科技英语写作 PPT

TranslationofNumers

西电研二References:科技英语中倍数的表达与翻译高秀丽科技文中倍数的译法顾玉芳科技英语阅读与翻译教材李健科技英语语法教材秦荻辉Numbersfrequentlyappearinscientificandtechnicalpaperswhencomparisionsaremadebetweentwoobjectsorthechangesandquantitiesareindicated.IftheexpressionsaresimiliarinusingthenumbersinEnglishandChinese,therewillbenoproblems.Atitsclosest,theasteroidwasabout450,000milesaway,roughlytwicethedistancebetweentheearthandthemoon.最接近的时候，那颗小行星距离地球大约45万英里，差不多等于地球和月球距离之间的2倍。Theoilproductionrisesattherateof28percentayear.原油产量以每年28%的速率增长。However,duetodifferencesofthetwolanguage,therearesomeexpressionswhichcannotbetranslatedintothetargetlanguagedirectly,andsomechangeshavetobemade.Theseexpressionsmainlyinvolvecomparisonsofquantities(includingsize,height,width,andvolume,etc.)aswellastheincreaseanddecreaseinquantities.1.Integer&approximatenumber2.over&under3.atleast&atmost&between4.Numeralsinmultiples5.Theincreaseofnumerals6.ThedecreaseofnumeralsIntegerandapproximatenumbers英语中常用flat,cool,sharp,exactly,whole,just等词修饰数字，表示“正好，恰好，整整”等英语中也常用about,some,around,round,approximately,closeto,nearly,towards等词修饰数字，表“大约，上下，将近，几乎”等1.Hefinishedtheexperimentintwenty-fourhoursflat.他完成这一实验正好用了24小时.2.Thephysiciantreatedcool30patientsthatday.

这位内科医生那天正好看了30个病人.3.Theplanetakesoffat7o'clocksharp.

这架飞机7点整起飞.4.Themachineworkedfortenwholedays.

这台机器整整运转了10天.5.Thewiremeasuresexacttenmeters.

这条导线刚好10米长.6.Thevolumeofthesunisabout/some/around/

round1,300,000timesthatoftheearth.

太阳的体积约为地球的130万倍.7.Itisnearly/towards4'oclock.

现在将近4点钟.8.Thepriceofthisnewmachineisintheneighborhoodof/oftheorderofathousanddollars.

这台新机器的价格约为1000美元.9.Noisefigureintheborderof4to5dBat2Ghzhasbeenreported.

据称，在2,000兆赫时，噪声系数约为4-5分贝.10.Accordingtotheweatherman,thetemperaturewillbeup5°Corso.

据天气预报，气温将升高5°C左右.Over&under英语中常用morethan,odd,over,above,exceed,upwardsof,ormore,higherthan,intheexcessof修饰,表“超过,以上,有余,高于,多于”Twosub-types英语中也常用under,below,less,lessthan,nomorethan,shortof,offto,within,asfewas修饰,表“不到,少于,以下”1.Pigironisanalloyofironandcarbonwiththecarboncontentmorethantwopercent.

生铁是铁碳合金，其中碳含量超过2%.2.Onlywhenarocketattainsaspeedof18,ooooddmilesperhour,canitputamanmadesatelliteinorbit.

只有当火箭速度达到每小时18,000多英里时，才能把人造卫星送入轨道.3.Over/Above/Morethan/Notlessthan100chemicalelementsareknowntoman;oftheseabout80aremetals.

人类已知的化学元素有100种以上，其中有80种是金属.4.Upwardsofseventhousandmedicalworkershaveleftfortheearthquakedistrict.

有7000多名医务人员前往震区。5.Thepatientsarechildrenofthreeyearsoldandupwards.

这些病人是三岁和三岁以上的儿童.6.Theefficiencyofthebestoftheseenginesisunder/below/lessthan/nomorethan40%.

这些发动机中效率最好的也不到40%.7.Ittookthreeyearslessthanonemonthforthemtodevelopthenewmaterial.

他们花了三年差一个月研制这种材料.8.Helium(氮)intheairisalittleunder1%.

空气中氮的含量略低于1%.atleast&atmost&betweenAtleast1英语中常用full,solid,atleast,allof,nolessthan,as...as修饰,表“数目大，数量多”2英语中常用only,merely,barely,scarcely,but,atmost,nomorethan,scant修饰,表“数目小,数量少”Atmost3英语中常用fromto,betweenand/to,修饰数字,表范围,译为“从...到,在...之间”等Between1.TheycoveredfulltwentyreferencesourcesonAIDSinasingleday.

他们仅仅用了一天时间，就看完了足足20种有关艾滋病的资料.2.Themotorran450soliddaysonend.

马达连续运转了足有450天.3.Theexperimentwilltakethreedays,atleast.

实验至少需要三天时间.4.Thetemperatureatthesun'scenterisashighas

10,000,000°C.太阳中心的温度高达摄氏1000万度.5.Therewerenolessthanfiftywoundedinthetrafficaccident.

在这场交通事故中，受伤者多达50人.6.Thatsolar-energycarweighsonly/merely/barely/scarcely/but500kg.那辆太阳能汽车仅重500公斤.7.Inspectiontimefortheinstallationwasnomorethan2hours.检验安装欧诺工作仅用了两小时.8.Thereisonlyatmostroomforoneperson.

至多只有可容纳一个人的空间.9.Theenergyofthefuelwastedbythereciprocat-ingsteamengineisbetween80and/to85percent.

往复式蒸汽机浪费的燃料能量为80%至85%.10.Theladlerefiningtimetakesonaveragebetween3and4hoursdependingonthetreatmentrequired.

桶内精炼时间平均为3到4小时,这要视所需要的处理而定.NumeralsinmultiplestimesBentimesas+形容词/副词+as...Bentimes+形容词/副词比较级+thanBe+比较级+than+名词+byntimesBe+比较级+byafactorof+n表示“是...的几倍”againas+形容词、副词+againasagainas+形容词、副词+as表示“比...多一倍，是...的两倍”ntimes+形容词比较级=ntimes+as+形容词原级asThismachineisfivetimesheavierthanthatone.这台机器比那台重四倍。这台机器是那台的五倍重。提示：这一句型比较特殊，很容易被错译为“这台机器比那台重五倍”。翻译这种句子时，请记住这样一条准则：英译汉减一倍,汉译英加一倍。1.Thesubstancereactsthreetimesasfastastheother.

该物质的反应速度是那种物质反应速度的三倍.(Or该物质的反应速度比那种物质的反应速度快2倍)2.Thislineisbytwotimeslongerthanthatone.

这条线的长度是那条线长度的2倍.(Or这条线比那条线长1倍)3.Mercuryweighsmorethanwaterbyabout14times.

水银的重量约为水的14倍.(Or水银比水重13倍)4.TheerrorprobabilityofbinaryAMisgreaterthanforbinaryFMbyafactorofatleast6.

二进制调幅的误差概率比二进制调频至少大5倍.(Or二进制调幅的误差概率至少是二进制调频的6倍)5.Thewireisaslongagainasthatone.

这跟金属线的长度是那根的2