新概念英语第三册Lesson60+Too+early+and+too+late笔记

新概念英语第三册Lesson60Tooearlyandtoolate笔记（一）书本Punctualityisanecessaryhabitinallpublicaffairsincivilizedsociety.准时是文明社会中进行一切社交活动时必须养成的习惯。Withoutit,nothingcouldeverbebroughttoaconclusion;everythingwouldbeinstateofchaos.不准时将一事无成，事事都会陷入混乱不堪的境地。Onlyinasparsely-populatedruralcommunityisitpossibletodisregardit.只有在人口稀少的农村，才可以忽视准时的习惯。Inordinaryliving,therecanbesometoleranceofunpunctuality.在日常生活中人们可以容忍一定程度的不准时。Theintellectual,whoisworkingonsomeabstruseproblem,haseverythingcoordinatedandorganizedforthematterinhand.一个专心钻研某个复杂问题的知识分子，为了搞好手头的研究，要把一切都协调一致，组织周密。Heisthereforeforgiveniflateforadinnerparty.因此，他要是赴宴迟到了会得到谅解。Butpeopleareoftenreproachedforunpunctualitywhentheironlyfaultiscuttingthingsfine.但有些人不准时常常因为掐钟点所致，他们常常受到责备，Itishardforenergetic,quick-mindedpeopletowastetime,精力充沛、头脑敏捷的人极不愿意浪费时间，sotheyareoftentemptedtofinishajobbeforesettingouttokeepanappointment.因此他们常想做完一件事后再去赴约。Ifnoaccidentsoccurontheway,likepuncturedtyres,diversionsoftraffic,suddendescentoffog,theywillbeontime.要是路上没有发生如爆胎、改道、突然起雾等意外事故，他们决不会迟到。Theyareoftenmoreindustrious,usefulcitizensthanthosewhoareneverlate.他们与那些从不迟到的人相比，常常是更勤奋有用的公民。Theover-punctualcanbeasmuchatrialtoothersastheunpunctual.早到的人同迟到的人一样令人讨厌。Theguestwhoarriveshalfanhourtoosoonisthegreatestnuisance.客人提前半小时到达是令人讨厌的。Somefriendsofmyfamilyhadthisirritatinghabit.我家有几个朋友就有这有令人恼火的习惯。Theonlythingtodowasaskthemtocomehalfanhourlaterthantheotherguests.唯一的办法就是请他们比别的客人晚来半小时。Thentheyarrivedjustwhenwewantedthem.这样，他们可以恰好在我们要求的时间到达。Ifyouarecatchingatrain,itisalwaysbettertobecomfortablyearlythanevenafractionofaminutetoolate.如果赶火车，早到总比晚到好，哪怕早到一会儿也好。Althoughbeingearlymaymeanwastingalittletime,虽然早到可能意味着浪费一点时间，thiswillbelessthanifyoumissthetrainandhavetowaitanhourormoreforthenextone;但这比误了火车等上一个多小时坐下班车浪费的时间要少，andyouavoidthefrustrationofarrivingattheverymomentwhenthetrainisdrawingoutofthestationandbeingunabletogetonit.而且可以避免那种正好在火车驶出站时赶到车站，因上不去车而感到的沮丧。Anevenhardersituationistobeontheplatformingoodtimeforatrainandstilltoseeitgooffwithoutyou.更难堪的情况是虽然及时赶到站台上，却眼睁睁地看着那趟火车启动，把你抛下。Suchanexperiencebefellacertainyounggirlthefirsttimeshewastravellingalone.一个小姑娘第一次单独出门就碰到了这种情况。Sheenteredthestationtwentyminutesbeforethetrainwasdue,在火车进站20分钟前她就进了车站。sinceherparentshadimpresseduponherthatitwouldbeunforgivabletomissitandcausethefriendswithwhomshewasgoingtostaytomaketwojourneystomeether.因为她的父母再三跟她说，如果误了这趟车，她的东道主朋友就得接她两趟，这是不应该的。Shegaveherluggagetoaporterandshowedhimherticket.她把行李交给搬运工并给他看了车票。Toherhorrorhesaidthatshewastwohourstoosoon.搬运工说她早到了两个小时，她听后大吃一惊。Shefeltinherhandbagforthepieceofpaperonwhichherfatherhadwrittendownallthedetailsofthejourneyandgaveittotheporter.她从钱包里摸出一张纸条，那上面有她父亲对这次旅行详细说明，她把这张纸条交给了搬运工。Heagreedthatatraindidcomeintothestationatthetimeonthepaperandthatitdidstop,搬运工说，正如纸条所说，确有一趟火车在那个时刻到站，butonlytotakeonmail,notpassengers.但它只停站装邮件，不载旅客。Thegirlaskedtoseeatimetable,feelingsurethatherfathercouldnothavemadesuchamistake.姑娘要求看到时刻表，因为她相信父亲不能把这么大的事弄错。Theporterwenttofetchoneandarrivedbackwiththestationmaster,搬运工跑回去取时刻表，同时请来了站长。whoproduceditwithaflourishandpointedoutamicroscopicobesidethetimeofthearrivalofthetrainathisstation;站长拿着时刻表一挥手，指着那趟列车到站时刻旁边一个很小的圆圈标记。thislittleoindicatedthatthetrainonlystoppedformail.这个标记表示列车是为装邮件而停车。Justasthatmomentthetraincameintothestation.正在这时，火车进站了。Thegirl,tearsstreamingdownherface,beggedtobeallowedtoslipintotheguardsvan.女孩泪流满面，央求让她不声不响地到押车员车厢里去算了。Butthestationmasterwasadamant:但站长态度坚决，rulescouldnotbebrokenandshehadtowatchthattraindisappeartowardsherdestinationwhileshewasleftbehind.规章制度不能破坏，姑娘只得眼看那趟火车消逝在她要去的方向而撇下了她。笔记Newwordsandexpression生词和短语punctualityn.准时punctualadj.守时Whateverwedowemustbepunctual.无论我们做什么都应该守时。bepunctualtotheminute非常守时Heisapersonwhoispunctualtotheminute.他是一个非常守时的人ruraladv.农村的urban:城市的rurallife乡村生活urbanlife城市生活disregardv.不顾，无视disregardsthdisregard=ignorepaynoattentiontotakenonoticeofindisregardoftreatsbwithdisregard:怠慢某人intellectualn.知识分子abstruseadj.深奥的abstract:抽象的Iamnotgoodatmathematicsbecausethesubjectisnotonlyabstractbutalsoabstruse.我不擅长数学因为它不仅抽象而且深奥。coordinatev.协调Oureffortsneedtobefurthercoordinatedforhigherefficiency.为了更好的提高效率我们需要更进一步的协调我们各方的努力。efficiency=beefficient效率Ifyouwanttocompleteanidealjobwithyourclassmatesasquicklyaspossible,Ithinkyoumustcoordiateeverthingasmuchasyoucan.如果你想和你的同学们更快的完成一项艰难的工作你们需要协调每一件事情。coordinatework:协调工作arrange:安排Whowillarrangetheparty?谁来安排这次聚会？HowcanIarrangetheparagraph?我该怎么安排这个自然段？organize:组织Itsyourdutytoorganizeourmeeting.组织我们的会议是你的责任。harmonizevt.&vi.协调，使调和，配和音Themusicisharmonized.这音乐已经给配上了和音。Wehavetoharmonizeourwork.我们不得不协调我们的工作。reproachv.责备语气强于blame/scold弱于reprehend关注“新标准英语”,免费同步辅导，免费海量资源Dontreproach/blamehimforsuchalittlething.不要因为这么一件小事而去责备他。blamesbforsthreproachn.beyondreproach:无可指责beyonddoubt：毫无疑问beyondunderstanding:无法理解beyonddescription:无法描述Theproblemisbeyond/aboveme.这个问题难倒了我。puncturev.刺破（轮胎）diversionn.改道，绕道trialn.讨厌的事，人nuisance：讨厌的人，事trial:审讯，审判，尝试，实验Afterhistrial,hesetoutwithhisnewplane.试飞之后，他开着他的新飞机出发了。fractionn.很小一点儿afractionof=abitofflourishn.挥舞（打手势）gesticulatev.打手势microscopicadj.微小的microphone:麦克风microfilm:微型胶片microwaveoven:微波炉adamantadj.坚定的，不动摇的steady：稳定的Heislivingasteadylife.他生活的很稳定。strong-minded/firm/stable贬义同义词：obstinate/stubbornstable:(人)坚定的Ifyouareadamant,nothingisdifficultforyoutostudyEnglish.如果你很坚定，那么学好英语那是一定的。giveup=yield=surrender:放弃，投降unyielding=unsurrendering=adamantHeis(so)adamant(as)tosticktohisstupididea.他是如此地坚定以至于坚持自己这个愚蠢的想法。AllthestudentshereareadamantenoughtostudyEnglishhard.Text课文Punctualityisanecessaryhabitinallpublicaffairsofacivilizedsociety.准时是文明社会各项公共事务中一个必不可少的习惯。incivilizedsociety=inmodernsocietynecessary=essentialManiaisahabitwedevelopforalongtime.癖好是长时间形成的一种习惯。Withoutit,nothingcouldeverbebroughttoaconclusion.没有它，则一事无成。bringsthtoconclusion:作出结论everythingwouldbeinastateofchaos.事事都会处于混乱状态。nothing和everything平行句式，平行结构，同义词的重复，关键词的使用everythingwouldbeinconfusion/astateofchaos/disorderHardworkisournecessitytostudyEnglish.用以下的句式体现hardwork的重要性Withoutit,wecouldnotgetanysuccess./nothingcouldbecompleted.Onlyinasparsely-populatedruralcommunityisitpossibletodisregardit.只有在人口稀少的农村里，才可能不顾及准时。倒装：only引导介词短语，时间/条件状语放在句首，句子要部分倒装。第一个it是一个形式主语，第二个是代词代punctualityInordinarylivingtherecanbesometoleranceofunpunctuality.在平时的生活中，对不准时的行为可以给予一些宽容。inordinaryliving=inourdailylifetolerance=thestatetotoleratesomethingterrible不是某人所特有的而是一种普遍现象用therebe句式haseverythingcoordinatedandorganizedforthematterinhand使一切都协调一致而且组织周密。背诵这个表达方式。Keepsboccupied忙碌Butpeopleareoftenreproachedforunpunctualitywhentheironlyfaultiscuttingthingsfine.但是有些人的过错仅仅是由于时间抠的太紧而迟到，常会受到指责。Cutthingsfine压钟点Mostpeoplehavebeentuckedawayathome.很多人都呆在家里。Itishardforenergetic,quick-mindedpeopletowastetime,sotheyareoftentemptedtofinishajobbeforesettingouttokeepanappointment.精力充沛、头脑灵敏的人是很少浪费时间的，因此他们在出发前常常会设法完成某项工作。Dosthbeforedoing在什么之前把什么结束掉Betemptedtodo:特别想要做某事Beeager/anxious/desperatetodoPrefertodoWouldliketodoWouldrather/soonerdoWouldprefertodoIcan’tresistthetemptationtobuythebeautifuldress.我特别渴望买下这条漂亮的裙子。(书面语)I’mquite/particularlytemptedtobuythebeautifuldress.Ifnoaccidentsoccurontheway,likepuncturedtyres,diversionsoftraffic,suddendescentoffog,theywillbeontime.如果途中没有发生像暴胎、改道或是突然降下大雾一类的意外的话，他们会准时到达的。Descent:降临Darknessdescentverysoon.夜幕降临Ontime=keeppunctualitySomepeoplecanbeforgivenbecauseofwhattheydoeventhoughtheyareunpunctual.一些人因为他们的工作可以被原谅，即便他们迟到。Theover-punctualcanbeasmuchatrialtoothersastheunpunctual.过于早到和迟到一样让人受不了重点句型，背熟the+adj.=n.形容词名词化Theguestwhoarriveshalfanhourtoosoonisthegreatestnuisance.Somefriendsofmyfamilyhadthisirritatinghabit.Nuisance=trialTheonlythingtodowasaskthemtocomehalfanhourlaterthantheotherguests.Thentheyarrivedjustwhenwewantedthem.唯一的措施就是约请他们比别的客人晚半个小时，这样他们正好在我们要求的时间到达。Theonlythingtodoishelpyouinthisway.我只能这样帮你了。WhatIwantyoutodoishelpme.如果当不定式做表语，主句结构当中也出现了不定式，坐表语的不定式to符号应该被略掉，以避免重复。Althoughbeingearlymaymeanwastingalittletime,thiswillbelessthanifyoumissthetrainandhavetowaitanhourormoreforthenextone.尽管早到可能意味着浪费一点时间，但是比起你搭上车而不得不等一小时或更长一些时间来乘下一趟车所浪费的时间要少些。Meandoingsth意味注意less的翻译Andyouavoidthefrustrationofarrivingattheverymomentwhenthetrainisdrawingoutofthestationandbeingunabletogetonit.而且你避免了正好在火车离站时到达而不能上车的挫折。Drawup:停车Draw(pull)outofstation:离战Whenwegetfailuresoverandoveragain,wealwaysgetthefrustrationinsideourheart.Thefrustrationinsideyoucanpreventyoufromdoingwhatyouaredoing.如果我们总是失败,我们的内心就会有一种挫败感.挫败感会妨碍你做任何一件事情.Anevenhardersituationistobeontheplatformingoodtimeforatrainandstilltoseeitgooffwithoutyou.Suchanexperiencebefellacertainyounggirlthefirsttimeshewastravelingalone.一个更难以忍受的情景是刚好及时来到站台，仍然眼巴巴看着火车开走而上不了车。某个年轻姑娘初次单独旅行时曾有过这样的经历。Ingoodtime=ontimeBefall=sthbadhappentoSheenteredthestationtwentyminutesbeforethetrainwasdue,sinceherparentshadimpresseduponherthatitwouldbeunforgivabletomissitandcausethefriendswithwhomshewasgoingtostaytomaketwojourneystomeether.这个姑娘在列车进站前20分钟就进了站。因为她的父母叮嘱她说误了火车并迫使她去聚会的朋友跑两次去接她，这是不可原谅的。Due:按计划而正常进行Themeetingisduetobeginat9o’clocktomorrowmorning.会议明天早上九点如期举行。Thetrainisduetosetoffat3pm.Impressuponsbthat:再三的叮嘱某人，repeatsthoverandoveragainMaketwojourneystomeether接她两次Heagreedthatatraindidcomeintothestationatthetimeonthepaperandthatitdidstop,butonlytotakeonmail,notpassengers.这个搬运工承认按纸上所写的时间是有一列火车进站，而且也会停，但是只是装邮件，不运载旅客。Did在句中表示强调On