北京宏志中学2022-2023学年高三英语上学期期末试题含解析

北京宏志中学2022-2023学年高三英语上学期期末试题含解析一、选择题1.Truelovenevercomesmoothly.However,inyourlifetimesearching,itmayquietly_______withoutyournotice.A.comeacross

B.comeabout

C.cometolife

D.comeintobeing参考答案：D2.Itiscommon

togivechildrenandtheseniorssomeluckymoneyontheeveoftheSpringFestival. A．practice B．reality C．knowledge D．belief参考答案：A3.(2015·重庆)Likeancientsailors,birdscanfindtheirway__________thesunandthestars.A.used B.havingusedC.using D.use参考答案：C考查非谓语动词。句意：象古代的水手，鸟能利用太阳和星辰来找到他们的路。谓语动词是canfind，故use用非谓动词作伴随状语，与逻辑主语birds是主动关系，用现在分词做伴随状语，根据句意，use这一动作与谓语动词动作同时，用现在分词的一般式。故选C。【点睛】伴随状语是指状语从句的动作伴随主句发生，它的特点是：它所表达的动作或状态是伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或存在的，这个考点在高考中经常出现，本题考查的是分词做伴随状语，分为现在分词和过去分词，现在分词短语表示与主句的主语在逻辑上有主谓关系，即表示主动意义；而过去分词短语则表示与主句的主语在逻辑上是动宾关系，即被动意义；Hesenmeane-mailhopingtogefurtherinformation他给我发一封电子邮件，希望得到更多的信息；Hehurriedtothehall,followedbytwoguards.他匆忙进了大厅，后面跟着两个警卫。4.---YouknowJane?---Yes,itwas____IsurfedtheInternetlastweek.A.that

B.when

C.why

D.whom

参考答案：B解析：强调句.题中答语省略了thatImether.题意为“就是上周我上网的时候才认识她的.”5.—WordcamethatKittywillgotoTibettoworkasavolunteerteacher.—______Shehasn’tfinishedcollegeyet.A.Soundsgreat!

B.It’soutofthequestion!C.Notreally.

D.Icouldn’tagreemore参考答案：B考查交际用语。句意为：“有消息说基蒂要去西藏当志愿教师。”“那不可能。她大学还没毕业呢。”It’soutofthequestion!意为“那不可能！”Soundsgreat!听起来很好！Notreally.事实上不。Icouldn’tagreemore.我非常赞同。6.Thecountrylifehewasusedto____greatlyinthepastdecade．

A．change

B．haschanged

C．changing

D．havechanged参考答案：B7.Thepoliceannouncedthattheyhad

apsychologisttocommunicatewiththecriminalsinthehopethattheycouldceasefireandreducethedamage.A.appealedto

B.arrangedfor

C.broughtout

D.setaside参考答案：B8.Surelyhe____haveforgottenaboutthewedding!Buthehastoputbusinessfirst.

A.needn’t

B.mustn’t

C.can’t

D.shouldn’t

参考答案：C9.Wehave____thisimportantresponsibilityforournation,_

isagreatnationoffivethousandyearshistory．A．takenup;what

B．takenon;whichC．takenup;which

D．takenon;what参考答案：B10.---I'msorry,

Ishouldn'thavebeensorudetoyou.----You___________yourtemperbutthat'sOKA．didlose

B.havelost

C.hadlost

D.werelosing参考答案：A11.Notdrinkingenoughwater______leadtoheadacheandpoorphysicalperformance．（）A．can B．must C．should D．need参考答案：A"can"能够，可能，有时会；"must"必须，肯定，偏偏；"should"应该，竟然；"need"需要．根据句意，没有喝足够的水"可能"会导致头疼和较差的体能表现．表示可能性的推测，故选A．12.Idon’tlike____youspeaktoher.A.theway

B.thewayinthat

C.thewaywhich

D.thewayofwhich参考答案：A13.Theview_____manystudentsholdis_____toomuchhomeworkisarrangedbytheirteachers.A.which;which

B.that;that

C.that;which

D.what;that参考答案：B8.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.InMrs.Green’shouse.

B.OutsideMrs.Green’shouse.

C.Onaladder.参考答案：B15.---Areyounearlythrough?

---______,I’veonlyjustbegun.

A.Asaresult

B.Onthecontrary C.Inaword D.inthemeanwhile参考答案：

14.B．Onthecontrary意为“恰恰相反”。

16.—Helen,willyoucometothepartytonight?

—Yes,butIreally

asIhavesomuchhomeworktodoandtherewillbeanexamnextweek.

A.shouldn’t

B.mustn’t

C.can’t

D.won’t

参考答案：A二、新的题型17.Itwas1978，Iwas10yearsoldandlivedinCalcutta,acityofEastIndiawithmyfamily.Icouldnotforget

61

yearasthiscityfacedadisaster.AheavyfloodinGangersriverpreventedthepeople

62

(live)thenormalcitylife.Atthattime,ourschoolremainedclosed.OneofschoolfriendsSandhyausedtostayinSubhasNagar,

63

wassituatedinalittle

64

(low)areaacrosstherailwayline.Thearea65(cover)withwater,justthenmyfriend’sgrandfatherbecamesick.Theoutercityconnectionwiththisareawascut

66

,somyfriend’sfathercrossedthewaterypathwiththehelpofbamboobasedboatinordertocalladoctor.Goingouttoattendhospital

67

(be)impossiblefortheagedgrandfather,becauseitrainedheavilyand

68

(end),andnodoctordaredtovisittheareaatthatmoment.Finallymyfriend’sfatherbuiltatenttypedshadeontheboatand

69(take)myfriend’sgrandfathertothehospital.Ifwearedeterminedandhavegreatconfidenceinour

70

（able）,wecanovercomeanyobstacletoreachourgoals.参考答案：61.the

62.living

63.which

64.lower

65.wascovered66.off

67.was

68.endlessly

69.took

70.abilities三、阅读理解18.Ithasbeendiscoveredthataftertheageofsixteen,thenumberofourbraincellsbeginstodecreaseataspeedofseveralmillionayear.Theysimplydieoff.Incertaintypesofactivity,thehumanbrainisatitshighestpointintheearlytwenties,whenithascollectedenoughinformationtobeabletousethevastnumberofcellsfreelyinthemosteffectiveway.Puremathematicsisoneofthefieldsinwhichthishappens,andweknowthatAlbertEinsteinmadeallhisworld-shakingdiscoveriesbetweentheageofabout20and25,andspenttherestofhislifetidyingthemupandarrangingthem.Butincertainothertypesofactivity(ofwhichbeinganauthorisperhapsone),experienceismoreimportantthansharpnessofbrain,andthereoneusuallyfindsthatapersonreacheshisorherpeakmuchlaterinlife.Besidessharpnessofbrainandexperience,hereisanotherthingthatisveryimportant,andthatiswisdom.Onecanhaveaveryquick,inventivebrainandplentyofexperience,butifoneusesthesefoolishly,oneharmsbothoneselfandothers.Wisdomdoesnotalwayscomewithage——thereareplentyoffoolishmiddle-agedpeopleabout——buttheaveragepersontendstolearnwisdomashegetsolder,usuallybymakingpainfulofembarrassingmistakes.Leaningtobewiseisbasicallylearningwhatisnotpossible；andwhatispossiblebutsodifficultthatitisnotworthallthetroubleonehastogothroughtogetthere.Mostly,itislearningabouthumannature；howrealpeoplebehaveandreact,asagainsthowonewouldlikethemtobehaveandreact.Onecanreadandhearlotofidealisticstuffabouthowtomaketheworldabetterplace,whichwouldbefoundifitwasbasedonanaccurateobservationofhumannature,butwhichisbasicallyawasteoftimebecauseitisnot.12.Accordingtothewriter,thegreatdiscoveriesmadebyAlbertEinsteinweremainlyaresultin

.A.yearsofhardwork B.sharpnessofthebrainC.richexperience D.hisdeepunderstandingofthenature13.Somepeopleachievesuccessmuchlaterinlifebecause.A.theirworkoftenrequiresmuchexperienceB.theydonothaveachancetoshowtheirtalentsC.theyhavetolearnlessonsfromfailuresD.theyfailtorealizeearliertheimportanceofhardwork14.Theimportanceofwisdomliesinthefactthat.A.ithelpstoavoidvariousmistakesB.itcontributestoone'screativityC.itencouragesonetogoforwardinfaceofdifficultyD.itprovidestherightdirectionofefforts15.Thewritercametobelievethat.A.itisalwaysawasteoftimetomakeplansaboutthefutureB.itishumannaturetomakeattemptsonwhatlooksimpossibleC.oneshouldalwayschallengetheimpossibletopushthesocietyforwardD.onehastousewisdomindecidingwhatisthebestthingtodo参考答案：12.B

13.A

14.D

15.D本文为说明文。本篇文章主要说明了人类的大脑在20岁左右于巅峰，在以后的成就多数是因为需要丰富的经验。除了头脑敏锐和经验丰富外，智慧也非常重要，因为智慧为人们提供了正确的努力方向。人们要用智慧来决定做什么才是最好的。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Ithasbeendiscoveredthataftertheageofsixteen,thenumberofourbraincellsbeginstodecreaseataspeedofseveralmillionayear.Theysimplydieoff.Incertaintypesofactivity,thehumanbrainisatitshighestpointintheearlytwenties,...andweknowthatAlbertEinsteinmadeallhisworld-shakingdiscoveriesbetweentheageofabout20and25,andspenttherestofhislifetidyingthemupandarrangingthem.”人们发现，16岁以后，我们的脑细胞数量开始以每年几百万的速度减少。在某些类型的活动中，人类的大脑在20岁早期处于巅峰状态,...我们知道阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦在20到25岁之间做出了所有震惊世界的发现。用余生来整理和安排这些发现。根据对爱因斯坦所的发现可知，他的伟大的发现是在20-25岁之间，更是印证了人类大脑在20年代初达到了巅峰（thehumanbrainisatitshighestpoint），由此可推断出，本段主要研究人类大脑巅峰期（大脑的最敏锐）B项中的sharpnessofthebrain（大脑最敏锐）与（thehumanbrainisatitshighestpoint）是同义词的关系，故B。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Butincertainothertypesofactivity(ofwhichbeinganauthorisperhapsone),experienceismoreimportantthansharpnessofbrain,andthereoneusuallyfindsthatapersonreacheshisorherpeakmuchlaterinlife.”但在某些其他类型活动中(作家可能是其中一种)，经验比头脑的敏捷更重要，人们通常会发现一个人在他一生的晚期才达到顶峰。由此可推断出有些人在晚年取得成功是因为他们的工作中往往需要很多经验。分析选项可知A符合题意，故选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。第三段“Besidessharpnessofbrainandexperience,hereisanotherthingthatisveryimportant,andthatiswisdom....Leaningtobewiseisbasicallylearningwhatisnotpossible；andwhatispossiblebutsodifficultthatitisnotworthallthetroubleonehasto