新视野大学英语第三版读写教程Book3-unit5电子教案

Unit5WhenworkisapleasurePART1UnderstandingandLearningOverviewThisunitcentersonthetopicofwork-anindispensablepartofindividuallives.Workmayservedifferentpurposesandhavedifferentmeaningstodifferentpeople.TextAargues,bydifferentiatingamongwork,labor,andplay,thatinterestandenjoymentinworkareimportantforthebenefitofbothindividualsandsociety.TextB,bytellingusastoryofashoemakerandtheauthor,stimulatesthoughtsonbuildingatraditionofworkingwithpride,self-esteem,andresponsibility.Alloftheseelements,asshowninbothtexts,cannotbeachievedinajobthatisdonemerelyforthesakeofmoney.Concerningthewritingstyle,TextAisdevelopedmainlybymeansofcontrasts,whichareeffectivelyusedtohighlight,pointbypoint,thedifferencesbetweenworkersandlaborers.TextB,bymeansofnarrationthroughtheuseofthefirstperson“I”andwithdetaileddescriptionandlivelyconversations,givesthereadersastrongfeelingofbeingpersonallyonthescene,andachievestheeffectofgreatvividness.Inorderforstudentstogetastrongunderstandingoftheunitthemeandfosteragoodattitudetowardwork,theteachershouldencouragethought-provokingdiscussionsandactivities.Thetopicsforthediscussionsmayincludewhywework,howwecanfosterloveforwork,howweachievehappinessatwork,etc.Possibleactivitiesarepeerinterviews,retellingofTextB,questionnairesurveytogaugethehappinesslevelofaspecificoccupationandtoworkouthowtoachievegreaterhappinessatwork.SectionAWillyoubeaworkeroralabor?Backgroundinformation1continuingeducationContinuingeducationreferstotheeducationforadults,usuallyinclassesthatareheldintheeveningandespeciallyonsubjectsthatarerelatedtotheirjobs.2experientiallearningExperientiallearningistheprocessofmakingmeaningfromdirectexperience.Itislearningthroughreflectionondoing,whichisoftencontrastedwithrotelearning(死记硬背).Experientiallearningfocusesonthelearningprocessfortheindividua1.Anexampleofexperientiallearningisgoingtothezooandlearningthroughobservation1andinteractionwiththezooenvironment,asopposedtoreadingaboutanimalsfromabook.Thus,onemakesdiscoveriesandexperimentswithknowledgefirsthand,insteadofhearingorreadingaboutothers’experiences.Detailedstudyofthetext1Inasocietywhereslaveryinthestrictsensehasbeenabolished,thesocialindicationsaroundwork,thevalueofworkandthesalary,havedegradedmanylaborersintomodernslaves-“wageslaves”.(Para.1)Meaning:Inasocietywhereslavery,strictlyspeaking,hasbeenputtoanend,thesocialstatusofwork,thevalueofworkandthesalary,havemademanylaborersbecomemodernslaves-“wageslaves”.★degrade:vt.treatsb.withoutrespectandmakethemloserespectforthemselves贬低(某人);羞辱(某人)Theexaminationsupervisorwarnedstudentsnottodegradethemselvesbycheatingontheexam.监考老师警告学生不要在考试中舞弊,以免自取其辱。Note“Wagesslaves”herereferstothosewhoworkforthemerepurposeofearningawage.2Peopleareconsideredlaborersiftheirjobhasanadverseeffectonthem,yettheyfeelcompelledtocontinueworkingbythenecessityofconformingtosocietalexpectationsandearningtherevenuetosupportthemselvesandtheirfamilies.(Para.2)Meaning:Peopleareconsideredlaborersiftheirjobhasabadornegativeeffectonthem,buttheyareforcedtoworkbecausetheywanttomeettheexpectationsofthesocietyandearnsomemoneytosupportthemselvesandtheirfamilies.★adverse:a..notgoodorfavorable不利的;反对的;反面的Economistsfearthatanyconflictbetweenthetwocountriescouldhaveadverseeffectsonglobalfinancialmarkets.经济学家们担心两国之间的任何冲突都可能对全球金融市场产生不利影响。★conform:vi.(~to/with)obeysth.suchasaruleorlaw遵照;遵守;服从Thecityhasafewmodernbuildingsinthecentralareawhichdonotconformwiththestyleofthecity’soverallcharacter.该城市中心区域有一些现代建筑跟城市的整体风格特点不相符合。★revenue:n［.U］moneythatabusinessororganizationreceivesoveraperiodoftime,esp.fromsellinggoodsorservices(公司、机构的)收益,收入2Aspokesmanforthefinancedepartmentsaidcostsgenerallyrisewhenrevenueincreases.财务部门的发言人说收益增加成本通常会增加。Notesocietal:a.relatingtosocietyorthewaysocietyisorganized社会的Intime,humansbegantodevelopsocietalorganizationsthateventuallywouldbecomewhatweknowastownsandcities.经过一段时间之后，人类开始形成社会组织，这些社会组织最终发展成为我们所知道的乡镇和城市。3Thepolaroppositeoflaborisplay.(Para,2)Meaning:Playiscompletelyoppositetolabor.★polar:a.1)(~opposite/extreme)sth.thatisthecompleteorexactoppositeofsth.else完全相反;正好相反Johnsaidhe’dvoteforthecandidateevenifhisbeliefswerethepolaroppositeofhisown.约翰说即便候选人的观点与自己的相左,他也将投票给该候选人。2)closetoorrelatingtotheNorthPoleortheSouthPole地极的;近地极的;极地的Themeltingofthepolaricecapsandtheriseinthesealevelareonlythemostcommonlycitedeffectsofclimatechange.极地冰盖融化以及海平面上升只是最常被提及的气候变化的后果。4Whenweplayagame,weenjoywhatwearedoing,butitisapurelyprivatepastime;…(Para.2)★pastime:n.[C]sth.thatyoudobecauseyouthinkitisenjoyableorinteresting消遣;娱乐Torelievethestresscausedbyherjob,sheturnedtopainting,apastimeshehadlovedsincechildhood.为了缓解工作引起的压力,她开始画画,这是她自儿时起就喜欢的消遣。5Betweenlaborandplaystandswork.(Para.3)Meaning:Workliessomewherebetweenlaborandplay.NoteHereweareremindedofwhatismentionedintheprecedingparagraph“Thepolaroppositeoflaborisplay”.6Peoplearelabeledasworkersiftheirpersonalinterestscoincidewiththejobssocietypaysthemtodo;whatisnecessarylaborfromthepointofviewofsocietyisvoluntaryplayfromtheindividual’spersonalpointofview.(Para.3)Meaning:Peopleareregardedasworkersiftheirpersonalinterestsagreewiththe3jobssocietypaysthemtodo;whatisnecessarylaborfromtheperspectiveofsocietycanmeanvoluntaryplaytoaworker.NoteThelaborrequiredinajobisvoluntaryplaytoworkersbecausetheyshowinterestinit,enjoywhattheyaredoingandfindpleasureinit;justasiftheywereplayingagame.★coincide:vi.(~with)1)(ofideas,opinions,etc.)bethesameorverysimilar(想法、意见等)相同,相符,极为类似Indeed,theState’sinterestsmaynotcoincidewiththoseoftheindividual.的确,国家利益可能与个人利益不一致。2)(oftwoormoreevents)takeplaceatthesametime(两件或更多的事情)同时发生Herarrivalcoincidedwithourdeparture.她到来之时正逢我们离开。★voluntary:a.donewillinglyandwithoutbeingforced自愿的;自动的Everydecisionismadeofaperson’sfreewill,andisvoluntary,unlessitiseffectedbycompulsion.每项决定都是基于个人意愿,属自愿性质的,除非有强制要求。Notepointofview:n.aparticularwayofthinkingaboutorjudgingasituation视角；角度Howdoesyourpointofviewsquarewithwhatsomeofyourcolleagueshavesaid?你的观点与你—些同事的意见在多大程度上—致?7Whetherajobistobedesignatedaslabororworkdepends,notonthejobitselfbutonthetastesoftheindividualwhoundertakesit.(Para.3)Meaning:Whetherajobissobeconsideredaslabororworkdepends,notonthejobitself,butontheverypersonwhodoesithadinterestinitornot.★desinate:vt..1)(fml.)(~sb./sth.as)givesb.orsth.aparticularname,title,ordescription把⋯定名为;授予⋯称号;把⋯描述为WhenresidentswantedtodesignatetheElkRiverasaheritagesite,themineskilledtheproposal.当居民们想把埃尔克河确定为文化遗产时,该提议却被众多的矿井给毁掉了。2)(~sb./sth.as)formallychoosesb.orsth.foraparticularpurpose任命;选定;选派Awillallowspeopletodesignatesomeoneasreceiveroftheirpropertywhentheydie.遗嘱使人们可以指定其去世后财产由谁继承。8Thedifferencedoesnot,forexample,correlatewiththedifferencebetweenamanualandmentaljoborbetweenjobsofloworhighesteem;…(Para.3)4Meaning:Thedifferencelaborandworkhasnoconnectionwiththedifferencebetweenamanualandmentaljoborbetweenjobswhichgetloworhighrespectandadmiration.★correlate:v.(~with)iftwoormorefacts,ideas,etc.correlateoryoucorrelatethem,theyarecloselyconnectedtoeachotheroronecausestheother(使)相互关联RisingtemperaturesandtheassociatedearlierspringsnowmeltwithincreasingamountsandsizeofwildfiresinthewesternUnitedStates.气温升高及其所导致的春季融雪提前与美国西部数量日益增多、规模日益增大的山火是有关联的。★esteem:n.[U]afeelingofrespectforsb.,oragoodopinionofsb.尊敬;敬重Heisheldinhighesteembycolleagueintheconstructionindustry.他受到建筑业同行的高度尊重。vt.(fml.)respectandadmiresb.orsth.尊敬;敬重Employeequalitiessuchasbeingcooperativeandindustriousareoftenesteemedbymanagers.员工的合作、勤奋等品质常常为经理们所推崇。9Workersarethereforemorepronetodedicatemoretimetoworking,takingtoolittleleisureratherthantoomuch.(Para.4)Meaning:Workersarethereforemorelikelytospendmoretimeinworking,andtheywillspendextremelylittleamountoftimeonrelaxation.★prone:a.likelytodosth.orsufferfromsth.,esp.sth.badorharmful易于发生某事(尤指不好或有害的事)的;很可能⋯的;有⋯倾向的Mostchildrenarepronetojunkfood.多数孩子喜欢吃垃圾食品。★dedicatevt.1)useaplace,time,money,etc.onlyforaparticularpurpose(为某一目的而)使用Thenewspaperdedicatedthreewholepagestopicturesoftheprincess.报纸用了三个整版刊登王妃的照片。2)giveallyourattentionandefforttooneparticularthing致力于;献身于Thenewpresidentsaidshewoulddedicateherselfprotectingtherightsofchildren,theoldandthehomeless.新总统说她将致力于保护儿童、老人和无家可归者的权利。10Tolaborers,ontheotherhand,leisuremeansautonomyfromcompulsion,soitisnaturalforthemtoimaginethatthefewerhourstheyhavetospendlaboring,andthemorehourstheyhavefreeforplay,thebetter.(Para.4)5Meaning:Tolabors,ontheotherhand,leisuremeanscompletefreedomfromwhattheyareforcedtodoorwhattheyhavetodo;so,itisnaturalforthemtothinkthatitisbetteriftheyspendlesstimeonlaborandmoretimeonplay.★autonomy.[U]1)theabilityoropportunitytomakeyourowndecisionswithoutbeingcontrolledbyanyoneelse自主能力;自主Geneticengineeringmaythreatenprivacy,killautonomy,makesocietylookandbealike,anddestroytheconceptofhumannature.基因工程可能威胁隐私,扼杀自主权,使社会千篇一律,并且破坏人性这一观念。2)freedomthataplaceoranorganizationhastogovernorcontrolitself自治;自治权Theyarewillingtogivethisdistrictmoreautonomy,butnotindependence.他们愿意给该地区更多的自治权,但不会让其独立。Notecompulsion:n.[sing.,U]theactofforcingorinfluencingsb.todosth.theydonotwanttodo,orthesituationofbeingforcedorinfluenced被()强制；(被)强迫Whowouldundertakesuchadifficulttaskwithoutcompulsion?如果不是强制性的,谁会去承担这样—项困难的任务?11Theywillalsoworkwithmorediligenceandprecisionbecausetheyhavefosteredasenseofpersonalprideintheirjobs.(Para.5)Meaning:Theywillalsoworkharderandmoreaccuratelybecausetheyhavedevelopedasenseofpersonalprideintheirjobs.★precision:n.[U]thequalityofbeingveryexactorcorrect精确(性);准确(性)Toimprovetheprecisionofgenetesting,scientistneededtospellouttheactualDNAsequenceofdisease-fosteringgenes.为了提高基因测试的精度,科学家们需要阐明致病基因的DNA序列。★foster:vt.heIpaskill,felling,idea,etc.developoveraperiodoftime促进;培养;助长Allclassroompracticewillbegearedtoencouragingandfosteringnotonlystudents’learninghabitsbutalsostudents’creativity.所有的课堂实践都将不仅鼓励和培养学生的学习习惯,还鼓励和培养其创造力:12Ontheotherhand,laborers,whosesoleincentiveisearningtheirlivelihood,feelthatthetimetheyspendonthedailygrindiswastedanddoesn’tcontributetotheirhappiness.(Para,5)Meaning:Ontheotherhand,laborers,whoseonlymotiveismakingaliving,feelthatthetimetheyspendontheboringdailyworkiswastedanddoesn’tbringthemhappiness.6★incentive:n.[C,U]sth.thatencouragesyoutoworkharder,startanewactivityetc.刺激;动力;鼓励Mygirlfriend’sinterestinmyjobgavemeanincentive,soIworkedtwiceashard.女友对我工作的兴趣给了我动力,因此我加倍努力。★livelihood:n.[C,U]thewayyouearnmoneyinordertolive生计Itwasthelackofabasiclivelihoodthatcompelledtheoppressedtofightfortheirsurvival.正是由于无法维持基本的生计才迫使被压迫者为自身的生存而抗争。13Insteadofvaluingallhoursoftheirdayasenjoyableandproductivehours,theygaugeonlythetimespentinleisureandplayasmeaning.(Para.5)Meaning:Insteadofregardingall24hoursoftheirdayasenjoyableandproductivehours,theybelievethatonlythetimethattheyspendinleisureandplayismeaningful.★gauge:vt.makeajudgmentorguessaboutasituation,action,orpersonbasedontheinformationthatyouhave(根据所掌握的信息)估计,判断Ifyouwanttogaugepublicopinionaboutthewar,lookatthelocalmediacoverageconcerningthedeathsofthesoldiers.如果你想判断舆论对这场战争的看法,看看当地媒体有关士兵牺牲的报道吧。n.[C]aninstrumentformeasuringthesizeoramountofsth.测量仪器;计量器;量规Agasolinegaugeshowstheamountofgasolineleftinacar.油表显示汽车剩余的油量。14Unfortunately,laborersarealltoocommonplace,andonlyasmallpercentageofthepopulationisintheluckypositionofbeingworkers.(Para.5)Meaning:Unfortunately,laborersaresocommonthattheycanbeseenalmosteverywhere,andonlyasmallpercentageofthepopulationisluckytobeworkers.★Commonplace:a.happeningorexistinginmanyplaces,andthereforenotspecialorunusual平常的;平凡的;不足为奇的Paidvacationsoftwoweeksorlongerareacommonplacebenefitinmanycompanies.两周或更长的带薪假期在很多公司都是常见的福利。15Inrecentdecades，technologicalinnovationandthedivisionoflaborhavecausedmajoreconomicchangesbyeliminatingtheneedforspecialstrengthorskillinmanyfieldsandhaveturnedmanypaidoccupationswithenjoyableworkintoboringlabor.(Para,6)7Meaning:Inrecentdecades,theimprovementsintechnologyandthedivisionoflaborhavecausedgreateconomicchanges.Peopledonotneedspecialstrengthorskillanymoreinmanyfields.Manypaidjobswithenjoyableworkhavebecomeboringlaborroutine.★innovation:n.1)[U]theintroductionofnewideasormethods革新;创新Thedutyofeveryteacheristoencouragecreativityandinnovationintheclassroom.每个老师在课堂上的职责都是鼓励创新。2)[C]anewidea,method,orinvention新观念;新方法Thosewell-meaningpeoplewhohavetriedtointroduceinnovationsinschoolshavecomeupwithagainstconsiderableresistancefromteachers,studentsandparentsalike.那些善意的人们尽力将一些新观念引入学校,但在老师、学生和家长中都遇到了相当大的阻力。16Increasingproductivitywithautomatedmachines,suchasrobots,hasreducedthenumberofnecessarylaboringhours.(Para.6)Meaning:Withtheuseofmachineswhichcanautomaticallydotheworkforpeople,suchasrobots,productivityhasincreasedandthenumberofnecessarylaboringhourshasaccordinglydecreased.★automate:vt.startusingcomputersandmachinestodoajob,ratherthanpeople使自动化Theengineerusedacomputerprogramhehadcreatedtoautomatedownloadingofprogramupdates.该工程师用自己设计的电脑程序自动下载程序更新。★automated:a.usingcomputersandmachinestodoajob,ratherthanpeople自动化的Oneproposedsolutiontothegrowingproblemofaccidentscausedbytiredtruck,mayperhapsbeanautomatedhighwaysystem.车司机疲劳驾驶引起的事故越来越多,一个提议的解决方案可能就是自动化高速公路系统。17Itispossibletoimagineanupcomingsocietyinwhichthemajorityofthepopulationwillhavealmostasmuchleisuretimeasinearliertimeswasenjoyedbythemedievalaristocracy.(Para.6)Meaning:Itispossibletoimaginethatinasocietyofthenearfuture,mostofthepeoplewillhavealotofsparetime,whichwouldbesimilartotheamountoftimeforplayenjoyedbyaristocratsinmedievaltimes.8★upcoming:a.(only)happeningsoon即将来临的;即将发生的IfeelveryconfidentabouttheupcomingdebatebecauseIbelievethatIcandefeatmyopponent’sargumenteasily.我对即将到来的辩论充满信心,因为我相信我能轻松驳倒对方的观点。★medieval:a.connectedwiththeMiddleAges(=theperiodbetweenaboutAD1100and1500)中世纪的;中古时期的Ihaveseenmedievalmanuscriptsinwhichonewordisspelledfourdifferentwaysonasinglepage.我看过中世纪的手稿,同一页上一个单词竟然有四种拼写方法。18Themedievalaristocratshadanabundanceofleisuretimebutoftenwasteditintrivialpursuitofgamesandfashion.(Para,6)Meaning:Themedievalaristocratshadalargeamountofleisuretimebutoftenwasteditonsuchinsignificantthingsasplayinggamesandfollowingthelatestfashion.19Likewise,modern-daylaborerswithtoomuchleisuretimemayfinditdifficulttorefrainfromtheaddictiveandtrivialpursuitsofcelebritygossip,extravagantfashion,andexcessivevideogamesandTV-similarbadhabitsthatwastevaluabletime.(Para,6)Meaning:Similarly,laborersofmodernday,whohavetoomuchleisuretime,mayfindithardtostopdoingsuchinsignificantthingsastalkingaboutprivateaffairsoffamouspeople,andspendingalotofmoneyonfashionandtoomuchtimeonvideogamesandTVshows.Thesebadhabitswillequallywastevaluabletime.★refrain:vi.(~from)(fml.)notdosth.thatyouwanttodo克制;抑制;忍住Internationalfinancialexpertscommittedtorefrainfromcompetitivedevaluationofourcurrenciesanddecidetopromoteastableandwell-functioninginternationalmonetarysystem.国际金融专家承诺不使我们的货币出现竞争性贬值并决定要促进建立稳定完善的国际货币体系。★addictivea.1)anactivitythatisaddictiveissoenjoyablethatyoudonotwanttostop使人入迷的;使人沉溺的Itellmostpeopletoavoidcollectingantiques,asitistooexpensiveandaddictive.多数人不要收集古童,因为它太费钱,而且让人沉迷其中。2)ifasubstance,esp.adrugisaddictive,yourbodystartstoneeditregularlyandyouareunabletostoptakingit使人成瘾的Doctorssaythatrelyingontheseelectronicdevicescanhavethesameaddictiveeffectsonusersasdrugsandalcohol.9医生说依赖这些电子设备会跟毒品和酒精一样让使用者上瘾。★gossip:n.[U]informationthatispassedfromonepersontoanotheraboutotherpeople’sbehaviorandprivatelives,oftenincludingunkindoruntrueremarks流言蜚语;闲言碎语;传闻Whenhegottotheofficethenextday,hefoundhimselfatargetofveryunkindgossip,which,ofcourse,madehimquiteangry.当他第二天去办公室时,他发现自己成了闲言碎语的对象,这当然让他很愤怒。★extravagant:a.spendingorcostingalotofmoney,esp.morethanisnecessaryormorethanyoucanafford奢侈的;挥霍的Howisshepayingforherextravagantholidaywithhermodestincome?她的微薄收入怎么能为她奢华的假期埋单?20However,it’snotnecessarytotakesuchatoxicattitudetowardsuchapositivethingasleisuretime.(Para.7)Meaning:However,it’snotnecessarytotakesuchanegativeattitudetowardleisuretime,whichis,afterall,apositivething.★toxic:a.containingpoison,orcausedbypoisonoussubstances有毒的;由有毒物质引起的Thenewlyreleasedvariantoftheexistingcancerdrug,scientistshavefound,isdirectlytoxictonervecell.科学家已经发现,新发布的现有抗癌药物的新品种对神经细胞有直接的毒害。21Lifelonglearningcanmakethedifferencebetweenbeingbored,unhappylaborersandworkerswhofindmeaningandjoyintheiremploymentandlife.(Para.7)Meaning:Lifelonglearningwillmakepeoplebecomeworkerswhofindmeaningandjoyinbothjobandprivateliferatherthanmakethemdull,unhappylaborers.22"Continuingeducation″or〃experientiallearning″canofferanarrayofclassesfrompleasantdiversionssuchassports,artclassesormusictoleadershipdevelopmentadvancedaccountingskills,orCAD(computer-aideddesign),tonameonlyafew.(Para,7).Meaning:“Continuingeducation”or“experientiallearning”canprovideyouwithanumberorclassesormusictoleadershipdevelopment,advancedaccountingskills,orCAD,justtomentionafewexamples.★array:n.[C,usu.sing]agroupofpeopleorthings,esp.onethatislargeorimpressive大群;大堆;大量Thecenterprovidesanarrayofservicesincludingsurgery,rehabilitationandpain10management.该中心提供大量的服务,包括外科手术、康复和疼痛治疗等。★division:n.[C,U]1)anenjoyableactivitythatyoudotostopyourselffrombecomingbored消遣；娱乐Weinsistonrequestingchallengingactivitieseveninourdivisions,becausewithoutchallenges,therecanbenogame.我们坚持认为，即使是娱乐活动也要有挑战性，因为没有挑战，就无所谓游戏。2）achangeinthedirectionoruseofsth.,ortheactofchangingit转向；转移Amagician’stalkcreatesadiversionofattentionsothatpeopledonotseehowhedoeshistricks.魔术师说话会转移人们的注意力，这样就没人注意他是如何变魔术的。★tonameonly/butafew:usedafterashortlistofthingsorpeopletosaythattherearemanymoreyoucouldmention略举几例Theinternationalcommunityisalsoofferingassistance,includingtheUnitedStates,FranceandChina,tonameonlyafew.国际社会也在提供援助，略举几例，如美国、法国和中国。Noteexperiential:a.(infml.)relatingtoorbasedonexperience与经验有关的；由经验得来的Surprisingly,manyparentsfeeltheymissedexperientialmusic-makingactivitiesintheiryouthandwanttolearnaboutmusicinthewaytheirchildrenarelearning.令人吃惊的是，很多家长觉得他们年轻时错过了体验式音乐创作的活动，现在想以他们的孩子学习音乐的方式去学习音乐。23Theyhurltheirpassionintotheirwork,beitphysicallyliketheworkofasmith,ormorementallikethatofascientistoranartist.(Para.8)Meaning:Theyputtheirpassionintotheirwork,whetheritisphysicallyliketheworkofasmith,ormorementallikethatofascientistoranartist.★hurl:vt.throwsth.usingalotofforce猛投；用力掷Hewasknockedoutbyastonehurledathimfromtheothersideoftheroad.他被一块从马路另一边掷来的石头击倒了。NoteThewordsmithhererefersto“blacksmith(铁匠，锻工)”.SentencestructureNotebeit…or…表示“无论…还是…”。例如：Thepublicdonatesmoneytoourcauseandforthevictimsofdisasters,beitnatural,suchasearthquakes,orman-made,suchasoilspills.公众为我们的事业捐款为灾难受害者捐款,无论是地震之类的自然灾难,还是石油泄漏之类的人为灾难。1124Evenpurelymentalworkcansufficeasanoutlet,asaptlyexpressedbythephrase“sinkingone’steethintoaproblem”.(Para.8)Meaning:Evenpurelymentalworkcanbeenoughforthemtoexpressandreleasetheirenthusiasm,asiswellexpressedbythephrase“sinkingone’steethintoaproblem”.★suffice:vi.(fml.)beenough足够;满足要求Oneexampleshouldsufficetoillustratemypoint.一个例子足以阐明我的观点。★apt:a.exactlyrightforaparticularsituationorpurpose适当的;恰当的Whichisthemostaptdescriptiondependsonthepointorpurposeofaskingthequestion.哪种描述最适合取决于提出问题的出发点或目的。★aptly:ad.(~named/described/called,etc.)named,described,etc.inawaythatseemsverysuitable恰当地命名/描述/称呼等Indeed,ifthereisasinglewordthatwouldveryaptlydefineMonk’smusic,it’sfreedom.的确,如果有一个词能恰如其分地描述蒙克的音乐,那就是“自由”.★sinkone’steethintosth.:(infml.)starttodosth.withalotofenergyanddetermination精力充沛地开始处理某事;专注于做某事PlayingthepartofQueenVictoriaisthekindofrolethatismadeforyou,thekindofroleyoucansinkyourteethinto.维多利亚女王这个角色就是为你而设,是一个你能倾情投入的角色。25Laborersareslavingawayatajobtheydon’tenjoyforasmallmonetaryreward,waitingalldayuntiltheygohomeandplay.(Para.9)Meaning:Laborersareworkinghardatajobforasmallamountofmoneythoughtheydon’tenjoythatjobatall.Theyarealwayswaitingjustfortheirturntogohomeandplay.★slaveaway:workveryhard拼命干;苦干Afterslavingawayatthecomputerkeyboard,youthenstillhavetowritenotationsignbyhand,theold-fashionedway.辛辛苦苦用电脑键盘输入后,你还得按老办法手工写上注释符号。★monetary:a.(onlybeforenoun)relatingtomoney,esp.allthemoneyinaparticul