陕西省榆林市2019届高三第二次模拟测试英语试题含解析

学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精陕西省榆林市2019届高三第二次模拟测试英语试题含解析榆林2018~2019年度高三第二次模拟试题英语试题考生注意：1.本试卷共150分,考试时间120分钟。2。请将各题答案填写在答题卡上.3.本试卷主要考试内容：高考全部范围。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1。5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话.每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题.每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatisthemangoingtodothisevening？A。Visithissister。B.Gototheairport。C。Gofordinnerwiththewoman。2.Howmuchmoneydoesthegirlgetfromherparentseachmonth?A.200yuan.B.300yuan.C。400yuan。3。WherewillMissSmithhaveashortstop？A.InTianjin。B.InBeijing。C。InShanghai.4。WhenshouldthewomangotomeetProfessorBrown？A.At9：00.B。At9：30.C.At10：00。5.Whatdoesthewomanplantodothisafternoon？A。Gotothemovies。B。Shopforsomeclothes。C。Buyanewpairofglasses。第二节（共15小题；每小题1。5分,满分22。5分）听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟；听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍.听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6。Howmanytimesaweekwillalearnergotothepaintingclasses？A。Once.B.Twice。C。Threetimes.7.Whatcanwelearnaboutthewomanfromtheconversation？A.Sheworksattheclub.B.Sheisgoodatpainting.C。Shewillputdownhernameintheclub。听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8。Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A。Howtoreadformeaning.B.Howtoreadonline.C。Howtoreadfaster。9。Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A。TakeafreecourseontheInternet。B.Takeacourseinaschool。C.Askherfriendsforhelp.听第8段材料,回答第10至12题.10.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthemovie？A。Amazing.B。Disappointing。C。Moving.11。Whatmadethewomanconfusedaboutthemovie？A.Thescenery.B。Thespecialeffects。C。Theplot.12。Howdoesthewomanoftenkilltime?A.Byseeingmovies.B。Byreadingbooks.C.Bygoingshopping.听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。13。Howdoesthemanfeelabouthisinterviewtomorrow？A。Heishappyaboutit.B。Heissureofsuccess。C.Heisworriedaboutit.14.Whatoccupationisthemanmostprobablygoingtoapplyfor?A.Anoraltranslator。B.Anengineer。C。Atouristguide.15。Whatimpressedthewomanmost?A.Theman’sGerman。B。Theman’sexperience.C.Theman'sbusinessskills.16.Howwillthemangotothejobinterview?A。Bybus。B.Bytaxi.C.Bycar.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17。Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A。Anaccident.B.Adisaster。C.Arescue。18。WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothenews？A.Novillagerwaskilled。B.15houseswerebadlydamaged。C.Over200peopleweremadehomeless。19.Whatdoweknowaboutthefarmer？A。Hishousewasdestroyed.B。Hiswifewasmissing。C。Oneofhischildrenwaskilled.20。Whatdidthewomandowhenshesawherhouseshaking?A。Shetiredtotakesomethingout.B.Shecalledherhusbandforhelp。C.Sherushedoutwithherchildren.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AThefollowingaretheeventswiththemostreviewsthisweek.FreeComedyShowPhonenumber:（646）410-0503From：Friday,Sep7,7：30pmTo:Friday，Oct5，9:00pmComedyEveningisacompletelyfreecomedyshoweveryFridayat7:30pmintheheartoftheWestVillagefeaturingcomedianswhohaveappearedonTruTv，ComedyCentralandmore！Theshowtakesplaceinthedownstairbasementofthevenue。Pleasenotethatyoumustbeover21yearsoldtoattendasthevenueisabar.Whilethereisnocoveroritemminimumfortheshow,itisrecommendedthatyougetadrink(soda，beer,wine,etc.）orfooditemtosupportthebarandhelpkeeptheshowfree.ChilePepperFestival2018Phonenumber:（718)307-7133From：Sep26,Sep29,12:00amTo:6:00pmEnjoysixworld—classmusicalacts，includingtheGrammy-winningLostBayouRamblersandglobaltalentsCoreyah,DoctorNativo,DahkaBand,NationBeatandmore.Yelp'sTourOfJerseyCityPhonenumber：(201）216—2677From:Thursday，Oct4,10:00amTo：Sunday,Oct7,7:00pmYelp’smissionistoconnectpeoplewithgreatlocalbusinesses.AsapartoftheJerseyCityArt&.Studiotour,YelpcantakeyouonaphototourofJerseyCity.We'vemadeagalleryofsomeofthemostawe-inspiringphotosthatwereuploadedtoYelpbyusersandbusinessowners。HelpuscelebrateJerseyCityandthelocalbusinessesthatmakeourfive-starcityshine.Don'tforgettosupportlocalandshareyouradventureswithusonYelp！EgyptWoodbury，NY11797Phonenumber:(516）367—4584From：Friday，Sep21，6:00pmTo：Sunday,Sep30，6：00pmThisculturalexperienceincludesanexclusivetourthroughdifferentPharaonicKingdoms.HavefunintheEgyptianthemephotoboothsfollowedbytastingdeliciousauthentichomemadeEgyptiandishes.1。WhatarepeopleadvisedtodowhenattendingComedyEvening?A。Bookticketsinadvance。B.Helpperformontheshow。C.BringtheirkidsonFriday.D.Consumesomedrinksorfood。2.Whichnumberwillmusicfanscallformoreinformation？A。（646）410-0503。 B.(718)307-7133.C。（201）216一2677。 D.（516)367—4584.3.Whicheventwillpeoplechoosetouploadtheirphotos？A.FreeComedyShow。B。ChilePepperFestival2018.C。Yelp’sTourOfJerseyCity。D.EgyptWoodbury,NY11797。【答案】1.D2.B3.C【解析】这是一篇应用文.文章介绍了本周评论最多的几个活动。【1题详解】细节理解题.根据FreeComedyShow部分ComedyEveningisacompletelyfreecomedyshoweveryFridayat7:30pmintheheartoftheWestVillagefeaturingcomedianswhohaveappearedonTruTv,ComedyCentralandmore!和Whilethereisnocoveroritemminimumfortheshow,itisrecommendedthatyougetadrink（soda，beer，wine,etc。）orfooditemtosupportthebarandhelpkeeptheshowfree。（虽然节目没有最低要求，但建议你买一杯饮料（苏打水、啤酒、葡萄酒等)或食物来支持吧台，这样节目就可以免费了）由此可知，人们在参加ComedyEvening时,被建议消费一些饮料和食物。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据ChilePepperFestival2018部分Phonenumber：（718）307—7133和Enjoysixworld—classmusicalacts，includingtheGrammy-winningLostBayouRamblersandglobaltalentsCoreyah,DoctorNativo，DahkaBand,NationBeatandmore。（欣赏6个世界级的音乐表演,包括格莱美奖得主LostBayouRamblers和全球天才Coreyah、DoctorNativo、DahkaBand、NationBeat等等）由此可知，音乐爱好者会拨打（718）307—7133这个号码来获得更多信息。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Yelp'sTourOfJerseyCity部分We'vemadeagalleryofsomeofthemostawe—inspiringphotosthatwereuploadedtoYelpbyusersandbusinessowners.（我们制作了一个图库，里面是用户和企业主上传到Yelp上的一些最令人惊叹的照片。）由此可知，Yelp'sTourOfJerseyCity活动，人们会选择上传他们的照片。故选C.BWantinghisaudiencetofeelarollercoasterofemotions，NeilSimonusedhisownpersonalexperiencesoffamilypainandsorrowtomakelightofthebanalities（陈词滥调）ofhumanexistence.Itwasthisfineabilitytodighisaudiences'consciousnessthatbroughthimbigsuccess。Withcrowdsturningupingroupsin1966，SimonhadfourplaysrunningonBroadwayatthesametime.By1983,hewasnamedthemostnotablecomedywriterintheEnglishlanguage。Hegrewupinahouseholdfilledwithconflict，oftencausedbyhisquarrelsomeparents'on-offrelationship。Whenhewasseven，Simonbeganwritingcomedyasawayofblockingoutthe“reallyuglypainfulthingsinmychildhood”andthroughthemediumoflaughterheescapedtheheavyatmosphereathome。Oftenvisitingthecinema,SimonwasamusedandtheninspiredbywatchingCharlieChaplinandErnstLubitschmovies,andwithhiselderbrotherDannycreatedcomedysketches。Receivingapositivereception,hewouldgotothelocallibrarytoreadbooksonfamouscomedianstohelphimlearnthetricksofthetrade.HeattendedDeWittClintonHighSchoolintheBronxandstudiedatNewYorkUniversity,beforestartingasaclerkatWarnerBrothers。Meanwhile,Simoncontinuedtoworkonhisownplays，developingComeBlowYourHornwhichwasafictionalizedversionofhisupbringing。ItopenedonBroadwayin1961andenjoyedrelativesuccess.Hisnextplay，BarefootInThePark,wasacomedicaccountofhismarriagetoJoanBaim。Convinceditwouldbeafailurebeforeithadevenbegun,Simonbeggedtheproducertopulltheplay。However,tohisdisbelief，BarefootInTheParkprovedtobearunawaysuccess，becameoneofBroadway’slongest-runningplaysandpushedhimtoHollywoodfamewhenitwasmadeintoamoviestarringJaneFondaandRobertRedford.Hereceivedanincredible16Tonynominations（提名）andwonthebestplaythreetimes.HealsoearnedfourOscarnominations，aPulitzerPrize，theMarkTwainPrizeandcountlessotherhonours。4。WhatmaySimon’saudiencebeimpressedbyinhisworks？A。Theconfusingplotandpainfulending。B。Theupsanddownsinmood.C。Theknowledgeableandexperiencedcharacters。D。Thefineabilitytorecognizevaluableinformation。5。WhatcanwelearnaboutSimonfromparagraph3?A。Hewasborninalargefamily.B。Hehadaveryhappychildhood。C。Heworkedinacinemawithhiselderbrother.D。Hisparentscouldn’tofferhimaharmoniousfamilyatmosphere。6.WhydidSimongotothelocallibrary?A。Toimprovehimselfincreatingcomedies.B。Tolearnhowtorunacompanysuccessfully.C.Tomakefriendswithsomefamouscomedians。D.TofindoutmoreinformationaboutNewYorkUniversity.7。WhatwasBarefootInTheParkbasedon?A。Simon'smarriagetoJoanBaim.B。Simon'spreviousfailureinaplay.C.Abeggar'sstoryinBroadway.D.AmoviestarringJaneandRobert。【答案】4.B5。D6。A7.A【解析】本文为一篇记叙文.文章主要记叙了英国著名剧作家NeilSimon的作品特色，生活中的一些轶事以及他的个人成就.【4题详解】推理判断题.根据文章第一段Wantinghisaudiencetofeelarollercoasterofemotions，NeilSimonusedhisownpersonalexperiencesoffamilypainandsorrowtomakelightofthebanalities（陈词滥调）ofhumanexistence.“尼尔·西蒙希望他的观众能感受到过山车般的情感，他用他个人经历的家庭痛苦和悲伤来淡化人类存在的平庸.”由此判断出，观众可能被NelSimon的作品中情感的起起伏伏所打动。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的第一句“Hegrewupinahouseholdfilledwithconflict，oftencausedbyhisquarrelsomeparents’on-offrelationship”“他成长在一个充满矛盾的家庭,常常是由于父母分分合合而引起的."可知，他的父母之间充满矛盾，关系时断时续，无法给他一个和谐的家庭氛围。故选D.【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Receivingapositivereception，hewouldgotothelocallibrarytoreadbooksonfamouscomedianstohelphimlearnthetricksofthetrade”“如果受到好评，他就会去当地的图书馆阅读有关著名喜剧演员的书籍，以帮助他学习这一行的技巧。"可知，去图书馆是为了提高自己创作喜剧的能力.故选A。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段“Hisnextplay，BarefootInThePark，wasacomedicaccountofhismarriagetoJoanBaim。”“他的下一部剧本《新婚燕尔》(BarefootInThePark)以喜剧的方式讲述了他与琼·巴伊姆（JoanBaim）的婚姻。"可知,这部剧是根据西蒙和琼·巴姆的婚姻创作的。故选A.CHaveyoueverpressedthepedestrianbuttonatacrosswalkandwonderedifitreallyworked?Orstrikethe“closedoor”buttoninanelevator，whilesuspectingthatitmay，infact，havenoeffectatall？They’recalled“placebo（安慰剂)buttons”—buttonsthatmechanicallysoundandcanbepushed,butprovidenofunctionality。InNewYorkCity,onlyabout100ofthe1，000crosswalkbuttonsactuallyfunction.Crosswalksignalsweregenerallyinstalledbeforetrafficjamhadreachedtoday’slevels,and,overtime,theystartedtoinfluencethecomplexharmonyoftrafficlights。Butwhiletheirfunctionwastakenoverbymoreadvancedsystems—suchasautomatedlightsortrafficsensors—thephysicalbuttonswereoftenkept,ratherthanbeingreplacedatfurtherexpense.Othercities，suchasBoston，DallasandSeattle,havegonethroughasimilarprocess，leavingthemwiththeirownplacebopedestrianbuttons。InLondon，whichhas6,000trafficsignals，pressingthepedestrianbuttonresultsinareliable“Wait”light.Butthatdoesn’tnecessarilymeanthatthe“greenman”—or“pedestrianstage"intrafficsignaldesignprofession—willappearanysooner。“Wedohavesomecrossingswherethegreenlightcomesonautomatically,butwestillaskpeopletopressthebuttonbecausethatenablesaccessiblefeatures，”saidGlynnBarton,directorofnetworkmanagementatTransportforLondon.Thesefeatures,suchasblindtracksandhearabletrafficsignals，helppeoplewithvisualdisordercrosstheroadandonlyfunctionwhenthebuttonispressed.Asforthelights，agrowingnumberofthemarenowcombinedandbecomeapartofanelectronicsystemthatdetectstrafficandadjuststimefrequencyaccordingly（givingprioritytobusesifthey'rerunninglate,forexample）,whichmeansthatpressingthebuttonhasnoeffect.AccordingtoLanger,aHarvardpsychologist，placebobuttonsgiveustheillusionofcontrol—andsomethingtodoinsituationswherethealternativewouldbedoingnothing.Inthecaseofpedestriancrossings,theymayevenmakeussaferbyforcingustopayattentiontooursurroundings。“Theyserveapsychologicalpurposeattheveryleast，"sheadded。8.Whatisaplacebobutton?A。Abuttonthatflashesatacrosswalk.B.Abuttonthatwarnsthepedestrians。C。Abuttonthatnearlyhasnopracticaleffectnow。D.Abuttonthatisnotcommonbeforetheelectronicsystem。9。WhyaretheplacebobuttonsinBostonkept？A.Theycostmoretobereplacedthantobekept.B。Theyareuniqueattractionsonthestreet.C。Theyfunctionwellandareenvironmentallyfriendly.D.Theyrespondmoreslowlythantheadvancedsystems.10.WhatdoesthepsychologistLangerthinkofthebuttonsatacrosswalk？A.They'reharmfultomentalhealth。B.Theyhavenouseforpedestrians。C.Pressingthemmakespeoplefeelfoolish.D.Peoplemayhaveasenseofsafetywhenpressingthem.11。Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Howdoplacebobuttonsaffectmentalhealth？B.Howdothebuttonsatacrosswalkoperate?C。Whenshouldapedestrianwaitatacrosswalk？D。Whyarethebigcitiesfullofbuttonsthatdon'twork？【答案】8。C9.A10。D11.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。你是否曾经在人行横道上按下行人按钮，然后怀疑它是否真的有用？或者在电梯里按下“关门"按钮，却怀疑它可能根本不起作用？它们被称为“安慰剂按钮"——这些按钮机械地发出声音，可以按下，但没有任何功能。文章主要介绍了这些安慰剂按钮在大城市存在的原因、对人们的影响以及人们对此的看法。【8题详解】细节理解题.根据第一段中They'recalled“placebo（安慰剂）buttons”—buttonsthatmechanicallysoundandcanbepushed，butprovidenofunctionality。可知它们被称为“安慰剂按钮”—-这些按钮机械地发出声音，可以按下，但没有任何功能。由此可知，安慰剂按钮是一个现在几乎没有实际作用的按钮。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中Butwhiletheirfunctionwastakenoverbymoreadvancedsystems—suchasautomatedlightsortrafficsensors—thephysicalbuttonswereoftenkept，ratherthanbeingreplacedatfurtherexpense.Othercities,suchasBoston,DallasandSeattle，havegonethroughasimilarprocess，leavingthemwiththeirownplacebopedestrianbuttons.可知但是，当它们的功能被更先进的系统（如自动信号灯或交通传感器）所取代时,物理按钮往往被保留下来,而不是以更高的成本被替换。其他城市，如波士顿、达拉斯和西雅图，也经历了类似的过程，只是留下了自己的行人按钮安慰剂.由此可知，波士顿还保留着安慰剂按钮,因为它们更换的成本比保存的成本高.故选A.【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中Inthecaseofpedestriancrossings,theymayevenmakeussaferbyforcingustopayattentiontooursurroundings。“Theyserveapsychologicalpurposeattheveryleast,”sheadded.可知在人行横道的情况下,他们甚至可以使我们更安全,迫使我们注意我们的周围环境。“它们至少有心理作用，"她补充道。由此可推知，心理学家Langer认为人行横道上的按钮,人们在按压时可能会有安全感。故选D。【11题详解】主旨大意题.根据第一段Haveyoueverpressedthepedestrianbuttonatacrosswalkandwonderedifitreallyworked？Orstrikethe“closedoor”buttoninanelevator,whilesuspectingthatitmay,infact,havenoeffectatall？They'recalled“placebo（安慰剂)buttons”-buttonsthatmechanicallysoundandcanbepushed，butprovidenofunctionality.可知你是否曾经在人行横道上按下行人按钮，然后怀疑它是否真的有用？或者在电梯里按下“关门”按钮,却怀疑它可能根本不起作用？它们被称为“安慰剂按钮”——这些按钮机械地发出声音，可以按下，但没有任何功能。结合文章还介绍了这些安慰剂按钮在大城市存在的原因、对人们的影响以及人们对此的看法。由此可知，D选项“为什么大城市里到处都是不起作用的按钮？”最符合文章标题。故选D。DForparentswithgrownchildren，sometimesthepainofanemptynestcanbebetterthanthepainofafullbasement.Itturnsoutbirdsfaceasimilarbutslightlymoredeadlydilemma。Whenyoungbirdsleavethenestearly，theyhelptheirfuturegenerationssurvivebetterbuttheythemselvesaremorelikelytodie,accordingtoanewstudy。Youngbirdscanhaveatoughlife—ascantheirparents.Anoisynestattractspredatorsthatcanwipeouttheentireyear’sreproductiveeffortsatonestroke.Thus,birdparentspushtheiryoungtoleavethenestearly-evenwhentheyarenotquiteready—toincreasethechancesthatatleastonewillsurvive,makingsurealltheir"eggs”arenotinonebasket.Buttheseearlybirdssufferasaresult.Theirdeathratecanbeashighas70%,comparedwithjust12%forspeciesthatarelatebloomers.Suspectingsurvivalrateshadsomethingtodowithhowreadythebirdsweretotakewing。Anecologist,ThomasMartin,testedfledgling(雏鸟）flyingabilityatdifferentagesinaboutadozenspeciesandrecordedtheresultswithhigh-speedvideo.Asexpected,youngerbirdshadpoorlydevelopedwingsandflewbadly.Moreover，whenresearchersforcedagraysparrowcalledajunco（whichhassomeofthelowestfledglingsurvivalratesamongthespeciesstudied）tostayinthenestfor13daysinsteadof10，morelivedtoadulthood。Just10％diedwithin7days,comparedwith30％fortheearlybirds。Butitturnsoutthatsomebirdmomsarewillingtokeeptheirkidsinthenestabitlonger。Birdssuchasthewhite-breastednuthatch(五子雀),whichnestsinwell-protectedtreeholes，lettheyounghangaboutlongerathome,Martin'steamdiscovered.Incontrast,birdsthatnestonthegroundorintheopenpushedforearlydepartures.That’sbecausetheysuffercomparativelyhighlossesofchicksinthenest。Arethereanylessonsforhumanparents？“Someparallelsexist，”Martinsays，“butwithpeople,there’ssomuchmoreculturethatcomesintoit。”12.Whatdoesthenewstudyfind?A。YoungBirds'earlyleavingfromthenestbenefitsbirdparentsthemselves.B.Parentswithgrownchildrensufferthepainofanemptynest。C.Thereisastrongbondbetweenempty-nestparentsandyoungbirds。D.Thewrongtimeofyoungbirds’leavingmaybringthewholefamilyadisaster.13。Whichdoestheunderlinedword“predators”inparagraph2referto？A.Thebirds'parents。 B。Thebirds’naturalenemies。C。Theyoungercompetitors。 D。Thefuturegenerations.14。Whatdidthecaseofthegraysparrowshow？A.Morebirdshavepoorlydevelopedwingsthanever。B.Moregraysparrowslivetoadulthoodthanever.C。Thelongertheyoungstayedinthenests,thehighertheirsurvivalrateswere。D.Theearliertheyoungleftthenests,thehighertheirsurvivalrateswere.15.Whatmaydecideyoungbirds'leavingtimefromhomeaccordingtotheresearch?A。Thebirdmoms. B.Thebirdspecies。C。Thewings’shape。 D。Thelocationoftheirnests。【答案】12。D13.B14.C15.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。一项最新研究表明，当幼鸟提早离开巢穴时，它们会帮助后代更好地生存，但它们自己更有可能死亡。文章说明了这一现象产生的原因,以及科学家对此的研究过程。【12题详解】细节理解题.根据第二段中Anoisynestattractspredatorsthatcanwipeouttheentireyear’sreproductiveeffortsatonestroke.Thus,birdparentspushtheiryoungtoleavethenestearly—evenwhentheyarenotquiteready—toincreasethechancesthatatleastonewillsurvive，makingsurealltheir”eggs"arenotinonebasket.可知聒噪的鸟巢会吸引捕食者，它们会一举消灭一整年的繁殖努力.因此，鸟类父母会敦促它们的幼鸟尽早离开鸟巢——即使它们还没有完全准备好——以增加至少有一只会存活下来的机会，确保它们的“蛋”不都在一个篮子里。由此可知，新的研究发现幼鸟离开的时间不对,可能会给全家带来灾难。故选D。【13题详解】词义猜测题。根据后文thatcanwipeouttheentireyear'sreproductiveeffortsatonestroke可知聒噪的鸟巢会吸引鸟类的天敌，这些天敌会一举消灭鸟类一整年的繁殖努力。由此可知,划线单词指的是“鸟类的天敌”.故选B.【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中Moreover,whenresearchersforcedagraysparrowcalledajunco（whichhassomeofthelowestfledglingsurvivalratesamongthespeciesstudied)tostayinthenestfor13daysinsteadof10,morelivedtoadulthood.Just10%diedwithin7days,comparedwith30％fortheearlybirds。可知此外，当研究人员强迫一只名为灰麻雀的灰麻雀（在研究物种中有一些最低的羽翼成活率）在鸟巢中停留13天而不是10天时,更多的活到成年期。只有10%的麻雀在7天内死亡，而在早期死亡的比例为30％。由此可推知,灰麻雀的情况说明了幼鸟在巢中停留的时间越长,它们的存活率就越高。故选C。【15题详解】细节理解题.根据第五段中Incontrast,birdsthatnestonthegroundorintheopenpushedforearlydepartures.That'sbecausetheysuffercomparativelyhighlossesofchicksinthenest.可知相比之下，在地面或露天筑巢的鸟类则要求提早出发.这是因为它们在巢中损失的雏鸟相对较多。由此可知，根据这项研究,是巢穴的位置决定了雏鸟离开家的时间。故选D。第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项.选项中有两项为多余选项.MakeadifferenceIlovetomakeadifferencetoothers.____16____Doyouwanttocontributetootherpeople'slives,helpingtheminsmallandbigways？Iftheanswerisyes，butyouarefrustratednotbeingabletofollowthrough，keepreading.____17____Itincludesservice，time，ideasandmethods,leavingyourmarkonpeoplesothatiftheywereinterviewed，theywouldsay，yes，thatpersonmadeapositivedifferenceinmylife！____18____Infact，otherthanthechallengeoffindingthetimetodothis,Ican'tthinkofasingledisadvantagetothisinspiration。Beinginspiredtomakeadifferencereallyincreasesyourenergy。Itwillhelpyouattractmoreeffortsandenthusiasmintoyourlife，butthat’snotthepoint！Theproblemisthatweoftendon'tthinkwehaveenoughtimeorresourcestomakeadifference-we’retoobusylivingourlivesorearningaliving。____19____Thisistrulyoneofmyfavoritetoolstoattractmoreenthusiasminaneasywayintomylife。Moreimportantly，Ilovemakingadifferenceinotherpeople'slives.That'swhyIdoit。Attractingenthusiasmisjustthe“side”benefit.WehavealllearnedfromLawofAttractionteachersthatwewillreceivemoreofwhatweare“broadcasting”totheUniverse。____20____A.Itisoneofmytopvalues。B.Actuallywecanaffordtospendtimeonit。C.Makingadifferencewillhelpyouattractmoreattention。D。Sogetinspiredtomakeadifferenceandyourlifewillimprove.E.Tomakeadifference，youcancontributesomethingyouhavetoothers。F.Ifyouwanttomakeadifference，yourenergywillchangewhenyoufocusthere。G.Thereisnothingbutpositiveconsequenceswhenyoufocusonmakingadifference.【答案】16。A17.E18.G19。B20.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了如何改变别人的几点建议。【16题详解】根据前文Ilovetomakeadifferencetoothers.可知我喜欢对别人产生影响。由此可知，空前说我喜欢改变别人，此处承接上文，讲的是改变别人对我的意义，A项中的It指代的就是前面的“makeadifferencetoothers”。故A选项“这是我的最高价值观之一”符合上下文语境，故选A。【17题详解】根据后文Itincludesservice，time，ideasandmethods，leavingyourmarkonpeoplesothatiftheywereinterviewed，theywouldsay，yes,thatpersonmadeapositivedifferenceinmylife!可知它包括服务，时间，想法和方法,给人们留下你的印记，如果他们被采访，他们会说，是的，那个人对我的生活产生了积极的影响!由此可知，后文是对本句的举例说明，因此空处是说你可以通过什么来改变别人.故E选项“要想有所作为，你可以把你的东西贡献给别人”符合上下文语境，故选E。【18题详解】根据后文Infact,otherthanthechallengeoffindingthetimetodothis，Ican'tthinkofasingledisadvantagetothisinspiration.可知事实上，除了找时间做这件事的挑战之外，我想不出这种灵感有什么缺点。由此可知，空后说事实上，除了找时间做这件事的挑战之外，我想不出它还有什么缺点，因此此处是说专注于改变会带来好的结果，故G选项“当你专注于改变的时候，你只会得到积极的结果"符合上下文语境，故选G。【19题详解】根据上文Theproblemisthatweoftendon’tthinkwehaveenoughtimeorresourcestomakeadifference—we’retoobusylivingourlivesorearningaliving.可知问题是我们常常认为我们没有足够的时间或资源去改变-—我们太忙于自己的生活或谋生.由此可知,上文提到我们忙于自己的生活或谋生，觉得没有足够的时间或资源去改变,实际上我们是花得起这样的时间的。故B选项“实际上我们花得起时间”符合上下文语境，故选B.【20题详解】根据上文WehavealllearnedfromLawofAttractionteachersthatwewillreceivemoreofwhatweare“broadcasting”totheUniverse。可知我们都从吸引力定律老师那里学到了,我们将会收到更多我们正在向宇宙“广播”的东西。由此可知，此处总结上文，说的是被激励去改变对自己的好处。故D选项“所以受到鼓舞去做些改变,你的生活将会改善"符合上下文语境，故选D。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Itiseasytodoagooddeed。Therearesomany____21____topracticeloving—kindnessintheday—to-dayhappeningsthat____22____life,likelettingacarpulloutinfrontofsomeoneandthen____23____adoor,wearingasmile。Therearealsootherthingsyoucando:surprisingsomeoneby____24____theirbillsorwritingnotesoflove,____25____andthanksforfamilies,friendsandstrangers.It____26____forahappylifeandjoyfulheart。Lastnightcominghomefromwork，Ifoundayoungmanwho____27____nearmyhomeinthedarkinthemiddleofthestreetlooking____28____andexhausted.Thisyoungmansufferedfromamentalillness。Myfirst____29____wastocallthepoliceorgoandgethisfatherto_____30_____that,buthecametomebeforeIcoulddoeither.Andwetalked.WhenIaskedifhewasOK，he_____31_____answeredstraightawaythathewashavingananxietyattackandhadtakensome_____32_____forit.Hewaswalkingtocalmdownhimselfbecauseofthereaction。Icouldrealizethe_____33_____ofwalkingtocalmdownandsharedtheimportancewithhim.ItoldhimthatIwas_____34_____forhiswalkinginthestreetswhenitwas_____35_____。Hetoldmethathehadaflashlightandwould_____36_____itontohelp.Afterfiveminutesof_____37_____，heheadedhomeashisfatherpulledup。Iwenthome_____38_____aboutourcommunication,andstillworriedabouthis_____39_____whilehewouldbewalkingatnightafterwards.WhatmorecouldIdo?Iwishedhehadsometypeofreflectivedeviceontomakehimmorevisibleto_____40_____soIwentonlineandorderedhimsome。21.A。standards B。opportunities C.honors D.requests22。A.setdown B。watchover C.makeup D.breakoff23.A.holding B。knockingon C。cleaning D.shuttingdown24.A.ignoring B.checking C.reducing D。paying25。A。excitement B。apology C。appreciation D.regret26A。counts B。cares C。allows D.decreases27。A。debated B。worked C。whispered D.wandered28.A。inspired B.puzzled C。enjoyable D.astonished29。A.caution B。sight C。thought D。impression30.A。acknowledge B.accuse C.support D.handle31.A。honestly B.amusingly C.hesitantly D.proudly32.A.food B。rest C.medicine D.patience33.A。waste B.value C。horror D。excuse34.A。concerned B。eager C.ready D。vital35。A.cold B.silent C.lonely D。dark36.A.put B。turn C.carry D。move37.A。conversation B.argument C.prayer D.pleasure38.A.worrying B。complaining C.caring D。thinking39。A。occasions B.security C.orbits D.insurance40。A.parents B.workers C。drivers D.pedestrians【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25。C26.A27.D28。B29。C30。D31.A32.C33。B34.A35.D36.B37.A38。D39。B40。C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。记叙了作者下班回家发现家附近有一个年轻人在徘徊,看起来困惑而疲惫。作者和年轻人交谈后得知年轻人是焦虑症发作，吃了一些药，他走着让自己冷静下来.作者回家后仍然担心年轻人在黑暗里行走的安全问题,于是作者网上给年轻人订购了反光装置，让司机在黑暗中更容易地看到他。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：做一件好事是容易的。在日常生活中，我们有很多机会去练习善与爱,比如让一辆车停在某人面前，然后微笑，扶着车门。A.standards标准；B。opportunities机会；C.honors荣誉；D。requests请求。根据上文“Itiseasytodoagooddeed。”可知，有很多机会可以做好事。故选B.【22题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：做一件好事是容易的。在日常生活中,我们有很多机会去练习善与爱，比如让一辆车停在某人面前,然后微笑，扶着车门.A。setdown记下；B。watchover看守；C.makeup组成，编造;D。breakoff折断。根据上文中的"daytodayhappenings”可知，每天发生的事情组成了生活.故选C。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析.句意:做一件好事是容易的。在日常生活中,我们有很多机会去练习善与爱，比如让一辆车停在某人面前，然后微笑，扶着车门.A。holding支撑，举着；B。knockingon敲击；C。cleaning清理；D.shuttingdown关闭.根据上文中的“likelettingacarpulloutinfrontofsomeone”及语境可知,此处指为别人扶着车门.故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，你还可以做其他事情：通过支付账单给别人一个惊喜,或者为家人、朋友和陌生人写下爱、感激和感谢的便条。A。ignoring忽视；B。checking检查；C.reducing减少；D.paying支付。根据下文中的“theirbills”可知，此处指“为别人付钱”。故选D.【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：此外，你还可以做其他事情:通过支付账单给别人一个惊喜，或者为家人、朋友和陌生人写下爱、感激和感谢的便条。A。excitement激动;B。apology道歉；C.appreciation感激，欣赏；D.regret后悔。根据本句中的“love”和“thanks”可知，此处指为家人、朋友和陌生人写一封带有爱、欣赏和感谢的便条。故选C。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这对于快乐的生活和愉快的心灵是重要的.A.counts重要,计算;B。cares关心；C.allows允许；D。decreases减少。根据下文中的“forahappylifea