常用英语语法术语表高中英语竞赛课件

常用英语语法术语及英语专业四级语法题常见术语常用英语语法术语语法grammar句法syntax词法morphology结构structure层次rank句子sentence从句clause词组phrase词类partofspeech单词word实词notionalword虚词structuralword感叹词exclamation形容词adjective名词具体名词concretenoun物质名词materialnoun集体名词collectivenoun个体名词individualnoun介词preposition连词conjunction副词副词adverb方式副词adverbofmanner程度副词adverbofdegree时间副词adverboftime地点副词adverbofplace修饰性副词adjunct连接性副词conjunct疑问副词interrogativeadverb关系副词relativeadverb动词动词verb主动词mainverb及物动词transitiveverb不及物动词intransitiveverb系动词linkverb助动词auxiliaryverb情态动词modalverb规则动词regularverb不规则动词irregularverb短语动词phrasalverb限定动词finiteverb非限定动词infiniteverb使役动词causativeverb感官动词verbofsenses动态动词eventverb静态动词stateverb代词代词pronoun人称代词personalpronoun物主代词possessivepronoun反身代词reflexivepronoun相互代词reciprocalpronoun指示代词demonstrativepronoun疑问代词interrogativepronoun关系代词relativepronoun不定代词indefinitepronoun名词性物主代词nominalpossessivepronoun形容词性物主代词adjectivalpossessivepronoun冠词冠词article定冠词definitearticle不定冠词indefinitearticle数词数词numeral基数词cardinalnumeral序数词ordinalnumeral分数词fractionalnumeral形式形式form单数形式singularform复数形式pluralform限定动词finiteverbform非限定动词non-finiteverbform原形baseform从句从句clause从属句subordinateclause并列句coordinateclause名词从句nominalclause定语从句attributiveclause状语从句adverbialclause宾语从句objectclause主语从句subjectclause同位语从句appositiveclause时间状语从句adverbialcluseoftime地点状语从句adverbialclauseofplace方式状语从句adverbialclauseofmanner让步状语从句adverbialclauseofconcession从句原因状语从句adverbialclauseofcause结果状语从句adverbialclauseofresult目的状语从句adverbialclauseofpurpose条件状语从句adverbialclauseofcondition真实条件状语从句adverbialclauseofrealcondition非真实条件状语从句adverbialclauseofunrealcondition含蓄条件句adverbialclauseofimpliedcondition错综条件句adverbialclauseofmixedcondition句子一般疑问句generalquestion特殊疑问句specialquestion选择疑问句alternativequestion附加疑问句tagquestion反义疑问句disjunctivequestion修辞疑问句rhetoricalquestion感叹疑问句exclamatoryquestion基本句型存在句existentialsentence肯定句positivesentence否定句negativesentence祈使句Imperativesentence省略句ellipticalsentence感叹句exclamatorysentence基本句型basicsentencepattern句子成分句法关系句法关系syntacticrelationship并列coordinate从属subordination

修饰modification前置修饰pre-modification后置修饰post-modification限制restriction双重限制double-restriction非限制non-restriction数数number单数形式singularform复数形式pluralform规则形式regularform不规则形式irregularform格性人称人称person第一人称firstperson第二人称secondperson第三人称thirdperson时态时态tense过去将来时pastfuturetense过去将来进行时pastfuturecontinuoustense过去将来完成时pastfutureperfecttense一般现在时presentsimpletense一般过去时pastsimpletense一般将来时futuresimpletense现在完成时pastperfecttense过去完成时presentperfecttense将未完成时futureperfecttense现在进行时presentcontinuoustense过去进行时pastcontinuoustense将来进行时futurecontinuoustense过去将来进行时pastfuturecontinuoustense现在完成进行时presentperfectcontinuoustense过去完成进行时pastperfectcontinuoustense语态语态voice主动语态activevoice被动语态passivevoice语序语序order自然语序naturalorder倒装语序inversion全部倒装fullinversion部分倒装partialinversion直接引语directspeech间接引语indirectspeech自由直接引语freedirectspeech自由间接引语freeindirectspeech语音语音pronunciation语调tone升调risingtone降调fallingtone降升调falling-risingtone语气语气mood陈述语气indicativemood祈使语气imperativemood虚拟语气subjunctivemood一致一致agreement主谓一致subject-predicateagreement语法一致grammaticalagreement概念一致notionalagreement就近原则principleofproximity强调emphasis重复repetition否定否定negation否定范围scopeofnegation全部否定fullnegation局部否定partialnegation转移否定shiftofnegation文体文体style正式文体formal非正式文体informal口语spoken／oralEnglish套语formulisticexpression英国英语BritishEnglish美国英语AmericanEnglish用法usage感情色彩英语专业四级语法题常见术语Aabbreviation缩写absolute独立成分accent口音accidence词性变化adjective形容词adnominal定语adverb(ial)副词affix(ation)词缀agreement一致apposition(al)同位语的artical冠词attribution定语auxiliary助动词Bbar杠eg.singular-bar单杠double-bar双杠bilingual双语的blocklanguage块语

eg.oneway单行道Ccontrast对比corpus语料correspond对应counter-example反例criteria标准Ddemotion降级determiner限定词diagramming图解directobject/DO直接宾语Eelement成分embed嵌套expression词语，表达Ffeature特征friction摩擦futuretense将来时Ggeneral一般的，普遍的genitive属格

genre语体given已知信息Hhabitual惯常体ideational概念idiom(atic)成语（的）imperative祈使式indirectobject间接宾语interpretive解释性的interrogative疑问式intonation语调intrinsic内在的intuition直觉，语感inversion倒置Llexis词汇loan外来语Nneutral中性的non-restrictive非限制的noun名词-phrase名词组null空，零Oobject宾语obligatory强制性的optional非强制的ordinal序数词Ppartofspeech词类passive被动的perfect完成时phonetic语音的phrasalverb短语动词phrase短语plane平面的pastperfecttense过去完成时possessivepronoun领属代词post-后置的predicate谓语prepose前置preposition介词process加工progressive进行时pronoun代词proper专有【名词】Qquotative引用语Rrate语速r-colouring带r音色recessive隐退的reciprocal互相的root词根Sserialverb连动式e.g.I’llgosee.setting定式shift转变singular单数slash斜杠slipofthetongue口误stem