人教版（2023） 选择性必修 第三册 Unit 3 Environmental Protection Language points PPT(共30张)

第第页人教版（2023）选择性必修第三册Unit3EnvironmentalProtectionLanguagepointsPPT(共30张)(共30张PPT)

melt

ecology

habitable

sustain

thewayinwhichplants,animals,andpeoplearerelatedtoeachotherandtotheirenvironment,orthescientificstudyofthis

tomakesomethingcontinuetoexistorhappenforaperiodoftime

goodenoughforpeopletolivein

itchangestoaliquid,usuallybecauseithasbeenheated.

Matching

词根词缀：eco-经济，生态-logy学说

ecologicaladj.生态的;生态学的

ecologistn.生态学家ecosystemn.生态系统

fuel

comprehensive

worldwide

trend

includingallthenecessaryfacts,details,orproblemsthatneedtobedealtwith

asubstancesuchascoal,gas,oroilthatcanbeburnedtoproduceheatorenergy

ageneraltendencyinthewayasituationischangingordeveloping

everywhereintheworld

frequently

broadcast

policy

footprint

awayofdoingsomethingthathasbeenofficiallyagreedandchosenbyapoliticalparty,business,orotherorganization

veryoftenormanytimes

amarkmadebyafootorshoe

tosendoutradioortelevisionprogrammes

1.ThereislittledoubtthatEarthisgettingwarmerandwarmer.

Thereislittledoubt...几乎没有疑问的是……

Thereisnodoubtthat...毫无疑问的是……

Thereissomedoubtaboutsth.对……值得怀疑

that引导同位语从句，解释说明doubt的具体内容

注意：doubt前有否定意义的词修饰时，其后的同位语从句由that引导；doubt前有肯定意义的词修饰时，其后的同位语从句由whether或if引导。

e.g.Ontheotherhand,thereislittledoubtthatpeoplewithlowEQsoftenhaveproblemsgettingonwithotherpeople.

Thereisnodoubtthatheishonest.

Thereissomedoubtabouthisability.

IhavesomedoubtwhetherhewillbefitintimefornextSunday’smatch.

2.Accordingtothescientistswhofounditsdeadbody,allthatremainedofthepolarbearwas“skinandbones”.

who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词scientists

that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词all,that不能用which代替

句意：根据发现北极熊尸体的科学家的说法，这只北极熊只剩下了“皮和骨头”。

3.Anexportwhohasstudiedpolarbearsformanyyearssaidthatfromthepositionofitsdeadbody,thebearappearedtohavestarvedanddied.

本句中appear是系动词，tohavestarvedanddied是不定式作表语。starve这个动作发生在appear之前，所以用完成式的形式来表达。

starvev.tosufferordiebecauseyoudonothaveenoughtoeat(使)挨饿;饿死

e.g.Thousandsofpeoplewillstarveiffooddoesn'treachthere.

Theschoolsarestarvedoffunding.

starvetodeath饿死

bestarveof/for缺乏/急需……

【语境应用】翻译句子。

1)那次饥荒(famine)中有许多人饿死了。

2)那个可怜的孩子急需关注。

3)给我准备些吃的！我快饿死了！

Manypeoplestarvedtodeathbecauseofthefamine.

Thepoorkidisjuststarvedforattention.

Pleasepreparesomefoodforme.I’mstarving!

which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰the“greenhouseeffect”

过去分词作后置定语，修饰名词process

句意：气候学家经常提到一个被称为“温室效应”的关键气候过程，它有两个常见的含义：“自然”温室效应和“人为”温室效应。

4.Climatescientistsoftenmentionakeyclimateprocesscalledthe“greenhouseeffect”,whichhastwocommonmeanings:the“natural”greenhouseeffectandthe“man-made”greenhouseeffect.

5.Theheatisreleasedbackintospaceatlongerwavelengths.

releasevt.:toletasubstanceflowout排放；释放

releasesth.intosth.

e.g.Oilwasreleasedintothesea.

Coalpowerstationsreleasesulphurdioxide(二氧化硫)

intotheatmosphere.

releasevt.:toletnewsorofficialinformationbeknownandprinted发布

e.g.Thelatestnewshasjustbeenreleasedtothemedia.

releasen.排放；释放；发布

e.g.Theaccidentcausedthereleaseofradioactivity(放射性物质)intotheatmosphere.

Therearestrictrulesonthereleaseofofficialinformation.

【语境应用】单句语法填空。

Theprisonerhasservedhissentenceand_______________(release)tomorrow.

Whenshewasalone,sheburstintotears,______________(release)allheremotions.

willbereleased

releasing

6.Withoutthisprocess,Earthcouldnotsustainlife.

sustainv.tomakesomethingcontinuetoexistorhappenforaperiodoftime保持，维持，使持续

e.g.Shefounditdifficulttosustainthechildren'sinterest.

sustainv.tosufferdamage,aninjury,orlossofmoney遭受，经受

e.g.Twoofthefire-fighterssustainedseriousinjuries.

【拓展】

sustainableadj.可持续的，合理利用的

sustainableeconomicgrowth经济的可持续增长

【语境应用】完成句子。

1)Theicewastoothinto_____________________(承受体重)ofthegoat.

2)Thetyphoonleft,andthecityhad______________________(遭受巨大破坏).

3)Theaimofthemeetingwastopromote__________________________(可持续发展)inthatarea.

sustaintheweight

sustainedgreatdamage

sustainabledevelopment

7.Whenpeopleproducehugeamountsofextragreenhousegasesbyburningfossilfuels,moreheatenergyistrappedtheatmosphereandcausesEarth’ssurfacetemperaturetorisequickly.

hugeamountsof+不可数名词大量，许多

修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式

ahugeamountof+不可数名词大量，许多

修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式

e.g.Ahugeamountofmoneyhasbeenspentonthisproject.

e.g.Hugeamountsofdamagehavebeendoneinashorttime.

(1)一般只用来修饰可数名词复数形式的有：

agreat/goodmany,agreat/large/goodnumberof,quiteafew等。

(2)一般只用来修饰不可数名词的有:

quitealittle,agreatdealof,alargeamountof,largeamountsof等。

【归纳】

表示“许多，大量”的短语：

(3)既可修饰可数名词复数形式，又可修饰不可数名词的有：

plentyof,alotof,lotsof,amassof,massesof等，这时谓语动词的单复数形式取决于它们后面所接的名词的形式。

(4)alargequantityof和largequantitiesof后既可接可数名词复数形式，又可接不可数名词，这时谓语动词的单复数形式要由quantity的单复数形式来决定。

【语境应用】从括号内选择适当的词填空。

1)It’sreportedthatagoodamountofmoney______(was/were)spenttopreventandcontroldesertification(荒漠化).

2)Alargenumberofhouses______(was/were)destroyedintheearthquake.

3)Ithinkthatlargeamountsoftime______(is/are)wastedinwatchingTVseries.

4)Alargequantityofflowers______(has/have)beenplantedinourschool.

was

were

are

has

8.Thereisstrongandcomprehensiveevidencethattheriseintemperaturehasledtoanincreaseinextremeweatherandnaturaldisastersworldwide,notonlycausingseriousdamage,butalsocostinghumanlives.

主句

剩余的部分是that引导的同位语从句，解释evidence的具体内容。

notonly…,butalso…是两个并列的现在分词短语作结果状语

9.Infact,newsreportsarefrequentlybroadcastaboutextremerainstormsandheatwavescausingdeathsandeconomiclosses.

现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰rainstormsandheatwaves

broadcastv.tosendoutradioortelevisionprogrammes广播;播送

e.g.TheinterviewwasbroadcastliveacrossChina.

broadcastv.totellsth.toalotofpeople使广为传播，散布

e.g.Don’tbroadcastthefactthathelosthisjob.

broadcastn.aprogrammeontheradioorontelevision

广播节目;电视节目

anewsbroadcast一档新闻节目

alivebroadcastoftheconcert音乐会的现场直播

【点拨】

alivebroadcast(n.)

broadcast(v.)live

现场直播

10.Continuedgreenhousegasemissionswillresultinfurtherwarmingandlong-lastingchangestotheglobalclimate.

resultin:tomakesomethinghappen导致，造成

e.g.Theaccidentresultedinthedeathoftwopassengers.

Oureffortsresultedinsuccess.

【拓展】

resultfrom...由……造成；因……而产生

asaresultof...由于……的结果

asaresult结果(在句中常用作插入语,相当于一个副词)

egHisfailureresultedfromnotworkinghardenough.

Heisunabletogotoschoolasaresultofthefallfromhishorse.

Hesavedthelifeoftheboss’daughter.Asaresulthewasgivenanexcellentjob.

【语境应用】翻译下面句子。

1)他的粗心导致了他的失败。

2)他犯了一个大错误，因此失去了工作。

3)疾病通常是由缺乏睡眠引起的。

Hiscarelessnessresultedinhisfailure.

Hemadeonebigmistake,andasaresulthelosthisjob./Helosthisjobasaresultofonebigmistake.

Sicknessoftenresultsfromlackofsleep.

11.Weasindividualscanalsoreduceour“carbonfootprint”byrestrictingtheamountofcarbondioxideourlifestylesproduce.

restrictvt.tolimitorcontrolthesize,amount,orrangeofsomething限制；限定

e.g.Infuturewewillrestrictclasssizesto20students.

I'mrestrictingmyselftoapieceofcandyaday.

省略了that/which的定语从句，修饰先行词carbondioxide

restrictionn.aruleorlawthatlimitsorcontrolswhatpeoplecando限制规定；限制法规；约束

e.g.Theparkisopentothepublicwithoutrestriction.

Itisaclubwithstrictrestrictionsonitsmembership.

Iamrestrictedtothreecupsofteaaday.

【语境应用】翻译下列句子。

1)我被限制一天喝三杯茶。

2)他不喜欢他们限制他选择的自由。

Hedislikestheirrestrictionofhisfreedomofchoice.

12.Itisourresponsibilitytoseizeeveryopportunitytoeducateeveryoneaboutglobalwarming,alongwithitscausesandimpacts,becausethisisthemostseriousissueaffectingallofusintheplanet.

seizevt.totakeholdofsomething