatshehadbeenawardedtheNobelPrize【9】，shesaid，“Thehonourisnotjustmine.Thereisateambehindme，andallthepeopleofmycountry.ThissuccessprovesthegreatvalueoftraditionalChinesemedicineeq\o(○,\s\up7(37)).ItisindeedanhonourforChina’sscientificeq\o(○,\s\up7(38))researchandChinesemedicinetobespreadaroundtheworld【10】．”【9】Upon/On(doing)．..意为“一……就”。【10】“It’sanhonour(forsb)todo...”意为“(某人)做……感到荣幸”，是演讲中常用的句型。课文译文屠呦呦获诺贝尔奖2015年10月6日今年的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予了屠呦呦(共同获奖者)，她通过研究发现了青蒿素，一种新的治疗疟疾的关键药物。青蒿素拯救了数十万人的生命，并改善了数百万人的健康状况。每年全世界超过两亿人感染疟疾，大约有60万人死于这种病。青蒿素已成为治疗疟疾至关重要的成分，被认为仅在非洲每年就能拯救10万人的生命。屠呦呦是一位尽心尽力、有耐心的科学家，1930年12月30日出生于中国宁波，1955年毕业于北京大学医学院。毕业后，她在北京的中国中医科学院工作。1967年，中国政府组建了一支以探索治疗疟疾新方法为目的的科学家队伍，屠呦呦是首批入选的研究人员之一。起初，屠呦呦前往海南研究疟疾病人，在那儿疟疾更常见。1969年，她成为北京项目的负责人，并决定查阅古代中医文献，寻找这种疾病的传统植物学疗法。她的团队查阅了2000多份古医药文献，评估了28万株植物的药性。他们在研究中发现并测试了380种不同的古代中医疗法，为对抗疟疾带来了希望。一本四世纪的医药文献推荐使用青蒿提取物来治疗发烧。屠呦呦的团队试验了一批干青蒿叶，但没有发现任何效果。之后，他们尝试煮沸新鲜的青蒿，使用从中获得的液体治疗疟疾，但还是不起作用。他们的项目陷入了困境。然而，屠呦呦不甘失败。她再次分析医药文献，偶然发现一句话表明了一种处理青蒿的不同方法。她断定煮沸青蒿显然破坏了它的药性。(通过)使用较低的温度进行提取，她发现了一种有效的物质。失败了190多次之后，这个团队终于在1971年成功了。屠呦呦和她的团队成员甚至坚持以身试药，以确保药物的安全性。后来，这种药在疟疾患者身上进行了试验，大多数患者都康复了。这种药很快成为治疗疟疾的标准药物，被称为青蒿素。依屠呦呦所说，青蒿素的发现是团队努力的成果。当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时，她说：“荣誉不只属于我。我身后有一个团队，还有祖国的所有人民。这一成功证明了中药的巨大价值。中国的科学研究和中药能够在全世界传播，确实是一种荣誉。”课文语法填空——复习本单元ReadingandThinking部分TuYouyouisawardedtheNobelPrizeforMedicinebecauseofherdiscoveryofartemisinin,1.isacrucialnewtreatmentformalaria.After2.(graduate)fromuniversity，TuYouyouworkedattheChinaAcademyofTraditionalChineseMedicine,3.shewascommittedtotheobjectiveofdiscoveringhowtotreatmalaria.Herteam4.(evaluate)280,000plantsandtested380distinctancientChinesemedicaltreatments,5.showedpromiseinthefightagainstmalaria.Inthebeginning，notonlydidherteamtestdriedwormwoodleavesbuttheyalsotried6.(boil)freshwormwood.Butneitherworked.Not7.(acknowledge)defeat，sheandherteaminsistedonanalyzingmedicaltextsagainandfinallydrewa8.(conclude)that9.(use)alowertemperaturecouldmakeartemisininextracted.Asfarassheisconcerned，itisagreathonourforChinesemedicineto10.(spread)aroundtheworld.【答案】1.which2.graduating/graduation3.where4.evaluated5.which6.boiling7.acknowledging8.conclusion9.using10.bespread知识点01Artemisininhasbecomeavitalpartofthetreatmentformalaria，andisthoughttosave100，000livesayearinAfricaalone.青蒿素已经成为治疗疟疾的重要组成部分，而且人们认为每年仅在非洲就可以挽救十万条生命。vitaladj.必不可少的；至关重要的；充满生机的bevitalto/for...对……是至关重要的Itisvitaltodo...做……很重要。(1)Iftheinjuriesaresecondorthirddegreeburns，itgetthevictimtothedoctororhospitalatonce.如果属于二度或三度烧伤，立即把患者送去看医生或送往医院是至关重要的。(2)Considerationforotherpeopleallofus.对我们所有人而言体谅他人是极其重要的。(3)Itisvital(protect)wildanimalsinmodernsociety.在当今社会，保护野生动物很重要。(4)Itisvitalthathe(attend)themeetingorganizedbytheacademy.他参加研究院组织的这次会议很重要。【答案】1.isvitalto2.isvitalto/fo3.toprotect4.(should)attend5知识点2TuYouyou，acommittedandpatientscientist，wasborninNingbo，China，on30December1930，andgraduatedfromPekingUniversityMedicalSchoolin1955.屠呦呦，一位坚定而耐心的科学家，1930年12月30日生于中国宁波，1955年毕业于北京大学医学院。committedadj.尽心尽力的；坚信的；坚定的，效忠的※becommittedto对……忠诚；致力于……commitvt.做出(错事或非法的事)；犯(罪或错等)；承诺；保证vi.忠于；全心全意投入commitacrime犯罪commitoneselfto＝devoteoneselfto专心致志于，献身于※commitmentn．承诺；保证(1)Mostcrimesarebyyoungmeninthatarea.在那个地区多数罪行都是年轻人犯下的。(2)Theoldwomaniscommittedto(take)careofthepoorchildren.这位老人尽心尽力地照顾这个可怜的孩子。(3)Shedoesn’twanttomakeabigemotional(commit)toSteveatthemoment.她不想在此刻对史蒂夫在感情上做出重大的承诺。[高级表达](4)Asshewascommittedtotheproject，sheseldomplayedwithherchildren.→，sheseldomplayedwithherchildren.(用形容词短语作状语改写)【答案】1.committed2.mitment4.Committedtotheproject知识点3In1967，theChinesegovernmentformedateamofscientistswiththeobjectiveofdiscoveringanewtreatmentformalaria，andTuYouyouwasamongthefirstresearcherschosen.1967年，中国政府组建了一支以探索治疗疟疾新方法为目的的科学队伍，屠呦呦是其中首批入选的研究人员。objectiven．目标；目的adj.客观的※objectionn．不赞成；反对；异议haveanobjectionto...反对……※objectvi.不赞成，反对n．目标；物体；客体；宾语objectto(doing)sth.反对(做)某事(1)Anotherwayofsettingrealisticgoalsistoanalyzeyourshortandlongterm，keepinginmindyourbeliefs，valuesandstrengths.另一种设定现实目标的方法是分析你的短期和长期目标，牢记你的信念、价值观和优势。(2)Tohissurprise，therearesomanypeopletheplan.让他吃惊的是，有那么多人反对这个计划。(3)Theoldmanobjectsto(pay)somuchmoneyformilk.这位老人反对花那么多钱买牛奶。[一句多译](4)就我而言，我是反对在办公室里吸烟的。①AsfarasI’mconcerned，Ismokingintheoffice.(objection)②Inmyopinion，Ismokingintheoffice.(object)③Inmyview，Ismokingintheoffice.(against)【答案】1.objectives2.objectingto3.paying4.haveanobjectionto，objectto，amagainst知识点4Fromtheirresearch，theydiscoveredandtested380distinctancientChinesemedicaltreatmentsthatshowedpromiseinthefightagainstmalaria.在他们的研究中，他们发现并测试了380种不同的中国古代医疗方法，这些方法在抗击疟疾方面显示出了希望。distinctadj.清晰的；清楚的；有区别的※bedistinctfrom...与……不同※distinctionn．差别；区分；卓著；不同凡响makeadistinctionbetween对……加以区分withoutdistinction无差别地；一视同仁地(1)Thewateryoudrinkatbirthleavesasignatureinyourteeth.人在出生时所喝的水会在牙齿里留下很明显的印记。(2)Thenewlawmakesno(distinct)betweenadultsandchildren.这项新法规对成人和孩子同样适用。[一句多译](3)那两个想法截然不同。①Thosetwoideaseachother.(different)②Thosetwoideaseachother.(distinct)【答案】1.distinct2.distinction3.arequitedifferentfrom，arequitedistinctfrom知识点5However，TuYouyouwouldnotacknowledgedefeat.然而，屠呦呦没有承认失败。acknowledgevt.承认；确认；感谢；告知收到(信件等)acknowledgedoingsth.承认做了某事acknowledgethat...承认……acknowledgesth./sb.tobe/as...承认某事/某人是……Itisuniversally/generallyacknowledgedthat...……是大家公认的(1)Wegratefullythecontributionsofeveryonewhohelpedus.我们衷心感谢每一位帮助过我们的人所付出的努力。(2)Shethebesttennisplayerintheworld.她被公认为是世界上最好的网球手。(3)thefilmDearestwasasuccess.人们公认，电影《亲爱的》非常成功。[句型转换](4)Heneveracknowledgesthathehasmadeamistake.(改为简单句)→Heneveracknowledges.【答案】1.acknowledge2.isacknowledgedtobe/as3.Itisacknowledgedthat4.makingamistakedefeatvt.打败，战胜；使受挫；使困惑n．失败※defeatsb.击败某人※sufferaseriousdefeat遭受严重的挫败(5)Itwasthelastquestiononthepaperthatmethatday.那天考卷上最后一道题把我难住了。(6)Thegirlwasletdownbutshewouldnotacknowledgeit.这次失败让这个女孩很是沮丧但她没有承认失败。(7)Theplayer(defeat)inthegame，buthedidn’tloseheart.这个运动员在比赛中被打败了，但是他没有气馁。[易混辨析]defeat，beat，win※defeat和beat后都接sb.作宾语。在游戏和比赛中常用beat，侧重于比赛中击败对手；defeat既可以指比赛，又可以指战场上战胜对手。※win后接比赛、辩论、战斗、奖品等名词，表示“荣获，赢得”。[选词填空]defeat，beat，win(8)Wetheirteambytenpoints.(9)TheyounggirlfromChinatheraceatlast.(10)Inthatbattle，oursoldierstheenemy.【答案】5.defeated6bythisdefeat7.wasdefeated8.beat/defeated9.won10.defeated知识点6Sheconcludedthatboilingthesweetwormwoodapparentlydestroyeditsmedicalproperties.她得出结论说，煮青蒿显然破坏了它的药用价值。apparentlyadv.显而易见地；看来；显然apparentadj.显而易见的；显然的；表面上的be/becomeapparentto对……来说很明显Itisapparenttosb.that...对某人来说……是明显的。(1)Ithoughthehadfoundanewjob，buthehasn’t.我原以为他找到了新工作，但显然还没有。(2)Thesolutiontotheproblemtoall.问题的解决方法是显而易见的。(3)heknewnothingabouthowtorepaircars.很明显，他对修车一窍不通。【答案】1.apparently2.was/becameapparent3.Itwasapparentthat知识点7Afterfailingmorethan190times，theteamfinallysucceededin1971.在失败了190多次以后，这个团队终于在1971年成功了。morethan超过，多于※morethan可放在数词前，意为“超过，多于”；放在名词前，表示“不只是，不仅”；放在形容词或副词前，意为“非常，很”。※more...than...比……更……，与其说……倒不如说……(1)Withinsixmonths，25,000peoplewereusingiteveryday.在六个月之内，两万五千多人每天都在使用它。(2)Hetome.Heisalsomyteacher.他不仅是我的朋友，他还是我的老师。(3)HesaidthathewastohelpyouwithyourEnglish.他说他很乐意帮你学习英语。(4)Heisluckyclever.与其说他聪明，不如说他幸运。【答案】1.morethan2.ismorethanafriend3.morethanhappy4.more，than知识点8TuYouyouandherteammemberseveninsistedontestingthemedicineonthemselvestomakesurethatitwassafe.屠呦呦和她的团队成员甚至坚持在自己身上测试药物，以确保它是安全的。insiston/upon(doing)sth.坚决要求(做)某事在“insistthat...”结构中，当insist作“坚持主张，坚决要求”讲时，其后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略；当insist作“坚持说，坚持认为”讲时，其后的宾语从句用陈述语气。(1)Iwantedtowalktothestation，buthemethere.我想步行去车站，但是他坚持要开车送我去。(2)Althoughshedidn’tknowthebestwayofgettingtoplaces，shesheorganizethetripproperly.虽然她对去某些地方的最佳路线并不清楚，她却坚持要自己把这次旅游安排得尽善尽美。(3)Theyoungmaninsistedthathe(steal)thatbike.这个年轻人坚持说他没有偷那辆自行车。【答案】1.insistedondriving2.insistedthat3.hadn’tstolen知识点9Inthebeginning，TuYouyouwenttoHainan，wheremalariawasmorecommon，tostudymalariapatients.起初，屠呦呦去了疟疾比较普遍的海南，研究疟疾患者。这是一个复合句。where在句中引导定语从句，修饰先行词Hainan。※当先行词为system，case，point，position，situation，stage，condition，industry，activity，job，race，scene，circumstance等且关系词在从句中作地点状语时，常用where引导定语从句，表示抽象地点。※当先行词stage，occasion等表示时间且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，用when引导。(1)SometimesIbringhomefoodfromtherestaurantIwork.有时我从我工作的餐馆带食物回家。(2)It’shelpfultoputchildreninasituationtheymanageeverythingallbythemselves.把孩子放在一个自己能完全处理所有事情的环境中是有好处的。(3)Studentsshouldtakepartinsomeactivitiestheycangainexperience.学生们应该参加一些他们能获得经验的活动。(4)Thestageheispreparingforhisstudyisreallyimportant.他为学习做准备的那段时间确实非常重要。【答案】1.whereIwork.2.where3.where4.when知识点10In1967，theChinesegovernmentformedateamofscientistswiththeobjectiveofdiscoveringanewtreatmentformalaria，andTuYouyouwasamongthefirstresearcherschosen.1967年，中国政府组建了一支以探索治疗疟疾新方法为目的的科学队伍，屠呦呦是其中首批入选的研究人员。※chosen为过去分词作定语，相当于定语从句whichischosen。※有时为了强调还可将单一的分词置于被修饰名词之后。(1)Theyaretalkingaboutthefilmin2018.他们正在谈论这部2018年上映的电影。(2)Theparkhasattractedagreatmanyvisitors.这个2017年建造的公园已经吸引了很多游客。(3)Heistalkingwithaman(call)MrWang.他正和一位叫王先生的男士讲话。[一句多译](4)穿白色衣服的那个学生是我女儿。①Thestudentismydaughter.②Thestudentismydaughter.【答案】1.puton2.builtin20173.called4.dressedinwhite，whoisdressedinwhite分层提分分层提分题组A基础过关练Ⅰ.单词拼写1．ItoccurredtomethatIcouldaskmycousintohelpme(获得)avisa.2．She(承认)havingbeencheatedinthemarket.3．Itisdifficultto(评估)thedamagetothisvillage.4．Hesitsdownand(分析)whyshefeelssoupset.5．Hepaused，(显然地)lostinthoughtstaringatthebook.6．ShethatIgotothelibrarywithher.7．Althoughhiswifeisyoung，shehasmadewonderfuldiscoveries.8．Readingisofimportanceinlanguagelearning.【答案】1.obtain2.acknowledged3.evaluate4.analyses5.apparently6.insists7.scientific8.vitalⅡ.选词填空eq\x(diefrom，becommittedto，careabout，insiston，millionsof，bychance)9．HenobodybuthimselfinthetriptoQingdao.10．Agroupofthievesrobbedthebankofdollars.11．ManypeoplecholerainEuropeinthelastcentury.12．Onemaymakeamistakebutonecan’tmakemistakesallhislife.13．Ithinkitisunwisethatthecompanythehighprice.14．Shethecareofthepatients.【答案】9.careslionsof11.diedfrom12.bychance13.insistson14.iscommittedtoⅢ.单句语法填空15．Thediscoveryofnewevidenceledtothethief(catch)．16．Hewas(apparent)muchsurprisedatthenews.17．Ourleaderinsistedthatwe(carry)itout.18．Someofthepeople(invite)tothepartycouldn’tcome.19．Helearnedthe(distinct)betweengoldandlead.20．Thismaterialisveryrareandisalsohard(obtain)．21．Theoldmanismoreourteacher；he’salsoourfriend.22．(science)researchshowsthatwomentendtosurvivetheirhusbandsby5－10years.【答案】15.beingcaught16.apparently17.(should)carry18.invited19.distinctions20.toobtain21.than22.ScientificⅣ.单句写作23．此外，焦虑和担心会导致疾病。(leadto).24．在公园散步时，她偶然遇到了汤姆。(bychance).25．那些货物正被送到地震发生过的地方。(where引导定语从句).26．他住在一个窗户面朝北的房间里。(whose引导定语从句).27．在会议上讨论过的那个问题很重要。(过去分词作定语).【答案】23.Inaddition，anxietyandworrycanleadtosickness24.When(shewas)walkinginthepark，shemetTombychance25.Thegoodsarebeingsenttotheplacewhereanearthquakehappened.26.Helivesinaroomwhosewindowfacesnorth27.Thequestiondiscussedatthemeetingwasveryimportant题组B能力提升练Oneafternoon，afterfinishingshoppinginasupermarket，myfamilyandIwenttothecheck-out.Isuddenlythoughtwedidn’tneedanyofthejunk，andweabandonedallofthose，saving$300.Thatgotmethinkingaboutallourpointlessexpensesinlife.Withapromisethatwe’dstopifitwaskillingus，Iconvincedthefamilytotaketheleapintofrugality.Theruleswerethatwewouldbuynothingfor30daysexceptabsolutelyessentials.Ouradventurebeganwithagreatstart.By9a．m.，mywife，Ruth，hadalreadymadecakesfromoldstrawberriesandpickedflowersIdidn’tevenknowwehadinthegarden.Iclearedthecarbyhandforthefirsttimeforyears.Ireadandreturnedtheneighbor’snewspaperbeforehewokeup.Totalspendingonthefirstday：$0.Asdaysturnedintoweeks，webecamesoproficient(熟练的)atlivingfrugally.Westartedridingourbikestosavegas.Mychild’sfingerpaintingwasrecycledasgiftwrapforthehome-madepresents.WestartedtouseanInternetapplicationlikeSkypeforfreephonecallsandaskneighborswithgardensforextravegetablesandherbs.Intheend，wesavedmorethan$2,000bynotspendingforamonth.Whenwebegan，Iimaginedwewouldrushoutthemomentweweredoneandbuyalotofthingsinthesupermarket.Thenmaybehitthemallorgotothemovies.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者一家发现一些无意义的花销后，尝试一个月除了绝对的必需品外不买东西，然后省下了两千多美元的故事。1．Whatcanweinferfromthepassagebeforethatveryafternoon?A．Thefamilyhadoftenspentmoneyrandomly.B．Thefamilyhadhadhigherincomeandlivingstandard.C．Thefamilyhadadoptedanadvisablehabitofsavingmoney.D．Thefamilyhadn’texpectedtheywouldhavefinancialproblems.A【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段的内容可推知，在那天下午之前，这个家庭经常乱花钱。故选A。2．Howmanythingswerementionedaboutwhatthefamilydidtosaveonthefirstdayofthe“30days”？A．Two. B．Three.C．Four. D．Five.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第二、三、四句可知，早上9点，作者的妻子露丝已经用草莓做了蛋糕，还摘了一些花，作者甚至都不知道花园里有。多年来作者第一次手动清理汽车。在邻居醒来之前，作者看完并把报纸还给了他。由此可知，第一天提到了家庭为节省开支所做的三件事情。故选B。3．Theendofthestorysuggeststhatthefamily.A．stoppedhalfwaybecauseofunexpectedthingsB．couldbarelyputupwiththelifeoffrugalityC．wouldreturntonormalafterthe“30days”D．succeededinsavingandchangedtheirspendinghabitD【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句可知，作者他们节省了不少钱，根据最后一段最后两句“当我们开始的时候，我想象着当我们完成任务的时候，我们会冲出去，在超市里买很多东西，然后可能去购物中心或者去看电影”可知，作者只是一开始的时候这样想象的，由此可推知，故事的结尾表明，这个家庭成功地节省了开支并改变了他们的消费习惯。故选D。4．Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?A．Anewideacominguptosavegas.B．Afamily’smanagingtheirdailylife.C．Afamily’sattemptnottobuyanything.D．Afamily’swayofsolvinglifeproblems.C【解析】主旨大意题。根据全文内容，尤其是第二段第二、三句可知，文章主要讲述了作者一家发现一些无意义的花销后，尝试一个月除了绝对的必需品外不买东西，然后省下两千多美元的故事。故选C。题组C培优拔尖练CClassifyingthingsiscriticalforourdailylives.Forexample，wehavetodetectspammails(垃圾邮件)，falsepoliticalnews.WhenweuseAI，suchtasksarebasedon“classificationtechnology”inmachinelearning—havingthecomputerlearn，usingtheboundaryseparatingpositiveandnegativedata.Forexample，“positive”datawouldbephotosincludingahappyface，and“negative”dataphotosthatincludeasadface.Onceaclassificationboundaryislearned，thecomputercandeterminewhetheracertaindataispositiveornegative.However，thedifficultywiththistechnologyisthatitrequiresbothpositiveandnegativedataforthelearningprocess，andnegativedataarenotavailableinmanycases.Forinstance，whenaretailer(零售商)istryingtopredictwhowillmakeapurchase，theycaneasilyfinddataoncustomerswhohavepurchasedfromthem(positivedata)，butitisbasicallyimpossibletoobtaindataoncustomerswhohaveneverpurchasedfromthem(negativedata)，sincetheydonothaveaccesstotheircompetitors’data.AccordingtoleadauthorTakashiIshidafromRIKENAIP，“Previous