2023学年完整公开课版人教版unitculturalrelicsGrammar

Unit1CulturalrelicsGrammarTheAttributiveClause

Beijingisthecitywhereithostedthe2008OlympicGames.Thereasonwhytheoldmanisshoutingisthehouseisonfire.Theman,whosehouseisonfireisshouting.Definition定语从句：是在复合句中充当定语作用的主谓结构，又称形容词从句，通常修饰它前面的名词或代词，即它的先行词。定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种，引导词有关系代词和关系副词两种。基础知识回顾:引导定语从句的关系词及其意义关系代词：关系副词：who,whom,whose,which,that,aswhen,where,why关系代词的用法指人指物subject(主语)object(宾语)attribute（定语）whomwhowhichthatwhose√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√何时可以省略？做宾语时可以省略选择正确的关系代词填空1.Theman____________livesnextdoorisawriter.2.Thewoman______________Ivisitedlastweekisafamouswriter.3.Beijingisthecity__________hasgotthechancetohostthe2008OlympicGames.

who/thatwho/whom/thatwhich/that

4.Heissuchaman_______nevertellsalie..5.Theboy________fatherisaprofessorisoneofmybestfriends.6.Thehouse_______roofwasblownawaybythestormwillberebuiltsoon.whowhosewhose先行词和关系代词的关系Aplaneisamachinethat

canfly.

TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledWangkai.Theboywhoseparentsarewokingoutsidewasbroughtupbyhisgrandfather.themachine=thattheboy

=whotheboy’s=whose关系代词实际上是先行词的复指关系词

whose

实际上是先行词的所有格关系副词的用法关系副词指代在从句中的作用when(=at/in/on/during/…which)

where(=in/at/…which)why(=forwhich)

时间时间状语地点地点状语原因原因状语关系副词引导定语从句时，既引导定语从句，又在定语从句中充当状语。3、注意事项：1、关系代词和关系副词在定从中的不同成分a、Thisistheplacewhereheworks.（状语）Thisistheplacewhich(that)wevisitedlastyear.（宾语）b、Thatwasthetimewhenhearrived.（状语）Doyoustillrememberthedaysthat(which)wespenttogether?（宾语）c、Thisisthereasonwhyhewent.(状语）Thereasonthat(which)hegaveuswasquitereasonable.（宾语）2.关系副词都等于一个适当的介词＋which，在从句中作状语When=in/at/on/during…+which;Where=in/at/on/…+which;Why=for/…+which

1.Doyoustillrememberthedaywhen(onwhich)wewenttovisitthemuseumtogether?2.Thisisthefactorywhere(inwhich)myfatheronceworked.3.Thisisthereasonwhy(forwhich)hewaslate.3、关系代词放在介词后面，只能用which或whoma.Thisistheboywithwhomheworked.b.Thisistheboywhomheworkedwith.c.Thisistheboywho/thatheworkedwith.d.Thisistheboyheworkedwith.e.Thehousewhereweliveisnotlarge.f.Thehouseinwhichweliveisnotlarge.g.Thehousewhich/thatweliveinisnotlarge.h.Thehouseweliveinisnotlarge.关系代词前介词的确定1.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系，请体会：e.g.Isthatthenewspaperforwhichyouoftenwritearticles?2.根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配，如：e.g.CanyouexplaintomehowtousetheseidiomsaboutwhichI’msure.3.根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯，请体会：e.g.1949wastheyearinwhichtheP.R.C.wasfounded.关系代词前介词的确定4.非限制性定与从句中，要表示先行词的一部分时，可用“数词/代词+of+关系代词”的结构，如：e.g.Thereare50studentsinourclass,two-thirdsofwhomhavebeentoBeijing.关系代词前的介词的确定5.Whose从句可转换为“of+关系代词”型，如：e.g.Theyliveinahouse,whosedooropenstothesouth.

Theylivedinahouse,ofwhichthedooropenstothesouth.Theylivedinahouse,thedoorofwhichopenstothesouth.1.

Doyoulikethebook

shespent$10?2.

Doyoulikethebook

shepaid$10?3.

Doyoulikethebook

sheoftentalks?onwhichforwhichaboutwhich介词+关系代词的练习4.Thereisatalltreeoutside,

standsourteacher.5.

Chinahasalotofrivers,thesecondlongest________istheYellowRiver.6.Thetower___________

peoplecanhaveagoodviewisonthehill.underwhichofwhichfromwhich

二、定语从句的种类定语从句TheRestrictiveAttributiveClause限制性定语从句TheNon-RestrictiveAttributiveClause非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句的练习1.Hehassmoothlyenteredakeymiddleschool,_______makeshisparentsveryhappy.2.MrKing,______legswerebadlyhurt,wasquicklytakentohospital.3.Hesaidhehadnobike,________wasnottrue.whichwhosewhich4.WeshallmakeadecisionaboutMsKing,______storyIhavejusttoldyou.5.MrSmith,_______gaveatalkseveralmonthsago,willcomeagain.6.Myunclehascomebackfromabroad,________Ihaven’tmetforalongtime.whosewhowhom三、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别

1．限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句的关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开。限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词常可省略。如：a)Whatisthenameofthetallwomanwhoisstandingthere?

站在那边的那个女人叫什么名字?b)Torontoisacity(that)I'vealwayswantedtovisit.多伦多是我常想去参观的一个城市。2．非限制性定语从句和主句关系不十分密切，只是对先行词作些附加的说明,如果去掉,主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开，一般不用that引导。非限制性定语从句中，关系词不可省略。如：a)Rome,whichisthecapitalofItaly,hasaverylonghistory.

意大利的首都罗马历史非常悠久。b)YesterdayImetProfessorKing,whocamefromtheUniversityofLondon.昨天我遇见金教授，他从伦敦大学来的。3.关系代词whom在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可用who代替whom，但在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时不可用who来代替。eg.Thisisthegirlwhom/whoImetinthestreet.这是我在街上遇到的女孩。eg.Ayoungmanhadanewgirlfriend,whomhewantedtoimpress.一个年轻的小伙子新交了一个女朋友，他想给她留下深刻印象。限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句表意功能形式修饰先行词修饰先行词或整个句子无逗号与主句不分开有逗号与主句分开使用时可以用that和why

引导使用时不能用that和why引导与主句语意关系紧凑，定语从句不能删除与主句语意关系松散，定语从句可以删除Comparing（昨天来过这里的那个男人又来了。）（这个男人昨天来过这里，他又来了。）b)Theman,whocamehereyesterday,hascomeagain.a)Themanwhocamehereyesterdayhascomeagain.GroupOne试比较Grouptwoa)Hewillwearnoclotheswhichwillmakehimdifferentfromothers.

他不会穿一些使他显得与众不同的衣服。b)Hewillwearnoclothes,whichwillmakehimdifferentfromothers.

他不穿衣服，这会使他显得与众不同。四、as引导定语从句，多与as,so,such和thesame连用，在从句中作主语或宾语。

1.Suchpeopleasyoudescribearerarenowadays.2.Let’sdiscussonlysuchquestions

asconcerneveryoneofus.

3.Wouldyoupleasebuymethesamenovelas

youboughtforbrotheryesterday,Mum?4.Asweallknow,Johnisanhonestman.比较：

SheworethesamedressthatsheworeatMary’swedding.

关系代词as和which(在从句中作主语、宾语和表语)as和which所代表的都是整个句子所表示的内容时。有两点不同之处：

as与which的区别高考资源网1.在位置上，as引导的非限制定语从句可位于主句后面,前面和中间；而which引导的非限制定语从句只能位于主句之后。Asweallknow,Taiwanbelongsto/china.Taiwan,asweallknow,belongstoChina.TaiwanbelongstoChina,asweallknow.2.在意义上，as常译为“正如...”，“就像...”，which常译为“这一点”（并不绝对）常用在习语asanybodycansee,asisknowntoall,aswehadexpected,asoftenhappens,asIremember,asisoftenthecase.（as常用于beknown/expected/announced/reported/shown等结构中）Heisoftenlate,asisknowntoall.Ourteam,aswehadexpected,defeatedtheirsinthefootball.Asweallknow,hestudiesveryhard.

3.在搭配上，在与

as代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时，从句中的谓语必须是系动词或行为动词的被动式，而which则用行为动词的主动式。

例如：Itrainedhardyesterday,____preventedmefromgoingtothepark.A.thatB.whichC.asD.itChoosetherightanswer.1.Asmanychildren____cameweregivensomecakes.A.thatB.asC.whoD.whom2.Thevisitorssawrowsofhousestheroofs____arered.A.onwhichB.ofwhichC.whereD.that3.Iusuallytakeanapafterlunch,____ismyhabit.A.whichB.asitC.asD.that√√√4.Pleasetellmetheway____youdidthejob.A.howB.whereC.whichD.inwhich5.Isthismuseum_____someGermanfriendsvisitedthedaybeforeyesterday?A.theoneB.whichC.thatD.where6.Thefarmeruseswoodtobuildahouse_____tostoregrain.A.inwhichB.whereC.thatD.withwhich

√√√7.Ishallneverforgettheyears_____Ispentinthecountrywiththefarmers,_____hasagreateffectonmylife.A.when;whichB.that;whichC.when;thatD.which;that8.Littlehasbeendone_____ishelpfultoourwork.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.allthat√√9.Perhapsthisistheonlymarket____youcangetsuchcheapgoods.A.thatB.ofwhichC.bywhichD.where10.We’llputofftheoutinguntilnextweek,____wewon’tbesobusy.A.whenB.whichC.atwhichD.inthat√√1.Thethoughtofgoingbackhomewas_____kepthimhappywhilehewasworkingabroad.A.thatB.allthatC.allwhichD.which2.TheBeatles,_____manyofyouareoldenoughtoremember,camefromLiverpool.A.whatB.thatC.howD.as高考典例：√√3.We’rejusttryingtoreachapoint____bothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.A.whereB.thatC.whenD.which4.Theownerofthecinemaneededtomakealotofimprovementsandemploymorepeopletokeepitrunning,____m