高考英语真题词义猜测题专练

高考英语真题词义猜测题专练做题方法指导词义猜测题是高考英语阅读题的一种必考题型，难度中等偏上，常用以下方法：根据前后语法关系即根据所在段落、前后句的定语从句限定修饰关系，同位语从句的解释说明关系，代词指代，破折号等语法关系来判断词义。2.注意表逻辑关系的词注意前后句子的转折、因果等关键信息词，如however,therefore,thus等。也可利用同义关系，如namely,similarly等。利用上下文语境根据段落语篇意思，特别是前后两句话语境往往也可猜出词义。4.利用构词法猜词义如un,in,dis表否定，re表“再...”，co表示合作等构词法知识。5．利用背景常识利用日常生活和与文化背景有关的常识可以准确猜测句中生词的含义。真题练习（2020年全国卷I）WhileItendtobuyalotofbooks,thesethreeweregiventomeasgifs,whichmightaddtothemeaningIattachtothem.ButIimaginethat,whilemoneyisindeedwonderfulandnecessary,rereadinganauthor’sworkisthehighestcurrencyareadercanpaythem.Thebestbooksaretheonesthatopenfurtherastimepasses.Butremember,it’syouthathastogrowandreadandrereadinordertobetterunderstandyourfriends.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword＂currency＂inparagraph4referto?A.DebtB.Reward.C.Allowance.D.Facevalue.（2020全国二）Thefurtradekeptnutriacheckfordecades，butwhenthemarketfornutriacollapsedinthelate1980s，thecat-sizedanimalsmultipliedlikecrazy.30.

What

does

the

underlined

word

“collapsed”

in

paragraph

5

probably

mean?A.

Boomed. B.

Became

mature. C.

Remained

stable.

D.

Crashed.（2020全国二）AsIgrewolderandbecameamother,thelibrarytookonanewplaceandanaddedmeaninginmylife.Ihadseveralchildrenandbookswereourmainsource(来源)ofentertainment.Itwasabigdealforustoloadupandgotothelocallibrary,wheremykidscouldpickoutbookstoreadorbookstheywantedmetoreadtothem.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“anaddedmeaning”inparagraph3referto?A.Pleasurefromworkinginthelibrary.B.Joyofreadingpassedoninthefamily.C.Wondermentfromactingoutthestories.D.Acloserbonddevelopedwiththereaders.（2020全国三）Yet“Apes"ismoreexceptionthantherule.Infact,Hollywoodhasbeenhotonliveanimalslately.Onenonprofitorganization,whichmonitorsthetreatmentofanimalsinfilmedentertainment,iskeepingtabsonmorethan2,000productionsthisyear,.Already,anumberoffilms,including“WaterforElephants,""TheHangoverPartI”and"Zookeeper,"havedrawntheangerofactivistswhosaythecreaturesactinginthemhaven'tbeentreatedproperly.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“keepingtabson"inparagraph3probablymean?A.Listingcompletely. B.Directingprofessionally.C.Promotingsuccessfully D.Watchingcarefully.（2019年全国卷I）Buthe’snervous.＂I’mheretotellyoutodaywhyyoushould…should…＂Christripsonthe＂-ld,＂apronunciationdifficultyformanynon-nativeEnglishspeakers.Histeacher,ThomasWhaley,isnexttohim,whisperingsupport.＂…Votefor…me…＂Exceptforsomestumbles,Chrisisdoingamazinglywell.Whenhebringshisspeechtoaniceconclusion,Whaleyinvitestherestoftheclasstopraisehim.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword＂stumbles＂inparagraph2referto?A.Improperpauses. B.Badmanners. C.Spellingmistakes. D.Sillyjokes.（2019·全国卷Ⅱ）Anewreportfound46percentofmealsareeatenaloneinAmerica.Morethanhalf(53percent)havebreakfastaloneandnearlyhalf(46percent)havelunchbythemselves.Onlyatdinnertimeareweeatingtogetheranymore,74percent,accordingtostatisticsfromthereport.Whatarethestatisticsinparagraph2about?A.Foodvariety. B.Eatinghabits.C.Tablemanners. D.Restaurantservice.（2018年全国卷I）Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers,andtheirlanguagestoobecamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies,trade,industrialisation,thedevelopmentofthenation-stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalisationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.29.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“dominant”underlinedinparagraph2?A.Complex. B.Advanced. C.Powerful. D.Modern.（2018年全国卷二）TheCRF'sproduceis“green”，madewithinthecountryanddividedinto10lines,withtheAlcoholSeriesbeingthemostpopular.TheExoticSeries—withSichuanpepper,redbean(豆),cheeseandotherflavors—alsodoeswellandisfuntotaste.Andforchocolate_snobs,_eq\a\vs4\al(whothink)thattheyhaveabetterknowledgeofchocolatethanothers，theConnoisseurSeriesusescocoabeansfromTogo,Cuba,Venezuela,andGhana,amongothers.Thewords“chocolatesnobs”inParagraph3probablyrefertopeoplewho________.A.areparticularaboutchocolateB.knowlittleaboutcocoabeansC.lookdownuponothersD.liketotrynewflavors（2018年全国卷二）Ifyouhavea_juicer,_youcansimplyeq\a\vs4\al(feedin)frozenbananasandsomeberriesorslicedfruit.eq\a\vs4\al(Outcomes)a“soft­serve”creamydessert,tobeeatenrightaway.Thismakesafunactivityforachildren'sparty;theylovefeedingthefruitandfrozenbananasintothetopofeq\a\vs4\al(themachine)andwatchingtheicecreamcomeoutbelow.Whatis“ajuicer”inthelastparagraph?A.Adessert. B.Adrink.C.Acontainer. D.Amachine.（2017年全国卷一）Toconstructaworkingstill,useasharpstickorrocktodigaholefourfeetacrossandthreefeetdeep.Trytomaketheholeinadampareatoincreasethewatercatcher’sproductivity.Placeyourcupinthedeepestpartofthehole.Thenlaythetubeinplacesothatoneendrestsallthewayinthecupandtherestofthelinerunsup—andout—thesideofthehole.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“thewatercatcher”inparagraph2referto?A.Thetube. B.Thestill.C.Thehole.D.Thecup.（2016全国二）·OnceIhadaboywhoworkedexperimentallywithTinkertoysinhisfreetime.Hisconstructionsfilledashelfintheartclassroomandagoodpartofhisbedroomathome.Iwasdelightedatthepresenceofsuchastudent.Herewasanexceptionallycreativemindatwork.HispresencemeantthatIhadanunexpectedteachingassistantinclasswhosecreativitywouldinfect(感染)otherstudents.Encouragingthiskindofthinkinghasadownside.Irantheriskoflosingthosestudentswhohadadifferentstyleofthinking.Withoutfailonewoulddeclare,“ButI'mjustnotcreative.”Whatdoestheunderlinedword“downside”inParagraph4probablymean?A.Mistake. B.Drawback.C.Difficulty. D.Burden.（2016·全国卷Ⅲ·）Therearealsovarietiesdevelopedtosuitspecificlocalconditions.Oneoftheverybestvarieties