Unit+5+What+are+the+shirts+made+of+语法讲练 人教版英语九年级全册

Unit5Whataretheshirtsmadeof?语法精讲精练一、一般现在时的被动语态语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。汉语往往用"被"、"受"、"给"等词来表示被动意义。

翻译：他打开了这扇门。（主动语态）_____________________________________这扇门被他打开了。（被动语态）___________________________________

（一）一般现在时被动语态的构成。动作的承受者作句子的主语，动作的执行者置于句末，用by连接，也可省略，谓语部分由_________________________构成，因此一般现在时被动语态的基本结构为____________________________________________________________（二）一般现在时被动语态的句型变化：肯定句主语+be+过去分词+（by+动作的执行者）茶树被种植在山坡上。_____________________________________________________否定句__________________________________________________我们的教室没有打扫。_____________________________________________________一般疑问句__________________________________________________你的T恤衫是由棉花制成的吗？_____________________________________________________特殊疑问句特殊疑问词（不作主语）+be+主语+过去分词+（by+动作的执行者）这架飞机模型是由什么制成的？_____________________________________________________特殊疑问词（不作主语）+be+过去分词+（by+动作的执行者）哪个是你做的？_____________________________________________________（三）、被动语态的用法：

1、不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。翻译：这座桥是去年建造的。___________________________________________2、当更加强调动作的承受者时。此时动作的执行者由by引导置于谓语动词之后，不需要时可以省略。翻译：老虎被他杀死了。________________________________________________当动作的执行者不是人时，多用被动语态。如：

翻译：窗户被风吹开了。________________________________________________4、表示客观的说明常用"Itis+过去分词."句型。翻译：据说露茜已经走了。___________________________________________________

其它常见的"Itis+过去分词+that"句型还有

Itisreportedthat…据报道Itissaidthat…据说Itisbelievedthat…大家相信Itissuggestedthat…有人建议（四）、运用被动语态时要注意的情况。(1)therebe没有被动语态。(2)不及物动词没有被动语态。(3)动词短语变为被动语态时应视为一个整体，不能随意拆开或省略。Thedoctorlookoverthepatientcarefully(变为被动语态)____________________(4)主动句中宾语为反身代词时，不能变为被动语态。翻译：他自学英语___________________________________________.(5)使役动词（let,make等）和感官动词（see,hear,watch等）在主动语态中用不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，但变为被动语态时，to不能省略。IheardLinTaosingEnglishsongs.(变为被动语态)________________________（五）、主动语态变为被动语态.（1）将主动句的宾语变为主语：

注意：如果主动句的宾语是代词，需将其由宾格变为主格。Tomkilledhim.→_________________________________（2）将动词改为"be+过去分词"。Theyheldameetingyesterday.→__________________________________________

（3）将主动语态的主语改为be…放在谓语动词后。

注意：如果原主语是代词，则应由主格变为宾格。Hesangasong.→__________________________________________（六）、各种时态的被动语态举例（以动词do为例）

1．一般现在时（am/is/are+done）翻译：学生们每天都打扫教室。__________________________________________________________________

2．一般过去时(was/were+done)

翻译：杯子被那个男孩打碎了。_________________________________________________________________

3．一般将来时与过去将来时(will/shallbe+done;would/shouldbe+done)

翻译：明年要修一条新马路。__________________________________________________________________

4．现在进行时与过去进行时(am/is/arebeing+done;was/werebeing+done)

5．现在完成时(have/hasbeen+done)（七）、含情态动词的被动语态的结构为：情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词。翻译：今天你的家庭作业必须完成。_____________________________________________________________________注意：被动语态口诀：找到宾语变主语/be动词在后面补/过去分词紧跟上/by加主语可有无/介宾介词不可省/有些动词还原to。二、辨析bemadeof/bemadefrom/bemadeby/bemadeinbemadeof该短语表示“某物由……制造而成”（从制成品中可以看出原材料）。我的t恤衫是棉质的。_________________________________________________bemadefrom该短语也表示“某物由……制造而成”（从制成品中一般看不出或难以分辨出原材料）。纸是由木头制作而成。_________________________________________________bemadeby该短语表示“某物由某个人或集体制造而成”，其中介词by用来强调动作的执行者。这个模型飞机是我们爸爸做的。_________________________________________________bemadein该短语表示“某物由某地制造”。这台电脑是由日本生产的。_________________________________________________练习：（）Booksaremade_________paperwhilepaperismainlymade_________wood.A.of;ofB.from;fromC.of;fromD.from;of三、辨析befamousfor/befamousas/befamousto.befamousfor“因…而出名”，后接出名的原因。成龙因他的动作片而闻名。_______________________________________________________befamousas“作为…而出名”,后接表示身份或地位等的名词。成龙作为一名演员而闻名。_______________________________________________________befamousto“对…而言是著名的”，后接表示范围的名词。成龙世界闻名。_______________________________________________________练习：Dandongisabeautifulcity,it’sfamous______________itsriceandseafood.被动语态专项练习：一、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。1.It'ssaid(据说)thatthelongbridge_____________________（build）intwomonths．2.Whichlanguage_____________themostwidely______________（speak）intheworld？3.Lastyearalargenumberoftrees______________（cut）down．4.Thestudents_____________often______________(tell)totakecareoftheirdesksandchairs.5.Theoldmanisill.He_________________________(mustsend)tothehospital.6.Vegetables,eggsandfruits_______________________(sell)inthisshop.7.What_________knives___________(make)of?They___________________(make)ofmetal(金属)andwood.8.Canthemagazine___________________(take)outofthelibrary?9.Theroom_______________________(clean)bymeeveryday.

10.Thestarscan’t_______________________(see)inthedaytime.

11.Someflowers__________________________(water)byLiMingalready.

12.Thiskindofshoes_______________________(sell)well.

13.Howlong______________youruncle______________(be)inthecity?二、按要求改写下列句子.。

1.IsteagrowninSouthChina？（改为主动语态）_____________people_______________teainSouthChina？2.Iamgivenabirthdaypresentbymyparentseveryyear．（同义句转换）Abirthdaypresent_____________

____________

__________

___________bymyparentseveryyear．3.Theworkisgoingtobefinished

intwodays.

(对划线提问)How___________

_____________theworkgoingtobefinished?

4.ThechildrenwillsinganEnglishsong.(改为被动语态)AnEnglishsong_________________________________bythechildren.

5.Youneedn'tdoitnow.(改为被动语态)It___________

____________

___________byyounow.

6.Peopleusemetalformakingmachines.(改为被动语态)

Metal__________________________________________makingmachines.

7.Hemademedothatforhim.(改为被动语态)

I____________

__________________________

______________thatforhim.

8.Theyarewatchingthefootballmatch.Thefootballmatch____________

___________

_________

bythem.Didtheybuildabridgehereayearago?(改为被动语态)

__________abridge____________herebythemayearago?

10.Theyhavesoldoutthelightgreendresses.(改为被动语态)

Thelightgreendresses_____________

_____________

_____________out.11.Wecallthegame“Lianliankan”.(改为被动语态)Thegame__________

___________“Lianliankan”byus.三、把下列句子改为被动语态

1.Isawtheboyrunyesterday.

_______________________________________2.Hetoldmethathewouldcomebacksoon.

___________________________3.Doyouwateryourflowerseveryday?

__________________________________4.Thewindblewdownthebigtreelastnight.

_____________________________5.TheywouldnottakehimtoBeijing.

____________________________6.Nobodyknewmeint