外研社英语必修四module3

Ⅰ.高频单词思忆1.Languageisamajormeansof______________(交流),whichweknow.2.Thetemplehasbeenconsideredanexampleof________(古典的)design.3.Ourbossisvery_______(正式的).Shedoesn’tcallanyonebytheirfirstname.4.Itis____________(传统的)forthebridegroomtomakeaspeech.基础落实Module3BodyLanguageandNon-verbalCommunicationcommunicationclassicformaltraditional5.Ididn’trealizeputtingonaplay_________(包括)somuchwork.6.Fluisan___________(有感染性的)diseasecharacterizedbyfever,achesandpainsandexhaustion.7.Thecrowd_________(恐慌)atthesoundofthegunfire.8.Womenneedthefull________(平等)withmeninworkplace.9.They’vemadeanurgent_______(请求)forinternationalaid.10.Amothershouldn’tshowtoomuch_______(喜欢)tooneofherchildren.involvedinfectiouspanickedequalityrequestfavourⅡ.重点短语再现1.beon______保持警惕;站岗→guard________sth.防止;提防(某事)2.communicate_____sb.(与某人)交流信息;沟通→communicatesth.__sb.把某物传递给某人→be___communicationwith与……交流3.makea_____达成协议→deal_____处理;涉及→It’s__deal!［口］成交！4.shakehands____sb.同某人握手→shakelikea_____全身发抖→shake__it［口］握手为定5.give_____泄露→givein___屈服于→give__doingsth.放弃做某事guardagainstwithtoindealwithawithleafonawaytoup6.___one’srequest应某人的请求→___one’sinvitation应某人之邀→___request应要求7.____up举起→_____up举起;坚持8.upand_____上上下下→backand______前前后后;来来回回9.by_______________偶然→___purpose故意地10.sayhello/goodbye___向……问好/说再见→_____sb.goodbye向某人挥手告别→_____sb.goodbye吻别atatonliftholddownforthaccident/chanceontowavekiss重点单词1.communicatev.传达;传送;交流;交际

观察思考Thenovelisaboutafamilywhocan’tcommunicatewitheachother.这部小说是关于成员彼此无法沟通的一个家庭。

Ababycommunicateshis/herneedsbycrying.

婴儿用哭声来表达需要。归纳拓展communicationn.沟通;交流communicatewithsb.与某人交流信息/沟通communicatesth.tosb.把。。。(一般指想法、感情、思想等)传达给某人communicatesth.by...通过……表达……beincommunicationwith与……通讯;与……保持联系havenocommunicationwith...与……没有联络/交流活学活用Englishcanhelp____peopleandmakethestayinaforeigncountryeasyandcomfortable.A.agreewithB.communicatewithC.communicatetoD.writeto解析

communicatewithsb.与某人交流信息/沟通。句意为:英语能够帮助人们交流,而且使得在外国停留变得容易和舒适。

B2.(1)varywith随……而变化varyfrom不同于……varyin在……方面不同，有差异varyfrom...to...由……到……情况不等(2)varietyn．变化，多样性，种类avarietyof(varietiesof)各种各样的(3)variousadj.各种各样的；多方面的3.involvevt.包括;牵涉;使参与观察思考Youhaveinvolvedmeinagreatdealofextrawork.

你给我添了一大堆额外的工作。Howmanyvehicleswereinvolvedinthecrash?

这起撞车事故涉及多少辆汽车？Shewasinvolvedinreadingallnight.她整晚都在专心致志地读书。归纳拓展involvedadj.有关的;有牵连的;复杂的involvesb.in(doing)sth.使某人参与(干)某事involve(sb.)doingsth.包括(让某人)干某事;需要(某人)干某事get/beinvolvedwith和……混在一起;和……有密切联系get/beinvolvedin卷入……;参与……get/beinvolvedindoingsth.一心一意做某事

注意involvedadj.作前置定语时,意为“复杂

的”;作后置定语时,意为“涉及到的”。

theinvolvedsituation

复杂的形势(前置定语)

thepeopleinvolved

所涉及的人(后置定语)活学活用He’sdeeplyinvolved____herandfeelshemustmarryher.A.inB.toC.withD.for解析be/getinvolvedwith和……有密切联系。

C4.dealn.交易;协议;大量;v.相处;处理

观察思考

Ihatedealingwithlargeimpersonalcompanies.我讨厌与那些没有人情味的大公司打交道。Ourbankdealsinstocksandsharesnow.我们银行现在经营债券与股票。归纳拓展makeadealwithsb.与某人达成一笔交易Itisadeal！［口］成交！(就这么办吧！)agreat/gooddealof许多的,大量的dealin经营买卖dealwith处理;做生意;涉及;论述That’sadeal.一言为定

注意deal用作名词指“协议,交易”时,多指生意或政治上双方的协议;作动词时,过去式和过去分词为dealt。易混辨异dowith/dealwith在表示“处理,对待”时,dowith和dealwith在陈述句中可以互相替换。但是在特殊疑问句中，表示“怎么处理,怎么对待”时,用法不同。Whatdoyoudowiththedifficultiesyouface?=Howdoyoudealwiththedifficultiesyouface?活学活用—Let’smeetatthestationat6∶00a.m.thisSaturday,OK?—____Anyoneshouldn’tbelate.A.That’sadeal!B.Callitadeal!C.It’sadeal!D.Alltheabove.解析A,B,C三项都表示“就这么定了;一言为定”,均符合句意。D5.panicv.(使)惊慌;(使)惊恐;n.惊慌;恐慌

观察思考IpanickedwhenIsawsmokecomingoutoftheengine.我看见发动机冒烟时,吓得手足无措。Panictookholdofhimandhecouldn’tmove.

他突然惊慌得动弹不得。归纳拓展panicodoingsth.使某人因惊慌而做某事beinapanic处于恐慌中getintoapanic陷入恐慌

注意

panic的过去式、过去分词分别是panicked,panicked。

6.requestn.&v.请求,要求观察思考Hewasthereattherequestofhismanager.他按照经理的要求到了那里。Alltheclubmembersarerequestedtoattendtheannualmeeting.所有的俱乐部成员都被要求出席年会。归纳拓展atsb.’srequest应某人的要求onrequest一经要求byrequest应……的要求(请求)requeststh.from/ofsb.requestsb.todosth.请求某人做某事易混辨异request/ask/demand/require(1)request指通过正式手续非常有礼貌、客气地“请求”,常用于恐怕对方由于种种原因不能答应的场合。(2)ask是常用词，往往带有期望得到肯定答复的意思。(3)demand语气严厉,表示非答应不可的“要求”。(4)require强调根据事业、需要或纪律、法律等而提出的“要求”。活学活用用request,ask,demand,require的适当形式填空(1)He______mewhereTomwas.(2)Thepolice_________thatallthepersonsinthehousecomeoutimmediately.(3)AllI__________ofyouwasthatyoucomeearlier.(4)Mr.Green_________hisstudentstokeepsilence.askeddemandedrequestedrequired7.favourn.好意;恩惠;帮助;v.支持;喜爱

Canyoudomeafavourandturnoffthatlight?

劳您大驾,请把那盏灯关上好吗？EveryoneisinfavourofTom’sproposal.每个人都赞同汤姆的提议。Thepresidentisbelievedtofavourfurthertaxcuts.大家认为总统支持进一步减税。归纳拓展favourableadj.赞成的;有利的,有帮助的favouriteadj.最喜欢的;最有希望的(无比较、最高级)askafavourofsb.=asksb.afavour请某人帮忙doafavourforsb.=dosb.afavour给某人恩惠,帮某人的忙infavour得宠的;流行的inone’sfavour受(某人)喜爱的,对(某人)有利的infavourof支持,赞同活学活用Mysisterwasagainstmysuggestionwhilemybrotherwas____it.A.infavourofB.inmemoryofC.inhonourofD.insearchof解析infavourof赞成,支持;inmemoryof纪念;inhonourof为了对……表示敬意;insearchof寻找。A重点短语与句型1.holdup举起,抬起;阻碍;使停顿;支撑

观察思考Thebuildingworkhasbeenheldupbybadweather.由于天气不好,建筑工程被耽搁下来了。

归纳拓展holdback缩回;阻止;隐瞒;抑制holdin抑制(感情等)holdout伸出;提供;坚持;维持holddown阻止(某人),制止;限制holdonto抓紧;不放开;保住(优势等);不送(或不卖)某物holdon等着;停住;坚持住;等一下(别挂断)活学活用____

amomentandIwillgotoyourrescue.A.GoonB.HoldonC.MoveonD.Carryon解析goon继续;holdon抓住不放,坚持;moveon继续前进;carryon继续进行。根据后句的“Iwillgotoyourrescue”可知,这里应是“坚持住;别松手”的意思。B2.giveaway赠送;泄露;丧失观察思考Ineedtogiveawaysomeoftheseoldbabyclothes.

我需要把这些旧的婴儿衣服送出去一些。Don’tgiveawaymysecret.

不要泄露我的秘密。归纳拓展giveup放弃;让出;戒掉giveback送还,归还givein交上;投降,屈服giveoff发出;释放giveout分发;放出;用完,耗尽giveway让路;让步givewayto给……让路/让步;被……代替活学活用用givein,giveup,giveout,giveaway的适当形式填空(1)Thebravesoldierpreferreddyingto__________.(2)Afteramonth,ourfoodsupplies________.(3)—Smokingisbadforyourhealth.—Yes,Iknow.ButIcan’tsimply_____it____.(4)Herface____her____whenshetoldalie.

givingingaveoutgiveupawaygave(教材原句P22)WheninRome，doastheRomansdo.WheninRome＝WhenyouareinRome.when，while，if，asif，although/though，as，until，once，whether，unless，where等引导的从句中，如果其谓语为be，而主语与主句的主语相同时，则从句的主语和be可省略。有时从句的主语为it时，也可省略it或从句中的有关成分。1.When(Iwas)walkingalongthestreet，Iheardmy

name

called.当我一个人在街上走的时候，我听见有人叫我的名字。2.Unless(itis)necessary，you’dbetternotrefertothedictionary.除非有必要，你最好不要参考词典。12.(2010·浙江卷)Theexperimentshowsthatproperamountsofexercise，if________regularly，canimproveourhealth.A．beingcarriedout B．carryingoutC．carriedout D．tocarryout答案：

C13．(2009·湖南卷)Everyeveningafterdinner，ifnot________fromwork，Iwillspendsometimewalkingmydog.A．beingtired B．tiringC．tired

D．tobetired解析：根该句是ifIamnottired的省略。betiredfrom表示“因……而疲劳”。答案：

C(教材原句P22)Onepersonthenholdsuphishand，palmoutwardsandfivefingersspread.然后一个人举起手，手掌向外，五指分开。本句中独立主格结构palmoutwards和fivefingersspread作状语。前一个独立主格结构的构成方式是：名词＋副词；后一个独立主格结构的构成方式是：名词＋过去分词。①Weatherpermitting，theywillgoforanoutingtotheseasidetomorrow如果天气允许的话，他们明天将去海边游玩。②Classover，thechildrenrushedoutoftheclassroom.下课了，孩子们冲出教室。③Workfinished，theywenthome.14.(重庆高考)Thechildrenwenthomefromthegrammarschool，theirlessons________fortheday.A．finishing B．finishedC．hadfinished

D．werefinished答案：B15．(山东高考)Thecountryhasalreadysentupthreeunmannedspacecraft，themostrecent________attheendoflastMarch.A．hasbeenlaunched B.having

beenlaunchedC．beinglaunchedD．tobelaunched答案：B【例1】____

hungryIam,Ineverseemtobeabletofinishoffthisloafofbread.(辽宁高考)A.WhateverB.WheneverC.WhereverD.However

解析句意为:无论我是多么饥饿,我似乎永远都不能吃完这个面包。A项“无论什么”;B项“无论在什么时候”;C项“无论在哪里”;D项“无论多么”。

课文原文Howeverhungryyouare,youshouldn’tstarttoeatbeforeyourhostdoes.考题回扣D【例2】—Sorry,Ihaveto____now.It’stimeforclass.—OK,I’llcallbacklater.(天津高考)A.hangupB.breakupC.giveupD.holdup

解析hangup挂断电话;breakup分解,分裂；拆散;giveup放弃;holdup支撑;耽搁。由语境中出现的callbacklater可知，此处应选择与打电话有关的短语。课文原文Onepersonthenholdsuphishand,palmoutwardsandfivefingersspread.A【例3】ItisusuallywarminmyhometowninMarch,butit____berathercoldsometimes.(福建高考)A.mustB.canC.shouldD.would

解析must必然,一定;can可能;should应该;would(过去)将,总会。本题提供的语境是“有时可能会……”。

课文原文Inalloftheseexamples,thehandsarebusywiththegreetingandcan’tholdaweapon.B【例4】Withtheworldchangingfast,wehavesomethingnew____withallbyourselveseveryday.(重庆高考)A.dealB.dealtC.todealD.dealing

解析句意为:随着世界的快速变化,每天我们都有些新东西要自行应对。由句意知,表示“有……要做”要用have...todo。

课文原文Soeveryculturehasdevelopedaformalway

togreetstrangers,toshowthemwearenotaggressive.C【例5】Wetriedtofindatableforseven,buttheywereall____.(安徽高考)A.givenawayB.keptawayC.takenupD.usedup

解析

句意为:我们想要找到一个七人餐桌,但它们都被占用了。giveaway泄露;分发;keepaway使离开;useup用尽,均不合题意。takeup占据,符合题意。

课文原文Peoplegiveawaymuchmorebytheirgesturesthanbytheirwords.C写作技能翻译重组的基本方法一、合并法合并法是把若干个短句合并成一个长句。汉语强调意合，结构较松散，因此简单句较多；英语强调形合，结构较严密，因此长句较多。所以汉译英时要根据需要注意利用连词、分词、介词、不定式、定语从句、独立结构等把汉语短句连成长句。如：没有农业，人类便不能生存，社会生产也就不能继续下去。Butfor/Withoutagriculture,humancouldnotexist,norcouldsocialproductioncontinue.二、正译法和反译法所谓正译，是指把句子按照与汉语相同的语序或表达方式译成英语。所谓反译则是指把句子按照与汉语相反的语序或表达方式译成英语。正译与反译常常具有同义的效果，但反译往往更符合英语的思维方式和表达习惯，因此比较地道。如：政府应致力于降低房价，让百姓买得起房。正译：Thegovernmentshouldmakeeffortstobringdownthepricesofhousessothatpeoplecanaffordthem.反译：Thegovernmentshouldmakeeffortstobringdownthepricesofhousessothathousesareavailable（topeople）.

三、倒置法在汉语中，定语修饰语和状语修饰语往往位于被修饰语之前；在英语中，许多修饰语常常位于被修饰语之后，因此翻译时往往要把原文的语序颠倒过来。如：改革开放以来，中国发生了巨大的变化。GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChinasincetheintroductionofthereformandopeningpolicy.

四、插入法把难以处理的句子用破折号、括号或前后逗号插入译句中，即用同位语、插入语或定语从句来处理一些解释性成分。如：在某种程度上，成功源自自信，而成功也会增强自信。Tosomeextent,successresultsfromselfconfidencewhileitalsohelpsenhanceselfconfidence.即时练习——请用以上翻译重组的技巧翻译下列句子1.他仍然没有弄懂我的意思。（正反译）2.我们需要大量有丰富经验的志愿者。3.我们觉得帮助他人是我们的职责。Hestillcouldnotunderstandme.（正译）Stillhefailedtounderstandme.（反译）Weneedanumberofvolunteerswhohaverichexperience.Wefeelitourdutytohelpothers.4.不保护环境，我们就将没有干净的饮用水。5.我们可以通过经常锻炼和保持健康的饮食来强身健体。6.我想知道讲座是否有录音。如果有，我可以借吗？（插入法）Ifwedonotprotecttheenvironment,wewillhavenocleandrinkingwater.Wecanbuildupourbodybytakingregularexerciseandkeepingahealthydiet.Iwonderifthelecturewasrecorded.Ifso,canIborrowatape?7.我的家乡位于北江河畔，是个风景秀丽适合居住的城市。8.如果您能考虑我的建议，我将感激不尽。Myhometown,abeautifulcitylocatedontheBeijingRiver,isaplacesuitableforliving.I’llappreciateitverymuchifyoucouldconsidermyadvice.Ⅰ.品句填词1.She________(做手势)herdisappointmentbylayingherhandonherforehead.2.Youareonly_________(稍稍)underweightforyourheight.3.Thiswoundedsoldierwas____________(无意识的)forlosingalotofblood.4.Thisfestivalis______________(传统地)heldinMay.5.Shemaybeangryifyoudon’treplytoher___________(邀请).自主检测gesturedslightlyunconscioustraditionallyinvitation6.Their_____________(交流)lastedabouttwohoursabouttheproblem.7.Everydayeachofusmakesdecisionsthat________(包含)takingachance.8.Theprotestsbecamemoreviolentandmanylandownerswere________(惊慌)intoleavingthecountry.9.Theblackpeoplearestillstrugglingfor_________(平等)withthewhites.10.Peopleareeasilybe__________(传染)bythepersonswhohavegotA(H1N1)flu.communicationinvolvepanickedequalityinfectedⅡ.词语运用1.Thevillagersare

againsttheflooddayandnight.2.We_____________onourwaytotheairportinatrafficjam.3.Icame_______special________.4.Ispoke____________hisopinion.5.Mygrandfatherusedtowalk___________intheyard,withabookinhishand.onguard,makeadeal,holdup,giveaway,liftup,upanddown,switchon,sayhelloto,atone’srequest,infavorofonguardwereheldupatyourrequestinfavorofupanddown6.Itwastoodarkintheroom,sohe___________thelight.7.Thebehaviorofthethief____himself____andwascaughtbythepoliceman.8.Asastudent,youshould_____________yourteacherswhenmeetingthem.9.Fortunately,thetwoparts____________attheendofthediscussion.10.Nobodycan________thestonebucketinthisarea.switchedongaveawaysayhellotomadeadealliftupⅢ.翻译句子1.请不要把我牵连到你们的问题中。(involve)Pleasedon’tinvolvemeinyourproblem.2.他要求用完房子后要清理一下。(request)Herequestedthattheroom(should)becleanedafterbeingused.3.人们通过姿势所传达的信息比用语言所传达的要多。(giveaway)Peoplegiveawaymoreinformationbytheirgesturesthanbytheirwords.4.无论何时需要,你都可以向我求助。(whenever)Youcanturntomeforhelpwhenevernecessary.5.Ifyouhaveameal,don’tstarteatingbeforeeveryoneelseisserved.假如你在吃饭,在别人的饭菜未端上来之前不要开始吃。Ⅳ.单项填空1.Allclubmembersarerequested____theannualmeeting.A.attendingB.toattendC.forattendingD.tobeattended

解析句意为:要求所有的俱乐部成员都要出席年会。requestsb.todosth.要求某人做某事,故选B项。

B2.Thereweretoomanypeople____thematter.A.involvingB.involvinginC.involvedD.involvedin

解析beinvolvedinsth.与……有牵连。句意为:太多的人与此事有瓜葛。3.Honestyisakindofqualityandthat’swhatittakesto____withotherssuccessfully.A.communicateB.reportC.sayD.tell

解析communicatewithsb.和某人交流。其它三个词不和with搭配使用。DA4.—Areyouworriedabouthersafety?—Just____.Sheisn’talone.A.entirelyB.slightlyC.graduallyD.generally

解析由答语中的just和sheisn’talone知是“有一点儿担心”。5.Thosechildren____whentheyrealizedthattheyhadlosttheirway.A.hurriedoffB.leftC.nervousaboutD.panicked

解析句意为:当他们意识到他们迷路了,那些孩子变得惊慌失措起来。BD6.Featuressuchasheight,weight,andskincolor____fromindividualtoindividual.A.changeB.varyC.alterD.convert

解析vary常和from搭配使用,构成:varyfrom...to...由……到……不等。7.Wehaveplantedagreatmanytreesinorderto____windandsandinthedesert.A.holddownB.holdupC.holdbackD.holdout

解析

holdback阻挡;holddown抑制(价格等);holdup举起;推迟;holdout伸出;坚持。BC8.It’sbadmannersto____whenothersaretalkingtoyou.A.switchto