初三英语8AUnit1Unit3知识讲解与练习

8AUnitl—Unit3综合练习(B)I.单项选择:(16%)( )1.Todaythereislotsofhomeworktodo,Ican’tplayfootball,soI .A.feelhappyB.feelunhappilyC.feelhappilyD.feelunhappy( )2.IlikeskiingbetterthanswimmingbecauseIthinkswimmingis skiing.A.notasexcitingas B.notasmoreexcitingasC.notasmostexcitingas D.moreexcitingthan( )3.Mybestfriendisn’tgoodatgeography.Iwantto helpthem.A.trymybestB.trymybestto C.trymebesttoD.triedmybestto( )4.MyfatherwillstayinLondon sixweeks.A.for B.about C.after D.in( )5.TheSummerPalaceisoneof A.themostbeautifulparkC.themostbeautifulparks__inBeijing.B.thebeautifulparkD.themorebeautifulpark()6.--Excuseme.__ isthenearestpostoffice?--Itisabouttwentyminutes’walkfromhere.A.HowmuchB.HowoftenC.HowfarD.howlong()7.Whichbookwillyouchoose .A.readingB.readC.readsD.toread()8.Thetrip aboutfivehoursbytrain.A.spentB.tookC.usedD.cost()9.Iusually _homeat5:30afterschool.A.gettoB.reachC.arriveatD.arrive()10.Stephenfelt___ today,sohisfathertookhimtothehospital.A.sickB.happyC.hungryD.sweet()11.Kittyputherphotosonthetableforeveryone .A.tolookB.tolookatC.toseeD.towatch()12.Whereshallwegothisweekend?__ goingtoseethePyramidsinEgypt?A.LetusB.ShallweC.WhataboutD.Whynot()13.HowdidDaniellearnhowtomakeahomepage?Oh,he .A.learnedhimself B.taughthimselfC.learnedbyhimself D.taughtbyhimself( )14.OceanParkisgreatfun, theticketsareexpensive.A.so B.and C.but D.or( )15.YesterdayIreada story,andIwasreallyvery .A.frighten;frightened B.frightened;frighteningC.frightening;frightened D.frightening;frighten( )16.Everyyearnaturaldisasters(自然灾害)killpeople.A.threethousandsB.thousandsofC.thousandofD.threethousandofII.用所给词的正确形式填空(8%)Ihaveatruefriendandhecanalwayskeep (secret).Itisagoodqualitytotryyour (good)tohelpothers.Areyou (will)tosinganEnglishsongforus?EverydayIspendlotsoftimepracticing (speak)French.Inmy (idea)school,weonlyhaveanhourofhomeworkeveryday. (luck),hefailedtopasstheimportantexam.Therearemanyplacesofgreat (interest)inBeijing.Weare (prepare)forthecomingsportsmeeting.根据中文意思填出所缺单词(6%)Wateristhe“lifeblood”ofour (地球).Itisineverylivingthing.Itisintheair.Itrunsthrough (山)andvalleys.Itformslakesandseas.Naturehasagreatwatersystem.Rainwaterfindsitswaytoriversandlakes.Riverwaterrunsintothesea.Atthemouthsoftherivers,freshwaterjoinsthe (咸的)waterofthesea.Hereatthemouthofariverthereismuch (重要的)plantandanimallife.But(污染)destroysthislife.Wehavetocleanourrivers.Manhastoworkwithnature,not (违背)it.完成句子(15%)飞机起飞时的噪音实在是糟透了。我妹妹对打网球感兴趣,但她不擅长网球。上周他们的父亲同意和他们一起去骑马,并且他们过得很愉快。我决定明年为我自己买一个MP3播放器。对他来说在5分钟内画一幅画很容易。8AUnit1-3综合练习(A)C,D,A,A,B II.T,F,T,T,F1-5B,B,D,B,C 6-10A,B,B,D,C11-16A,B,A,B,D,B1.beginning2.preparing3.final4.more5.received6.boring7.best8.tasty1.possible2.computers3.information4.matter5.film6.students1.Millieistheprettiestgirlamongthefour.Thenewshirtmakeshimlookverysmart.HowoftendoesSimongototheVolleyballteam?WhenIsawtheGoldenGateBridge,Icouldn’tbelievemyeyes.Weshouldcheerforourteam.1-5C,A,B,A,D.(A)1-3F,T,T6-10B,A,C,B,B(B)1-3A,B,C(C)1-4C,A,A,C综合练习(B)A,D,B,D,C II.T,F,F,F,T1-5D,A,B,D,C6-10C,D,B,D,A11-16B,C,B,C,C,B1.secrets2.best3.willing4.speaking5.ideal6.Unluckily7.interest8.preparing1.earth2.mountains3.salt4.important5.pollution6.against1.Whentheplanesaretakingoff,thenoiseisreallyterrible.Mysisterisinterestedinplayingtennis,butsheisnotgoodattennis.Lastweekhisfatheragreedtogohorse-ridingwiththem,andtheyhadagreattime.IdecidetobuymyselfanMP3playernextyear.Itiseasyforhimtofinishdrawingapicturewithinfiveminutes.1-5A,C,D,B,A6-10B,B,C,D,A(A)1-3D,C,B(B)1-4A,D,B,C(C)1.1271 2.41yearsold3.MorethanthreeandahalfyearsUnit4610daysoldweigh10010daysoldweigh100gramsforthefirsttimekillitforitsfurhavenowheretolivebeindangerhuntforfoodliveasafamilyloseone’slivesatatimegobirdwatchingnortherncountriesallyearround心里想呼救听见激动的喊叫声搬开砖块找借口看起来像小老鼠开始外出一天长达十四小时砍伐森林独自的，独立的活着可怕的暴风雪群居继续建路不断地占据土地灰白相间的羽毛宽的翅膀短期停留越来越少的空间数鸟预防洪水随意扔垃圾动听地歌唱几起事故撞到一棵树从树上摔下来袭击人疯狂地逃窜倒下来被困住片刻的恐惧一袋巧克力看见明亮的日光重十天大重100克第一次为了皮毛而屠杀它没有居住的地方处于危险中捕食以家庭形式居住失去生命一次观鸟北方国家终年animportantlivingarea重要的居住区域theChineseGovernment中国政府frightenthebirds 吓唬鸟类watchthebirdsclosely仔细地观察鸟类talksoftly 轻声地交谈losethegame 输了比赛killthousandsofpeople杀死数以千计的人washthevillageaway 冲走村庄lookateachotherinfear惊恐地互相看着runinalldirections 四处奔去falldown 掉下来calmdown 冷静下来saytomyselfshoutforhelphearexcitedshoutsmoveawaythebricksmakeexcusesanearthquakeinTaiwan台湾的一次地震beinagreathurrytodosomething.writetonewspapersandmagazinesanaturereserveinnorth-eastChinaoneoftheworld’smostimportantwetlandsprovidefoodandshelterforthemmakemorespaceforfarmsandbuildingsprotecttheseendangeredbirdsstudythedifferentkindsofbirdsthechangesintheirnumbersunderstandtheimportanceofwetlandstellusnottomakeanynoise点词组looklikealittlemousestarttogooutsideupto14hoursadaycutdownforestsonone’sownstayaliveaterriblesnowstormliveinfamilygroupscontinuetobuildroadkeeptakingthelandwhiteandgreyfeathersbroadwingsforashortstaylessandlessspacedoabirdcountpreventflooddroplittercarelesslysingnicelyseveralaccidentscrashintoatreefallfromatreeattackpeoplerunwildlycomedownbetrappedamomentoffearapacketofchocolateseethebrightdaylightwalkthrougharainforest穿过热带雨林bombsbelowtheground像地下的炸弹mopitup/mopupthefloor拖地十分匆忙地做…写信给报纸杂志在中国东北的自然保护区世界上最重要的湿地之一为他们提供食物和栖息地为农场和建筑物腾出空间保护这些濒危鸟类研究不同种类的鸟他们数量方面的变化明白湿地的重要性叫我们不要发出噪音

encouragefarmerstoleavethegiantpandareservesfeelaslightshakingthroughmybodyhearabignoiselikethunderThetemperaturewilldropalittle.Thetemperaturewilldropto-5℃takeactionstoprotectgiantpandasmakegiantpandareservesbiggergoodeyesight,hearingandsmellgrowintoahealthyyounggiantpanda感觉一阵轻微的震动通过全身听到象雷声的巨大噪音温度会稍有下降.encouragefarmerstoleavethegiantpandareserves温度会降到零下五度采取行动保护大熊猫扩大大熊猫保护区好的视力，听力和嗅觉长成一头健康的年轻的大熊猫鼓励农民离开保护区语法精讲Ifirstsawthebabypandawhenshewasonly10daysold.我第一次看到她时，她只有十天大。10daysold的意思是“十天大”。数词+days/months/years+old的意思为“几天/几个月/几岁大”。如：Thebabyisninemonthsold,andsheisabletotalk.Hegraduatedfromtheuniversitywhenhewastwentyfiveyearsold.a10-dayoldgiantpanda数词-day/month/year-old+被修饰的名词Cathyisafourteen-yearoldgirlwholovespainting.Theeighty-year-oldmanisagreatscientist.Atfourmonths,sheweighedabout10kilogramsandstartedtogooutsideherhomeforthefirsttime.四个月大时，她重十公斤，并且第一次开始出门。weighv.称重weightn.重量Thecatweighsabout2kilos.=Theweightofthecatisabout2kilos.starttodosomething.,startdongsomething,begintodosomething.,begindoingsomething的意思均为“开始做…”。如：Shestarted/begantolearnhowtodriveattheageofthirty.Shestarted/beganlearninghowtodriveattheageofthirty.forthefirsttime第一次forthesecond/third/fourth/fifth…timeAttheverybeginning,XiWangdrankhermother’smilkforupto14hoursaday.一开始，希望每天喝母乳长达14个小时。1)attheverybeginning在一开始的时候，atthebeginningof…在…开始的时候，如：Wedon’tknoweachotheratthebeginningofthefirstterm.inthemiddleof在…的中间的时候Inthemiddleoflastmonthwehadapicnic.attheendof在…结束的时候Theygotmarriedattheendoflastyearandmovedoutoftheflat.upto意为“直到”Sheusedtoworkuptotwelvehoursaday.Sadly,itisdifficultforgiantpandastosurviveinthewild.可惜的是,大熊猫很难在野外存活下来。Itis+形容词+forsomebody+todosomethingoit代替不定式作句子的主语。如：Itisnecessaryforusetolearnsomethingabouttheworldaroundus.Itisimpossibleforyoutogetsuccesswithoutworkinghard.能够接forsomebody.的形容词是对不定式中的动作进行评价的，如:hard,difficult,easy,important,unimportant,interesting,boring,necessary,possible,impossible等。Itis+形容词+ofsomebody+todosomething如：Itisgenerousofhimtopayforthemealforus.Itwascarelessofthegirltoleaveherbagonthebus.能够接ofsomebody的形容词是用于描述人的性格特征的，如：good,nicekind,clever,smart,bright,wise,silly,foolish,stupid,selfish,generous,careful,careless,thoughtful,right,wrong,honest,dishonest,typical等。Mothersoftenleavebabypandasfortwowholedaysontheirown.大熊猫经常把自己的孩子单独留下两整天。onone,sown=byoneself=alone，其意思为“独立的；独自的”。如：Theoldmanisverylonelybecausehelivesonhisown.Youshouldworkouttheproblembyyourself.Mancannotlivealoneonanisland.Ifpeoplefindbabypandasalone,theywilloftentakethemaway.如果人们发现熊猫崽单独待着,他们通常会把它们带走。1）“findsomebody/something+形容词”的结构中形容词作宾语补足语。如：Hefoundthesentencewrong. Ifounditinterestingtoreadthecomics.takethemaway把他们带走。代词it/them必须放在两词之间，类似的短语有:takeit/them。£★脱），putit/themon（穿）,thinkit/themover（考虑），lookit/themup（查字典）等等。Ifthegiantpandasareindanger,whatcanwedo?如果大熊猫处于危险中，我们能做些什么？1）indanger的意思为“在危险中”bedangerous的意思为“对别人或物造成危险”。如：Thenumberoftigersisgettingsmallerdotheyareindanger.Tigersaredangerousbecausewhentheyarehungrytheattackpeople.2）类似用法的短语有:introuble,inneed。如：Theirhousecaughtafireandtheywereintrouble./Weshouldhelpthosewhoareinneed.encouragefarmertoleavethegiantpandareserves鼓励农民离开熊猫保护区encouragesomebodytodosomething的意思为“鼓励某人做某事”。如：Myparentsencouragemetobeaninventor.Mybestfriendencouragesmetotakeupthehardjob.IwillseesomebeautifulbirdsifIwalkthrougharainforest.如果我走过雨林的话，我会看见一些美丽的鸟儿。through意为“穿过，通过”，着重从空间穿过；across也为“穿过”，但指从平面的一端至U另一端或十字交叉。如：Thetrainisrunningthroughthetunnel.Whenyouseethebank,walkacrosstheroad.Thepostofficeisrightthere.IfIdon’tbuythemsomeoneelsewillbuythem.如果我不买，其他人也会买的。else可以作形容词或副词,作形容词时主要用于who,whose,what等疑问代词或somebody,anyone,nothing等不定代词之后作定语；作副词时，用于when,where等后坐状语。如：Whoelsewouldliketoclimbthehill?Eddieateallthefoodinthefridgeandtherewasnothingleft.Wecannotdecidewhereelsetovisittoday.Mothergiantpandashaveonlyoneortwobabiesatatime.母熊猫一次生产一到两只熊猫崽。atatime的意思是“一次”。而attimes相当于fromtimetotime,意思为“时常，不时”;atalltimes的意思是“总是”。如：Hegetsangrywithhissonattimes.Heiswillingtohelphisfriendsatalltimes.Heisagoodspeaker,andisabletomakeaspeechfortwohoursatatime.Theirnumberisgettingsmallerandsmallerbecausetheirlivingareasarebecomingfarmlands他们的数量变得越来越少，因为他们的生存空间正渐渐变成农田。比较级连用表示“越来越 ”如：Thefamousathleteisrunningfasterandfaster.Heexercisesalot,sohishealthisgettingbetterandbetter.Iffarmerskeeptakingtheland,giantpandaswillhavenowheretolive.如果农民不停的侵占土地，大熊猫就没有地方居住了。keepdoingsomething的意思是“不停地做某事，一直作某事”。如：TheykeptwatchingTVforthreehours./Ikeptthinkingaboutmyteacherswordslastnight.条件状语从句引导条件状语从句的连词有：if如果,unless除非,aslongas只要,incase如果,ifonly但愿等等。如：Unlesstheweatherwasbad,myfatherusedtohaveawalkinthemorning.Aslongasyouarefree,wewillgoshoppingrightnow.Ifonlyhehadcome,hewouldhavemetyou.You’dbettertakearaincoatincaseitrains.1）条件句表示将来可能发生的情况:If引导的条件句可以表示将来“可能”发生的情况,即逐句事态的发生有赖于从句事态的发生。一般条件状语从句动词用一般现在时，主句动词用will/shall+不定式的一般将来时形式。如：Ifwecatchthe10o’clocktrain,weshallgettherebylunchtime.IfhegoestoFrance,hewillhavetolearnFrench.Ifitisafinedaytomorrow,Iwon’tstayathome.Whatareyougoingtodoifit’saholiday?2）条件句表示重复性的,可预见的情况。If条件句也可以表示重复性的,可预见的情况或习惯动作,此时条件状语从句的动词用一般现在时,逐句动词也用一般现在时。3）表示普遍真理合客观事实。如：Ifthetemperaturedropsto0degreesCentigrade,waterfreezes.Ifyouheatice,itmelts.4)表示现在的习惯动作。如：Ifitrains,Igotoschoolonfoot.IfIgetlowmarksinthetests,myparentsgetangrywithme.注意：条件分句在前时其后要加逗号,而主句在前则不用加逗号。Itisoneoftheworld’smostimportantwetlands.它是世界上最重要的湿地之一。oneof+最高级+名词的复数的意思是“最……之一”。如：Heisoneofthemostcarefulyoungmeninouroffice.ZushouisoneoftheoldestcitiesinChina.Theareaisagreatplaceforwildlifebecauseitprovidesfoodandshelterforthem.这个地区是理想的野生生物栖息地，因为它为野生动物提供了食物和庇护场所。Provide意思为“提供”;providesomethingforsomebody=providesomebodywithsomething,意思是“向某人提供某物”。如：Thetravelagencyprovidestouristswithsomewaterandfood.Thetravelagencyprovideswaterandfoodfortourists.Itistheidealhomefordifferentkindsofplants,fishandbirds.这里是许多植物，鱼类，鸟类生长的理想家园。Ideal的意思是“理想的”，是形容词，而idea的意思是“主意，想法”，是名词。如：Wehavedifferentideasabouttheenvironmentproblem.Weshouldhavelesshomeworkinmyidealschool..ManybirdsliveinZhalongNatureReserveallyearround,andsomegothereforashortstay.许多鸟全年都在扎龙自然保护区生活，而有些则去哪儿作短暂停留。allyearround意思是“终年，全年"。round是副词，意为“周而复始，从头至尾”。stay可作名词，意为“停留"。forashortstay的意思是“短暂停留”。如：Everyyearwegototheseasideforashortstay.Thismeanstherewillbelessandlessspace.这意味着野生动物的生存空间越来越小。Moreandmorebirdsareindangerbecausetheydonothaveenoughspace.越来越多的鸟类由于没有足够的空间而濒临灭绝。lessandless+不可数名词的意思是“越来越少”；fewerandfewer+可数名词的意思是“越来越少”moreandmore+可数或不可数名词的意思是“越来越多”。如：Theriversarepollutedseriously,sothere’slessandlesscleanwater.Tomakefewerandfewermistakesheworkedreallyhard.Moreandmoretechnologyhasbeenusedtoimproveourlife.Thisyear,membersofourBirdwatchingClubarestudyingthedifferentkindsofbirdsinZhalongandthechangesintheirnumbers.今年我们观鸟俱乐部的正在研究扎龙地区的各种鸟类及它们的数量变化。study在这里是“研究”的意思。如：Heistheexpertwhostudiesairpollution.thechangesin表示“在…某方面的变化”；thechangesto…表达“ 的变化”。如：Thechangesinthewaysoflearningsciencehelphimgetgoodresults.Seeingthegreatchangestoourcity,theoldgotquitehappy.Manypeopledonotunderstandtheimportanceofthewetlands.许多人明白湿地的重要性。important是形容词，意为“重要的"，importance是名词，意为“重要性”。如：Iknowitimportanttoprotectthewetlands.Iknowtheimportanceofprotectingthewetlands.Ifyouareinterestedinbirds,youcangotoZhalong.如果你对鸟类感兴趣，你可以去扎龙。beinterestedinsomething/doingsomething的含义是“对（做）某事感兴趣”。如：Hislittlebrotherisinterestedinfootball./Hislittlebrotherisinterestedinplayingfootball.Theysimplycan’twaitforthepartynextweek.他们简直等不及下周的聚会。can'twaitforsomething的意思是“对 急不可待"；can'twaittodosomething的意思是“等不及做 ”。如：Thechildrencan'twaitfortheChristmasParty.Thechildrencan'twaittotakepartintheChristmasParty.一般将来时的构成一般将来时由动词shall（第一人称）,will（第二、第三人称）+动词原形构成。如：ShallIopenthedoor?/Hewillgettothebusstopearly.与一般将来时连用的时间状语有：tomorrow,nextweek（month/year）,inafewdays（months/years）等。如：Itwillraintomorrow.Theexchangestudentswillleaveinafewdays.将来时的其他表示方法：begoingto+动词原形。这一结构表示打算或准备好要做的事，或有迹象表明要发生的天气变化等情况。如：WearegoingtodiscusswheretogonextFriday.Lookattheblackclouds.Itisgoingtorain.2）现在进行时（be+现在分词）。有些动词的现在进行时可以表示将要发生的动作，表示按计划或安排即将发生的事。这类动词有：go,come,leave,start,arrive,return,play,see,meet,write等。如：Sheiscomingtodinnerthisevening.Iamseeinghimthedayaftertomorrow.ArewetakinganexamnextTuesday?IamspendingmyholidayintheNetherlands.3）一般现在时。一般现在时也可以用来表示按计划将要发生的事情，这时的计划比较客观,更具有不可变动性，因此更正式。如：Thepeaktramleavesat8:30a.m.Thefilmbeginsinafewminutes. TheyleaveforNanjingnextSunday.方式副词副词的构成方式：形容词+ly一般形容词在词尾加-ly。如：clear-clearly,great-greatly,slow-slowly2）以辅音字母加-y结尾的形容词，常常把-y改成-i再加-ly构成副词。Happy-happily,easy-easily,heavy-heavily等。3）词尾为-le的形容词，通常去-e力口-y。如：gentle-gently，simple-simply，terrible-terribly等。如：Herunsfast./Heisdrawingverycarefully./Theoldpeoplewerelookedafterwell.Somechildrenscreamedbecausetheywereveryfrightened.一些孩子因为害怕尖叫起来。befrightened的意思是“害怕”。be动词加以-ed结尾的表语形容词连用表示某人的心情。类似的词组有：beexcited（感到激动），beamazed（感到惊讶），besurprised（感到吃惊），bepleased（感到高兴）,beworried（感到担忧）,bebored（感到无聊）。如：Shewassoexcitedthatshecouldn’tsayanything.Themotherisoftenworriedaboutthechild’shealth.Iampleasedtohaveyoutobemyfriend.Thenookisveryboring.IfeltboredwhenIreadit.Peopleraninalldirections.人们四处逃散。Somepeopleranoutoftheshoppingcenter.一些人逃出了购物中心Itriedmybesttorunouttothestreet.我尽力跑了出去,跑到街上。Peopleranwildlyaspiecesofglassandbricksfelldown.当玻璃碎片和砖块不断掉下来时,人们疯狂逃窜。run的动词短语有：runinalldirections/runoutof…/runoutto…/runwildly。连续使用体现了人们的惊慌失措。Icalmeddownansaskedmyself,“DidIreallysurvive?”我冷静下来,问自己：“我真的幸免于难了吗?”calmdown是动词短语，意思“冷静下来”。如：Don,tbenervous.Calmdown.Survive是动词，意为“幸存，存活”。如：Thestormwasterrible.Luckily,theirfamilysurvived.Thelittlegirlsurvivedtheearthquake.AmomentoffearwentthroughmymindbutItoldmyselftocalmdownsinceIwasstillalive.一阵恐惧袭上心头，但我告诉自己冷静下来因为我还活着。alive表语形容词，只能用于系动词之后，充当表语成分，类似的词有：alone，afraid，asleep，awake.如：Theoldpeoplefeellonelyfromtimetotime.Weareallafraidofsnakes.Hefellasleepwhilehewaslisteningtomusic.Don’tmakeexcuse,Simon.别找借口了，西蒙。这里的excuse意思是“借口”。做名词使用。excuse也作动词使用，意思为“劳驾，对不起，原谅”。如：Theteacherdoesn,tbelievethestudents,excuses.IfIdon’tapologizetohim,myfatherwon’texcuseme.Wecoulddonothingbutwalkslowly.我们在暴风雪中只能慢慢走。But在这里作介词，“除了"，常与nothing连用，意为“除了……什么也没有；只有"后面加动词不定时一般省略to。如：Thereisnothingbutapieceofpaperinthebox.Itisraininghard,sowecandonothingbutwait.LasteveningIdidnothingbutwatchsports.动词不定式：1）动词不定式的基本形式是“be+动词原形”，有时可以不带to,其否定形式是“notto+动词原形”。动词不定式形式虽然不能作谓语，但是仍然保留着动词的特征，它可以带所需要的宾语或状语而构成动词不定式短语。2）动词不定式具有名词,形容词和副词的特征,因此它在句中可作主语,表语,宾语,宾语补足语,定语和状语。作主语如：TolearnEnglishwellisn'taneasyjob.Tohaveatalkwithherisagreatpleasure.Itisimportanttohavegoodhabits.Ittakesmehalfanhourtogotoschoolbybike.作表语如：Ourplanistogettothetopofthemountaininanhour.Hisjobistotreatthepatientswitheyeproblems.Thegirl’sambitionistobeagreatdancer.Ourpurposeistoachieveabalancebetweenworkandplay.作宾语有些及物动词常用动词不定式作宾语，如：agree（同意），begin（开始），ask（要求）,choose（选择）,continue（继续）,decide（决定）,forget（忘记）,remember（记得）,learn（学习）,plan（计划）,wish（希望）,volunteer（志愿）,prepare（准备）等等。如：Theydecidedtochangetheirdiet. Hewantstobeacomputerprogrammer.Thebabystartedtotalkattheageofelevenmonths.宾语补足语动词不定式可作复合宾语中的宾语补足语,常跟动词不定式作宾补的动词有：advise（建议），ask（请求），encourage（鼓励），invite（邀请），persuade（劝说），remind（提醒）,teach（教）,tell（告诉）,want（想要）,warn（警告）,wish（希望）等等。如：Myteacheradvisedmetocarryonwithmyhobbies.Itoldthechildrennottofrightenthedog./Theyaskedmetogoshoppingwiththem定语动词不定式可以用作修饰名词或代词的定语,用作定语的不定式须跟在所修饰的名词或代词之后。下列名词之后多直接跟动词不定式作定语：ability,agreement,chance,decision,hope,need,offer,plan,request,wish等等。如：Hisplantogetsuccessinthegamemadehisparentsveryhappy.Ineedapentowritewith./Therearealotofgoodnovelstoread.状语动词不定式可以用作修饰动词或形容词的状语,一般放在其所修饰的动词或形容词之后。如：HewenttoItalytolearnclothesdesigning.Togettotheofficeontime,hetookataxithere.Hewentbackhometofindhisdogmissing.Heiscreativeenoughtobeadirector.Heistooweaktoplayfootballwell.原因状语从句引导原因状语从句的连词有because,as,since,for等。1)because表示人们不知道的直接原因或理由，着重在从句，全句的中心意义在从句中。常用于回答why引出的疑问句，语气最强。从句一般位于住户之后。如：Ididn’tgotoschoolyesterdaybecauseIhadahighfever.Wecouldn’tgooutforawalkthatdaybecauseissnowedheavily.2)since一般表示对方已知的，无需加以说明的理由。即原因显而易见或为既成事实。全句的中心意义在主句中，语气比because弱，但比as强一些。常位于句子开头。如：Sincewehavefinishedallthehomework,motherallowedustogoskatinglastSunday.Sinceweareclosefriends,weoftensharesecrets.3)as表示十分明显的原因，一般说明因果关系，重点在主句。解释为“由于……”“鉴于……”，相当于since，但语气更弱。引导的从句常位于句首。如：Asitisstormy,weshallnotclimbthemountain.Asthehouseisratherdirty,wehavedosomecleaningtoday.典题解析 ofthetwocoloursisOK.Infact,theyareverynice.A.Both B.Either C.All D.Neither解析：答案选B。根据题意判断谈论的是两种颜色，而all表示“三者以上都”，所以可以首先排除。如果使用both句中的谓语动词应该是复数的are而不是单数的is。如果使用neither，表示两种颜色都不好，与后面的句子意思相反。选择either表示两者之中任选其一都可以，原因是它们都不错，这样符合句子意思。故应选B。 isitfromyourhometotheshoppingcenter？A.Howlong B.Howoften C.HowmuchD.Howfar解析：答案选D。howlong用于询问时间长短，如：Howlonghaveyoubeenhere?howoften用于询问事情发生的频率，如:Howoftendoyouplayfootball？howmuch用于询问东西的价格，如:Howmuchdoesthescarfcost？howfar用于询问距离的长短。本句的意思是你家离购物中心有多远？所以使用howfar。故应选D。Nowtheairinthecityis thanitusedtobe.Wemusttakeactionstoimproveitatonce.A.muchbetter B.muchworse C.thebestD.theworst解析：答案选B。看完第一句后可以理解句子中用城市过去的空气质量和现在的进行对比，句中有比较的连词than，因此可以排除掉C和D选项，因为它们都是形容词的最高级形式。选项A和B同为比较级都合适，接下来就要根据后面的句子内容来判断了。我们必须立刻采取行动改善它，表示变化的方向是比过去的情况变得糟糕了。所以使用bad的比较级worse，而不是good的比较级better。这里much是程度副词用于修饰比较级，表示“糟糕的多了"。故应选B。NobodybutMaryandhersister from.A.knowswhereheis B.knowswhereisheC.knowwhereheis D.knowwhereishe解析：答案选A。首先，看到这样的句子要判断主语是什么。单个主语后加with,but,like,except等短语时，谓语动词仍用单数，如：MyfatherwithmymotherhasgonetoNewYork.题目中的主语是nobody这个复合不定代词，因此是单数作主语，谓语动词应该用knows，我们排除C和D选项。Know之后是它的宾语成分，所以是一个宾语从句，宾语从句需要注意的是使用陈述句语序，A，B中只有A符合这一点。故应选A。Thedoctorwarnedhim anymore.A.notsmoke B.nottosmokeC.shouldnotsmokeD.don’tsmoke解析：答案选B。Don'tsmokeanymore.是一个祈使句。当祈使句用于间接引语的句子中时要转换成动词不定式的形式。如肯定的祈使句：Closethedoorbeforeyougoout.改为间接引语时应该这样：MymothertoldmetoclosethedoorwhenIgoout.否定的祈使句则在动词不定式前加not。如：Don'tmakeanynoise.改成Maryaskedmenottomakeanynoise.故应选B。Who youEnglish?MissCai .A.teaches;does B.isteach;isC.doesteach;does D.teach;teaches解析：答案选A。teach是一个行为动词，在一般现在时中不须使用be动词，所以可以排除B选项。Who作为特殊疑问词一般当作第三人称单数理解，所以D选项的动词形式不正确。特殊疑问句对主语进行提问时不用加助动词，故C也不对。同时还要注意第二个空，do可以作代动词，代替以前提到的动作，missCai第三人称单数作主语所以使用does，代替前面的teaches。故应选A。Thereis kangaroointhezoo.A.aneight-years-old B.aeightyearsoldC.aneight-year-old D.aeight-yearold解析：答案选C。...yearsold这个短语在句中常用于表语，如：Theboyisseventeenyearsold。而“数词-year-old”常在句中用作定语修饰名词，如：athirty-year-olddoctor一名三十岁的医生。Eight又是一个元音发音开头的单词，前面的冠词应该使用an。所以这里C是正确选项。类似的短语还有ahundred-meter-longtrail,atwo-hundred-wordarticle等等。故应选C.Myfatherwrotemealetter harder.A.encouragemestudying B.encouragemetostudyC.toencouragemestudying D.toencouragemetostudy解析：答案选D。Myfatherwrotemealetter.是一句"S+V+IO+DO”结构的句子成份完整，因此鼓励我更加努力学习在句中是目的状语，动词原形不能充当目的状语，所以排除A和B选项。Encourage的用法是encouragesomebodytodosomething所以C选项也是不正确的。故应选D。

Wearesureyouwillfindthefilm .A.interesting B.interested C.interest D.beinterested解析：答案选B。interesting是形容词“令人感到有趣的"，interested也是形容词“感兴趣的"，interest是名词“兴趣”。句中wearesure是主句，wewillfindthefilm...”是从句。从句句子结构是“S+V+DO+OC”缺少宾语补足语，补充说明电影的情况，电影本身不能对其他事物感兴趣，电影是有趣的，所以只能选择B。故应选B。Theheadmaster thestudentstoleavetheschoolearly.A.made B.let C.had D.ordered解析：答案选D。这一题中的A,B,C三个选项中的动词用法相近makesomebodydosomething,havesomebodydosomething,letsomebodydosomething都是使用不带不定式符号to的不定式充当宾与补足语的，只有order是使用todosomething充当宾与补足语的。故应选D。综合练习(A)单项选择(16%)( )1.Heisgetting tohearthe words.A.boring;boringB.bored;boringC.bored;boredD.boring;bored( )2.IthinkMathsis ofallmysubjects.A.muchdifficultone B.difficultoneC.mostdifficultone D.themostdifficultone)3.LiMingspendsalotoftime somesportseveryday.A.ondoingB.do C.todo D.indoing)4.Wewillclimbthehillifit tomorrow.A.doesn'train B.won'trainC.notrains D.isnotgoingtorain)5.Itrained; thefootballmatchwaspostponed(延期).A.because B.or C.therefore D.but( )6.Thereweresomanypeopleintheparkthatwehad totakearest.D.anywhereA.everywhereB.somewhereC.nowhere)7.Don’tmake youshould thetruth.D.anywhereA.anexcuse,speakC.anexcuse,tell)8.Don’tforgetA.anexcuse,speakC.anexcuse,tell)8.Don’tforget whenyougotobed.A.toturnitoffB.toturnoffit)9.Oneofthe fromEngland.studentscomeB.studentsisexcuse,talkD.excuse,sayturningitoffturningoffitstudentisstudentcomes)10Thisboyisn)10Thisboyisn’toldenough

A.toliveinhisown

C.toliveonhisown)11.Idon’tknowhowto B.liveonhisownD.liveinhisowntomyclassmates.A.talkB.sayingC.saidD.sayA.talkB.sayingC.saidD.say( )12.Wealwayshaveagreattime films.A.watchingB.watch C.watchedD.watches( )13.It’soften inwinter.A.wind B.windy C.winds D.winding( )14.Therewas snowontheroad.A.lotof B.alittle C.many D.alotsof( )15.Letmedothehomeworkbymyself, ?A.shallwe B.willyou C.doyou D.shallI( )16.Wemustpreventhuntersfrom wildanimals.A.tokill B.killing C.killed D.kill根据句意用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。(8%)CanIhavesomething (drink)?Howfar John (live)fromhisschool?What he (do)nextSunday?Manysoldiers (lose)theirlivesinthatbattle(战役).Iheardthem (sing)thepopularsonginthenextroom.Thedoctoradvisedhim (eat)lessfood.Anearthquake (take)placeinTaiwanin1999.Itisincorrect (hurt)animalsherebecauseZhalongisanaturereserve.根据短文内容及所给中文意思填出所缺单词。(6%)Knowingwhattodoincaseoffireisimportant.Ifafirebrokeoutinyourhome,whatwouldyoudo?First,youshould (警告)everyoneinthehouseaboutthe (危险).Don’tpanic(恐慌)andstart(尖叫).Becalmandactfast.Second,youandalltheothersshouldgetoutofthehouse.Don’tstoptotakeanythingthatbelongstoyou. (一旦)youareoutofthehouse,stayout.Donotgobackforanyreason. (最后),whenyouareoutofthehouse,callthefiredepartment.Don’ttrytopitoutthefire (你自己).Thatcanbeverydangerous.翻译句子。(15分)咱们俩合用这间卧室好吗?Linda不如我跑得快。你能就如何学习英语给我提些建议吗?我们在一起交谈总是过得很愉快。美国英语和英国英语有所不同。V.完形填空。(10%)Aman,dressedasacountryman,waswalkingalongthestreetsofalargecity.Hewas 1 asmallparce(l包裹).Ithadanameandanaddressonit.Therewas 2 somewritingonit.Itsaidithad1000dollarsinside.Thecountrymanwaslookingthiswayandthat.Hewascertainly 3 forthehousewherehehadtoputtheparcel.Astranger(陌生人)，passingby,askedhimwhathewaslookingfor.Thecountryman 4 hisparcel.Heaskedthestrangertoreadtheaddressonit.“I’ve5it,”hesaid.“AndIdon’tknowhowto___6___.”“Why?”askedthestranger.“That’smynameandaddress.It’smyparcel.It’sfrom7oldfriend,Bob.Hepromised(答应)tosendittomeaweekago.”Thecountrymanlooked 8 tohearthis.“Takeitifit’syours,”hesaid.“Butyoumustgiveme60dollarsformy9.”Thestrangerdidso.Thecountrymanthengotonapassingbus.Thestrangerwenttoaquietcornertolookattheparcel. 10 it,therewasnothingbutsomepiecesofcottoncloth.()1.AsendingB.throwingC.pic