定语从句讲解及专项训练- 高三英语一轮复习

专题一：定语从句一、定语从句的句法功能及相关定义1.功能Whatisthefunctionof(heunderlinedwords?l)Theb/ackbikeismine.2)What'svowname?3)Theymadesomepaperflowers.4)TheboysintheroomareinClassThree.GradeOne.5)1havelotstoeatanddrink.Iwilltellyoumyleachin殳plan.ThetallboywhoissiandinathereisPeter..位置Underlinetheattributiveclauseinthefollowingsentences.InourClass5,thereisaboycalledSamwhoisasuperEnglishlearner.AngelawasworkinginBeijing,whereshewentdailyinabus.AsIexpected,hegotthefirstplaceagaininthismid-tennexamination..先行词Combinethetwosentencestogetherbyusingattributiveclause.eg.Thelovelygirloftenhelpstheoldlady.Shelivesnextdoortoourschool.TTIhavevisitedthehouse.AndersenwroteTheEmperorsNewClothesinthehouse..关系词关系词作用：①引导定语从句；②代替先行词；③在定语从句中担当一个成分。TherecomeJerryandMichaelhelpeduspaythefeesontheinternet.TheyrushedintoClass5tohelpSherlockEnglishisverypoor.ThebookAnneneedsisnotinthelibrary.二、定语从句的核心考点1.确定关系词Doyouknowthemanistalkingwithourheadmaster?Thefriendwemetinthelibrarycanhelpyouwithiheproblem.Heownsastoreopens24hours.I'hcclassroomdoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.IwillneverforgetthedayIfirstcametoschool..只能用that不用which引导定语从句的情况IsthereanythingIcandohere?ThisistheverypresentIamlookingforwardto.Thisistheholiestsummerwehavehadinthirtyyears.Thesecondbookhewrotewasnotaspopularasthefirstone.HetalkedabouttheteachersandschoolshehadvisitedinBritain.isthemanthatisstandingbythegate?.用which而不用that的情况Theearth,whichmovesroundthesun,isaplanet.YifcngistheplaceinwhichIwasborn.Theclockisthatwhichcantellus(hetime.HereistheEnglishgrammarwhich,asIhavetoldyou,willhelpimproveyourEnglish..who与that的区分Therearestudentsinourclasswho/whamyouhavemet.Thosewhowanttogotherecomehereplease.Anyonewhoisagainstusisourenemy.Whoiswoman3atyoutalkedwithjustnow?Themanthat,who,whomyoumetjustnowiscalledJim..whose的先行词可以是“人”，也可以是“物”，在从句中代替定语。Thestudentwhosepronunciationis(hebestinourclasshasenteredforthecompetition.Shementionedabookwhosetitlehasslippedmymemory.—>Shementionedabookthetitleofwhichslippedmymemory..as引导的定语从句Letchildrenreadsuchbookswillmakethembetterandwiser.Ihavemetwiththesameproblemyouhave.Hesucceededinpassingtheexam,asIhadexpected./AsIhadexpected,hesucceededinpassingtheexam.Tomwaslateforschoolagainandagain,madehisteacherveryangry.isknowntoall,Chinaisadevelopingcountry.ThisisthesamebagIlostyesterday.这个书包和我昨天丢失的相似。ThisisthesamebagIlostyesterday.这正是我昨天丢失的书包。.关系副词IwillneverforgetthedayImethim.=IwillneverforgetthedaysImethim.Isthisthehouseyoulived?=Isthisthehouseyoulived?Pleasetellmethereasonyoumissedtheplane.=Wedon'tknowthereasontheydidn'tcome.Hehadtofacetheconditionspressurewasheavy.Iwillshowyouthepointyoufail..必须注意的问题ThestudentswhoinGrade3aregoingtoclimbthehill.whoyourbestfriend,willdoeverythingforyou.Tomisoneoftheboystudentsinourclasswhooftenlate.Toniisthe(only)oneoftheboystudentsinourclasswhooftenlate.Itisthisstreet1happenedtomeethim.IlisinthisstreetIhappenedtomeethim.WasitinthecinemaSmithmetyouyousawthefilm?IwillforevercherishthetimeIwontheprizein(heNationalMathsCompetition.IhavenoideahewontheprizeintheNationalMathsCompetition.ThenewsMr.LiwillbeournewEnglishteacheristrue.Thenewshetoldmeyesterdayistrue.Thebookyoujustlaidontheshelfismine.⑸“介词+关系代词(which/whom)”引导的定语从句关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。Theschool(which/that)heoncestudiedinisveryfamous.Theschoolinwhichheoncestudiedisveryfamous.他曾经就读过的学校很出名。Payattentionto：.含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面丁如：lookfor,lookafter,takecareof等。Thisisthewatch(which/that)Iamlookingfor.(正)这是我正在找的手表。ThisisthewatchforwhichIamlooking.(误).若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用whom,不可用who.that；关系代词指物时只可用which,不可用that。关系代词是所有格时用whose。Themanwithwhomyoutalkedjustnowismyneighbour.(IE)你刚才跟他谈话的那个人是我的邻居。Themanwiththat/whoyoutalkedjustnowismyneighbour.(误)③名词/代词+介词+关系代词的结构”some/several/afcw/alittle/many/more/most/thclargest...ofwhich/whomHerearethequestions,someofwhichIthoughtdifficultforyou.④关系代词前介词的确定依据从句中的习惯搭配来确定Iboughtagreatmanybooks,onwhich1spentallmymoneythat1saved.依据先行词的习惯搭配来确定IshallneverforgetthetimeduringwhichIspentmychildhoodinthecountry.依据表达的意思来确定Thecolorlessgaswithoutwhichwecannotliveiscalledoxygen.星避训练单句语法填空Air,webreatheeveryday,isaroundusallthelime.MarywasmuchkindertoJackthanshewastotheothers,madealltheothersunhappy.TheschoolIstudiedforonlythreeyearswastwokilometersaway.Inhislife,hehasalwaystriedtohelpthosearelessfortunatethanhimself.JuliawasgoodatGerman,FrenchandRussian,allofshespokefluently.Alltheapplesfelldownfromthetreewereeatenupbythepigs.Tomistheonlyoneofthestudentswho(finish)thehomeworkalready.Soyounfi,wasdirectedbyZhaowei,wasthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.Theonemillionpeopleofthecity,thoughtlittleofthesestrangeevents,wenttobedasusualthatnight.Theschoolshop,customersaremainlystudents,isclosedfortheholidays.ThisisthereasonIwanttoaskfbraleave.Theprizewillgotothewriterstoryshowsthemostimagination.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn'tasinglepersontoshecouldturnfbrhelp.Heisamanofgreatknowledge,frommuchcanbelearned.ThisistheveryplaceI'mwishingtolive.refusetoaccepttheblamefbrsomethingwassomeoneelse'sfault.能力蝗升一、高考真题和模拟题Whenharvestcamearound,hewasalreadysellingherbs,vegetablesandcottoninthemarketpeoplefromthetownmetregularly.I'dskippednearbyGuilin,adreamplacefortouristsseekingthelimestonemountaintopsanddarkwatersoftheLiRiverarepicturedbyartistsinsomanyChinesepaintings.Peopleshouldnotdothingswilldisturbtheirneighborsunnecessarily.TheexactyearAngelaandherfamilyspenttogetherinChinawas2008.Pleasesendusall(heinfonnaiionyouhaveaboutthecandidatefortheposition.Behindhimwereotherpeopletohewastryingtotalk,butaftersomeminutes,theywalkedawayandsatnearme,lookingannoyed.Ofcoursewhenevertheyturnedtolookathim,theyhadtolookatMary,madeherfeellikeastar.Nick'sguests,hadheardtheirconversation,askedwhytheyshouldnotbuysalemorecheaplyiftheycould.Thenextday,mybrotherandIwenttothebeachwewatchedsomepeopleplayvolleyball.Oncetherelivedarichman wantedtodosomethingforthepeopleofhistown.Theyalsoboughtawheelchairforten-year-oldTanJun,suffersfromabrainproblem.Oneday,asIwaswalkingthroughalocalmarket,aten-year-oldboycameoverandbeggedmetobuyabook,hadthewords"InterestingIndia"onitscover.ChiatoCoffee,operatesinPudongLibrary,beganofferingsuspendedcoffeelastTuesday.Themanaboutyoutoldmetheotherdayturnedouttobeathief.Thegrowingspeedofaplantisinfluencedbyanumberoffactors,mostofarebeyondourcontrol.二、使用正确的引导词填空。a.Filneverforgetthedayswestudiedtogether.b.I'llneverforgetthedayswespenttogether.a.Thisisoneofthemostinterestingfilmsshownlastweek.b.Thisistheonly/veryoneofthemostinterestingfilmsshownlastweek.a.Hehastwosons,arecollegestudents.b.Hehastwosons,andarecollegestudents.Galileocollectedfactsprovedtheearthandall(heotherplanetsmovedaround(hesun.a.Hestilllivesintheroomwindowfacestotheeast.Hestilllivesintheroom,thewindowfacestothecast.Hestilllivesintheroomisinthenorthofthecity.Hestilllivesintheroomthereisabeautifultable.a.Isthismuseumtheyvisitedlastmonth?a.Itwaseleveno'clocktheywentoutofthecinema.b.Itwasateleveno'clocktheywentoutof(hecine-ma.单句改错A级ThisisthemuseumwhereIoncevisited.Thepencilwiththatheiswritingishis.ThisisthehousewhereIlivedinlastyear.ThefirstbookwhichIreadwasGoneWiththeWind.Everythingwhichwesawtherewasinter