被动语态全课件

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ThePassiveVoice初三英语复习语态：表示主语和谓语动词之间的关系。英语有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态。主动语态：表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受者。

语态一：英语的谓语动词有两种语态WespeakEnglish.主语谓语宾语Englishisspokenbyus.主语谓语宾语宾变主,主变宾,前加by主动语态Suchbooksarewrittenforchildren.这些书是为儿童写的。Moretreesmustbeplantedeveryyear.每年都得种更多的树。被动语态的用法（1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁.It’s/wassaid/believed/reported/+that…It’sreportedthataboutthreehundredpeoplewerekilledinthisearthquake.据报道，这次地震中大约有三百人死亡。

（2）强调动作的承受者，这时应用by短语。ThecupwasbrokenbyDavid.（3）作客观说明时，常采用一种被动语态句型.被动语态的基本构成：

Be+PP（过去分词）考点一1.They

make

shoesinthatfactory.主语+及物动词+宾语Shoes

aremade(bythem)inthatfactory.一般现在时被动语态：am/is/are+doneNowEnglish_____bymoreandmorepeopleallovertheworldA.speaksB.IsspokenC.wasspokenExercise主变被解题步骤:1.找宾语----即动作的承受者They

make

shoesinthatfactory.

Shoes2.判断宾语的单复数----即be动词的单复数.arewere3.判断动词的时态----即be动词的时态.4.修改谓语的时态----即原句动词改为过去分词

made5.修改原句的主语----即by+主语/宾语.bytheminthatfactory.1.把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。2.把主动语态的谓语变为被动语态的谓语。3.把主动语态的主语变为被动语态的by短语。（①by短语可以省。②by短语后跟代词的宾格。）bytheteacher.3.Theteacheroftenasks

himquestions.HeisaskedquestionsTheyplayfootballonSunday.Lucydoesthehomeworkintheevening.Theyoftenusecomputersinclass.WemakethesemachinesinBeijing.FootballisplayedbythemonSunday.ThehomeworkisdonebyLucyintheevening.Computersareoftenusedbytheminclass.ThesemachinesaremadebyusinBeijing.2.They

bought

tencomputers

lastterm．

Tencomputers

werebought(bythem)lastterm.一般过去时被动语态：was/were+doneThelostboy_____atthestreetcornerlastnight.A.wasfoundB.isfoundC.waslookedforExercise1.

They

bought

tencomputerslastterm．

bythem

lastterm.lastyear.2.Weplantedmanytrees

lastyear.ManytreeswereplantedTencomputerswereboughtTheybuiltthetallbuildinglastyear.Hecleanedtheclassroomyesterday.Wecleanedourclassroomjustnow.Theyusedthisroomforresting.Thetallbuilding

wasbuilt

bythemlastyear.Theclassroom

wascleaned

byhimyesterday.

Ourclassroom

wascleaned

by

usjustnow.Thisroom

wasusedfor

restingbythem.5.They

willfinish

thework

intendays.Thework

willbefinished(bythem)intendays.一般将来时被动语态：

will+be+doneTheyaregoingtohaveaneveningpartytomorrow.Aneveningpartyisgoingtobehad

tomorrow.begoingto+be+doneThenewairport_____nextyear.A.willbuildB.willbebuiltC.isbuiltExercise1.Theywillfinish

theworkintendays.bythemintendays.Theworkwillbefinished2.Tomwillclean

theroom

tomorrow.TheroomwillbecleanedbyTom

tomorrow.Wewillhaveasportsmeetingnextweek.Childrenwilltakesomephotosintheschooltomorrow.Theheadmasterwillgiveatalkthisafternoon.Asportsmeetingwillbehadbyusnextweek.Somephotoswillbetakenbychildrenintheschooltomorrow.Atalkwillbegivenbytheheadmasterthisafternoon.8.We

havemade

twentykeys．Twentykeys

havebeenmade

byus.现在完成时被动结构：

have/has+been+过去分词Thereddress_____outalready.A.hasbeensoldB.hassoldC.weresoldExercise1.Wehavemadetwentymorekeys．byus.Twentymorekeyshavebeenmade2.Wehavefinishedourcompositions.Ourcompositionshavebeenfinishedbyus.7.Marry

cantakegoodcareof

Tina．Tina

canbetakengoodcareof

byMarry.情态动词变被动：情态动词+be+doneFlowers_____everyday.A.hasbeenwateredB.shouldbewateredC.shouldwaterExercise1.Weshouldfinishourhomeworkontime.byusontime.Ourhomeworkshouldbefinished2.Youshoulddrinkmorewater.Morewater

shouldbedrunkbyyou.1.Hecantakecareofthebaby.2.Lucymaydrawthepictures.3.Youmustturnoffthelights.4.TheyshouldlearnEnglishwell.

Thebabycanbetakencareofbyhim.ThepicturemaybedrawnbyLucy.Thelightsmustbeturnedoffbyyou.Englishshouldbelearnedwellbythem.时态被动语态一般现在时am/is/are+done一般过去时was/were+done一般将来时will/begoingto/shall+done现在完成时have/has+beendone现在进行时am/isare+beingdone过去进行时was/were+beingdone过去完成时hadbeen+done过去将来时would/shouldbegoingto+bedone含有情态动词can/may/must/…+bedoneEg：1.Hegaveme

abook.－Iwasgivenabookbyhim.（以I做主语）－AbookwasgiventomebyTom.（以物book作主语）2.Heteachesus

English.－WearetaughtEnglishbyhim.（以人当主语）－Englishistaughttousbyhim.（以物作主语）被动语态的几种类型1.带双宾语句子的被动语态.（指物的宾语叫直接宾语，指人的宾语叫间接宾语）常见的接双宾语的动词有:to:pass,give,teach,show,bring,handfor:make,buy,draw,sing,get,以“人”当主语时，变法和一般的变法一样；以“物”当主语时，在保留的间接宾语前必须加to或for.考点二宾语加上宾语补足语一起构成复合宾语。变被动语态时，只把宾语变为被动句的主语，宾语补足语位置不变，成为主语补足语。

We

keep

food

freshinthefridge.

主谓宾宾补

－Food

iskeptfreshinthefridge.

Isaw

him

gointotheofficebuilding.

－He

wasseentogointotheofficebuilding.2.带复合宾语的动词变为被动语态许多由不及物动词构成的动词短语相当于及物动词，可以有宾语，也可以有被动语态。注意：动词短语是一个不可分割的整体，在变成被动语态时，不能去掉构成动词短语的介词或副词.They

takegoodcareof

mychild.

Mychildistakengoodcareofbythem.Iturnedoff

theradio.Theradiowasturnedoff(byme).

3.动词短语变为被动语态下列这些短语本身即是被动语态的形式，不需再加－bybecoveredwith…用…覆盖着beinterestedin…对…感兴趣besurprisedat…对…感到惊奇bemadeof（from）用…制造的动词短语的被动语态takecareof－betakencareofcutdown－becutdownlaughat－belaughedatlookafter－belookedafter即feel,hear,listen,have,make,let,look,watch,see,notice，这些词在主动句中，后跟省略to的动词不定式，但变被动句时必须加to.1.Isaw

himplaybasketballlastSunday.HewasseentoplaybasketballlastSunday.2.Weheard

themsingintheclassroom.Theywasheardtosingintheclassroom.4.感官动词和使役动词的被动语态1.

open,lock,write,read,sell,clean,wash,cut,burn,drive等词作及物动词且它们的主语为物时，可用主动语态表示被动意义。Thispenwritesverysmoothly.

主动语态表示被动意义Thissweaterwasheswell2.Feel,sound,look,taste,smell,等系动词用主动形式表示被动意义。Schooluniformslookgoodonus.Dinnersmellsgood.Thecaketastesdelicious.3.Beworthdoing

是主动形式表被动意义。Thisfilmisworthseeing.Thebookisworthreading.4.Want/need/require+doing=want/need/require+tobedoneMybikeneedsrepairing.Mybikeneedstoberepaired.1).不及物动词没有被动语态。Eg:belong,happen,takeplace,last,cometrue,remain,succeed,fall,die,arrive,begin,become,dissapear,comeout等。Itwillhappenin50years.（T）

Itwillbehappenedin50years.(F)不用被动语态的几种情况：不用被动语态的几种情况：2)当主动句的谓语是表示状态的及物动词时，不能用被动语态。Wewillhaveameeting.(T)Ameetingwillbehadbyus.(F)不用被动语态的几种情况：3)当主动句的宾语是不定式或动名词时，不能把它们转化成被动语态的主语。MymotherenjoyswatchingTV.(T)

Heaskedtohaveatry.(T)WatchingTVisenjoyedbymymother.(F)Tohaveatrywasaskedbyhim.(F)【T】Youmustlookafteryourself.【F】Yourselfmustbelookedafter

【T】TheyhelpeachotherstudyEnglish.

【F】EachotherishelpedtostudyEnglish.4）当主动句的宾语是反身代词或相互代词时，不能用被动语态。1.Insomecountries,tea______withmilkandsugar.A.isservingB.isservedC.servesD.served2.Greatchanges_____inmyhometownsince1980.A.havebeentakenplaceB.tookplaceC.havetakenplaceD.weretakenplace3.Thenewtypeofcarisgoingto______inthreeyears.A.turnoutB.beturnedoutC.hasturnedoutD.havebeenturnedout4.Thewomanmurderedherfriendand______to______.A.wassentenced,deathB.sentencing,dieC.sentenced,deathD.sentenced,die被动语态专项练习：选择填空5.－Doyouliketheskirt?－It_______soft.A.isfeelingB.feltC.feelsD.isfelt6.Areyoustillhere?Youwerehereanhourago.Who________for?A.areyouwaitingB.didyouwaitC.wereyouwaitingD.doyouwait7._____toknowProfessorZhang.A.HesaidB.IsaidC.HeissaidD.Itsays8.－Iwanttositatthetablenearthewindow.－Sorry,______already.A.ittookB.ittakesC.itistakingD.ithasbeentaken9.Theletter_______threedaysagoandit_____yesterday.A.hadpost,hadarrivedB.wasposted,arrivedC.posted,arrivedD.hadbeenposted,wasarrived10.Hetoldmethatthefinalexamination_______nextThursday.A.isgivenB.willbegivenC.wouldhavegivenD.wouldbegiven11.Water______intoice.A.willchangedB.mustbechangedC.shouldchangeD.canbechanged12.Plays______twiceamonthinthattheatre.A.putonB.areputonC.wasputonD.oftenputon

13.Thebirds_______flyawaylastSaturday.A.lettoB.islettoC.wasletD.wereletto14.Astrangesound______yesterdaye