2018年北京高考英语试题及答案

C.TwinC.BreadC.GocampingC.$50第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共C.TwinC.BreadC.GocampingC.$50第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。Whenwillthewomangotoseethemovie?A.Friday. B.SaturdayWherewillthewomansitforthemovie?A.Inthefront. B.Inthemiddle听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。Whenwillthetwospeakersmeet?A.Onthe13th B.Onthe14thWhatisthemandoing?Persuadingthewomantoaccepthissuggestion.Makinganapologytothewoman.Invitingthewomantolunch.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。C.SundayC.AtthebackC.Onthe15thWherearethetwospeakers?A.Inthelibrary.Inthecaf.eIntheclassroom2018年北京高考英语试题第一部分：听力理解（共三节， 30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，听完每段对话后， 你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。例:Whatisthemangoingtorend?Anewspaper B.Amagazine C.Abook答案是AWhatroomdoesthemanwant?Sinple B.DoubleWhatwillthemanbuy?Vegetables B.MeatWhatdoesthemanplantodo?GofishingB.GojoggingHowmuchisthechange?$8 B.$42What'stheweatherlikethisafternoon?Whatdoesthewomanlikeaboutthesummerschool?A.Thesizeoftheclass. B.Themathbook. C.Theteachers.Whereisthemanplanningtodo?A.Boston B.WashingtonD.C. C.NewYork听第9段材料，回答第 13至15题。Wheredoesthespeakergetinformationforthetrip?A.Theinternet.B.Travelagents. C.Guidebooks.Whatpublictransportationdoesthespeakerseldomtake?A.Planes. B.Buses. C.Trains.Whatkindofhotelsdoesthespeakerusuallystayin?Hotelswithlowprices.Hotelsprovidingmeals.Hotelsnearsightseeingplaces.第三节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分）听下面一段对话，完成第16至20五道小题，每小题仅填写一个.词，听对话前，你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有 60秒钟的作答时间。这段对话你将听两遍。CustomerPick-up/DeliveryFormPick-up△Delivery▲Name16SmithAddressApartmentNo.23,No.2Front17TelephoneNo.J8Type&AmountOne19pizzawithmushroomsandextracheesePrice&Payment£12.50,paidin 20第二部分：知识运用（共两节， 45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）从每题所给的ABCD四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。例：It，ssonicetohearfromheragain. ,welastmetmorethanthirtyyearsago.A.What'smoreB.That'stosayC.InotherwordsD.Believeitornot答案是D。Volunteeringgivesyouachanee lives,includingyourown.A.change B.changing C.changed D.tochangeDon'tturnoffthecomputerbefordosingallprograms youcouldhaveproblemsA.or B.and C.but D.soShakespeare'splayHamletintoatleasttendifferentfilmsoverthepastyears.A.hadbeenmade B.wasmadeC.hasbeenmade D.wouldbemade24 thecourseverydifficult,shedecidedtomovetoalowerlevel.A.Find B.Finding C.Tofind D.Found—DoyouthinkMomandDad late?—No,SwissAirisusuallyontime.A.wereB.willbe C.wouldbe D.havebeen

Ihaveanappointment Dr.Smith,butIneedtochangeit.to B.off C.with D.fromManycountriesarenowsettingupnationalparks animalsandplantscanbeprotected.whenB.which C.whose D.whereHurryup!MarkandCarl us.A.expect B.areexpecting C.haveexpected D.willexpectWhenwesawtheroad withsnow,wedecidedtospendtheholidayathome.A.block B.toblock C.blocking D.blockedItookmydrivinglicensewithmeonholiday, Iwantedtohireacar.A.incase B.evenif C.eversince D.ifonly makesthebooksoextraordinaryisthecreativeimaginationofthewriter.A.That B.What C.Who D.Which—Sowhatistheprocedure?—Alltheapplicants beforeafinaldecisionismadebytheauthority.A.interviewC.areinterviewedA.interviewC.areinterviewedarebeinginterviewedExpertsbelieve peoplecanwastelessfoodbyshoppingonlywhenitisnecessary.A.why B.where C.thatIfwe l:- 亠 'D.whatatableearlier,wecouldnA.havebookedB.bookedC.booktbestandinghereinaqueue.D.hadbookedExpertsbelieve peoplecanwastelessfoodbyshoppingonlywhenitisnecessary.A.why B.where C.thatIfwe l:- 亠 'D.whatatableearlier,wecouldnA.havebookedB.bookedC.booktbestandinghereinaqueue.D.hadbooked35.—Youneednttakeanumbrella.Itisntgoingtorain.—Well,IdonA.might第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5阅读下面短文， 掌握其大意，从每题所给的项，并在答题卡上讲该项 涂黑。tknow.Itdo.B.needC.wouldD.should分，A、共30分）B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选ALeap（跳跃）toHonorLeapingonanarrowbalaneebeam（平衡木） isnoteasy.ButLolaWalter,a13-year-oldgymnast,isanexpertatit.Toperfectherskills,Lola36forfourhoursaday,fivedaysaweek.AtthestatechampionshipsinMarch,shefinishedseventhoutof16girls.That'sespeciallyimpressive.37sheislegallyblind,bornwitharareconditionthatcauseshereyestoshiftconstantly.Sheoftenseesdoubleandcan_38'thowfarawaythingsare.Whenshewaslittle,hermom thateventhoughshecouldn 'tsee,shewasfearless.Sohermomsignedherupforgymnasticswhenshewasthree.Shelovedthe 41rightawayandgymnasticsbecameherfavorite.Thoughlearninggymnasticshasbeenmore42forherthanforsomeofhertournaments,shehasneverquit.Shedoesn'tl_43erstopherfromdoinganythingthatshewantsto.Shelikesthedeterminationittakestodothesport.Herbiggest 44_—isthebalaneebeam.Becauseshehasdoublevision,sheoftenseestobeams.Shemustusehersenseoftouchtohelpherduringherroutine.Sometimessheevencloseshereyes. 45“Youyoavetomindthatit'lltakeyouwhereyouwanttogo. ”saysLola.foranyonebecauseitsfourincheswide.Atthestatecompetition,Loladi the'tfallA.runsA.sinceA.runsA.sinceB.teachesC.trainsC.afterD.dancesD.thoughB.uniess38.A.tellB.guessC.assumeD.predict39.A.suspectedBrememberedC.imaginedD.noticed40.A.deeplyB.wellC.aheadD.closely41.A.taskB.sportC.eventD.show42.A.boringB.enjoyableC.differentD.unsatisfactory43.A.talentB.qualityC.natureD.condition44.A.doubtB.advantageC.challengeD.program45.A.examineB.expressC.openD.trust46.A.fearfulB.harmfulC.unfairD.inconvenient47.A.toB.onC.offD.against48.A.greetedB.treatedC.servedD.paid49.A.painsB.stressesC.injuriesD.problems50.A.positiveB.friendlyC.flexibleD.caution51.A.defendingB.quittingC.winningD.bargaining52.A.standardB.rangeC.viewD.goal53.A.untilB.asC.whenD.before54.A.proudB.tiredC.ashamedD.confident55.A.planB.adviceC.rewardD.responsibility第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，20分）'helpedherovercome“justbelieveyourselfbeam.Infact,shegotan8.1outof10——herhighestscoreyet.Loladoesn'twanttobe 48 differentlyfromtheothergirlsonherteam.Atthecompetitions,thejudgesdon 'tknowabout_49visjonShedoesn'tellthem,becauseshedoesn'tthinktheyneeioknow.Hermomisamazedbyher50 attitude.Lolaneverthinksabout .Sheispresentlyatlevel7whilethehighestislevel10ingymnastics.Her52istoreachlevel9.Shesaysshewantstobeagymnasticscoachtopassdownwhatsheslearnedtootherkids 53 shegrewup.Lolais54ofallherhardworkandsuccess.Shesaysitproblemsinherlifeoutsidegymnastics,too.Her55forothersisAEPPortableHeaterWeallknowthatthecostofheatingourhomeswillcontinuetobeasignificantburdenonthefamilybudget.NowmillionsofpeoplearesavingontheirheatingbillswiththeEPPortableHeater.Withoveronemillionsatisfiedcustomersaroundtheworld,thenewEPheatsbetterandfaster,savesmoreonheatingbills,andrunsalmostsilent.TheEPhasnoexposedheatingpartsthatcancauseafire.TheoutsideofEPonlygetswarmtothetouchsothatitwillnotburnchildrenorpets.otherheaters,youTheEPwillnotreduceoxygenintheroom.Withsleepywhentheheatcomesonbecausetheyareburningupoxygen.otherheaters,youTheadvaneedEPalsoheatstheroomevenly,walltowallandfloortoceiling.itcomfortablycoversanareaupto350squarefeet.Otherheatersheatroomsunevenlywithmostoftheheatconcentratedtothecenteroftheroom.Andtheyonlyheatanareaafewfeetaroundtheheater.WiththeEP,thetemperaturewillnotvaryinanypartoftheroom.TheEPcomeswitha3-yearwarranty（保修）anda60-day.noquestionsasked.Satisfactionguarantee.Ifyouarenottotallysatisfied,returnittoourexpertiseandyourmoneywillbegivenbacktoyou.Now,wehaveaspecialofferfor10days,duringwhichyoucanenjoyahalfpricediscountandafreedelivery.ifyouorderthat,wereservetherighttoeitheracceptorrejectorderrequestsatthediscountedprice.Takeactionrightnow!Whatismainlydiscussedinparagraph2?theheatoftheEP B. thesafetyoftheEPtheappearaneeoftheEP D.thematerialoftheEPFromthepassage,wecanlearnthattheEP .doesn'trtuupoxygen B.runswithoutanynoiseC.makespeoplegetsleepy D.isunsuitableforchildrenandpetsTheunderlinedword “evenly”inparagraph4probablymeanscontinuously B. separatelyC.quickly D. equallyThemainpurposeofthepassageisto.persuadepeopletobuytheproductadvisepeopletosaveonheatingbillsreportthenewdevelopmentofportableheaterscomparethediffereneeofdifferentheartbrandsBTAILSpinTwodolphinsracearoundinabigpoolintheOceanPark.ThesmallerdolphinGrace,shownoffafewofhertricks,turningaroundandwavinghellotothecrowd.Themostamazingthingabouther,however,isthatshe 'sevenswimmingatall.Shedoesn 'thaveatail.HerGracelosthertailasababywhenshegotcaughtupinafishtrap.WhenthedolphinarrivedattheOceanParkinDecember2018,shewasfightingforherlife. "Isshegoingtomakeit?Hertrainer,AbbeyStone,fearedtheworst.Gracedidmakeit---buthertaildidn'Sheendeduplosingherflukesandthelowerpartofherpeduncle.ilukcOverthepastsixyears,shehaslearnedtoswimwithouthertail.Dolphinsswimbymovingtheirflukesandpeduncleupanddown.Gracetaughtherselftomoveanotherway---likeafish!Shepushedherselfforwardthroughthewaterbymovingherpedunclesfromsidetoside.ilukcThemovementputharmfulpressureonGrace'backbone.Soacompanyofferedtocreateaman-madetailforher.ThetailhadtobestrongenoughtostayonGraceassheswambutsoftenoughthatitwouldn 'thurtheThefirsttimeGraceworetheartificialtail.Shesoonshookitoffandletitsinkinthebottomofthepool.Now,sheisstilllearningtousethetail.Somedaysshewearsitforanhouratatime,othersnotatall. “Thnecessaryfor'hertofeelcomfortable,”saysStone,“butithelpstokeepthatrangeofmotion（动作）andbuildmuscles.”Now,thedolphinisabouttogetanevenhappierending.Thismonth,GracewillstarinDolphinTale,afilmthatfocusonherrescueandrecovery.Herprogresshasinspiredmorethanjustanewmovie.Manypeopletravelfromnearandfartomeether.SeeingGraceswimwithherman-madetailgivespeoplesomuchcourage.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zWhenGracefirstarrivedattheOceanPark,hertrainerworriedabouther .physicalbuild B.potentialabilityC.chaneeofsurvival D.adaptationtothesurroundings.Aman-madetailiscreatedforGraceto .A.letherrecoverfaster B.makehercomfortableC.adjustherwayofswimming D.helpherperformbettertricksThestoryofGraceinspirespeopleto .A.sticktotheirdreams B.treatanimalsfriendlyC.treasurewhattheyhave D.facedifficultiesbravelyCDoesFameDriveYouCrazy?Althoughbeingfamousmightsoundlikeadreamcometrue,today'sstar,feelinglikezooanimals,facepressuresthatfewofuscanimagine.Theyareatthecenterofmuchoftheworld'sattention.Paparazzi（狗仔队）campoutsidetheirhomes,camerasready.Tabloids（小报）publishthrillingstoriesabouttheirpersonallives.Justimaginenotbeingabletodoanythingwithoutbeingphotographedorinterruptedforasignature.AccordingtopsychologistChristinaVillareal,celebrities—famouspeople—worryconstantlyabouttheirpublicappearanee.Eventually,theystarttolosetrackofwhotheyreallyare,seeingthemselvesthewaytheirfansimaginethem,notasthepeopletheywerebeforeeveryoneknewtheirnames.“Overtime,”Villarealsays, “theyfeelseparatedandalone. ”Thephenomenonoftrackingcelebritieshasbeenaroundforages.Inthe4thcenturyB.C.,paintersfollowedalexandertheGreatintobattle,hopingtopicturehisvictoriesforhisadmirers.WhenCharlesDickensvisitedamericainthe19thcentury,hissold-outreadingsattractedthousandsoffans,leadinghimtocomplainabouthislackofprivacy.Tabloidsofthe1920sand1930sranarticlesaboutfilm-starsinmuchthesamewaythatmoderntabloidsandwebsitesdo.Beingapublicfiguretoday,however,isalotmoredifficultthanitusedtobe.Superstarscannotmoveaboutwithoutworryingaboutphotographerswithmoderncameras.Whentheysaysomethingsillyordosomethingridiculous,thereisalwaystheInternettospreadthenewsinminutesandkeeptheir “siforever.Iffameissotroublesome,whyaren'atlcelebritiesrunningawayfromit?Theansweristherearestillwaystodealwithit.Somestarsstaycalmbysurroundingthemselveswithtrustedfriendsandfamilyorbyescapingtoremoteplacesawayfrombigcities.Theyfocusnotonhowfamoustheyarebutonwhattheylovetodoorwhatevermadethemfamousinthefirstplace.Sometimesafewcelebritiescangetalittlejustice.Still,evenstarswhoenjoyfulljusticeoftencomplainabouthowhardtheirlivesare.Theyaretiredofbeingfamousalready.Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethatstarstoday.areoftenmisunderstoodbythepubliccannoIongerhavetheirprivacyprotectedspendtoomuchontheirpublicappearaneecarelittleabouthowtheyhavecomeintofameWhatisthemainideaofParagraph3?Greatheroesofthepastweregenerallyadmired.Theproblemfacedbycelebritieshasalonghistory.Well-knownactorsareusuallytargetsoftabloids.Worksofpopularwritersoftenhavealotofreaders.Whatmakesitmuchhardertobeacelebritytoday?A.Availabilityofmodernmedia. B.Inadequatesocialrecognition.C.Lackoffavorablechances. D.Hugepopulationoffans.Whatistheauthor 'sattitudetowardmoderncelebrity?A.Sincere. B.Sceptical. C.Disapproving.D.Sympathetic.DMultitaskingPeoplewhomultitaskallthetimemaybetheworstatdoingtwothingsatonce,anewresearchsuggests.Thefindings,basedonperformancesandself-evaluationbyabout275collegestudents,indicatethatmanypeoplemultitasknotoutofadesiretoincreaseproductivity,butbecausetheyareeasilydistracted（分心）andcan'tfocusononeactivity.And “thosepeopleturnouttobetheworstathandlingdifferentthings, SanboisaidtsiavidpsychologistattheUniversityofUtah.Sanbonmatsuandhiscolleaguesgavethestudentsasetoftestsandaskedthemtoreporthowoftentheymultitasked,howgoodtheythoughttheywereatit,andhowsensation-seeking（寻求刺激）orimperative（冲动）theywere.Theythenevaluatedtheparticipants'multitaskingabilitywithatrickymentaltaskthatrequiredthestudentstodosimplemathematicalcalculationswhilerememberingasetofletters.Notsurprisingly,thescientistssaid,mostpeoplethoughttheywerebetterthanaverageatmultitasking,andthosewhothoughttheywerebetteratitweremorelikelytoreportusingacellphonewhiledrivingorviewingmultiplekindsofmediaatonce.Butthosewhofrequentlydealwithmanythingsatthesametimewerefoundtoperformtheworstattheactualmultitaskingtest.Theyalsoweremorelikelytoadmittosensation-seekingandimpulsivebehavior,whichconnectswithhoweasilypeoplegetboredanddistracted.“Peoplemultitasknotbecauseit'sgoingtoleadtogreaterproductivity,butbecausethey 'redistractible,andtheygetsuckedintothingsthatarenotasimportant. ”Sanbonmatsusaid.AdamGazzaley,aresearcherattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco,whowasnotamemberoftheresearchgroup,saidonelimitationofthestudywasthatitcouldn'findoutwhetherpeoplewhostartoutlessfocusedtowardmultitaskingorwhetherpeople 'srecognizingandunderstandingabilitieschangeasaresultofmultitasking.Thefindingsdosuggest,however,whythesensation-seekerwhomultitaskthemostmayenjoyriskydistracteddriving. “Peoplewhoaremultitaskingaregenerallylesssensitivetoriskysituations.”saidPaulAtchley,anotherresearchernotinthegroup. “Thismaypartlyexplainpeoplegoinforthesesituationseventhoughthey'redangerous.”TheresearchledbySanbonmatsuindicatesthatpeoplewhomultitask .seekhighproductivityconstantlypreferhandlingdifferentthingswhengettingboredaremorefocusedwhendoingmanythingsatatimehavethepoorestresultsindoingvariousthingsatthesametimeWhenSanbonmatsuandhiscolleaguesconductedtheirresearch,they .assessedthemultitaskingabilityofthestudentsevaluatedtheacademicachievementsofthestudentsanalyzedtheeffectsoftheparticipants 'trickymentaltasksmeasuredthechangesofthestudents 'understandingabilityAccordingtoSanbonmatsu,peoplemultitaskbecauseoftheir .limitedpowerincalculationinterestsindoingthingsdifferentlyinabilitytoconcentrateononetaskimpulsivedesiretotrynewthingsFromthelastparagraph,wecanlearnthatmultitaskersusually .driveveryskillfullygoinfordifferenttasksfailtoreactquicklytopotentialdangersrefusetoexplainthereasonsfortheirbehavior第二节（共5小题；每小题2分。共10分）UrbanizationUntilrelativelyrecently,thevastmajorityofhumanbeingslivedanddiedwithouteverseeingacity.Thefirstcitywasprobablyfoundednomorethan5,500yearsago71_ .Infact,nearlyeveryonelivedonfarmsorintinyrural（乡村的）villages.Itwasnotuntilthe20thcenturythatGreatBritainbecamethefirsturbansocietyinhistory---asocietyinwhichthemajorityofpeopleliveincitiesanddonotfarmforaliving.Britainwasonlythebeginning. 72.Theprocessofurbanization—themigration（迁移）ofpeoplefromthecountrysidetothecity—wastheresultofmodernization,whichhasrapidlytransformedhowpeopleliveandwheretheylive.In1990,fewerthan40%ofAmericanslivedinurbanareas.Today,over82%ofAmericansliveincities.Onlyabout2%liveonfarms. 73 .Largecitieswereimpossibleuntilagriculturebecameindustrialized.Eveninadvaneedagriculturalsocieties.Ittookaboutninety-fivepeopleonfarmstofeedfivepeopleincities._74 .Untilmoderntimes,thoselivingincitiesweremainlytherulingelite（精英）andtheservants,laborersandprofessionalswhoservedthem.Citiessurvivedbytaxingfarmersandwerelimitedinsizebytheamountofsurplusfoodthattheruralpopulationproducedandbytheabilitytomovethissurplusfromfarmtocity.Overthepasttwocenturies,theIndustrialRevolutionhasbrokenthisbalaneebetweenthecityandthecountry75_Today,insteadofneedingninety-fivefarmerstofeedfivecitypeople,oneAmericanfarmerisabletofeedmorethanahundrednon-farmers.Thatkeptcitiesverysmall.Therestliveinsmalltowns.Theeffectsofurbanlivingonpeopleshouldbeconsidered.Soonmanyotherindustrialnationsbecomeurbansocieties.Buteven200yearsago,onlyafewpeoplecouldliveincities.Modernizationdrewpeopletothecitiesandmadefar