四川省绵阳市高中2021届高三上学期第一次诊断性考试英语试题含解析

学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精四川省绵阳市高中2021届高三上学期第一次诊断性考试英语试题含解析绵阳市高中2018级第一次诊断性考试英语本试卷分为试题卷和答题卡两部分,其中试题卷共12页；答题卡共2页。满分150分，考试时间120分钟.注意事项:1。答题前,考生务必在答题卡上将自己的学校、班级、姓名用0。5毫米黑色签字笔填写清楚,同时用2B铅笔将考号准确填涂在“考号”栏目内。2。选择题使用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡对应题目标号的位置上，如需改动，用橡皮擦擦干净后再选涂其它答案；非选择题用0。5毫米黑色签字笔书写在答题卡的对应框内,超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。3.考试结束后将答题卡收回.第一部分听力（共两节,满分30分）回答听力部分时，先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1。5分，满分7。5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题并阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt？A。£19.15。B.£9。18。C。£9.15.答案:C。1.Wheredidtheconversationtakeplace？A。Onaplane.B。Onatrain。C。Onabus.2。Whatdidthemando?A。Hecookedacake。B.Hetookatest.C.Hefixedawashingmachine。3.What’stheman'suncle?A.Ateacher.B。Aboss.C。Aneditor.4。Whattimeisitnow?A。9：40。B.9：45.C.9:50.5.Whatisthewoman'ssuggestionfortheman?A。Listentomusic。B.Starthisownbusiness。C。Tryhisluckatthesupermarket.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间.每段对话或独白读两遍.听第6段材料，回答第6、7题.6.Whatcouldthemanmostprobablybe？A。Ataxidriver.B.Apoliceman。C。Ahotelclerk。7。Wheredoesthewomanthinkshelosthercellphone?A.Inapark。B.Inasupermarket.C.Inataxi。听第7段材料,回答第8至9题.8.Whataretheytalkingabout?A.Schooltrips.B。Greatpaintings.C.Climatechanges.9.Whichplacedidthegirlgotolastyear？A。Amuseum。B.Asportcentre。C。Agarden.听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。10.Whatisthewoman?A.Astudent。B。Ateacher.C.Abusinesswoman。11.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofherChinese？A。Betterthanbefore。B。Unabletospeakit。C.Asgoodasherownlanguage。12.What’sthewoman'sadviceforpeoplegoingabroad？A。Workhard。B。Bepatient.C.Don'tbeafraidofbeinglaughedat。听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13。Whydidthemanfailtoanswerthecallyesterday?A.Hedidn'theartheringing.B。Hewastalkingwithothers。C。Hedidn’tansweritintime.14。Whatdidthemandoyesterdaymorning？A。Hemetsomerepresentatives.B.Heworkedonareport.C.Heattendedameeting.15。Whatdidthewomandoyesterdaymorning？A。TalkedtoTom。B。Hadameeting.C。Receivedacustomer.16.Whataretheytalkingaboutintheend？A。Thewoman’sresearch。B.Theman’sreport.C.Theirboringday.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhatwastheRenaissancemainlyabout?ATheLatinlanguage。B。TheChristianreligion。C。Artsandscience。18.HowlongdidtheRenaissancelast?A.About200years.B。About300years。C。About400years.19。Whatdoestheterm”Renaissanceman"mean?A。Someonedoingmanythingswell。B.SomeonelivinginItalyinthepast.C。Someonebeingveryfamousthroughouthistory.20.WhatisDaVincibestknownfor?A。Hispaintings。B.Hisinventions.C.Hissongs.第二部分阅读理解（共两节,满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D）中,选出最佳选项.并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。ACOMMONTYPESOFDRUGSCocaineAwhitepowderydrugobtainedfromtheleavesofcocaplant。Ingeneral，abusersmayexperiencesleeplessness,lossofappetite,aggressivebehavior，depression,illusion(幻觉）aswellashighbloodpressureandracingheartbeat.Repeatedintakeswillseverelydamagetheimmunesystemandresultindeath.MorphineAsanextract(提取物）ofopium，Morphineiswidelyusedasapainkillerbydoctors。However，itishighlyaddictiveandabusersmayexperienceparanoia，illusionandmentaldisorders。Excessivedosesmaycausedeathofbreathfailure。HeroinAhighlyaddictivedrugmadefrommorphine。Itrapidlycausesaddiction,damagestheimmunesystem,andcausesitchyskin,reducedappetite,irregularheartbeatandbloodpressure。Repeatedinjectionatthesamesitecausesveinstocollapse。DeathcanoccurfromoverdosesanddiseasessuchasAIDScanbeacquiredfromsharingneedles.MarijuanaComingfromthecannabissativaplant,Marijuanagoesbyavarietyofnicknamessuchas:dope，grass,pot,weedandMaryJane。Abuserswillexperiencehunger,increasedtalkativeness,mildillusionandslowreactionsafterconsumption。Long-termabuserscommonlysufferfromhormonaldisorderandsmoking—relateddiseases.CoughmedicineCommerciallyproducedcoughmedicinescontainvaryingamountsofCodeine.SmalldosesofcodeineeffectivelyrelievecoughsymptomsbutabuseofCodeinecanleadtoaddiction.CoughMedicineabusersmaysufferfromsleepiness,drymouth,difficultytourinate（排尿)，light-headedness，lossofappetiteanditchinessoftheskin.Depressionandconfusionarealsocommonsideeffects.Drugsdestroylivesandfamiliesandcostsocietydearly。Cherishyourlifeandstayawayfromdrugs!1。Howmanydrugsmentionedabovecankillpeople?A。2. B.3. C。4. D。5.2.WhatdoesMorphineandCoughmedicinehaveincommon?A.Theyarebothdeadly.B.Theymaycausegreatdepression。C。Theycanbeusedtotreatdiseases。D。Theywilldamageourimmunesystem.3。Whatdoestheauthorintendtodowiththispassage?A。Tointroducetousdifferentkindsofdrugs。B。Tocallonustokeepawayfromdrugs。C.Towarnusofthegreatharmofdrugs.D。Totellussomestoriesaboutdrugs。【答案】1。B2.C3.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了常见的毒品及其危害.【1题详解】细节理解题。在Cocaine段落中提到“damagetheimmunesystemandresultindeath损害免疫系统并导致死亡";在Morphine段落中提到“maycausedeathofbreathfailure可能导致呼吸衰竭死亡”；在Heroin段落在提到“Deathcanoccurfromoverdosesanddiseases死亡可能是由于过量使用而引起”,由此可知,这三种毒品均会导致死亡.故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。在Morphine段落中提到“Morphineiswidelyusedasapainkillerbydoctors吗啡被医生广泛用作止痛药"；在Coughmedicine段落中提到“Smalldosesofcodeineeffectivelyrelievecoughsymptoms小剂量可待因能有效缓解咳嗽症状"，由此可知,这两种毒品均对某些疾病有效果.选项C“Theycanbeusedtotreatdiseases。它们可以用来治疗疾病.”符合题意。故选C项。【3题详解】推理判断题。文章主要介绍了几种毒品,在文章的最后作者提到“Cherishyourlifeandstayawayfromdrugs!珍惜生命，远离毒品!”就可以推断出作者的写作目的。选项B"Tocallonustokeepawayfromdrugs。呼吁我们远离毒品。符合题意故选B项。【点睛】

BWhatmakesoneagreatperson？ThelegendaryvolleyballcoachLangPinggavetheanswerintherecentdocumentaryTheIronHammer，titledafterhernicknameforherpowerfulstrikes.ThedocumentaryfeaturesLang'sinspiringjourneyfromhergoldmedalvictoryasavolleyballplayerinthe1984Olympicstoherunparalleled（无可比拟的）careerasasuccessfulcoachforbothTeamUSAfrom2005to2008andChinasince2013。SheledtheUStoasilvermedalfinishandChinatoagoldmedaltriumphinthe2008and2016OlympicGames，makingherthefirstpersontowinOlympicvolleyballgoldasaplayerandcoach。LangPingrevealedthesecrettosuchremarkableachievementsinthedocumentary.“Ibelievevolleyballwasmydestiny，"shesaid。Butgloryandchallengesgohandinhand.Troubledbysevereinjuriestohercervicalvertebra（颈椎），back,waistandknees，causedbyintenseexerciseandhardwork，the60-year—oldhasundergonemorethan10surgeries。“Nopartsofmybodyfunctionwell,”shejoked。ButillnessiscertainlynottheonlydifficultyLanghasfacedthroughouthercareer。In2005，shestruggledwithbalancingraisingherdaughterLydiaBaiLang,wholivedintheUS，andhercoachingcareer，accordingtoChinaSportsDaily.SheeventuallydecidedtoworkforUSAVolleyballthatyearandthisdecisionarousedalotofnegativecommentsbackinChina。“I’mproudofbeingChinese.”Langrespondedinaninterview.Later，shereturnedtoheadtheChinesewomen’svolleyballteamin2013，leadingtheteamsuccessfullydefendingitsWorldCupcrownwithaperfectrecordof11straightwinslastyear.ThereisnodoubtthatLangisoneofthegreatestplayersandcoachesinhistory.Asanathletecommentedinthedocumentary,“LangPingislikeMichaelJordaninourminds."4.Whatdoesthispassagemainlytalkabout？A。Waystobecomeagreatperson.B.ReasonsforLangPing'ssuccess.C.LangPingandhersuccessfulcareer。D。Greatathletesandtheirachievements。5。WhydidLangPinggotoworkforUSAVolleyballin2005？A.Tomakeabigfortune。B.Totakecareofherfamily.C.Toavoidnegativecomments。D。Toestablishherreputationabroad.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph4probablymean？A.Successcomesataprice.B.Challengesareasimportantasglory.C。Athletesarelikelytogettheirhandsinjured.D.LangPinghastroubleinachievinghergoals.7。WhyisMichaelJordanmentionedattheendofthepassage?A。Tohonorthelegendarypopstar.B.Todrawtheattentionofreaderstoanotherfield.C.Toillustratetherearelotsofgreatpeopleintheworld。D.ToacknowledgeLangPing’sstatusandachievements.【答案】4。C5.B6。A7。D【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲了郎平和她成功的事业。郎平付出了许多努力，才获得了今天瞩目的成就，大家对她评价很高，认为她是人们心目中的迈克尔·乔丹。【4题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Whatmakesoneagreatperson?ThelegendaryvolleyballcoachLangPinggavetheanswerintherecentdocumentaryTheIronHammer,titledafterhernicknameforherpowerfulstrikes.”（是什么让一个人成为伟大的人？传奇女排教练郎平在最近的纪录片《铁榔头》中给出了答案。《铁榔头》以郎平的绰号命名，郎平因为她的强力击球而得此绰号）结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要讲了郎平和她成功的事业.故选C。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“In2005，shestruggledwithbalancingraisingherdaughterLydiaBaiLang，wholivedintheUS，andhercoachingcareer,accordingtoChinaSportsDaily.SheeventuallydecidedtoworkforUSAVolleyballthatyearandthisdecisionarousedalotofnegativecommentsbackinChina.”（据《中国体育报》报道，2005年,她在抚养住在美国的女儿LydiaBaiLang和自己的教练生涯之间挣扎。那年，她最终决定为美国排球队工作，这一决定在国内引起了很多负面评论）可知2005年郎平去美国排球队工作是为了照顾她的家庭。故选B.【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词后的部分“Troubledbysevereinjuriestohercervicalvertebra（颈椎），back,waistandknees，causedbyintenseexerciseandhardwork，the60—year—oldhasundergonemorethan10surgeries。“Nopartsofmybodyfunctionwell,”shejoked.”（由于剧烈运动和艰苦工作，她的颈椎、背部、腰部和膝盖严重受伤，60岁的她已经经历了10多次手术。“我身体的任何部位都不能正常工作，”她开玩笑说）可知郎平在取得瞩目成就的同时，也因繁重的工作得了许多疾病。由此推知,第四段中划线句子的意思是“成功是有代价的”。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“ThereisnodoubtthatLangisoneofthegreatestplayersandcoachesinhistory。Asanathletecommentedinthedocumentary,“LangPingislikeMichaelJordaninourminds.”(毫无疑问，郎平是历史上最伟大的球员和教练之一.一位运动员在纪录片中评论道:“郎平就像我们心目中的迈克尔·乔丹。”）可推知，在文章的最后提到了迈克尔·乔丹是肯定郎平的地位和成就.故选D.CTheunforgettablecharactersareoftentheonesthatwecanidentifywith。ChibiMaruko—chan(樱桃小丸子），themaincharacterfromtheJapaneseanimeseriesofthesamename，isoneofthem。Maruko—chanisaprimaryschoolgirlwhooftenmakesmistakesandputsherselfindifficultsituations。Yet，forthosewhowereborninthe1980sand1990s，ChibiMaruko—chanhelpedthemtofeelbetteraboutthemselvesasakid。Butastheseyoungpeoplegrewup,Maruko—chan，didnot.Lastmonth，however，MomokoSakura,thecreatorofthepopularcartoonseries，passedawayattheageof53。“Ifeelsosadaboutherdeath，whichcametooearly,”wroteSoichiAida,editor-in—chiefofRibbonmagazine,whichfirstpublishedChibiMaruko—chanin1986。“ButthebrightsmilesofMaruko-chanandherfriendswillkeepshininginthemindsofreaders。”Unlikemanypopularcharacters，Maruko-chanisn'tpretty，nordoesshehaveanykindofspecialability。Infact,she’slazyandhatestodochores.Butthisiswhatmakeshersopopularamongsomanypeople,youngandold.”Marukoisnotperfectandownsallthequalitiesofa9-year-oldgirl—she'snaughty，funny,andoccasionallydepressed。Sheisafraidofexamsandleavesherhomeworkuntilthelastdayoftheholiday,”reportedChinesewebsiteH。Later，asMaruko-changraduallylearnsthewaysoftheworld,shecomesacrossalotofproblems,butherintelligencehelpsherout。Thecarefreegirlisknownforherfunnyyetwisesayings，suchas，”Leavehappinesstothelastinabittersweetlife，"and＂Self-relianceisthesecrettoconsistenthappiness."Maruko-chan’sfacialexpressionsarealsowhatstayinviewers’minds.Whenevershefeelsawkward,linessuddenlyappearonherface，orsometimesanunexpectedgustofwindwillblowaboveherhead.Theseexpressionsshowherrealfeelingswhenshe’sinanuncomfortableenvironment,whichmostyoungpeoplecanrelateto.ThoughMaruko—chanhasalwaysbeenagrade—threestudent,herideaofbeingtruetoherselfteachesusalot.Hercreatormaybegone,butMaruko—chan’sspiritandattitudewillliveonformanymoreyears.8.WhatisChibiMaruko-chanknownfor？A.Hergoodlooksandlaziness.B.Herintelligenceandoccasionaldepression。C.Herspecialabilitiesandconsistenthappiness。D。Herfacialexpressionsandinterestingsayings.9.WhatcanwelearnaboutSoichiAidaaccordingtothepassage？A.SheisabigfanofJapanesecartoons。B。ShespeakshighlyofMomokoSakura.·C.SheisthecreatoroftheRibbonmagazine.D.ShethinksChibiMaruko-chanisoutofdate.10.WhyisMaruko-chansopopularamongsomanypeople?A。Becausesheisperfectineveryway.B.Becauseshecontributestoouremojis。C。Becauseshemirrorswhatlittlegirlsreallyare。D.Becauseshehassomespecialabilitiestomakepeoplelaugh.11。Whatcanweinferfromthispassage?A.ChibiMaruko—chanteachesusalotaboutlife。B.ChibiMaruko-chandiesattheendofthecartoonseries。C。ChibiMaruko-chanisthemostfamousanimeseriesinJapan。D。ChibiMaruko—chanisfarbetterknowninChinathaninJapan。【答案】8。D9。B10.C11。A【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。介绍了樱桃小丸子的作者樱桃子去世，但是樱桃小丸子这个令人难忘的角色温暖了八十和九十年代的人.【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段的“Thecarefreegirlisknownforherfunnyyetwisesayings这位无忧无虑的女孩以她有趣而明智的金句而闻名”和第七段的“Maruko-chan'sfacialexpressionsarealsowhatstayinviewers'minds。樱桃小丸子的面部表情也是留在观众脑海中的东西”可知，樱桃小丸子因她的面部表情和有趣的金句出名。故选D。【9题详解】推理判断题.根据第四段的SoichiAida写的“Ifeelsosadaboutherdeath，whichcametooearly我对她的死感到很难过，这来得太早了”和“ButthebrightsmilesofMaruko—chanandherfriendswillkeepshininginthemindsofreaders.但Maruko-chan和她朋友们的灿烂微笑将继续在读者的脑海中闪耀。”可推断，SoichiAida高度赞扬Maruko—chan。故选B.【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段的“Unlikemanypopularcharacters,Maruko-chanisn'tpretty,nordoesshehaveanykindofspecialability.Infact,she’slazyandhatestodochores.Butthisiswhatmakeshersopopularamongsomanypeople,youngandold.和许多人气角色不同的是,小丸子并不漂亮,也没有什么特殊能力。事实上，她很爱偷懒，也不喜欢做家务。但这也正是老老少少这么多人都喜欢她的原因。"可推断,小丸子如此受人们欢迎的原因是她反映了一个真实的小女孩是什么样子。故选C。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“ThoughMaruko—chanhasalwaysbeenagrade-threestudent,herideaofbeingtruetoherselfteachesusalot.Hercreatormaybegone,butMaruko-chan’sspiritandattitudewillliveonformanymoreyears.尽管小丸子一直都只是个上三年级的小学生,但她做自己的想法却教会了我们不少东西。她的作者虽然离世，但小丸子的精神和心态将会长存.”可推断樱桃小丸子教会了我们关于生活的许多东西，例如做自己.故选A.【点睛】推理判断题失分的一个主要原因是同学们看着题目不知道去文章的什么地方找出题点，定位点找不对即浪费了解题时间，也得不出正确答案。其实此种题型就是在考查对段落中心的理解,所以大家需要熟知段落中心的考点标记,从而快速将文章中的出题点信息和选项间进行比对、匹配。吻合段落中心意思的为解。DHumansarenostrangerstowidespreadviruses，andeachtimeavaccine(疫苗）isdeveloped,itgivesushopeforthefuture。Now，theworldiswaitingforavaccinetofightCOVID-19.Scientistsworldwidehavebeenrollinguptheirsleevestoworktowardaneffectivenovelcoronavirusvaccine。Underthecoordination（协调）oftheWorldHealthOrganization（WHO)，upto172countrieshavebeenengagingwiththe"largestandmostdiverseCOVID-19vaccineportfolio”，aplanknownastheCOVAXGlobalVaccinesFacility.COVAXisasystemforjointpurchasingandbalancingtherisksofmultiplevaccines.Whenavaccineprovestobesafeandeffective，allcountrieswithinthefacilitywillbeabletoaccessit，accordingtoXinhua。Theplanisaimedtoensurethatallcountries,nomattertheireconomicstatus，cangetthevaccineinatimelymannerwhenoneisavailable.Italsomakessurethatpriceswillbekeptaslowaspossible。＂Anumberofvaccinesarenowinthefinalstageofclinicaltrials,"saidWHODirector—GeneralTedrosAdhanomGhebreyesusonAug24，addingthatthegoalofCOVAXistodeliveratleast2billiondosesofavaccinebytheendof2021.AccordingtotheWHO，atpresent,ninepotentialvaccinesarepartoftheportfolio.ToguaranteetheequalaccessandfairassignmentofCOVID—19vaccinestheWHOhassaidthattheworldneedstopreventvaccinenationalism—countriesputtingtheirowninterestsaheadofothersintryingtosecuresuppliesofapossiblevaccine.＂Vaccinenationalismonlyhelpsthevirus,"Tedrossaid，warningthatitwouldleadtoaprolongedpandemic(疫情）ifonlyasmallnumberofcountriesgotmostofthesupply.＂Likeanorchestra,weneedallinstrumentstobeplayedinharmonytocreatemusicthateveryoneenjoys，”hesaid.Vaccinedevelopmentlookspromising，asseveralcountrieshavemadegreatprogress。RussiabeganproductionofitsfirstbatchofaCOVID-19vaccineonAug15,accordingtoitshealthministry.It'stheworld’sfirstregisteredvaccine。FourChinesevaccinecandidateshavestartedinternationalstage-3clinicaltrials。12.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.RussiaisthefirstcountrytohavemadeprogressinfightingCOVID—19.B.COVAXensuresallthecountriesgetthevaccineatthesametime。C。WHOplaysanimportantroleinfightingCOVID-19。D.Scientisthaveproduced2billiondosesofvaccines.13.What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardsvaccinenationalism？A。Supportive。B.Critical。C.Optimistic。D。Sympathetic14。TedroscomparedfightingCOVID—19toanorchestrato________。A。showhisdeeploveformusicB。makethepassagemoreinterestingC。illustratethesimilaritiesinbetweenD.stresstheimportanceofcooperation15。Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext？A。UnitedforvaccineB。VaccineonthewayC。FightingagainstCOVID—19D.SaygoodbyetoCOVID-19【答案】12。C13.B14.D15.A【解析】这是一篇说明文.文章讲述全球须共同应对新冠疫情，防止“疫苗民族主义”。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Vaccinedevelopmentlookspromising，asseveralcountrieshavemadegreatprogress.RussiabeganproductionofitsfirstbatchofaCOVID-19vaccineonAug15，accordingtoitshealthministry。（随着一些国家取得了巨大的进展，疫苗开发看起来很有希望。俄罗斯卫生部称，俄罗斯于8月15日开始生产第一批COVID—19疫苗。）”可知,文章中只是说俄罗斯开始生产新冠疫苗，并没有说俄罗斯是第一个在对抗新冠疫情上取得进步的国家，所以选项A错误；根据第5段“Theplanisaimedtoensurethatallcountries，nomattertheireconomicstatus，cangetthevaccineinatimelymannerwhenoneisavailable.Italsomakessurethatpriceswillbekeptaslowaspossible。（该计划旨在确保所有国家,无论其经济状况如何，都能在有疫苗的情况下及时获得疫苗。这也确保了价格将尽可能保持在最低水平。）”可知，选项B.COVAX确保所有国家同时接种疫苗,描述错误；根据第三段“Underthecoordination（协调）oftheWorldHealthOrganization（WHO）,upto172countrieshavebeenengagingwiththe”largestandmostdiverseCOVID—19vaccineportfolio”，aplanknownastheCOVAXGlobalVaccinesFacility。”可知,在世界卫生组织的协调下，多达172个国家参与了“最大和最多样化的COVID—19疫苗组合",这是一个被称为COVAX全球疫苗基金的计划。由此可知，选项C,世界卫生组织在对抗COVID-19中扮演着重要角色，正确;根据第6段“thegoalofCOVAXistodeliveratleast2billiondosesofavaccinebytheendof2021。（COVAX的目标是在2021年底前提供至少20亿剂疫苗.）可知,选项D的描述错误。故选C。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第四段“ToguaranteetheequalaccessandfairassignmentofCOVID—19vaccines，theWHOhassaidthattheworldneedstopreventvaccinenationalism—countriesputtingtheirowninterestsaheadofothersintryingtosecuresuppliesofapossiblevaccine。(为了确保COVID-19疫苗的平等获得和公平分配，世界卫生组织表示，世界需要防止疫苗民族主义——各国在试图确保可能的疫苗供应时，将自身利益置于他人之上。）和倒数第三段“＂Vaccinenationalismonlyhelpsthevirus,”Tedrossaid，warningthatitwouldleadtoaprolongedpandemic(疫情)ifonlyasmallnumberofcountriesgotmostofthesupply.（“疫苗民族主义只会帮助病毒，"Tedros说，并警告说，如果只有少数国家获得大部分疫苗供应，就会导致长期的大流行.）可知,结合作者文章的描述可知，作者对疫苗民族主义持批判的态度.故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Likeanorchestra，weneedallinstrumentstobeplayedinharmonytocreatemusicthateveryoneenjoys（就像管弦乐队一样,我们需要所有的乐器和谐地演奏，才能创造出每个人都喜欢的音乐）”可知,Tedros将抗击新冠肺炎比作乐队，目的是强调合作的重要性。故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题.阅读文章内容，根据倒数第四段“ToguaranteetheequalaccessandfairassignmentofCOVID—19vaccines，theWHOhassaidthattheworldneedstopreventvaccinenationalism-countriesputtingtheirowninterestsaheadofothersintryingtosecuresuppliesofapossiblevaccine.（为了确保COVID-19疫苗的平等获得和公平分配，世界卫生组织表示，世界需要防止疫苗民族主义——各国在试图确保可能的疫苗供应时,将自身利益置于他人之上。）和倒数第二段“＂Likeanorchestra，weneedallinstrumentstobeplayedinharmonytocreatemusicthateveryoneenjoys，”hesaid.（就像管弦乐队一样,我们需要所有的乐器和谐地演奏,才能创造出每个人都喜欢的音乐)”可知，本文讲述在应对新冠疫情时，全球人们需要团结一致，通力合作，才能战胜疫情。故选A。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项.选项中有两项为多余选项。Atsomepointwhenyouwereachild,atrustedadultlikelytoldyouthatifyouheldaseashelluptoyourear,you’dheartheocean.___16___Seashellsarenotspecialcapsulesthathavestoredthesoundsoftheirnativehomes.Butwhatexactlyisthatrushingsoundyou'rehearing?___17___“Thesoundofanemptyshellhelduptotheeariscreatedbyechoes（回声）fromsoundsmadeintheenvironment。”GeeratJ.Vermeil,adistinguishedprofessorofEarthandPlanetarySciencesattheUniversityofCalifornia，toldus。___18___Otherstructureswithopenings，likeemptybowlsorbottles,canproducesimilarsounds。“Whenthenoisearoundushitstheinternalsurfaceofthishardseashell，multiplereflectionoccurs，”saidVermeil.“Whetheryouholdaseashellorthemouthofanemptybowlaroundyourear,youexperiencetheocean-likesoundqualityasaresultofaphenomenoncalled“resonance."___19___Itsaysthatyou’rehearingthesoundofyourownrushingbloodinyourbody.Butscientistsalsoclarifythatitdoesn’tchangewithvariationofpulseorbloodpressure.“Allthisisperhapsabitunimportant，butamoreinterestingquestioniswhatcontrolsthefrequenciesofechoes”Vermeiladded，indicatingthatthere’saneedforfurtherresearchintoshape,volumeandshellthicknessinrelationtopitch.___20___Actually，ifyouputashelltoyourearonthebeach，thesoundsyouhearwillincludepartlysomeoceannoises。A.Thesamegoesforshells.B。Theanswerislessmystical。C。Thiseffectisnotlimitedtoshells.D。Nowyouprobablyknowthatthisisnottrue。E.Scientistsareworkinghardtofindtheanswer.F。Maybetheoriginalmythisnotcompletelyfalse.G.There’sanotherexplanationfortherushingsoundinaseashell。【答案】16.D17。B18.C19。G20。F【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章通过贝壳回声介绍了一种回声共振现象。【16题详解】根据下文“Seashellsarenotspecialcapsulesthathavestoredthesoundsoftheirnativehomes.”（贝壳并不是用来储存家乡声音的特殊容器。）可知，上文所说的“。..ifyouheldaseashelluptoyourear,you’dheartheocean."（如果你把贝壳放在耳边，你就能听到海洋的声音）很可能不是真实的.选项D起承上启下的作用。故选D项。【17题详解】根据上文“Butwhatexactlyisthatrushingsoundyou’rehearing?”（但是你到底听到了什么急促的声音？）的提问，以及后文的回答可知，这里选项B是对答案特点的描述。故选B项。【18题详解】根据下文“Otherstructureswithopenings，likeemptybowlsorbottles，canproducesimilarsounds。”（其他有开口的结构，如空碗或空瓶，也能发出类似的声音。）以及上文对“贝壳回音”的介绍可知,其他有开口的结构和贝壳一样也能发出类似的声音。空格处用“Thiseffectisnotlimitedtoshells。”（这种效应不仅限于贝壳），合乎逻辑，语义通顺。故选C项。【19题详解】根据上文Vermeil教授所解释的这是aphenomenoncalled“resonance.”（一种叫做共振的现象）和下文“Itsaysthatyou'rehearingthesoundofyourownrushingbloodinyourbody.”（它说你听到的是你自己身体里奔腾的血液的声音.)可知,两种解释并不一致，故本段开头应该是“对于贝壳中的急促声音还有另外一种解释”.故选G项。【20题详解】根据上文Vermeil教授对“贝壳回声”另一种解释，和下文“Actually,ifyouputashelltoyourearonthebeach,thesoundsyouhearwillincludepartlysomeoceannoises。”（事实上,如果你在海滩上把贝壳放在耳边,你听到的声音中会有一部分是海洋的声音。）可知,文章最后又回到了开头所说的“最初的神话传说”。故选F项。【点睛】七选五题型要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握.所以懂得整篇文章的基本结构或段落的语篇结构对解题很有用.如本文第1题中，把握文章的上下文逻辑联系，通过上文对“神话传说”的介绍，以及下文对传说科学的否定，可知选项D“Nowyouprobablyknowthatthisisnottrue.”（现在你很可能已知道这不是真的）是正确答案。第三部分英语知识运用第一节完型填空（共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Intheprocessofcelebratingmy60thbirthdaywitha60daykindnesschallenge，Igotthegreatestbirthdaysurprisefrommydaughters。WhentheyaskedmewhatI___21___formybirthday，Isaid，”pleasedoa___22___actforsomeoneinmy___23___”Theytookitway___24___Theygotin___25___withallmyfriendsandfamilymembersandaskedthemtodothe___26___thingIhadaskedofthem，asmybirthday___27___.Thentheyaskedthemto___28___themaftertheyhaddonetheir___29___andtellthemwhattheyhaddone。Theyalsoaskedtheirfriendstodothesame.Onmybirthday，Iwaspresentedwitha____30____scrapbook(剪贴簿）filledwithpicturesandallthekindnessactswrittenoutintheirownwords,____31____mewhattheyhaddoneandhowitmadethemfeel。The"acts”rangedfrom____32____frequentflyermiles（飞行积分）sosomeonecouldvisittheirmom，shorteningshowers'duration(长度)tohelpwiththewater____33____，bringinganelderlyneighborcoffeeinthemorning,stoppingtobuya____34____personlunch，____35____ataRedCrossblooddrive,tomany，manyotherbeautifulgestures.Icannottellyouhow____36____Iwasbythisgift,andevenmoretouchedthattheiryoungadultfriendswould____37____withsuchloveandenthusiasm。Icannot____38____abettergift.Isharethisstorywiththe____39____thatmanyabeautiful”someone”passesonthisidea.Thejoyofitis____40____!21.A。wanted B.planned C。recommended D。suspected22。A.brightness B。kindness C.happiness D.politeness23。A。reputation B。belief C.honor D。trust24.A。farther B。deeper C.bigger D。greater25.A。trouble B.agreement C。touch D.tune26.A.various B。precious C.meaningful D.same27。A.present B.promise C。contribution D。sacrifice28。A。talkto B.writeto C。stareat D.lookafter29。A。behaviour B。responsibility C。matter D.act30.A。simple B.complicated C。gorgeous D。various31.A.warning B。reminding C.telling D.explaining32。A.providing B。donating C.lending D.objecting33.A.shortage B。pollution C。impact D。disaster34.A.fearless B。homeless C.selfless D.careless35。A.practising B.instructing C.monitoring D.volunteering36.A。disturbed B。satisfied C.touched D。disappointed37.A.demonstrate B。illustrate C.propose D.participate38。A。lookinto B.thinkof C。makeout D.pickup39.A.hope B.decision C.fact D.opinion40.A.challenging B。fascinating C。appealing D.astonishing【答案】21。A22.B23.C24.A25。C26。D27.A28.B29。D30.C31。C32。B33。A34。B35.D36。C37。D38.B39。A40。D【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者要求女儿们做些善事来庆祝他60岁生日，而她们让更多的人参与。作者对这样的礼物很是感动，并希望将这个想法不断地传递下去。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她们问我想要什么生日礼物时。A.wanted想要；B.planned计划;C.recommended推荐；D。suspected怀疑。女儿们问作者想要什么生日礼物.故选A。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为我庆祝请为我做一件善事。A.brightness明亮；B。kindness善良；C.happiness幸福;D.politeness礼貌。根据“Intheprocessofcelebratingmy60thbirthdaywitha60daykindnesschallenge，Igotthegreatestbirthdaysurprisefrommydaughters.”可知，作者要求女儿们为他做一件善事.故选B。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为我庆祝请为我做一件善事。A.reputation名声;B。belief信念；C.honor荣誉；D。trust相信。inone'shonor为纪念，为庆祝……。为了庆祝作者的生日,要求女儿们为他做一件善事。故选C.【24题详解】考查形容词比较级词义辨析。句意：她们走得更远。A。farther更远的；B。deeper更深的;C.bigger更大的;D。greater更伟大的。这里指女儿们将这件事情做得更为深远.指故选A.【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她们联系了我所有的朋友和家人，让他们做我要求她们做的同样的事情,作为我的生日礼物。A.trouble麻烦;B。agreement同意;C.touch接触；D。tune和谐。getintouchwithsb.与某人联系。这里指女儿们联系了作者所有的朋友和家人来参与到这样的事情中。故选C。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们联系了我所有的朋友和家人，让他们做我要求他们做的同样的事情,作为我的生日礼物.A。various不同的；B。precious宝贵的；C.meaningful有意义的；D。same相同的。这里相同的事情即指每个人都去