新概念英语第三册Lesson15笔记

Lesson15五十便士的麻烦Childrenalwaysappreciatesmallgiftsofmoney.孩子们总是喜欢得到一些零花钱。Mumordad,ofcourse,providearegularsupplyofpocketmoney,butunclesandauntsarealwaysasourceofextraincome.爸爸妈妈当然经常给孩子零花钱，但是，叔舅婶姨也是孩子们额外收入来源。Withsomechildren,smallsumsgoalongway.对于有些孩子来说，少量的钱可以花很长一段时间。Iffiftypencepiecesarenotexchangedforsweets,theyrattleformonthsinsidemoneyboxes.如果50便士不拿来换糖吃，则可以放在储蓄罐里叮当响上好几月。Onlyverythriftychildrenmanagetofillupamoneybox.但是能把储蓄罐装满的只有屈指可数的几个特别节俭的孩子。Formostofthem,fiftypenceisasmallpricetopayforanicebigbarofchocolate.对大部分孩子来说，用50便士来买一大块好的巧克力，是算不了什么的。Mynephew,George,hasamoneyboxbutitisalwaysempty.我的外甥乔治有一个储蓄罐，但总是空空的。VeryfewofthefiftypencepiecesandpoundcoinsIhavegivenhimhavefoundtheirwaythere.我给了不少50便士的硬币，但没有几个存到储蓄罐里。Igavehimfiftypenceyesterdayandadvisedhimtosaveit.昨天，我给了他50便士让存起来，Insteadheboughthimselffiftypenceworthoftrouble.却拿这钱给自己买了50便士的麻烦。Onhiswaytothesweetshop,hedroppedhisfiftypenceanditbouncedalongthepavementandthendisappeareddownadrain.在他去糖果店的路上，50便士掉在地上，在人行道上跳了几下，掉进了阴沟里。Georgetookoffhisjacket,rolleduphissleevesandpushedhisrightarmthroughthedraincover.乔治脱掉外套，卷起袖子，将右胳膊伸进了阴沟盖。Hecouldnotfindhisfiftypencepieceanywhere,andwhatismore,hecouldnotgethisarmout.但他摸了半天也没找到那50便士硬币，他的胳膊反倒退不出来了。Acrowdofpeoplegatheredroundhimandaladyrubbedhisarmwithsoapandbutter,butGeorgewasfirmlystuck.这时在他周围上了许多人，一位女士在乔治胳膊上抹了肥皂，黄油，但乔治的胳膊仍然卡得紧紧的。ThefirebrigadewascalledandtwofirefightersfreedGeorgeusingaspecialtypeofgrease.有人打电话叫来消防队，两位消防队员使用了一种特殊的润滑剂才使乔治得以解脱。Georgewasnottooupsetbyhisexperience不过，此事并没使乔治过于伤心，becausetheladywhoownsthesweetshopheardabouthistroublesandrewardedhimwithalargeboxofchocolates.因为糖果店老板娘听说了他遇到的麻烦后，赏给他一大盒巧克力。笔记Newwordsandexpression生词和短语Appreciatev.欣赏，感激--Thepoemistoodifficultformetoappreciate.--Iappreciateyourhelp.=bethankful/gratefultosb.--thankful=grateful（adj.感激的,感谢的）pocketmoney零用钱--beermoney留给丈夫的零花钱--madmoney女子留作应急之用的私房钱--greenmoney美金（美圆是绿色的）--soft/foldingmoney纸币,钞票（foldingadj.可折叠的）--hardmoney硬币（hardadj.硬的,坚固的）thriftyadj.节约的economicaladj.节约的,经济的frugaladj.节俭的,朴素的nephewn.侄子，外甥bouncev.弹起，跳起--Thecoinwasbounced.同义词：jump(v.跳跃),leap(v.跃),hop(单足跳),spring(v.弹跳n.弹簧),skip(v.跳跃,略过)pavementn.人行道stick(stuck,stuck)v.卡住，夹住，不能再动--Hisarmwasstuck.他的胳膊被卡住了。Stickv.坚持,粘贴--Youmuststicktoyouridea.你必需要坚持你的看法。--Stickthestampontheenvelop.stickwith…忠实于...（=befaithfulto对...忠实）--faithfuladj.守信的,忠实的Brigaden.旅,（消防）队firebrigade（消防队）=firedepartment=firestationgreasen.润滑油unclen.伯父,叔父,姨丈auntn.姑妈,伯母,舅妈,阿姨extraadj.额外的pricen.代价,价格,价钱drainn.排水沟rollvt,vi卷；滚动,转动,打滚sleeven.袖子,衣袖rubv.擦,摩擦freevt.使自由,释放upsetadj.心烦意乱的,不适的,不舒服的vt,vi打翻,弄翻,推翻；使烦乱rewardvt.酬谢,酬劳,报答n.报酬,奖金Text课文DidGeorgegetanythingforhisfiftypence?What?Childrenalwaysappreciatesmallgiftsofmoney.=Childrenalwaysappreciatepocketmoneyassmallgifts.孩子们总是喜欢得到些零花钱--Husbandsalwaysappreciatesmallgiftsofbeermoney.Mumordad,ofcourse,providearegularsupplyofpocketmoney,butunclesandauntsarealwaysasourceofextravidearegularsupplyof...定期地提供…providesthforsb/providesbwithsth为某人提供某物--Thevillagersprovidedaregularsupplyoffoodforthesoldiers.=Thevillagersprovidedthesoldierswitharegularsupplyoffoodsmallgiftsofmoney,pocketmoney,extraincome都表示零花钱。作者在两段话里三处用了零花钱,是为了让读者能够抓住主题。写作时要避免使用相同的词汇。Withsomechildren,smallsumsgoalongway.此句暗含：withotherchildren,smallsumscan’tgoalongway.goalongway维持很久--Themoneywehavewillgoalongway.goalongwaytowards对...大有帮助--Thiswillgoalongwaytowardsovercomingthedifficulty.（overcomevt.战胜,克服）介词with和for的区别：For(介词)：关于,对于...来说,考虑到...的事实--TheweatherisquitewarmforNovember.--Forhim,thiswillbeanentirelynewhobby.With(介词)：在某一方面(多用于二者的比较)--Withsomepeople,pleasureismoreimportantthanwork.--Somepeoplemayacceptthatexcuse,butitwon'tworkwithme.Iffiftypencepiecesarenotexchangedforsweets,theyrattleformonthsinsidemoneyboxes.Pence便士（penny,pennies都是pence的复数：）afiftypence一个五十便士的硬币fiftypennies五十一便士的硬币exchangefor换取,以...来交换--Thelittleboyexchangedhispenforcandy.（candyn.糖果,冰糖）rattlevt.(拟声词)叮当作响=tinkle（vi,vt(使)发玎玲声,(使)发出玎当声）roar呼啸（重点突出老虎、狮子等大动物的吼叫声）--Thecarroarbyme./Listen,alionisroaring.shoutat大喊大叫=barkatgruntvi.(猪等)作呼噜声vt.咕哝着说出--Heisgrunting.（adj.咕咙的,哼哼唧唧的）slamv.砰地关上,砰地放下Onlyverythriftychildrenmanagetofillupamoneybox.fillup装满1>up：表示方向upto（表示到达目的地）--Sheranuptohim.她跑到他面前。Towards（表示朝某个方向）--Sherantowardshim.她向他跑去。2>表示沿着,走向更远的地方（侧重强调距离更远了）--Theywalkedupthestreet.他们沿着街道走远了。--Theychildrenrunupthegardenpathtogreettheirfather.3>系动词+up（表示消费、摧毁、彻底、光、用完）--Drinkupyourwhisky./Eatupyourvegetable.--Finishitup.完成它/burnup烧光/useup用光4>表示积存,从少到多,积小成多--Wemustlayupsomeboiledfoodforthewinter.Layup贮存=storeup储藏,holdup,gatherup收集起5>表示从河的下游到上游,河流入口处以上到源头的某一点--TheyaresailinguptheThames.他们正沿着泰晤士河而上。--Thehouseisuptheriver.这个房子在河的上游。6>动词+up（表示包起来、封住、盖住）--buttonup扣上纽扣（--buttonyourcoatup把外衣的纽扣扣上）--wrapup包裹起来（wrapuptheshoeswithnewspaper用报纸把鞋子包起来）--lockup锁起来（lockthehouseup用锁把房子锁起来）--fastenup拴紧,钉牢,锁牢/saveup储蓄,贮存--washup洗涤餐具,洗手洗脸,把…冲上岸/doup重新整修,包好Formostofthem,fiftypenceisasmallpricetopayforanicebigbarofchocolate.fiftypenceissmallpricetopay=fiftypenceisnotmuchtopayasmallprice=notmuchmoney并不是很多--Forhimtwothousanddollarsissmallpricetopayforit.--FormefivehundredYuanisnotasmallpricetopayforabicycle.Mynephew,George,hasamoneyboxbutitisalwaysempty.VeryfewofthefiftypencepiecesandpoundcoinsIhavegivenhimhavefoundtheirwaythere.poundcoinn.1英镑硬币findtheirwaythere=reach抵达,到达,找到自己的去处findone’swayinto/to…--Riversfindtheirwaytothesea.--Howdidsuchafoolishstatementfinditswayintoprint?这样愚蠢的话怎么会被印出来了？--Allmybookshavealreadyfoundtheirwaythere.Igavehimfiftypenceyesterdayandadvisedhimtosaveit.advisesbtodosth说服某人做某事（结果是失败的）persuadesbtodosth说服某人做某事（结果是成功的）Insteadheboughthimselffiftypenceworthoftrouble.instead（adv.代替）相反的是…fiftypenceworthoftrouble五十便士的麻烦Onhiswaytothesweetshop,hedroppedhisfiftypenceanditbouncedalongthepavementandthendisappeareddownadrain.Georgetookoffhisjacket,rolleduphissleevesandpushedisrightarmthroughthedraincover.系列的动词构成平行结构：takeoff,rolledup,pushrollvi.滚动vt.滚动--Thepencilrolled(vi.)underthetable.--Herolled(vt.)theballtowardsthepuppy.（puppyn.(常指未满一岁的)小狗,小动物）rollup卷起,挽起--Wewillneedtorollupthecarpet.Hecouldnotfindhisfiftypencepieceanywhere,andwhatismore,hecouldnogethisarmout.what引导的插入语Whatismoreimportant.更重要的是/Whatisworse.更糟糕的是Whatismore.更有甚者/Whatisrare.更罕见的是--Hewenttothemeeting,andwhatisworse,insistedonspeaking.--Heisaninterestingspeaker,andwhatismoreimportant,heknowshissubjectthoroughly.他是一个有风趣的演说者，更重要的是他对他的话题了如指掌Acrowdofpeoplegatheredroundhimandaladyrubbedhisarmwithsoapandbutter,butGeorgewasfirmlystuck.gatherround…聚在…周围rubbedhisarmwith…用...涂抹在胳膊上firmlyadv.稳固的,坚定的（加强语气）ThefirebrigadewascalledandtwofirefighterfreedGeorgeusingaspecialtypeofgrease.Using…现在分词做状语（强调一种方式）firefightern.救火队员Georgewasnottooupsetbyhisexperiencebecausetheladywhoownsthesweetshopheardabouthistroublesandrewardedhimwithlargeboxofchocolates.Rewardedsbwith…用...来奖赏某人Specialdifficulties难点1.save/2.sail（steamboatn.汽船,轮船）3.buttoned/4.Eat/5.went/6.wrapped7.wind（v.上发条,绕,缠）8.do（shoelacen.鞋带）Multiplechoicequestions多项选择1.C 2.D 3.Ahavesthdone/getsthoutof4.Bplenty仅用于肯定句中,much用于肯定句、否定句、疑问句。5.Badvisesbtodosth advisesbthat...--that引导的宾语从句必须要出现should+动词原形（虚拟语气