英语发音规律整理

重读音节开闭音节读音元音字母重读开音节和闭音节中的读音a①在开音节中/eɪ/name,plane,Jane,baby,cake②在闭音节中1)一般读作/æ/bag,dad,hat,map,black,back2)后面字母为后面字母为st，ss，th时读/ɑ:/e①在开音节中/i:/he,these,me,Chinese②在闭音节中/e/bed,let,pen,desk,yes,eggi①在开音节中/aɪ/bike,drive,time,nice,kite②在闭音节中/ɪ/fish,big,drink,sit,milk,swimo①在开音节中/əʊ/those,close,go,hoe,home,no②在闭音节中/ɒ/clock,not,box,shop,socku①在开音节中

1)/ju:/student,excuse,duty,Tuesday

2)元音字母u在辅音字母j、l、r或字母组合ch、sh、tr、dr后面时（辅音字母发音为[ʃ]、[ʒ]、[tʃ]、[dʒ]、[l]、[r]、[tr]、[dr]），读/u:/，例如：June，blue，ruler，true。②在闭音节中/ʌ/bus,cup,jump,much,lunch特殊读音元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音a①在/w/音后面/ɒ/want,what,watch,wash,quality②在f，n，sk，ph，sp，ss，st，th，lm前/α:/after,plant,ask,grasp,glass,fast,fatheri在-nd，-ld和gh前/aɪ/find,child,light,higho①在-st，-ld前/əʊ/most,postcard,old,cold②在m，n，v，th前/ʌ/come,monkey,love,motherr音节-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音:ar①/α:/car,farm,dark,sharpener②在/w/音后面/ɔ:/warm,quarter,towardsor①/ɔ:/fortymorningshort②/ɜ:/wordworkerworseer，ir，ur/ɜ:/certainlybirdThursday注：①辅音字母r双写时，前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如：carry，sorry，hurry。②-r音节在非重读音节中通常读/ə/音，例如：dollar，teacher，martyr，forget，Saturday。re音节-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音are/eə/care,dare,hareou，ow①/aʊ/flower,house,count,down②/əʊ/know,row,throw,though③/ʌ/young,country,enough④/u:/group,soupour①/ɔ:/course,your,four②/aʊə/our,hour,sour③/ɜ:/journeyoul/ʊ/would,should,could(主要是情态动词、助动词）ui①在j，l，r，s后/u:ɪ/fluid,suicide,tuition②/u:/juice,fruit,suit非重读音节元音字母元音字母在非重读音节中的读音a/ə/China,another,woman,breakfast动词中的a如果处在开音节位置，作动词后缀音，a读/eɪ/音，例如：operate，a处在开音节位置，e/ə/hundred,student,open,weekend,chicken,childreni①/ə/holiday,beautiful,family,animal②/aɪ/exercise,satelliteo①/ə/second,tonight,somebody,welcome②/əʊ/also,zero,photou①/ə/autumn,difficult②/ju:/popular,congratulation,January③在辅音字母j,l,r,s后面时，读/ʊ/或/u:/音，例如：July，influence，February，issue。在非重读音节中，许多单词中的元音字母a，e，i既可以读/ə/的音，也可以读/ɪ/的音。元音字组非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音ai,ay,ei,ey/ɪ/foreign,monkeyow/əʊ/yellow,sparrow,tomorrow注：元音字组在非重读音节中通常读/ə/音或/ɪ/音。例如：serious，famous，biscuit，coffee，neighbour-sion，-tion①/ʃən/impression,nation②在元音字母后/ʒən/vision,decision,occasion③在s后/tʃən/question,suggestion-isle/aɪl/aisle,Carlisle-sten/sən/listen-stle/sl/whistle-sure/ʒə/pleasure,measure

-ture/tʃə/picture,culture复合词元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号，但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。例如：everyday/eɪ/，handbag/æ/，blackboard/ɔ:/。有些词随着语言的发展，前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义，融合成为一个词。其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。例如：holy（神圣）+day/eɪ/（日子）=holiday/ɪ/（假日）：break（中断）+fast/α:/（斋戒）=breakfast/ə/（早餐）；cup（茶杯）+board/ɔ:/（木板）=cupboard/ə/（碗柜）。辅字组读音b①/b/

bike,bus,bag②/不发/bomb,tombc①在e前或在i,y前/s/face,decide,cinema，bicycle②其他情况/k/cake,picture,coat,music③/tʃ/cello、concertoch①/tʃ/much,chick,rich,teacher②/k/school,headache,chemistry（主要为希腊外来词）③/ʃ/machine,moustache（主要是法语外来词）-ck/cq[k]cock,pocket,black,knock,checque，cz[tʃ]

Czechd/d/doctor,bread,hand,day-dg(e)/dʒ/bridge,fridgedr-/dr/children,driver,drinkds/dz/hands（主要用于可数名词复数）f/f/five,four,breakfast/v/ofg①/g/bag,garden,go②在e,i,y之前一般读作/dʒ/，少数例外，orange,large,German，apology，giant③e,i,y之前少数情况下读/ʒ/genre,massagegh①/f/cough,enough②/不发/light,daughter,highgu-，-gue①/g/guess,league,dialogue(-gue在非重读音节中)②/gw/language,anguishh①/h/hot,head,house,hand②/不发/hour,honestj①/dʒ/jeep,jar,joke,join,June②/ʒ/Jacques（用于法国人名）③/h/Juanita（用于西班牙人名）k/k/kind,bike,skate,make,weekkn-/n/knife,know,knockl①/l/life,lead,lot（出现在元音前面）②/ɫ/milk,school,tall[出现在元音后面。可以出现在辅音前，也可出现在辅音后（词尾）]m/m/monkey,come-mn/m/autumn,column,solemnn①/n/not,shine,ten,note②在/k/、/g/音前/ŋ/uncle,thank,hungry-ng/ŋ/morning,young,wrongp/p/paper,plane,pig,ship,penph/f/elephant,photo,telephone,graphq/k/Iraqqu-/kw/quality,quiter/r/red,rubber,rulerrz/ʒ/Zabrze（扎布热）s①在词首、清辅音前/s/sit,sleep,desk②元音字母间或浊辅音前/z/music,husband③sure结构或s+i/e+元音字母时读作/ʃ/或/ʒ/。/ʃ/：ensure，Asian。/ʒ/：pleasure，conclusion。sc-①/sk/scarlet②/s/在i，e和y之前scenery,sciencesch-/ʃ/schedule/英′ʃedju:l,美′skedʒul/sh/ʃ/she,fish,shirt,washt①/t/ten,letter,meet②在弱读字母ia,ie,io前/ʃ/patient,nationtch/tʃ/watchth①/θ/thin,thirty,method②/ð/the,these,with,than,clothe,father,weather（在冠词、代词、介词、连词中，以及在词尾-the，-ther中tr-/tr/tree,train,country,truckts,tz/ts/Tsingtao(青岛),Tientsin(天津),pants（主要用于可数名词复数）quartz,Hertz/英hə:z,美hə:rts/（用于德国人名）v/v/very,voice,love,leavew①/w/week,win,wake,sweet,wait②/不发/answer,two,swordwh-①/w/what,when,w