中考英语必考知识点

冠词a/an/the1.Hegavemysister＿＿＿＿usefulbookyesterday.A.anB.aC./Dthe

2.Mybrotheris＿＿honestboy，sohehasmanyfriends.A.aB.anC.theD/

3.Thereisabigtree＿＿＿＿thehouse.A.inthefrontofB.infrontofC.infrontD.atclass 4.Jimalwaysanswerstheteacher’squestions_______.

A.inclassB.intheclassC.afterclassD.atclass

2.“other"

"others""another""theother"怎么区别和怎么用？other：(三者及其以上）形容词，其他的，后面修饰名词的复数形式。Somestudentsare

playingbasketball,otherstudents

areplayingtennis..

anyother加单数名词others：(三者及其以上）代词，其他的（人或事），相当于other+名词。如：

Somestudentsareplayingfootball,othersareplayingbasketball.(others=otherstudents)

another：（三者及其以上）形容词，额外的，另外的(不包括前面所讲的内容)。如：

Tofinishthework,weneedanothertwohours.(要完成这项工作，我们还需要（在原来基础上增加）两个小时。)

theother

（两者/两部分）另一个

。代词，另一个（人或物），常与one连用。如：

Therearetwoapples.Oneisgreen,theotherisred1)Willyoushowme____?Idon’tlikeit’scolour.2)Shehastwocomputers.OneisIBMPC386and____isIBMPC586.3)Tomrunsfasterthanany____studentinhisclass.4)ThestudentshaveEnglish,Chinese,maths,biologyandmanysubjects.5)Whyareonlythreeofyouhereintheclassroom?Whereare______?6)Myclassmatescomefromdifferentpartsofthecountry.SomecomefromShanghai,somefromTianjinand_fromBeijing.3常考的不可数名词information，knowledge，furniture,luggage，clothing,equipment，homework，housework,news,paper,mathematics,economics,food,money,

water

,difficulty,cloud,rain…Irememberonthatday______comeoneafteranothertoourfamily.itreallysurprisedallofus.

A.goodpiecesofnewsB.piecesofgoodnewsC.agoodpieceofnewsD.apieceofgoodnews4.常考可数名词复数不规则变化：childchildrenfootfeettoothteethgoose-geesemousemicemanmenwomanwomenGermanGermans以o结尾的heroheroes,potatopotatoes,tomatotomatoesphoto-photos.以f/fe结尾的lifelivesleafleaveswifewivescuffcuffs5.修饰可数名词和不可数名词的词。

既可以修饰可数名词，有可以修饰不可名词的词有Some

、any、enough,

a

lot

of，

lots

of、

plenty

of、

a

large

quantity

of

、large

quantities

of.

只能修饰可数名词表示“许多、大量”之意的词有many,

a

good/great

many

(of)

,

a

(large)

number

of，dozensof，few,afew等。

只能修饰不可数名词的有a

great

deal

of

,

a

large

amount

of

,

much,little,alittle等。

但若肯定句中有too,

so,

as,

very或how

等词修饰时,则必须使用

many,

much。例如:

The

number

of

the

people

who

lost

their

homes

reached

as

many

as

250,000.

无家可归的人数多达250,000人。

There

is

too

much

work

to

do.

要做的工作太多了。6.形容词/副词.考点一：对形容词、副词基本概念的考查例1─Isthephysicsproblem_____?─Yes,Icanworkitout_____.A.easy;easilyB.easy;easyC.easily;easyD.easily;easily[中考链接]1.Samlikesmusicverymuch.Helives_____,butheneverfeels_____.A.alone,lonelyB.alone,aloneC.lonely,aloneD.lonely,lonely2.Thiskindofshirtlooks_____,andsells_____.A.nice,wellB.well,niceC.good,goodD.well,well3.Drinkingmilkcankeepus_____.A.healthB.healthyC.healthilyD.tobehealthy考点二：对形容词、副词原级的考查例2Lucywritesas_____asLily.Theyarebothgoodstudents.A.carefulB.carefullyC.morecarefulD.mostcarefully此题考查学生对形容词、副词原级的掌握情况。当形容词、副词前有as,so,too,very,quite等词时，一般用它们的原级形式。[中考链接]4.Thehorseisoldandcannotrun_____itdid.A.asfasterasB.sofastthanC.asfastas5.Johnnydoesn’tsingquite___theotherboysandgirlsinhisclass.A.aswellasB.asgoodlikeC.aswelllikeD.sogoodas6.Yoursisterisn’tso___asusual.Youshouldtakehertoseeadoctor.A.wellB.betterC.badlyD.worse考点三：对形容词、副词比较级的考查例3.30,000dollarsisalotofmoney,butit’s_____thanweneed.A.farmoreB.verymuchC.farlessD.verylittle当形容词、副词前有much,even,alittle,far等副词修饰，特别是后面有than时，应该用形容词或副词的比较级形式。同时，还应记住由比较级构成的两个特殊句型：“比较级+and+比较级”，表示“越来越……”；“the+比较级，the+比较级”，表示“越……越……”如：Thedaysaregettinglongerandlongerinspring.Themoreweread,themoreweget.[中考链接]7.Inourcity,it’s_____inJuly,butitiseven_____inAugust.A.hotter,hottestB.hot,hotC.hotter,hotD.hot,hotter8.─Thisdigitalcameraisreallycheap.─The_____,thebetter.I’mshortofmoney,yousee.A.cheapB.cheaperC.expensiveD.moreexpensive9.Nowtheairinourhometownis_____thanitwasbefore.Somethingmustbedone.A.muchbetterB.moreworseC.morebetterD.muchworse10.It’ssummernow.It’sgetting___.A.hotterandhotterB.wetterandwetterC.warmerandwarmerD.colderandcolder考点四：对形容词、副词最高级的考查例4IthinkYaoMing,thefamousbasketballplayer,willbe_____newstarinNBA.A.hotB.hotterC.hottestD.thehottest在in,of引导的表示“三者或三者以上”的句子中，在who,which等引导的特殊疑问句,且后面有or连接的三个或三个以上的并列成分的句子中，常用形容词或副词的最高级。同时，还应注意“be+oneofthe+形容词最高级+名词（复数）+范围”句型，意为“……是最……的之一”，如：LiMingisthetallestoneinourclass.Whichisthemostdifficultsubject,English,mathsorChinese?MissZhaoisoneofthemostpopularteachersinourschool.同时要注意，形容词最高级前一般要用定冠词the，而副词最高级前面的定冠词the可以省略。[中考链接]11.Maryhasthreebrothers.Smithis_____ofthethree.A.mosttallB.thetallestC.tallerD.thetallerA.playB.playsC.playingD.played2.WhenIwaswalkinginthestreet,Isawaplane_________overmyhead.A.fliesB.flyingC.flewD.tofly中考实战演练：1.Wouldyoumind_________mehow_________Englishwords?A.tell;torememberB.telling;rememberC.telling;torememberD.tell;remember2.Hefinished_________thebookyesterdayeveningA.seeingB.watchingC.readingD.looking3.Stop_________somuchnoise!FatherisworkingatthedeskA.tomakeB.makingC.tohearD.hearing4.Atlastthechildstopped_________andlistenedtothemusic.A.tocryB.cryingC.cry5.Itkept_________for3daysA.onrainingB.torainC.rained6.Iamfeelingcold.Wouldyoumind_________thewindow?A.openB.closeC.openingD.closing7.EverydayIspendtwohours_________myhomework.A.finishingtodoB.finishingdoingC.tofinishtodoD.tofinishdoing8.Youmustbeverytired.Whynot_________arest?A.tostoptohaveB.tostophavingC.stoptohaveD.stophaving9.Areyouenjoying_________inNingbo?Yes,weare.Verymuch.A.toliveB.livingC.livesD.lived10.LasttermMaryspentalotoftime_________mewithmylessons.A.helpB.helpsC.tohelpD.helping9．短语辨析puton,putaway,putoff,putup,putupwith…,putout,putdown.turnon,turnoff,turnup,turndown.lookafter,lookfor,lookout,lookoutof…lookup,lookdown,lookover,lookforwardto….pickup,takeoff,getoff,getin,getout(of)…comeout,comeacross,comeupwith(agoodidea),giveuplookafter=takecareof=carefor1.—Whydidyoucomebacksoearly?

—

TheEnglishpartyhasbeen_________tillnextFriday2.He_________apieceofwastepaper,andputitintotherubbishbag.3.Amy,I’llbeonholidayforaweek.Couldyouhelpme______mydog?4.Assoonashe______thebus,thepoormanrealizedhehadlefthiswalletonit.5—Don’t______ourhopes.Thingswillbefinesoon.

—Yes.Weshouldlearntobebravewhenweareindifficulties.6.TheplanefromShanghaitoPariswill________inanhour7.Your

toys

are

scattered

over

the

room.

Please

_______hem_________.10.四“看”，二“听“，三“让”四看lookat,watch,notice,see+do/doing二听—listento,hear+do/doing三让let+domake+do/donehave+do/done11.区分四个“花费：spend/pay/cost/takesb.Spend钱/时间onsth./(in)doingsth.人pay钱for物pay

money

back

还钱pay

off

one's

money还清钱物cost钱Ittakessb.时间todosth./doingsth.takessb.时间。1.Homework_______mehalfanhoureveryday.2.Thebook________me$20.3.It______mehalfanhourtofindtheboy.4.It______me$20totakethetrain.5.I______$20forherbook.6.I_____$20onthebook.7.It_________mehalfanhourtoclimbupthemountain.8.I_______halfanhourclimbingupthemountain.9.Howmuchdidyou_____fortheticket?10.Howmuchdoesit_____tobuythebook?11.Howlongdoyou______speakingEnglisheveryday?12.Howmuchdidyou_______onthepants?12．区分todo/doing的搭配。stoptodostopdoingremember/forgettodoremember/forgetdoinggoontodogoondoingtrytodotrydoing13．表示两者和多者的all,any,none,both,either一、分类识记

都都任一(其中任何一个)都不(一个也不)两者botheitherneither多者allanynone二、用法说明1.表示否定可说not…either/any，但没有either/any…not的说法。2.none可指人或物，一般要接表示范围的of短语，可回答howmany/much；noone只能指人(=nobody)，不能接of短语，可回答who。3.both/all与not连用表示部分否定，意为“并非都”。4.

all单独使用或后接一个定语从句或前面有物主代词时，意为everything或theonlything(s)。三、真题实例

1.WeaskedJohnandJerry,but________ofthemcouldofferasatisfactoryexplanation.A.either

B.none

C.both

D.neither

2.IinvitedJoeandLindatodinner,but________ofthemcame.

A.neither

B.either

C.none

D.both

3.—CanyoucomeonMondayorTuesday?—I’mafraid________dayispossible.A.either

B.neither

C.some

D.any

4.—Arethetwoanswerscorrect?—No,________correct.

A.nooneis

B.botharenot

C.neitheris

D.eitherisnot

5.—There’scoffeeandtea,youcanhave________.—Thanks.A.either

B.each

C.one

D.it6.—Doyouwantteaorcoffee?—________.Ireallydon’tmind.

A.Both

B.None

C.Either

D.Neither

7.Ihadtobuy________thesebooksbecauseIdidn’tknowwhichonewasthebest.

A.both

B.none

C.neither

D.all

8.Wehadthreesetsofgardentoolsandweseemedtohavenousefor________.

A.none

B.either

C.any

D.each

9.—WhichofthethreewaysshallItaketothevillage?—________wayasyouplease.

A.Each

B.Every

C.Any

D.Either

10.Mr.Ascot,headmasteroftheschool,refusedtoaccept________ofthethreesuggestionsmadebytheStudents’Union.

A.either

B.neither

C.any

D.none

11.—Whenshallwemeetagain?—Makeit________dayyoulike;it’sallthesametome.A.one

B.any

C.another

D.some

12.Theywerealltired,but________ofthemwouldstoptotakearest.

A.any

B.some

C.none

D.neither

13.________ofthemknewabouttheplanbecauseitwaskeptasecret.

A.Each

B.Any

C.Noone

D.None

14．重点句型。Let’sshallwe?Letus…willyou?It’stimetodosth.It’stimeforsth.I’dlike/lovesth.I’dlike/lovetodosth.tooadj./advtodosth.soadj/advthat从句not…enoughadj/advtodosth.What+中心词为名词How+形容词/副词Such(中心词为名词)that从句So…(形容词/副词)that从句Sothat…So+助动词+主语（倒装表示“也”）Neither/nor+助动词+主语So+主语+助动词（不倒装，表示“的确如此”）Itisadj.ofsb.Todosth.Itisadj.forsb.Todosth.…think／find+it+adj.+todosth.What’swrongwith…What’sthematterwith…bebusywithsth.bebusy(in)doingsth.prefer…to…prefertodoratherthandobefamousfor…befamousas…helpsb.(to)dosth.helpsb.Withsth.usedtodobe/getusedtodoingsth.beusedtodobeusedfordoingmuchtoo+adj./advtoomuch+不可数名词Itisnouse(good)＋doingsth.做……没有用take/bringsthwithsb.把……带上/带……来Whatdoyouthinkof…?/Howdoyoulike…?你认为怎么样no＋doing“禁止……”“不准……”not…untilnotonly…butalso…both…andneither…noreither…or15.常考其他搭配Keepsth\sb+adj(open/closed/clean)\doingmakesth\sb+doadj16.since/for的用法since+时间点for+时间段现在完成时+since+过去Itis+一段时间+since+过去17.主将从现。（主要是针对表将来的条件状语从句/时间状语从句）在if

,

as

soon

as

,

when，once等引导的从句中，通常用一般现在时态，而主句用一般将来时，这就是通常所说的“主将从现”现象。例如：

If

you

don't

catch

the

bus,

you'll

go

there

on

foot.如果你赶不上那趟车，你就要走着去那了。

Once

you

show

any

fear,he

will

attack

you.

只要你显出怕的样子，他就会向你进攻。练习单项选择（中考题）：

1Ifhe__harder,hewillcatchupwithussoon.AstudyBstudiesCwillstudyDstudied

2IwillgoswimmingwithyouifI___freetomorrow.AwillbeBshallbeCamDwas

3Ifyou___achancetostudyinaforeigncountry,justtakeit.

AgettingBhadgotCwillgetDget

4Don’tleaveuntilhe___back.AhavecomeBcomesCwillcomeDcame

5“Shallwehavethevolleyballmatchtomorrow?”“Oh,itwillbeputoffifit____.

AsnowsBissnowingCsnowedDwillsnow

6－Tellhimaboutthenewswhenhe____,John.－Yes,Iwill.

AcomesBwillcomeCwouldDiscoming

7Tomorrowwewillgotothecitypark____itissunny.

AassoonasBwhenCifDas

8Pleasedon’tleaveuntilyourteacher___back.

AwillcomeBcameCcomesDiscoming

9Iwanttoknowifthere___asportsmeetingnextmonth.Ifthey___it,Imustgetreadyforit.Ais,willholdBwillbe,holdCwillbe,willholdDwillhave,hold

10－Mary,whataboutgoingboatingifit___tomorrow.－Goodidea.

AnotrainBwillrainCdoesn’trainDwon’train宾语从句和状语从句的区分

eg.

1）

I

will

go

out

tomorrow

if

it

is

fine.2）

I

don't

know

if

the

train

has

arrived.1．—Mike

wants

to

know

if

____

a

picnic

tomorrow.

—Yes.

But

if

it

_______,

we'll

visit

the

museum

instead.

A.

you

have/

will

rain

B.

you

will

have/

will

rain

C.

you

will

have/

rains

D.

will

you

have/

rains

2.

I

don't

know

if

he

______tomorrow.

If

he

________,

I'll

meet

him.

A.

will

come/

comes

B.

comes/

comes

C.

will

come/

will

come

D.

comes/

will

come

3..

I

really

don't

know

if

she

_______

it

when

she

________.A.inds/

arrives

B.

finds/

will

arrive

C.

will

find/

will

arrive

D.

will

find/

arrives4．_______

he'll

come

or

not

isn't

important.

A.

Why

B.

If

C.

Whether

D.

What18.特殊疑问词+动词不定式“疑问词＋动词不定式”的基本结构有以下三种主要形式：

1、疑问代词（如what,

who,

whose,

whom等）＋动词不定式（及物动词），如：

I

really

don’t

know

what

to

do

.I

haven’t

decided

which

one

to

choose

及物动词do

与choose与前面的代词what与which有反射的动宾关系.2、

疑问副词（如when,

where,

how,

why等）＋动词不定式（及物动词）＋不定式本身的宾语

Would

you

please

tell

me

how

to

do

it

?Do

you

know

where

to

have

our

meeting

?

及物动词do与have分别有自己的宾语it与our

meeting，而前面的副词how与where作状语。

3、

疑问副词（如when,

where,

how,

why等）＋动词不定式（不及物动词）

He

wants

to

know

when

to

set

out.Please

tell

me

how

to

go

there.

set

out

与go

均为不及物动词，不带宾语，而前面的副词when与

how作状语。

了解了以上这些基本规律，请做下面的练习：

1.

He

didn’t

know

_____

_____

_____

_____

_____

(将计算机放在什么地方)

2.

The

pilot

taught

them_____

_____

_____

_____

_____

(如何开飞机)

3.

Don’t

talk

to

him

now.

He

is

thinking

of_____

_____

_____

_____

_____

_____(在会上讲什么

)

4.

Would

you

please

tell

me_____

_____

_____

_____

(什么时候与汤姆见面)

5.

His

problem

_____

_____

_____

_____

_____

_____

_____

_____

_____

_____

__(

是如何在短时间内算出这道题

)

6.

I

want

to

know_____

_____

_____

_____

_____

____

____(何时何处开这个会议

)19.祈使句and+句子（一般将来时）祈使句or+句子（一般将来时）Takethismedicineandyouwillfeelbetter.Closethewindoworyouwillcatchcold.20反意疑问句中1．表否定意义的词。反意疑问句的否定词主要有:no,not,never,nothing,nobody,none,little,few,hardly,seldom等,但有些含有否定前缀的词却不在内,如impossible,impolite,unimportant,unhappy,invisible等2宾语从句否定的转移。动词think，suppose，imagine，expect等之后的宾语从句的否定意义在前面表达Idon’tbelievetheywillcomebackontime,__________?Idon’tsupposeyouneedtoworry,___________?Youdon’tthinktheywillcomebackontime,__________?3.注意反意疑问句中的’s/have/has/had.It’safineday,_________?He’sgotmuchworktodo,________?ShehasgonetoShanghai,_________?Wehavelunchattwelveo’clock,________?Hehadfinishedhishomeworkbeforehewenttobed,_________?补充：重要短语1.geton/off(thebus)上/下车getup起床getreadyfor为...作准备getoneselfdressed自己穿衣服getwell(better)身体好getin进入,收集getsb.sth.=getsth.forsb.为某人买某物getonwellwithsb/sth.与某人相处很好,...进展顺利2.haveanaccident出事故haveagoodtime=enjoyoneself玩得很高兴haveacoldwetday天气又冷又湿haveacough咳嗽haveadrink(of)...喝一杯...haveatalk听报告havelunch吃午饭have...forlunch午饭吃...haveameeting开会havenoidea不知道havearest休息一下3.makeamistake犯错误mistakeAforB把A错认为Btakesth.bymistake错拿某物4.makefriendswith与...交朋友makefaces做鬼脸makeafire生火makeanexcuse找籍口makea...sound发...音maketea沏茶makeroomfor...为...找出空间makeit如期赴约makeateam组成一个队eg.Let'smakeithalfpastone.注意:时间前不用介词at5.turnsth.on/off打开/关掉...turnsth.up/down把...音量开大/小注意:当sth是代词时,常放中间6.trysth.on试穿(衣、鞋、帽)注意:当sth为it或them,常放中间tryout试验、尝试tryone'sbesttodosth.尽力干某事=doone'sbesttodosth.7.sendsb.away开除、解雇某人sendforsb.派人去请某人sendup发射8.hearfromsb收到...的来信hearof听说9.hurryoff匆匆离去,赶快去hurryup赶快10.getto+名词get+副词(不用to)reach+名词/副词arrivein/at+大/小地点(后接副词,不用at/in)eg.gettoShanghai、reachShanghai、arriveinShanghai到达上海eg.reachhome、gethome、arrivehome到家11.teachsb.English教某人英语teachoneself=learnsth.byoneself自学12.到...末为止bytheendof+过去时间(用于过去完成时)bytheendof+将来时间(用于一般将来时)attheendof+地点在...尽头intheend=atlast最后,终于13.hundredsof成百上千thousandsof成千上万的millionsof成百万的14.bepleasedtodosth很高兴地干某事bepleasedwithsth.为某事而高兴15.beusedfor被用来beusedas被当作beusedby被...所使用16.sofar到目前为止,用于现在完成时17.onaTuesdaymorning一个星期二的早上onthemorningofJune15th.1998在1998年6月15日早上18.keepsb.doingsth.让某人一直干某事keepdoingsth.继续做某事keepondoingsth.持续不断地做某事19.muchtoo+形容词/副词原级实在太...toomuch+不可数名词相当多的...eg.It's_______expensive.Ican'tbuyit.There's___________rainthisyear.20.thanksto...由于,多亏thankstoone'shelp=becauseofone'shelp由于某人的帮忙thanksforone'shelp谢谢某人的帮助21.befarawayfrom+aplace/sb远离某地22.wearout穿坏、穿旧、用尽常用于被动语态。sellout售完卖完23.two-monthholiday=twomonths'holiday二个月的假期24.fallasleep入睡(进入状态)gettosleep入睡(还没睡着)25.stopsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人干某事eg.Shestopped