2023学年完整公开课版Unit1Greatscientists全省一等奖1

SectionⅢ

LearningaboutLanguage&UsingLanguage速效提能演练Unit1预习多维感知

SectionIII重点难点探究预习多维感知Ⅰ.Readthetextandanswerthesequestions.1．WhatmadeCopernicusconfused?__________________________________________答案：Hisdiscoverthattheearthwasnotthecentreofthesolarsystem.2．WhycouldCopernicusnottellanyoneabouthistheory?___________________________________________答案：BecausetheChristianChurchwouldpunishhim.3．HowdidCopernicusprovehistheory?___________________________________________答案：Hehadcollectedobservationsofthestarsandusedallhismathematicalknowledgetoexplainthem.4．WhatdidCopernicusdoin1543?___________________________________________答案：Heshowedhistheoryprivatelytohisfriends.5．WhendidCopernicuspublishhistheory?___________________________________________答案：Hepublisheditin1543，whenhewasdying.Ⅱ.Readthetextandthenfindoutthemainideaofeachparagraph.A．Newobservationsdidn’tagreewiththeoldtheoryabouttheearth.B．Copernicus’stheoryisthebasisofmodernscienceabouttheuniverse.C．Copernicuswaspuzzledashefoundtheearthwasnotthecenterofthesolarsystem.D．Copernicus’snewtheorythatthesunwasthecentercouldexplainallthephenomena.E．Copernicusimprovedhistheorybycollectingobservationsandusinghismathematicalknowledge.Paragraph1________Paragraph2________Paragraph3________Paragraph4________Paragraph5________答案：Paragraph1～Paragraph5：CAEDB重点难点探究词汇精研1contributevt.&vi.捐献；贡献；捐助品味经典①Manypeoplecontributedsomemoneyto/towardsthenewchurch.很多人都为新教堂捐了一些钱。归纳拓展②HecontributedfivemilliondollarstotheRedCross.他向红十字会捐赠了五百万美元。③Hecontributedsomearticlestothenewspaper.他给报社投了几篇稿。④I’dliketothankallofyouwhocontributedtobuildingthehospital.我想感谢你们所有这些为医院建设做出贡献的人。⑤Hiscarelessnesscontributedtotheaccident.他的粗心大意是造成这次事故的原因之一。注意：在表示“献身于某一事业或目标”时，要用devote，不用contribute，即contribute后不可接one’slife或oneself。【助记】⑥Manypeoplecontributedmoneytothepoorboy，whichcontributedtohisreturningtoschool.Awriterwroteastoryaboutthisandcontributedittoanewspaper.好多人给那个可怜的孩子捐钱，使他可以重返校园。一位作家写了一篇关于此事的故事并把它投到了报社。牛刀小试(1)(2011年湖州高二检测)Eatingtoomuchfatcan________heartdiseaseandcausehighbloodpressure.A．contributeto

B．linktoC．attendtoD．devoteto解析：选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意：摄入太多的脂肪会促使心脏病和高血压的发生。contributeto有助于，促使；attendto处理；link和devote都为及物动词，后须接宾语，且与句意不符。(2)Manyillnesses________lackofexercise.A．resultfromB．leadtoC．resultinD．contributeto解析：选A。句意：许多疾病是由缺乏运动引起的。“前果后因”的结构和意义要选resultfrom。因为leadto，resultin，contributeto都表示“前因后果”的关系。2Apartfromtheconstructionmentionedabove，youhavealsolearnedthefollowingphrases.除了上面提到的结构，你还学了下列短语。品味经典①Apartfrommath，sheisgoodatEnglish.除了数学外，她还擅长英语。②Apartfromafewfaults，heisafaithfulfriend.除了几个缺点外，他是个值得信赖的朋友。自我探究apartfrom介词短语，意思为除……之外；此外。③Apartfrommyparents，Ihavenoonetobelievein.除了我父母，我谁也不相信。(notincludingmyparents)④Apartfromthecost，weneedtothinkabouthowmuchtimethejobwilltake.除了成本之外，我们还需要考虑这份工作要用多少时间。(includingthecost)易混辨析

inaddition，inadditionto，apartfrom，except，exceptfor，besidesinaddition副词短语，意为“加之，又，另外(包括除去内容在内)”。Therewasanearthquakeand，inaddition，thereweretidalwaves.除了地震之外，还有海啸。inadditionto介词短语，意为“加之，除了……之外(包括除去内容在内)”。HespeaksFrenchinadditiontoEnglish.他除了英语之外，也会说法语。apartfrom介词短语，意为“除去，除……以外”。有双重意义，既可表示besides，也可表示except或exceptfor。Apartfromthecost，thedressdoesn’tsuitme.姑且不论价格，这件衣服也不适合我。except是“除……之外”之意。指从整体中除去一部分，被除去部分不包括在整体之内。Helikeseveryoneexceptme.除了我以外，每个人他都喜欢。exceptfor是“除……之外”之意。被除去部分与整体不是同一类，而是补充细节以修复整体或使整体所述成立。Thefilmisgoodexceptformusic.除音乐之外，这部片子都好。besides是“除……之外(还有)”被除去部分是包括在整体之内的(＝inadditionto)。Therearethreemorevisitorsbesidesme.除我之外，还有三位访客。Nooneknowsitbesidesme.(在疑问句、否定句中＝except)除我以外，谁也不知道这事。(只有我知道)牛刀小试(1)(2011年宜春高二检测)________beingtoolarge，thecolorandthestyleofthedresssuitmewell.A．ApartfromB．AswellasC．BesidesD．Insteadof解析：选A。考查同义词或短语的辨析。根据句意“除了太大，这件衣服的颜色和款式都适合我”。应选apartfrom。aswellas也；besides除……外还；insteadof代替，都不合题意。用besides，except，apartfrom，exceptfor填空(2)Clarissacouldthinkofnothingtosay________thatshewassosorry.(3)________goingswimmingoccasionally，Idon’tgetmuchexercise.(4)Icycletowork，________whenitrains.(5)Thebusisempty________anoldwomaninit.答案：(2)except

(3)Apartfrom/Except

(4)except

(5)exceptfor3Onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。品味经典①Hisargumentdoesnotmakesense.他的争论没有意义。②Thissentencedoesn’tmakeanysense.＝

Thissentencemakesnosense.这个句子完全讲不通。③Itmakessensetotakecareofyourhealth.注意身体健康是明智的。自我探究makesense意为有意义；讲得通；有道理。归纳拓展(1)makesense是不及物动词短语，可用于itmakessense(forsb.)todosth.结构中。而makesenseof是及物动词短语。意为：理解，明白。(2)loseone’ssense昏过去；发疯；失去理智asenseofhumor幽默感Thereisnosenseindoingsth.做什么没有道理/没有必要④Canyoumakeanysenseofthearticleatall?你究竟能不能理解这篇文章的意思？⑤There’snosenseingettingangryaboutit.为此生气是没有意思的。牛刀小试(1)What’sthe________ofhavingapublicopenspacewhereyoucan’teat，drinkorevensimplyhangoutforawhile?A．senseB．matterC．caseD．opinion解析：选A。本题所设的语境是：在不吃、不喝、不动的情况下是什么感觉？sense感觉；matter问题，麻烦；case情况，问题；opinion意见，看法。四个选项中只有A项符合语境。(2)(2011年汕头高二检测)Whathesaid________.Heknowsnothingabouttheintelligenceeconomy.A．makesomesenseB．makessomesenseC．makenosenseD．doesn’tmakeanysense解析：选D。考查makesense的用法。根据后句“他对知识经济一无所知”判断他说的话没有意义。排除A、B。Whathesaid是主语从句，用作单数。排除C项。4Hisfriendswereenthusiasticandencouragedhimtopublishhisideas，butCopernicuswascautious.他的朋友们都很感兴趣并鼓励他发表他的理论，但是哥白尼很小心。品味经典①Hewascautiouswhenhewasridingthebicycle.当他骑自行车的时候，他很小心。自我探究cautiousadj.意为小心的；谨慎的。归纳拓展易混辨析cautious，carefulcareful表示很注意细节，行为小心以避免错误。cautious语气比careful强，指十分小心，防止出危险或差错，带有迟疑、提防的心理。②Thebossiscautiousaboutmakingpromises.老板对承诺持谨慎态度。③Hewascarefultokeepoutofsight.他小心翼翼地躲开别人的视线。牛刀小试(2011年湖州高二检测)I’vealwaysbeenvery________aboutgivingmyaddressandtelephonenumbertostrangers.A．worriedB．anxiousC．carefulD．cautious解析：选D。考查形容词的辨析。根据句意“我在给陌生人我的地址和电话号码时非常谨慎”可知应选cautious。worried担心的；anxious焦虑的；careful小心的。5TheChristianChurchrejectedhistheory，sayingitwasagainstGod’sidea...基督教会拒绝接受他的新理论，说这种理论违背了上帝的旨意……品味经典①Jimwasrejectedbyeverycollegeheappliedto.吉姆申请的每一所大学都拒绝了他。自我探究rejectvt.拒绝；不接受；摒弃。易混辨析reject，refusereject用于正式场合，如外交或商业条款之类，另外还有“抛弃、剔除”之意。后面接名词。refuse表示“拒绝他人的请求或拒绝自己不想要的事物”，多用于refusesth.；refusetodosth.；refusesb.sth.的结构中。②Theyrefusedtobowtoforce.他们坚决不向武力低头。③Itishardformetorejectsomebadhabits.我很难改掉一些坏习惯牛刀小试单项填空(1)Severalhundredpeopleappliedfortheposition，butwehadto________nearlyallofthem.A．rejectB．giveawayC．turnoutD．leaveout解析：选A。句意：虽然有好几百人申请这个职位，但我们不得不拒绝几乎所有的人。reject拒绝。完成句子(2)由于视力不好他被拒绝入伍。He__________bythearmybecauseofhisbadeyesight.答案：wasrejected6Onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。句型巧析品味经典①Onlyifyoumademanymistakesdidyouknowtheimportanceoffollowingyourparents’suggestions.只有当你犯了很多错误后，你才意识到听从父母建议的重要性。自我探究only位于句首修饰状语时，主句要用部分倒装，即把主句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词be放在主语之前。②Onlyinthiswaycanyousolvetheproblem.只有通过这种方式，我们才能解决这个问题。③Onlyshecandoitwell.只有她才能把这件事做好。易混辨析ifonly，onlyif(1)ifonly但愿……，要是……就好了。常引导含虚拟语气的条件句或感叹句。(2)onlyif只要……，onlyif本身不是一个固定词组。only是副词，用来修饰整个if从句。若用于句首，后接从句，主句要部分倒装。④IfonlyIwereyounger！要是我年轻点儿就好了！牛刀小试(1)________youeatthecorrectfoods________beabletokeepfitandstayhealthy.A．Onlyif；willyouB．Onlyif；youwillC．Unless；willyouD．Unless；youcan解析：选A。句意为：“只有正确饮食，你才能保持身体健康。”onlyif引导的条件状语位于句首时，主句要采取部分倒装。注意：unless引导状语从句不用倒装结构。(2)OnlywhenIleftmyparentsforItaly________howmuchIlovedthem.A．IrealizedB．IhadrealizedC．hadIrealizedD．didIrealize解析：选D。考查Only＋时间状语置于句首引起句子的部分倒装。因此排除A、B。又由于realize在left之后，故不用过去完成时。COPERNICUS’REVOLUTIONARYTHEORYNicolausCopernicuswasfrightenedandhismindwasconfused.Althoughhehadtriedtoignorethem，allhismathematicalcalculationsledtothesameconclusion:thattheearthwasnotthecentreofthesolarsystem.Onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.YethecouldnottellanyoneabouthistheoryasthepowerfulChristianChurchwouldhavepunishedhimforevensuggestingsuchanidea.They译文助读believedGodhadmadetheworldandforthatreasontheearthwasspecialandmustbethecentreofthesolarsystem.Theproblemarosebecauseastronomershadnoticedthatsomeplanetsintheskyseemedtostop，movebackwardandthengoforwardinaloop.Othersappearedbrighterattimesandlessbrightatothers.Thiswasverystrangeiftheearthwasthecentreofthesolarsystemandallplanetswentroundit.Copernicushadthoughtlongandhardabouttheseproblemsandtriedtofindananswer.Hehadcollectedobservationsofthestarsandusedallhismathematicalknowledgetoexplainthem.Butonlyhisnewtheorycoulddothat.Sobetween1510and1514heworkedonit，graduallyimprovinghistheoryuntilhefeltitwascomplete.In1514heshoweditprivatelytohisfriends.Thechangeshemadetotheoldtheorywererevolutionary.Heplacedafixedsunatthecentreofthesolarsystemwiththeplanetsgoingrounditandonlythemoonstillgoingroundtheearth.Healsosuggestedthattheearthwasspinningasitwentroundthesunandthisexplainedchangesinthemovementoftheplanetsandinthebrightnessofthestars.Hisfriendswereenthusiasticandencouragedhimtopublishhisideas，butCopernicuswascautious.HedidnotwanttobeattackedbytheChristianChurch，soheonlypublisheditashelaydyingin1543.Certainlyhewasrighttobecareful.TheChristianChurchrejectedhistheory，sayingitwasagainstGod’sideaandpeoplewhosupporteditwouldbeattacked.YetCopernicus’theoryisnowthebas