武汉大学外国语言文学学院《242二外英语》历年考研真题及详解

2015年武汉大学242二外英语考研真题及详解PartI ReadingComprehension(2×20=40%)Directions:Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneThepastagesofmanhaveallbeencarefullylabeledbyanthropologists.Descriptionslike“PalaeolithicMan”,“NeolithicMan”,etc.,neatlysumupwholeperiods.Whenthetimecomesforanthropologiststoturntheirattentiontothetwentiethcentury,theywillsurelychoosethelabel“LeglessMan”.Historiesofthetimewillgosomethinglikethis:“Inthetwentiethcentury,peopleforgothowtousetheirlegs.Menandwomenmovedaboutincars,busesandtrainsfromaveryearlyage.Therewereliftsandescalatorsinalllargebuildingstopreventpeoplefromwalking.Thissituationwasforceduponearthdwellersofthattimebecauseoftheirextraordinarywayoflife.Inthosedays,peoplethoughtnothingoftravellinghundredsofmileseachday.Butthesurprisingthingisthattheydidn’tusetheirlegsevenwhentheywentonholiday.Theybuiltcablerailways,ski-liftsandroadstothetopofeveryhugemountain.Allthebeautyspotsonearthweremarredbythepresenceoflargecarparks.”“Thefuturehistorybooksmightalsorecordthatweweredeprivedoftheuseofoureyes.Inourhurrytogetfromoneplacetoanother,wefailedtoseeanythingontheway.Airtravelgivesyouabird’s-eyeviewoftheworld—orevenlessifthewingoftheaircrafthappenstogetinyourway.Whenyoutravelbycarortrainablurredimageofthecountrysideconstantlysmearsthewindows.Cardrivers,inparticular,areforeverobsessedwiththeurgetogoonandon:theyneverwanttostop.Isitthelureofthegreatmotorways,orwhat?Andasforseatravel,ithardlydeservesmention.Itisperfectlysummedupinthewordsoftheoldsong:“Ijoinedthenavytoseetheworld,andwhatdidIsee?Isawthesea.”Thetypicaltwentieth-centurytraveleristhemanwhoalwayssays“I’vebeenthere.”Youmentiontheremotest,mostevocativeplace—namesintheworldlikeElDorado,Kabul,Irkutskandsomeoneisboundtosay“I’vebeenthere”—meaning,“Idrovethroughitat100milesanhouronthewaytosomewhereelse.”Whenyoutravelathighspeeds,thepresentmeansnothing:youlivemainlyinthefuturebecauseyouspendmostofyourtimelookingforwardtoarrivingatsomeotherplace.Butactualarrival,whenitisachieved,ismeaningless.Youwanttomoveonagain.Bytravelinglikethis,yoususpendallexperience;thepresentceasestobeareality:youmightjustaswellbedead.Thetraveleronfoot,ontheotherhand,livesconstantlyinthepresent.Forhimtravelingandarrivingareoneandthesamething:hearrivessomewherewitheverystephemakes.Heexperiencesthepresentmomentwithhiseyes,hisearsandthewholeofhisbody.Attheendofhisjourneyhefeelsadeliciousphysicalweariness.Heknowsthatsound.Satisfyingsleepwillbehis:thejustrewardofalltruetravelers.1.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Howtouseyourlegsintravel. B.Thebestwaytotravel.C.Therewardoftruetravel. D.Possiblewaystotravel.2.Anthropologistslabelmannowadays“Legless”(line3-4,para1.because_____.A.liftspreventpeoplefromwalkingB.peopleforgethowtousetheirlegsC.peopleprefercars,busesandtrainsD.modernvehicleshavereplacedwalking3.Whiletravelingathighspeeds,_____.A.peoplecangetmorepleasurefromitB.peoplealwaysfocusonnextdestinationC.peoplecanenjoytheviewofthedestinationD.peoplecaremuchaboutthearrangementofthejourney4.Theauthorsays“wearedeprivedoftheuseofoureyes”because_____.A.peoplecan’tgetaclearpictureoftheviewalongB.eyesbecomeuselessintravelingathighspeedsC.peoplewanttosleepduringtravelingD.peoplewon’tusetheireyes5.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellus?A.Legsbecomeweaker.B.Thereisnoneedtouselegsoreyes.C.Modernmeansoftransportationmaketheworldasmallplace.D.Weshouldexperiencethepresentheartandsoulwhiletraveling.【答案与解析】1.B 归纳题。文章第一段和第二段分别讲述了旅行不用脚、不用眼等情况，第三段先批评现代人只知一味向前，现实不再是现实，然后说明用脚旅行才是最佳方式。故文章的标题应为“最佳旅行方式”，所以正确答案应该是B选项。2.D 归纳题。答题信息在第一段，这里提到人们外出就坐车、公共汽车、火车；大楼里有电梯、自动扶梯；即使度假期间，他们筑有缆车道、滑雪索道和路直通山顶的路，所有的风景旅游区都有大型的停车场。现代交通工具代替了人们走路，所以人类学家将之标为“无腿的时代”，故D选项正确。3.B 细节题。由第三段第一句话“Whenyoutravelathighspeeds,thepresentmeansnothing:youlivemainlyinthefuturebecauseyouspendmostofyourtimelookingforwardtoarrivingatsomeotherplace.”可知，当快节奏的旅行时，现在的时光没有任何意义，你主要生活在未来，因为你大部分时间都在盼望到达其他地方。所以B选项“人们总是关注下个目的地”为正确答案。4.A 推理题。答题信息在第二段，这里提到由一地转向另一地，路上你什么也看不到，乘飞机时只能俯瞰世界；乘汽车火车时，只见朦胧景象略过窗子；海上旅行，只看到海。因此A选项“人们不能清楚地看到途中风景”为正确答案。5.D 推理题。通过文章最后一段，可知作者认为真正的旅行应该是全身心地体验旅行。该段倒数第四句话提到“Heexperiencesthepresentmomentwithhiseyes,hisearsandthewholeofhisbody.”，因此D选项正确，A、C两项在文中没有体现，而B选项错误。PassageTwoIfyoufindyourselfwaitinginalongqueueatanairportorbusterminusthisholiday,willyoutrytoanalysewhatitisaboutqueuingthatmakesyouangry?Orwillyoujustgetangrywiththenearestofficial?ProfessorRichardLarson,anelectricalengineerattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,hatesqueuingbutratherthantearhishairout,hedecidedtostudythesubject.Hisfirstfinding,whichbacksupearlierworkattheUSNationalScienceFoundation,wasthatthedegreeofannoyancewasnotdirectlyrelatedtothetime.HecitesanexperimentatHoustonairportwherepassengershadtowalkforoneminutefromtheplanetothebaggagereclaimandthenwaitafurthersevenminutestocollecttheirluggage.Complaintswerefrequent,especiallyfromthosewhohadspentsevenminuteswatchingpassengerswithjusthandbaggagegetoutimmediately.Theairportauthoritiesdecidedtolengthenthewalkfromtheaircraft,sothatinsteadofaone-minutefastwalk,thepassengersspentsixminuteswalking.Whentheyfinallyarrivedatthebaggagereclaim,thedelaywasthenonlytwominutes.Theextrawalkextendedthedelaybyfiveminutesforthosecarryingonlyhandbaggage,butpassengercomplaintsdroppedalmosttozero.Thereason?Larsonsuggeststhatitallhastodowithwhathecalls“socialjustice”.Ifpeopleseeotherstakingashortcut,theywillfindthewaitunbearable.Sointhecaseoftheairport,itwaspreferabletodelayeveryone.AnotheraspectLarsonstudiedwastheobservationthatpeoplegetmorefedupiftheyarenottoldwhatisgoingon.Passengerstoldthattherewillbeahalf-hourdelayarelessunhappythanthoseleftwaitingeventwentyminuteswithoutanexplanation.Butevenknowinghowlongwehavetowaitisn’tthewholeanswer.Wemustalsobelievethateverythingisbeingdonetominimizeourdelay.LarsoncitestheexampleoftwoneighbouringAmericanbanks.Onewashighlycomputerisedandservedacustomer,onaverage,every30seconds.Theotherbankwaslessautomatedandtooktwiceaslong.Butbecausethetellersatthesecondbanklookedextremelybusy,customersbelievedtheservicewasfasterandmanytransferredtheiraccountstotheslowerbank.Ultimately,thefirstbankhadtointroducetime-wastingwaysofappearingmoredynamic.6.Lengtheningthewalkfromtheairporttothebaggagereclaimisto_____.A.tellpeoplehowtoavoidstandinginaqueueB.teachpeoplehowtorelieveangerwhilewaitingC.preventpeoplefromfeelingangrywhilewaitingD.teachpeoplehowtostandinaqueuecomfortably7.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEwithregardtotheHoustonAirportexperiment?A.Whenallthetravelershadtowaitfor2minutes,therewerehardlyanycomplaints.B.Whenthewalkingtimewasextendedto6minutes,therewerehardlyanycomplaints.C.AccordingtoLarson’sstudy,thelongwaitingwasthecauseofannoyance.D.ProfessorRichardLarsonhatesqueuingsomuchthathetearshishairout.8.Thepassageimpliesthat_____.A.peopletendtotrusttheireyesratherthantheirbrainB.peoplewon’tfeelangryiftheyareinformedofeverythingC.it’sunbearablefortheairporttodelayeveryoneD.passengersshouldbeencouragedtocarryhandbaggage9.Thephrase“fedup”inthelastbutoneparagraphmeans_____.A.confusedB.annoyedC.excited D.satisfied10.Customerstransferredtheiraccountstotheslowerbank,because_____.A.customersdidn’ttrustcomputersB.theydidn’tliketheinefficiencyoftheoldbankC.thetellersseemedmoreefficientD.thetellersdideverythingtominimizethedelay【答案与解析】6.C 事实判断题。答题信息在文章第三段最后一句话“Theextrawalkextendedthedelaybyfiveminutesforthosecarryingonlyhandbaggage,butpassengercomplaintsdroppedalmosttozero”，这里提到延长从飞机到行李认领处的距离后，旅客不再抱怨了。因此C选项“防止旅客在等待过程中生气”为正确答案。7.B 细节判断题。由文章第三段第一句话“Theairportauthoritiesdecidedtolengthenthewalkfromtheaircraft,sothatinsteadofaone-minutefastwalk,thepassengersspentsixminuteswalking.”可知，从飞机到行李认领处的走路时间被延长至6分钟，因此B选项正确，同时也可以得知A选项错误。第二段第二句提到“thedegreeofannoyancewasnotdirectlyrelatedtothetime”，因此C选项不正确。通过第二段第一句可知ProfessorRichardLarson“hatesqueuingbutratherthantearhishairout”，因此D项也不正确。8.A 事实推理题。通过文中所举的例子，以及文章最后一句提到的“Ultimately,thefirstbankhadtointroducetime-wastingwaysofappearingmoredynamic.”(最后，第一家也不得不采用费时但看起来更有动态变化的方式)，可以得知作者认为“peopletendtotrusttheireyesratherthantheirbrain”，人们倾向于相信自己的眼睛而不愿意相信自己的头脑。因此A选项为正确答案。9.B 词义判断题。通过下文中提到被告诉时间的人们会“lessunhappy”，可知若不被告诉事情进展，人们可能会更不高兴，因此应该选B项annoyed“恼怒的；烦闷的”。10.C 细节判断题。根据最后一段倒数第二句话“Butbecausethetellersatthesecondbanklookedextremelybusy,customersbelievedtheservicewasfasterandmanytransferredtheiraccountstotheslowerbank.”可知，人们选择实际上更慢的银行是因为那里的出纳员看起来更有效率。PassageThreeAccordingtopsychologists,anemotionisarousedwhenamanoranimalviewssomethingaseitherbadorgood.Whenapersonfeelslikerunningawayfromsomethinghethinkswillhurthim,wecallthisemotionfear.Ifthepersonwantstoremovethedangerbyattackingit,wecalltheemotionanger.Theemotionsofjoyandlovearearousedwhenwethinksomethingcanhelpus.Anemotiondoesnothavetobecreatedbysomethingintheoutsideworld.Itcanbecreatedbyaperson’sthoughts.Everyonehasemotions.Manypsychologistsbelievethatinfantsarebornwithoutemotions.Theybelievechildrenlearnemotionsjustastheylearntoreadandwrite.Agrowingchildnotonlylearnshisemotionsbutlearnshowtoactincertainsituationsbecauseofanemotion.Psychologiststhinkthattherearetwotypesofemotions:positiveandnegative.Positiveemotionsincludelove,liking,joy,delight,andhope.Theyarearousedbysomethingthatappealstoaperson.Negativeemotionsmakeapersonunhappyordissatisfied.Theyincludeanger,fear,despair,sadness,anddisgust.Ingrowingup,apersonlearnstocopewiththenegativeemotionsinordertobehappy.Andifapersonhastheabilitytotacklenegativeemotionssothatheisnotaffectedterriblybytheunhappinessanddissatisfaction,hewillliveabetterlife.Emotionsmaybeweakorstrong.Somestrongemotionsaresounpleasantthatapersonwilltryanymeanstoescapefromtheminordertofeelhappy.Thepersonmaychooseunusualwaystoavoidtheemotion.Theymaychoosedrinkingalcoholoreventakingdrugstomakethemforgetthesadness.However,sometimes,theexcessivewaysofescapingonlyresultintragedy.Strongemotionscanmakeithardtothinkandtosolveproblems.Theymaypreventapersonfromlearningorpayingattentiontowhatheisdoing.Forexample,astudenttakinganexaminationmaybesoworriedaboutfailingthathecannotthinkproperly.Theworrydrainsvaluablementalenergyheneedsfortheexamination.11.Thepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthispassageisto_____.A.defineandclassifyemotionsB.explainhowemotionsfunctionC.showhowpeopleavoidthenegativeemotionsD.explainhowmanykindsofemotionspeoplehave12.Accordingtothepassage,anemotioniscreatedbysomething_____.A.onethinkshelpfulB.onethinkswillhurtC.onethinksbadorgoodD.onefacesintheoutsideworld13.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Babiesarebornwithoutemotions.B.Childrenlearnemotionsastheygrowup.C.Peoplecancopewiththenegativeemotionsinlife.D.Emotionsfallintotwotypesingeneral,weakandstrong.14.Theunderlinedword“drains”inthelastsentencemeans_____.A.stopsB.tiesC.weakensD.flows15.Wecansafelyconcludefromthepassagethat_____.A.dealingwithdifficultiesisoneofman’sinbornabilityB.theeventsofthematerialworldcreateaperson’semotionsC.peoplemaytrytoavoidsuchemotionsasangeranddespairD.astudentmayfailinanexamifhecannotpayattentiontoit【答案与解析】11.A 主旨归纳题。文章第一、二段首先指出情绪是怎么产生的，什么是情绪。第三段具体解释了两种类型的情绪，并且在最后两段说明了情绪对人的影响。A项“情绪的定义和分类”能够概括全文，因此选A项。B、C、D选项的内容为文章的部分内容，不能概括全文，因此排除。12.C 细节题。答题信息在文章第一句话“Accordingtopsychologists,anemotionisarousedwhenamanoranimalviewssomethingaseitherbadorgood”，由此可知，人的情绪是由对事情好坏的判断产生的。因此正确答案是C选项。13.D 事实判断题。题干中问到选项中哪一项不正确。根据文章第二段提到的“Manypsychologistsbelievethatinfantsarebornwithoutemotions.”以及“Theybelievechildrenlearnemotionsjustas...”可以得知A、B选项都正确。根据第三段“Ingrowingup,apersonlearnstocopewiththenegativeemotionsinordertobehappy.”可知C项也正确。而通过第三段第一句“Psychologiststhinkthattherearetwotypesofemotions:positiveandnegative.”可以判断D选项错误。14.C 词义推理题。该单词的词意可以通过语境判断，前文提到强烈的情绪会分散注意力，而这里举例学生因为担心而drainshisenergy，即消耗能量，显然应该选weakens，所以答案应该是C选项。15.D 事实推理题。根据文章最后一段的内容，作者指出对考试失败的担心会分散学生的注意力，所以有理由推断D选项正确。PassageFourPolyesterisnowbeingusedforbottles.ICI,thechemicalsandplasticscompanybelievesthatitisnowbeginningtobreakthegripofglassonthebottlebusinessandthustakeadvantageofthishugemarket.Alltheplasticsmanufacturershavebeenexperiencinghardtimesastheirtraditionalproductshavebeendoingbadlyworld-wideforthelastfewyears.Between1982and1984thePlasticsDivisionofICIhadlostahundredandtwentymilliondollars,andtheyfeltthatthemosthopefulnewmarketwasinpackaging,bottlesandcans.Since1982ithasopenedthreenewfactoriesproducing‘Melinar’,therawmaterialfromwhichhighqualitypolyesterbottlesaremade.Thepolyesterbottlewasborninthe1970s,whensoftdrinkscompanieslikeCocaColastartedsellingtheirdrinksingianttwo-litrecontainers.Becauseofthebuild-upofthepressureofgasintheselargecontainers,glasswasunsuitable.NorwasPVC,theplasticwhichhadbeenusedforbottlessincethe1960s,suitablefordrinkswithgasinthem.Anewplastichadtobemade.Glassisstillcheaperforthesmallerbottles,andwillcontinuetobesounlessoilandplasticbecomemuchcheaper,butplasticdoeswellforthelargersizes.Polyesterbottlesarevirtuallyunbreakable.Themanufacturersclaimtheyarealsolighter,lessnoisywhenbeinghandled,andcanbere-used.Shopkeepersandotherbusinesspeopleareunlikelytoobjecttoachangefromglasstopolyester,sincethesebottlesmeanfewbreakages,whicharecostlyandtime-consuming.Thepublic,though,havebeenmoredifficulttopersuade.ICI’scommercialdepartmentisdevelopingdifferentbottleswithinterestingshapes,totryandmakethemvisuallymoreattractivetothepublic.Thenextstepcouldbetodevelopaplasticwhichcouldreplacetinsforfood.Theproblemhereisthehightemperaturesnecessaryforcookingthefoodinthecontainer.16.Inthe1980’stheplasticsmanufacturerscametorealizethatthey_____.A.shoulddeveloppackaging,bottlesandcansproductsB.mustfurtherincreasetheirtraditionalproductsC.shouldstopthemanufactureofplasticsD.shouldraisemorefunds17.ThereasonwhyICI’sPlasticDivisionisinterestedinpolyesterbottlesisthat_____.A.rawmaterialrisesinpriceB.polyesterbottlesarewelcomeC.glassbottlesareveryexpensiveD.otherthingstheymanufacturearenotsellingwell18.Wemayinferthatthepublic_____.A.likepolyesterbottlesverymuchB.completelygiveupusingglassbottlesC.isunlikelytoobjecttoachangefromglasstopolyesterD.stillliketraditionalglassbottles19.Manufacturersbelievethatpolyesterbottlesare_____.A.unbreakable B.lighterC.lessnoisywhenbeinghandledD.alloftheabove20.ItisimpliedbutnotdirectlystatedthatICI,thechemicalsandplasticscompany_____.A.willnotmaintainthestatusquoB.triestomanufacturemorecolorfulbottlesC.iscontentwiththepreviousachievementD.isunwillingtodevelopanyotherplasticproducts【答案与解析】16.A 细节题。根据题干中出现的80年代，可以定位到文章第二段。由第二段最后一句“theyfeltthatthemosthopefulnewmarketwasinpackaging,bottlesandcans”可知，塑料厂商意识到他们要开发包装材料、瓶子和罐子产品。因此A选项为正确答案，B、C、D选项中的信息在文中都没有体现。17.D 细节题。答题信息在第二段第一句“astheirtraditionalproductshavebeendoingbadlyworld-wideforthelastfewyears”，这里提到他们的传统产品过去几年在全世界范围内销量都很不好，所以D项是正确答案。18.D 推理题。答题信息在文章倒数第二段倒数第二句话“Thepublic,though,havebeenmoredifficulttopersuade”，这里提到要说服公众接受把玻璃换成聚酯产品有些困难，可见D选项“公众更喜欢传统的玻璃瓶”符合题意。19.D 细节题。由倒数第二段前两句话可知，生产商认为聚酯产品“unbreakable”、“lighter”、“lessnoisywhenbeinghandled,andcanbere-used”，因此A、B、C选项中的内容都有体现，所以正确答案应该为D选项。20.A 推理题。题干中问到文中没有直接说明但是暗含的内容，因而首先可以排除B项,因为文中有直接说明。C选项和D选项不符合题意，因为ICI塑料生产商没有满足于现状，正在努力开发新产品，因而只有A项为正确答案。PartIIVocabularyandStructure(0.5×30=15%)Directions:Thereare30incompletesentencesinthispart.Foreachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarked.A.,B.,C.andD..ChoosetheONEanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.21.Themeetingwas_____overbythemayortodiscussthetaxraiseinthecity.A.presumed B.propelled C.presided D.prickled【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：会议由市长主持，讨论该市税收增加的问题。presideover“主持”，符合题意。presume假设，推测。propel推进，激励；prick刺，刺痛。根据词义可知C项为正确答案。22.Hegradually_____thatherparentshadbeenrightandhisdecisionhadtobemodified.A.perceived B.pioneered C.plagued D.transformed【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：他逐渐觉察到她的父母是对的，他必须改变自己的决定。perceive意为“觉察，感知”，符合句意。pioneer开拓，开辟。plague折磨，使苦恼。transform转变，改变。23.Amanwhocould_____suchtreatmentwasamanofremarkablephysicalcourageandmoralstrength.A.bearuponB.takeon C.standupto D.substitute【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：能够承受这种治疗的人必定拥有过人的勇气和强大的精神力量。standupto意为“经得住”，符合句意。bearupon影响到，对……施加压力。takeon呈现，承担。substitute代替。24.Apassionforthetheaterwhichmaydemonstrateallthewaysoflifecanbefairlysatisfying_____forlife.A.substance B.imitationC.repetition D.substitute【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：电影能够展现出形形色色的生活，对电影的热爱可以成为一个相当令人满意的生活的替代品。substitute含有“替代品”的意思，符合句意。substance物质。imitation模仿，仿制品。repetition重复；重演。25.Hisstrangebehaviorgreatly,_____meandmyfriendsaswellthatevening.A.perplexed B.exhausted C.exclaimedD.exceeded【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：他那天晚上表现得很反常，我和我的朋友都感到不可理解。perplex使迷惑。exhaust使筋疲力尽。exclaim大叫。exceed超越，凌驾。结合句意，只有A选项合适。26.They_____thosewhodidn’tconformtotheirideas,andtookadvantageofthosewhoagreedwiththem.A.exploredB.persecutedC.extendedD.pinched【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：他们迫害那些与自己观念不一致的人，利用那些认同他们的人。B选项persecute意为“迫害”，符合句意。explore探索；extend延伸；pinch使苦恼。27.Accordingtotheinternationalregulation,theplayingofthenationalanthem_____allsportsevents.A.repelsB.remarks C.precedes D.requires【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：根据国际规定，体育比赛前都要奏国歌。repel击退，驱逐。remark讲述，注意。precede在……之前。require要求。结合句意，只有C选项合适。28.Weallknewfromthevery_____thattheplanwouldfail.Nowyouseeithasbecometrue.A.outcomeB.outsetC.upshot D.outbreak【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：我们大家在一开始就知道那项计划会失败，现在事实证明的确如此。outcome结果。outset开端。upshot结果，结局。outbreak爆发，突发。根据句意，只有B选项合适。fromthe(very)outset为固定搭配，意思为“从一开始”。29.Hisconstantattemptsto_____hiscolleagues’achievementeventuallycausedhisdismissal.A.withdraw B.diminishC.restrain D.confine【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：他一再试图贬低同事的成绩，最终导致自己被辞退。diminish意为“使减少，贬低”，符合句意。withdraw撤退。restrain制止，抑制。confine将……局限于。30.Theyhave_____thedancemanytimesforthebettereffectbeforetheyperformedinthetheater.A.overtaken B.interchangedC.entreatedD.rehearsed【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：他们在剧院演出之前已经排练这个舞蹈很多次了，希望取得更好的演出效果。overtake赶上，超过。interchange交换，交替。entreat恳求。rehearse排练。结合句意，只有D选项合适。31.Thisworkcostsusnothing;it’salldoneby_____.A.volunteers B.youngstersC.entrepreneursD.acquaintance【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：在这项工作中我们什么也没做,全是由志愿者完成的。volunteer志愿者。youngster年轻人。entrepreneur企业家。acquaintance认识的人。结合句意，只有A选项合适。32.Thewriter_____lifeinarefugeecampveryvividly.A.probes B.valuesC.createsD.portrays【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：作者生动地描述了难民营中的生活。portray意为“描绘”，符合句意。probe调查。value重视，评价。create创造，创作。33.Therehavebeenanumberof_____betweenpoliceinriotgearanddemonstrators.A.clasps  B.clamps C.clashesD.clips【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：防暴警察和示威人群已发生多次冲突。clasp钩，扣子。clamp钳；夹钳。clash冲突。clip夹子，回形针。结合句意，只有C选项合适。34.Agoodvocabularyis_____toasuccessfulbusinesscareer.A.dynamicB.excessiveC.extensiveD.indispensable【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：丰富的词汇量在成功的商务生涯中必不可少。indispensable意为“不可缺少的，绝对必要的”，符合句意。dynamic有活力的。excessive过多的，过度的。extensive广泛的，大量的。35.TheyplayedthemusicofMozartataslow_____.A.tempoB.rhythm C.rate D.rating【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：他们以缓慢的速度演奏莫扎特的音乐。tempo节拍，（音乐的）速度。rhythm韵律。rate频率。rating(电视节目的)收视率。结合题干信息，只有A选项合适。36.Thecompanydoesnot_____betweenmenandwomen—everyoneispaidatthesamerate.A.deviateB.fluctuateC.mediate D.differentiate【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：这个公司并没有区别对待男性和女性的员工——给他们支付同等待遇的薪资。differentiate意为“区别，使有差别”符合题意。deviate使偏离。fluctuate使波动，使动摇。mediate调停。37.Theoldmanisonlythe_____headofthebusiness;hisdaughtermakesallthedecisions.A.obedientB.nominal C.pettyD.minor【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：那老人只是这家企业名义上的负责人，是他女儿做出一切决定。nominal“名义上的，有名无实的”，符合句意。obedient顺从的，服从的。petty琐碎的，小气的。minor次要的。38.He_____ofthefirsttrulyportablecomputerin1968.A.conceivedB.clutched C.strove D.groped【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：1968年，他构想出第一台真正的便携式计算机。conceiveof意为“想出，构想”，符合句意。clutch与at连用，意为“抓住”。strive一般和for连用，意为“为……努力”。grope后接for，意为“摸索……”。39.Smallwonderthatmanyvotersholdtheirpoliticiansin_____.A.complaintB.censusC.consensus D.contempt【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：无怪乎很多选民看不起他们的政治家。contempt有“轻视，蔑视”之意；holdincontempt为固定结构，意为“认为…不屑一顾；轻视”。因此D选项为正确答案。40.Hewrotequiteafew_____becausehelovedtomakepeoplelaugh.A.comedies B.tragediesC.melodiesD.ballets【答案】A 查看答案【解析】句意：他写了很多喜剧，因为他喜欢逗人们笑。comedy喜剧。tragedy悲剧。melody旋律。ballet芭蕾舞剧。结合题干，只有A选项合适。41.Afterridingonamerry-go-round,shestartedtofeel_____andhadtoliedown.A.dizzy B.bewildered C.nasty D.painful【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：骑过旋转木马后，她开始觉得眩晕，不得不躺下休息。dizzy意为“眩晕的”符合题意。bewildered困惑的，不知所措的。nasty可恶的。painful痛苦的。42.ThebeautyofVenice,whichfascinatesallthevisitors,_____thestyleofitsancientbuildings.A.consistsinB.restson C.resultsinD.dependson【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：让所有游客着迷的威尼斯之美在于其古建筑的风格。consistin意为“在于，存在于”，符合题意。reston依靠，停留于。resultin导致。dependon取决于，依赖于。43.Thegeneralinsistedontaking_____ashedidnottrustthedefeatedleaders.A.captives B.hostages C.rivals D.opponents【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：将军坚持要扣留人质，因为他不信任那些战败的领导人。hostage“人质”，takehostages意为“扣留人质”，符合题意。captive俘虏。rival对手。opponent反对者。根据句意，B选项最合适。44.Beforethehospitaltreatment,helookedlikea_____butamonthlaterhesaidhefeltlikeanOlympicchampion.A.skeleton B.survival C.patient D.framework【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：住院治疗之前，他看起来骨瘦如柴，但一个月后他说感觉自己像奥运冠军。skeleton意为“骨架，骨瘦如柴的人”，符合题意。survival幸存者。patient病人。framework框架，结构。45.Travelingaroundtheworldandmeetingnewpeoplebroadenedtheyoungman’s_____.A.conceptionsB.intelligenceC.perceptions D.horizons【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：周游世界，认识不同的人开阔了年轻人的眼界。broadenone’shorizons意为“开拓眼界”，故D选项合适。46.Itisestimatedthatthetotalof_____fromthecountryoverseaswillthisyearreach150,000.A.migrantsB.immigrants C.emigrants D.inhabitants【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：估计今年来自海外的移民数量会达到15万。migrant迁移人口。immigrant（外来）移民；emigrant移民（本国移出）。inhabitant居民。结合句意，可知B选项合适。47.Experienceleadsmetothinkthatitisnotalwaysgoodtoget_____withstrangers.A.tolerantB.confidential C.enthusiasticD.agreeable【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：经验让我知道信任陌生人并不总是一件好事。confidential有“表示信任的，亲密的”的意思，符合题意。48.TheEnglishlanguageiscapableofexpressingmanysubtle_____ofmeanings.A.levelsB.concepts C.shadesD.implications【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：英语能表达很多微妙的语义变化。shade含有“(抽象事物的)细微差别,不同方面”的意思。根据句意，subtleshadeofmeaning“微妙语义变化”更合适，因此正确答案应为C选项。49.Thewasteofsoilbywashingisamongthemostdangerousofallwastes_____progressintheUnitedStates.A.of B.in C.onD.to【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：淋洗造成的土壤浪费，是正发生在美国的最危险的浪费之一。inprogress是固定结构，意为“在进行中”。50.Nightwasfalling.Allwasdarkness_____anoccasionalglimmerinthedistance.A.despite B.besidesC.butfor D.exceptfor【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：夜幕正在降临，除了远处偶尔会有闪光外，一片漆黑。exceptfor表示“除……以外”，指对某种基本情况进行具体的细节方面的修正补充。所以D项正确答案。despite尽管，不管。besides除…之外(还)。butfor要不是，如果不是。PartIII Cloze(1×20=20%)Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA.,B.,C.andD..YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.Itseemsthattreescantalktoeachother.TwoAmericanbiologistsattheUniversityofWashingtoncarriedoutaninteresting(51)  intheearly1980s.Theyplaced(52)  ofharmfulinsectsonthebranchesofsometreesinordertodiscover(53)  treesdefendthemselvesfromattack.Theyfoundthatthechemical(54)  ofleavesonthetree(55)  theinsectsweresoonbegantochange.Theleaveschangedsomuch(56)  itwassoonimpossiblefortheinsectstoeatsuch(57) .Theinsectsbegantodie(58)  starvations.(59) ,thescientists’mostsurprising(60)  wasthatthechemicalcompositionofleaveschangedonneighboringtreesaswellasonthosealready(61)  byinsects.Thosetreeswerenotyetunder(62)  andyettheyweregettingreadytodefendthemselves (63) attack.Itseemsthatthetreeswere(64)  passinginformationtoeachother.Thetreeswereso(65)apartthattherewasno(66)  contactbetweentheirbranches.(67)  weretheycloseenoughfortheirrootstotouch.AsimilarAmericanexperimentwas(68)  outonadifferentkindoftree.(69)  thesameresultswereobtained.Nooneknowsforcertainhowthetreespassinformationtotheirneighborsbutsomes