manhattan sc简版chapter 4概述句子平行部分必须在语意上结构相似

Chapter4Not…but…;（不是…而是Notonly…but…ratherthan…;（XratherthanYXY）*and、but、orand最常见。然而，不要局限于这些标志词，anyconstructionthatexpressestwoormorethingsinthesamewayrequiresWrong：IwanttoretiretoaceWHEREIcanrelaxANDIpaylowRight：IwanttoretiretoaceWHEREIcanrelaxANDWHEREIpaylowtaxes.Right：TherearemanypeopleWHOspeakEnglishBUTWHOSEparentsdonot.Wrong：RalphlikesBOTHTHOSEWHOarepopularANDWHOareRight：RalphlikesBothTHOSEWHOarepopularANDTHOSEWHOarenot.前逗号XandX,Y,andX,Y,Z,and彼此独立时，最好在and前逗号。XandY(ListofClauses)Wrong：ShearguesthatncyactswithdisregardforhumanlifeANDpropertyANDrecklessabandonANDitshouldthereforebeshutdown.Right：ShearguesthatncyactsWITHrecklessabandonANDWITHdisregardforhumanlifeANDproperty,ANDthatitshouldthereforebeshutdown.Xactsas distinguishXfrom XisthesameasasX,soY estimateXtobeY Xisgood,andsotooisYbetweenXandY XinsteadofY X,suchasY(example)comparetoX,Y XisknowntobeY thinkofXasYconsiderXY XislessthanY XisthoughttobeYontrasttoX,Y makeXY viewXasYdeclareXY mistakeXforY whetherXorYXdevelopsintoY notonlyX(,)butalsoYXdiffersfromY regardXasYWrong：Salappliedhimselfinhisnewjob,arrivedearlyeveryday,skippedlunchregularly,ANDleftlateeverynight.Right：Salappliedhimselfinhisnewjob,arrivingearlyeveryday,skiplunchregularly,ANDleavinglateeverynight. OtherLinking Wrong：ThebouquetofflowersWASagivingoflove.Right：ThebouquetofflowersWASagiftoflove.Wrong：Uponbeingnominated,thispoliticianREPRESENTSastepforwardinurban-ruralrelationsinthiscountry.Right：ThenominationofthispoliticianREPRESENTSastepforwardinurban-ruralrelationsinthiscountry.*ToBe形式在某些情况不一定能作为平行标志词，有时表示现在进行时，有时表示式。当ToBe形式被作为这些形式使用时，不要关注平行！看到代词，找它代指谁（即先行词Wrong：Theparkrangersdiscussedmeasurestopreventseverewildfires,whichwouldbedevastatingtoIT.Right：Therangersdiscussedmeasurestopreventseverewildfires,whichwouldbedevastatingtoTHEPARK.Wrong：Althoughtheterm“supercomputer”maysoundfancifulorexaggerated,ITissimplyanextremelyfastmainframethatcanexecutetrillionsofcalculationseverysecond.Right：Althoughtheterm“supercomputer”maysoundfancifulorexaggerated,ITsimplyREFERSTOanextremelyfastmainframethatcanexecutetrillionsofcalculationseverysecond.Wrong：Confrontedbyradicalchangesinproductionanddistribution,modernHollywoodstudiosareattemptingvariouperimentsinanefforttoretainITSstatusasthepri rbiterofmovieconsumption.Right：Confrontedbyradicalchangesinproductionanddistribution,modernHollywoodstudiosareattemptingvariouperimentsinanefforttoretainTHEIRstatusasthepri rbiterofmovieconsumption.Right：Confrontedbyradicalchangesinproductionanddistribution,themodernHollywoodstudioisattemptingvariouperimentsinanefforttoretainITSstatusasthepri rbiterofmovieconsumption.注意：ititstheythem它Wrong：Wheneverastudentcalls,takedownTHEIRinformation.Right：Wheneverastudentcalls,takedownHISorHERinformation.Right：Wheneverstudentscall,takedownTHEIRinformation.thisthatthesethose（指示代词New“nano- orporatefibersthatgiveTHESEMATERIALSthatorthoseindicatesa“NewCopy”orcopiesoftheIt,theyorother alpronounsindicatesthesameactualthingastheantecedent.E.G.,ThemoneyspentbyherparentsislessthanTHATspentbyherchildren.E.G.,ThemoneyspentbyherparentsismorethatITwa pectedtobe.a“NewCopy”orcopiesthatthose必须被修饰，换句话说，必须增加描述表示thenewcopy是怎样与之前的版本区分开。E.G.,ThemoneyspentbyherparentsislessthanTHATSPENTbyherchildren.E.G.,Her isoutperformingTHATOFhercompetitor. Any“NewCopy”thatorthose必须在数量上与之前的版本保持一 isoutperformingTHOSEofhercompetitors.Right： isoutperformingTHECOMPUTERSofherthat、thoseWrongWrong：Herproductsareunusual;manyconsiderTHESERight：Herproductsareunusual;manyconsiderTHEMWrong：Researchertohavedevelopednew“nanopapers”orporatingtinycellulosefibers,whichTHEYallegegiveTHEMthestrengthofcastiron.Theyresearchers，themnew“nano-papers”→错！ tohavedevelopednew“nano-papers” tinycellulosefibers,whichgivethesematerialsthestrengthofcastiron,accordingtotheresearchers.Right：Supernovasdestroytheirimmediateenvironmentsinvastexplosions,butbysynthesizingheavychemicalelements,THEYprovidetheuniversewiththepossibilityofbiochemistry-basedlifeasweknowit.environmentsorexplosionsenvironmentsorsuchexplosionsisinvestigatingseveralexecutives’compensationpackagesordertodeterminehowayhavebeenim