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GATE功能介绍鲁廷明 2009年6月9日2目录概览功能介绍本次研究的不足之处概览(1)GATE
is
a
General
Architecture
for
Text
EngineeringDeveloped
by
the
Natural
Language
Processing
Research
Groupwithin
the
Department
of
Computer
Science
at
the
UniversityofSheffield概览(2)Language
Resources
(LRs)refers
to
data-only
resources
such
as
document,
corpus.Processing
Resources
(PRs)refers
to
resources
whose
character
is
principally
programmatic
oralgorithmic,
such
as
tokeniser,
POS
tagger.Applicationsmodel
a
control
strategy
for
the
execution
ofPRs.There
are
two
main
types
of
pipeline:Simple
pipelinesCorpus
pipelines概览(4)documentannottationSetannotationTypefeature功能介绍Tokeniser分功能,每个Token注包括的属性有:kind:
Word,
Number,
Symbol,
Punctuation,
SpaceTokenorth:
upperInitial,
allCaps,
lowerCase,
mixedCaps
lengthstringSentence
Spliter实现分句功能功能介绍Gazetteer辞典lists.def
内容包括country.lst:location:countrycountry.lst
内容包括ChinaChineChypreColombiaColombie功能介绍Part
of
Speech
Tagger词性标注也有标注错误的:I
will
study
hard
this
year.JJ(adjective,应当为RB
adverb)功能介绍Semantic
Tagger就是NE
Transducer,命名实体识别Orthographic
Coreference
(Orthomatcher)The
Orthomatcher
module
adds
identity
relations
between
namedentities
found
by
the
semantic
tagger,
in
order
to
performcoreference.Pronominal
Coreference将人名、代系起来,比如:John
Smith…he…him…John…he…功能介绍Document
ResetRemove
all
the
annotation
sets
and
their
contents,
apart
fromtheone
containing
the
document
format
analysis
(Original
Markups).功能介绍Verb
Group
ChunkerThe
rules
cover
finite
('is
investigating'),
non-finite
('toinvestigate'),
participles
('investigated'),
and
special
verbconstructs
('is
going
to
investigate').Noun
Phrase
ChunkerMarking
noun
phrases
in
text.功能介绍OntoText
Gazetteer与ANNIE
Gazetteer
结果相似,但是算法不同。Flexible
GazetteerThe
Flexible
Gazetteer
provides
users
with
the
exibility
to
choosetheir
own
customized
input
and
an
external
Gazetteer.Gazetteer
List
Collector指定标注类型的实体插入到指定Gazetteer的相应list中并生成统计文件(实体名$次数)功能介绍Tree
TaggerThe
TreeTagger
is
a
language-independent
part-of-speechtagger.The
TreeTagger
is
a
tool
for
annotating
text
with
part-of-speech
andlemma
information.
It
was
developed
by
Helmut
Schmid
in
the
TC
projectat
the
Institute
for
Computational
Linguistics
of
the
University
ofStuttgart.
The
TreeTagger
has
been
successfully
used
to
tag
German,English,
French,
Italian,
Dutch,
Spanish,
Bulgarian,
Russian,
Greek,Portuguese,
Chinese
and
old
French
texts
and
is
adaptable
to
otherlanguages
if
a
lexicon
and
a
manually
tagged
training
corpusareavailable.分析英语文件成功cd\treetagger\bintag-english.bat
news1.txt但是未能集成到GATE中功能介绍StemmerEach
Token
is
annotated
with
a
new
feature
"stem",
with
thestem
for
that
word
as
its
value.GATE
Morphological
AnalyzerConsidering
one
token
and
its
part
of
speech
tag,
one
at
a
time,
itidentifes
its
lemma
and
an
affix.
These
values
are
than
added
asfeatures
on
the
Token
annotation.MiniPar
ParserIt
takes
one
sentence
as
an
input
and
determines
the
dependencyrelationships
between
the
words
of
a
sentence.功能介绍RASP
ParserRASP
(Robust
Accurate
Statistical
Parsing)
is
a
robust
parsing
system
for
English.包括以下四个PR:RASP2
TokenizerRASP2
POS
TaggerRASP2
Morphological
AnalyserRASP2
Parser:
creates
multiple
dependency
annotations
to
represent
a
parse
of
each
sentence.RASP
is
only
supported
for
Linux
operating
systems.SUPPLE
ParserSUPPLE
is
a
bottom-up
parser
that
constructs
syntax
trees
and
logical
forms
for
Englishsentences.Need
a
Prolog
interpreter.Stanford
Parser功能介绍Montre
alTra
nsduce
rManyofthekeyfeaturesintroducedintheMontrealTransducer(MT)havenowbeenportedinsomeformintothestandardJAPEtransducer.ThestandardJAPEtransducerislikelytobemorestableandbugswillbexedmorerapidlythanwiththeMT.与standardJAPEtransducer类似,未研究。功能介绍ChinesePl
uginTheChineseplugincontainsasimpleapplicationforChineseNErecognition(chinese.gapp).功能介绍Chem
is
tr
yTaggerThisGATEmoduleisdesignedtotaganumberofchemistryitemsinrunningtext.Currentlythetaggertagscompoundformulas(e.g.SO2,H2O,H2SO4...)ions(e.g.Fe3+,Cl-)andelementnamesandsymbols(e.g.SodiumandNa).Limitedsupportforcompoundnamesisalsoprovided(e.g.sulphurdioxide)butonlywhenfollowedbyacompoundformula(inparenthesisorcommas).功能介绍FlexibleE
xporter可以指定一个标注集的若干标注类型,输出带这些标注的文档到文件,并可以改变输出文件中标注类型的名称。An
no
ta
tion
SetTransfer将一种标注集中的一部分标注转移(或拷贝)到另一个标注集中(然后将这个部分的标注集可以作为其他PRs的输入,再处理)。Forexample,wemightwishtoperformnamedentityrecognitiononthebodyofanHTMLtext,butnotontheheaders.Aftertokenisingandperforminggazetteerlookuponthewholetext,wewouldusetheAnnotationSetTransfertotransferthoseannotations(createdbythetokeniserandgazetteer)intoanew决道an肌not饰at纺i困ons闲e炎t,鉴猜and跟t肚h腔enr坦要unt片保her收e艳ma队in率i爪ngN获E马r括es城ou商rc脖e暂s,s要血uch稼a海st港映hes孟e司m慢ant披ic腿t年a仰gge卧ra铺透ndcor秆ef抗er肤e恒nce驻mo我dul迎es食,o楚n薪珠功能介绍Inform
at
ion
Re
trieva
linG
AT
EThecurrentimplementationisbasedonthemostpopularopensourcefull-textsearchengine–Lucene.CrawlerThecrawlerpluginenablesGATEtobeusedforacorpusthatisbuiltusingawebcrawl.ThecrawleritselfisWebsphinx.ThisisaJAVAbasedmulti-threadedwebcrawlerthatcanbecustomizedforanyapplication.功能介绍GooglePluginThispluginallowstheusertoqueryGoogleandbuildthedocumentcorpusthatcontainsthesearchresultsreturnedbyGoogleforthequery.YahooPluginThispluginallowstheusertoqueryYahooandbuildthedocumentcorpusthatcontainsthesearchresultsreturnedbyYahooforthequery.功能介绍WordNetinGATE执行出错。MachineLearningi
nGATEMinorThirdMI
AKT
NLGLexico
n尚不明白用在何处。Ont野o撤Ro元otGa缩慧zet鼠t汁eer亩功能介绍Kea-Au
to
ma
ticKeyphraseDete
ctio
nKeaisatoolforautomaticdetectionofkeyphrases.先训练得到模型,然后可以应用。OntotextJapeCCompilerJapecisanalternativeimplementationoftheJAPElanguagewhichworksbycompilingJAPEgrammarsintoJavacode.Comparedtothestandardimplementation,thesecompiledgrammarscanbeseveraltimesfastertorun.功能介绍ANNICANNIC(ANNotation
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