2022-2023学年湖北省云学新高考联盟学校高二下学期期中联考英语试题（原卷版+解析版含听力音频和听力原文）

第第页2022-2023学年湖北省云学新高考联盟学校高二下学期期中联考英语试题（原卷版+解析版，含听力音频和听力原文）2023年湖北云学新高考联盟学校高二年级4月期中联考

英语试卷

考试时间：2023年4月11日8:00～10:00

时长：120分钟满分：150分

注意事项：

1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。

2.选择题的作答:每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

3.非选择题的作答:用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

4.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并上交。

第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt

A.19.15.B.9.18.C.9.15.

答案是C.

1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Whatwillthemanprobablydofirst

A.Visithisgrandma.B.Buysomefood.C.Answerthephone.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】W:I’vebeentryingtogetholdofGrandmaallday,butIhaven’tgotanyreply.Nick,canyougoandseeifGrandmaishome

M:OK,Mom.IthappensthatI’dliketogetsomesandwichesonthewayback.

2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Wherearethespeakers

A.Inthestreet.B.Inastore.C.Inabank.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】M:Linda!Whatasurprise!WhatareyoudoinghereinManchester

W:Hi,Bill.Gladtoseeyou!Ijustgotanewjobinfinancehere,soI’mshoppingforatwo-piecesuit...Hey,whatdoyouthinkofthisone

3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Whatisthemandoing

A.Offeringasolution.B.Makingacomplaint.C.Askingforhelp.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】M:Idon’tseewhythishastobecomeabigthing.Ourideasaren’tthatdifferent.I’msureifwehaveareasonablechataboutthesituation,wecansortthingsout.

W:Iagree.Itmakesnosensetokeeparguing.

4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Whydoesthewomandogardening

A.Tosavemoney.B.Towinaprize.C.Topassthetime.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】W:Gardeningisagoodwayofpassingthetime.Itallowsmetodosomethingdifferentfrommyofficework.

M:That’snice.Forme,itprovidesvegetablesforfamilyuse.Ievenwonaprizeformyhome-grownvegetablesonce.

5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout

A.Ariver.B.Asport.C.Anaccident.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】W:WhenIwaswalkingbytheseasideyesterday,Isawaboatbeingthrownaboutbyhugewaves.M:Whathappenednext

W:Itookoutmyphoneandcalledtherescueservicesimmediately.Luckily,themanwasrescuedsuccessfully.

第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白，选出最佳选项。

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers

A.Classmates.B.Familymembers.C.Colleagues.

7.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo

A.Paythebills.B.Trythechocolatechips.C.Getthedairyingredients.

【答案】6.B7.C

【解析】

【原文】W:Hey,Mark.Takealookatthosedesserts.They’refantastic!HowaboutbakingacakewhenwegethomeLittleSallywillbegladwhenshereturnsfromschool.

M:Goodidea!We’dbettergetsomeingredientshere:flour,sugar,milkandbutter.Oh,wealsoneedsomeeggsandchocolatechips.

W:Okay,howaboutyoucollectthedairyingredientsThey’reintherefrigeratedsection.I’llgoandgettheotheringredients.

M:Great!Let’smeetatthecheckout.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

8.WhatdoesMr.Johnsonwantthewomantodotomorrow

A.Gofishing.B.Attendanexhibition.C.Translateareport.

9.Whendoesthewomanneedtosubmitherreport

A.OnFriday.B.OnSaturday.C.OnSunday.

【答案】8.B9.C

【解析】

【原文】M:Jane,youmissedMr.Johnson’scall

W:OhDad…Iwasjustwritingmybiologyreportandheardnothing.

M:Well,hereachedmeandaskedwhetheryou’dliketogototheFishExhibitioninQingdaotomorrow.Hewantedyoutoaccompanyhimandtranslateforoneofhisfriends.

W:I’dreallyliketodothat,butIhavetohandinmyreportthedayaftertomorrowandit’salreadyFriday.I’llbeverybusytomorrow,soIcan’treallygothere.

M:YoushouldcallMr.Johnsonbackandexplainyoursituation.I’msurehe’llunderstand.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

10.Whichequipmentisthemostimportanttotheman

A.Aspecially-madecamera.

B.Agreatpairofbinoculars.

C.Apairofqualitywalkingboots.

11.Whatdidthewomanthinkofthewildlifeexhibition

A.Itwasaverage.B.Itwasterrible.C.Itwasexcellent.

12.Whatwillthewomandonext

A.Takeaclass.B.Havesomecoffee.C.Makeaphonecall.

【答案】10.B11.C12.A

【解析】

【原文】W:Sam,whatparticularequipmentshouldIgetifIwanttobeanaturalistlikeyou

M:Mostpeoplewouldthinkit’saprofessionalcameraoragoodpairofwalkingboots,butwhatIcan’tdowithoutaremybinoculars,becauseyouneedtoseefarinthewild.Sogetatop-qualityone.

W:Okay,buthowcanyoutakegreatphotoswithanaveragecameraI’vebeentoyourlatestwildlifeexhibition.

Allofyourpictureslooked,youknow,very“expensive”.

M:Aha,theydidtakealotofeffort.Butwhatreallymadethem“expensive”wasthetimeIspenttrackingthoseanimalsandcatchingpreciousmoments,notthecamera.

W:Sothekeyliesinyou.

M:Correct.

W:Hmm,Sam,I’vegotaclassinfiveminutes.Doyouthinkyou’llhavetimelateratnoonWecantalkoveracupofcoffee.

M:Ofcourse

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

13.Whatisthemandoing

A.Chairingaclubmeeting.

B.HostingaTVprogram.

C.Conductingajobinterview.

14.WhatinspiredthewomantowriteTheEpic

A.Aneditor’sadvice.B.TheSongofMusic.C.AcopyofOdyssey.

15Whatdoesthewomandotorelaxeveryday

A.Sheridesabicycle.B.Shedrinkssometea.C.Shewalksinherbackyard.

16.WhatisTheUpperWorldmainlyabout

A.Greekhistory.B.Climatechange.C.Socialproblems.

【答案】13.A14.C15.C16.B

【解析】

【原文】M:OurclubpickforthismonthisTheEpicfromSarahBrown,andintoday’ssessionwe’rehonoredtohaveSarahwithus.Welcome,Sarah!

W:Thankyou,Tony!

M:Okay,thefirstquestionfromourclubmembersis—whatmadeyouwriteTheEpic

W:Well,IhadjustsentinthefinaleditsforTheSongofMusicthenandmyeditoraskedwhatwasnext.Honestly,Ihadbeensofocusedonfinishingthelastonethatithadn’toccurredtomewhatwasgoingtocomenext.ButwhenIcaughtsightofacopyofOdyssey,IknewimmediatelywhatIwantedtowritenext.

M:Second,whendoyouwriteeachday

W:Istartwritingaround9amandgountil2pm,whichisusuallywhenmyinspirationdriesup.ThenIgotolunch,takeawalkinmybackyardandgoonwithmywriting.Iusedtogocyclinginthegym,butittooktoomuchenergy.

M:Nextone,whatisyourfavoritebook

W:TheUpperWorld.Ithinkthereisnomoreurgentchallengefacingusthantheclimatecrisis.Thisbookbringsclearlyhomewhatisatriskand…

听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

17.Whatdidthespeakerusetopullthingsduringthetrip

A.Dogs.B.Kites.C.Boats.

18.Howdidthespeakerbecomeinterestedinadventurousactivities

A.Throughgoingboating.

B.Throughtakingswimmingcourses.

C.Throughreadingaboutfamousexplorers.

19.Whoisthespeaker’sfavoriteexplorerprobably

A.RichardWeber.B.MishaMalakhov.C.FridtjofNansen.

20.Whatdoesthespeakerthinkisthefirstrequirementforallexplorers

ATopphysicalcondition.

B.Strongcontroloftheirminds.

C.Avastknowledgeofmanyfields

【答案】17.B18.A19.C20.B

【解析】

【原文】LastyearwewentonanunsupportedtriptotheNorthPole.By“unsupported”Imeanthatwepulledeverythingwithoutthehelpofanycars,boatsordogs.Theonlyhelpthatwehadwasfromkites.Theypulledusandourthingsalongasweskied.I’vealwaysbeenverysportyandlovedswimmingevenbeforeIcouldwalk.ItwasataboutagefifteenthatIbecamekeenonadventurousactivities.AtthetimeIdiscoveredIenjoyedboatingverymuch.ThathelpedmetakesomeamazingtripsandIhaven’tlookedbacksince.Ilovereadingaboutfamousexplorers.RichardWeber,MishaMalakhov,andFridtjofNansenwereallonmyreadinglist.However,ifIweretonameahero,itwouldbeNansen,theNorwegianexplorer.Hewasalsogoodatscienceandpolitics.Allinall,averyremarkableman.ReadingNansen’sbiographytaughtmethatthekeythingallexplorersneedistheabilitytokeeptheirmindsundercontrol.Iftheycan’tmanagethat,theywon’tsucceedeveniftheirbodiesareintopphysicalcondition.

第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

TheOldestCookbooksfromLibrariesAroundtheWorld

Librodeartecoquinaria

TheLibraryofCongress

The15th-centuryLibrodeartecoquinaria,orTheArtofCooking,istheworkofMaestroMartinodaComo.Martinowasknownforcookingforhisemployer.Alongtheway,heachievedfameas“theprinceofcooks.”Martino’sworkissignificantforanotherreasontoo.Inthe15thcentury,hisrecipesmadeupamajorpartoftheworld’sfirstprintedcookbook,Platina’sDehonestavoluptateetvaletudine.

ShanjiaQinggong

TheHarvard-YenchingLibrary

Harvard-Yenchingownsa17th-centurycopyoftheSimpleOfferingsofRuralHouseholds(ShanjiaQinggong).Containingover100recipes,SimpleOfferingsisprobablytheearliestsurvivingcookbookinChinese.Theauthor,LinHong,wasamanofletterswholivedintheSouthernSongDynasty.Linevidentlypreferredvegetarianfoods,asmostofhisrecipeswereplant-based.

WushiZhongkuilu

TheHarvard-YenchingLibrary

Harvard-Yenchingisalsohometoa17th-centurycopyoftheCookingManualofMadameWu(WushiZhongkuilu),oneoftwosurvivingcookbooksbyaChinesewomanbeforethe20thcentury.Unfortunately,fewofMadameWu’spersonaldetailsareknown.ScholarsguessthatshelivedinthelargerShanghairegionduringtheSouthernSongDynasty.MadameWuapparentlyhadaweaknessforsweets,asshedevotedafullchapterofhercookbookjusttodesserts.

CompleteKitchenandCellarDictionaryTheOsloPublicLibrary

TheOsloPublicLibrary,knownastheDeichmanLibrary,hasa1716copyoftheCompleteKitchenandCellarDictionary,writtenbytheGermanwriterPaulJacobMarperger.ItbelongedtoaNorwegianlawyernamedJohanFredrikBartholin,whodonatedittothecityofChristiania(theformernameforOslo)in1784.ThebookhasbeenintheDeichmancollectionsinceitopenedin1785.

21.Whogreatlycontributedtotheworld’sfirstprintedcookbook

A.LinHong.B.PaulJacobMarperger.

C.MaestroMartinodaComo.D.MadameWu.

22.WhatsimilaritydothetwoChinesecookbooksshare

A.Theirauthorswereamanofletters.

B.Theyfocusedonplant-basedrecipes.

C.TheircopiesfirstappearedinShanghai.

D.TheywerewrittenintheSouthernSongDynasty.

23.WhichofthefollowingisintheDeichmancollection

A.ShanjiaQinggong.B.WushiZhongkuilu.

C.Librodeartecoquinaria.D.CompleteKitchenandCellarDictionary.

【答案】21.C22.D23.D

【解析】

【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章介绍了在世界各地图书馆里收藏的四本最古老的食谱。

【21题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章Librodeartecoquinaria中的“Martino’sworkissignificantforanotherreasontoo.Inthe15thcentury,hisrecipesmadeupamajorpartoftheworld’sfirstprintedcookbook,Platina’sDehonestavoluptateetvaletudine.”(马蒂诺的研究之所以重要，还有另一个原因。在15世纪，他的食谱构成了世界上第一本印刷烹饪书——普拉蒂娜的《诚实的情人节》(Dehonestavoluptateetvaletudine)的大部分。)可知，MaestroMartinodaComo对于世界上第一本印刷书作出巨大贡献。故选C。

【22题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章ShanjiaQinggong部分中的“Theauthor,LinHong,wasamanofletterswholivedintheSouthernSongDynasty.”(林洪是南宋时期的一位文学家。)；WushiZhongkuilu部分中的“ScholarsguessthatshelivedinthelargerShanghairegionduringtheSouthernSongDynasty.”(学者们猜测她生活在南宋时期的上海地区。)可知，这两本中国食谱都写于南宋时期。故选D。

【23题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章CompleteKitchenandCellarDictionary部分中的“ThebookhasbeenintheDeichmancollectionsinceitin1785.”(这本书自1785年以来一直在戴克曼的收藏中。)可知，CompleteKitchenandCellarDictionary来自于戴克曼的收藏。故选D。

B

SashaMasakowskiremembersbeingsixyearsold,seatedatthepianonexttoherfather—thewell-knownjazzguitarist,SteveMasakowski.

“He’dplayharmoniesinthebackgroundontheguitar,andhe’dencouragemetoimprovise(即兴演奏),”Sasharecalls.“He’dtellmetoplaysomethingusingjustthewhitekeysorjusttheblackkeys,andI’dmakeupmusic.”ShesaysshewasalittlecomposerplayingalongwithherdadintheirNewOrleanshome.“Ilovethosememories,”sheadds.

AsSashagotolder,though,herinterestinjazzbegantoflag.Sashawenttoalocalartshighschoolandfocusedonmusicaltheater.Steveadmitstohopinghisdaughterwoulddevelopaloveforjazz.

Thefather’sexpectationwaseventuallymetwhenthedaughterrediscoveredjazzmusic.Sashasayssheadmiredaguyinthejazzdepartmentuntilthedaytheymet.Thefirstthinghesaidwas,“I’msuchabigfanofyourdad’s!”Shesaystheexperiencehelpedherrealizethatherfatherandhismusicwere,infact,cool.Finally,SashadecidedtostudyjazzinsteadofmusicaltheaterattheUniversityofNewOrleans,whereherfatherheadedtheJazzStudiesProgram.

Now,SashaandSteveloveplayingtogetherandtheytreasurethecommonlanguagejazzgivesthem.Bothcomposemusic,butwhileherfatherismorefocusedontraditionaljazzandteaching,SashalikestoproducemusicwithmoreelectronictrendsthanSteve’s.Despitedifferentinterests,Steve’sprideinhisdaughterisclear.Today,Sashaisknownforhermusicalityandherabilitytoimprovise.“Improvisingscaresalotofsingers,butformeIfeellikealittlecomposeragainatthepianonexttomydad.Iloveitinlargepartbecauseofhim,”Sashasays.

24.WhatdoweknowaboutyoungSasha

A.Shewaswell-knownasajazzguitarist.

B.Shelearnedtocomposewithherfather’sencouragement.

C.Shewasgoodatimprovisingonapiano.

D.Sheperformedwithherfatherworldwide.

25.Whatdoesparagraph4stressaboutSasha

A.Herpreparationforauniversity.

B.Heradmirationforajazzstudent.

CHergoingbacktojazzandherfather.

D.Herstudyingatalocalartshighschool.

26.WhatmakesSashadifferentfromherfather

A.Thestyleofhermusic.

B.Herpreferenceforthepiano.

C.Heropinionaboutimprovising.

D.Theteachingmethodshesticksto.

27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext

A.Loveofmusicleadstoacareerofuncertainty.

B.Jazzdeepensthebondbetweenfatheranddaughter.

C.Adaughterfollowsinherfather’sfootstepsfaithfully.

D.Alargemusicalhouseholdbringsjoytomillionsofpeople.

【答案】24.B25.C26.A27.B

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了爵士乐成为一位父亲与其女儿情感纽带的故事。

【24题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段中的“He’dplayharmoniesinthebackgroundontheguitar,andhe’dencouragemetoimprovise(即兴演奏)(他会用吉他演奏和声，并鼓励我即兴演奏)”和“I’dmakeupmusic(我就编音乐)”以及“Shesaysshewasalittlecomposerplayingalongwithherdad(她说她是一个小作曲家，和她爸爸一起演奏)”可知，Sasha小时候跟着父亲学习作曲。故选B。

【25题详解】

主旨大意题。根据本段首句“Thefather’sexpectationwaseventuallymetwhenthedaughterrediscoveredjazzmusic.(当女儿重新发现爵士乐时，父亲的期望终于实现了)”和尾句“Finally,SashadecidedtostudyjazzinsteadofmusicaltheaterattheUniversityofNewOrleans,whereherfatherheadedtheJazzStudiesProgram.(最后，Sasha决定在新奥尔良大学学习爵士乐，而不是音乐剧，她父亲在那里负责爵士乐研究项目)”可知，本段主要讲述了Sasha回归爵士乐、重回父亲身边的经历。故选C。

【26题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“whileherfatherismorefocusedontraditionaljazzandteaching,SashalikestoproducemusicwithmoreelectronictrendsthanSteve’s(她的父亲更专注于传统爵士乐和教学，而Sasha喜欢制作比Steve更有电子趋势的音乐)”可知，Sasha的音乐风格与父亲的有所不同。故选A。

【27题详解】

主旨大意题。总览全文可知，首先为读者呈现了一幅父亲陪伴女儿学琴的画面，接下来讲述了女儿在父亲的影响下学习爵士乐的经历，最后又将画面拉回到当下：女儿学有所成并且喜欢和父亲一起演奏，爵士乐成为了父女俩的共同语言，所以B项“爵士乐加深了父女之间的感情”作为文章标题最贴切。故选B。

C

Weoftenshareimagesorthoughtsonsocialnetworks.Now,researchersattheUniversitatObertadeCatalunya(UOC)havedevelopedanalgorithm(算法)thatcananalysethecontentpeoplepostonline.

AccordingtoWilliamGlasser’sChoiceTheory,therearefivebasicneeds:Survival,Power,Freedom,BelongingandFun.

“TheseneedsevenhaveaninfluenceontheimageswechoosetouploadtoourInstagrampage,”explainedMohammadMahdiDehshibi,aresearcherattheUOC.

Theresearchteamhasspenttwoyearsworkingonadeep-learningmodelthatidentifiesthefiveneedsdescribedbyGlasser.

Glasser’stheoryarguesthateachchoiceusersmakeonsocialmediadoesnotrespondtojustonebasicneed—themulti-labelapproachofthisstudyhelpstoclearitup.Dehshibiusesanexampletoexplainthis:“Imaginethatacyclistisridingupamountain,andatthetop,hecanchoosebetweensharingaselfie(自拍照)andagroupphoto.Ifhechoosestheselfie,weperceiveaneedforPower,butifhechoosestheotheroption,wecanconcludethatthepersonisnotonlylookingforFunbutalsoawaytosatisfyhisneedforBelonging.”

“Studyingdatafromsocialnetworksthatbelongtonon-English-speakinguserscouldhelpbuildinclusiveanddiversetoolsandmodelsforaddressingmentalhealthproblemsinpeoplewithdiverseculturalbackgrounds,”Dehshibiadds.

Theresearchteambelievethattheirstudycanhelpimprovepreventivemeasures,rangingfromidentificationtoimprovedtreatmentwhenapersonhasbeendiagnosedwithamentalhealthdisorder.

Backin2023,UniversityofVermontresearchersdevelopedanartificial-intelligence-basedsystemthatcandetectsignsofanxietyinthespeechpatternsofyoungchildren.Meanwhile,computerscientistsfromtheUniversityofAlberta,Canada,havedevelopedalgorithmsthatcandetectandidentifydepressionthroughpeople’svoices.

28.Whatcanthealgorithmbeusedtodo

A.IntroduceWilliamGlasser’sChoiceTheory.

B.Createdifferentdatabasesfortheresearchteam.

C.Identifyusers’basicneedsfromthecontenttheyshareonline.

D.Givepeopleatooltopostimagesorthoughtsonsocialnetworks.

29.WhatdoestheexampleDehshibiprovidesexplainaboutthealgorithm

A.Howitworks.B.Whyitisuseful.

C.Howitinfluencesusers.D.WhyitrespondstoGlasser’stheory.

30.Whatdoestheresearchteamthinkoftheirstudy

A.Itcansuggestwaystoimprovesocialnetworks.

B.Itisusefulinhandlingmentalhealthproblems.

C.Itishelpfulinchangingonlineusers’badhabits.

D.Itcanlinkpeoplewithdiverseculturalbackgroundstogether.

31.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodointhelastparagraph

A.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.B.Providesomeadviceforthereaders.

C.Addsomebackgroundinformation.D.Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.

【答案】28.C29.A30.B31.C

【解析】

【导语】本文是说明文。研究人员开发了一种算法，可以从用户在社交网络上分享的文本和图像中发现其可能存在的心理健康问题。

【28题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Now,researchersattheUniversitatObertadeCatalunya(UOC)havedevelopedanalgorithmthatcananalysethecontentpeoplepostonline”（现在，加泰罗尼亚Oberta大学(UOC)的研究人员开发了一种算法，可以分析人们在网上发布的内容。）和第四段“Theresearchteamhasspenttwoyearsworkingonadeep-learningmodelthatidentifiesthefiveneedsdescribedbyGlasser”（研究团队花了两年时间研究一个深度学习模型，该模型可以识别格拉瑟描述的五种需求。）可知，研究人员开发的算法利用Glasser描述的五种需求理论，从用户在线分享的内容中识别他们的基本需求。故选C。

【29题详解】

推理判断题。根据第五段中““Imaginethatacyclistisridingupamountain,andatthetop,hecanchoosebetweensharingaselfie(自拍照)andagroupphoto.Ifhechoosestheselfie,weperceiveaneedforPower,butifhechoosestheotheroption,wecanconcludethatthepersonisnotonlylookingforFunbutalsoawaytosatisfyhisneedforBelonging.””（“想象一下，一个骑自行车的人正在爬山，在山顶，他可以选择分享自拍照和合影。如果他选择自拍，我们认为他需要权力，但如果他选择其他选项，我们可以得出结论，这个人不仅是在寻找乐趣，也是在寻找满足归属感需求的一种方式。）可知，Dehshibi通过这个例子形象地说明了他们研发的算法的具体操作方式。故选A。

【30题详解】

推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Theresearchteambelievethattheirstudycanhelpimprovepreventivemeasures,rangingfromidentificationtoimprovedtreatmentwhenapersonhasbeendiagnosedwithamentalhealthdisorder”（研究小组认为，他们的研究可以帮助改善预防措施，从识别到改善治疗，当一个人被诊断患有精神健康障碍时。）可知，研究小组认为，他们的研究可以帮助治疗那些患有心理健康障碍的人。即研究小组认为他们的研究对治疗心理健康问题很有用。故选B。

【31题详解】

推理判断题。最后一段列举了两个例子：在2023年，佛蒙特大学的研究人员就开发了一种基于人工智能的系统，该系统可以发现幼儿言语模式中的焦虑迹象。与此同时，来自加拿大阿尔伯塔大学的计算机科学家开发了一种算法，可以通过人的声音来检测和识别抑郁症。这两个例子与研究人员开发的算法类似，故可推知，最后一段是用来补充说明背景信息的。故选C。

D

Plasticpollutionisagrowingglobalproblem.Simplistic,unhelpfullabellingandlowrecyclingrateseveninthebest-equippedcountriesaremajorbarrierstotacklingthisissue.

Inanewpaper,expertsfromtheUniversityofExeterandtheUniversityofQueenslandsuggestanewinternationallyapplicablelabellingsystemthatmovesthefocusfromrecyclabilitytosustainability.

“Weneedtoempowerconsumerstomakemoresustainablechoices,”saysleadauthorStephenBurrows.Insteadof“yes-no”recyclinglabels,whichareoftenmisleading,asustainabilityscale(等级)couldtakeaccountofrecyclabilityaswellasotherfactorssuchastheenvironmentalcostofproduction,andpotentialhumanhealthrisksfromadditives.

“Requiringpackagingtocarryregion-specificdirectionsfordisposalwouldshiftresponsibilityawayfromconsumersandtowardsregulatorsandplasticproducers.Thisisvitalbecausethemixofplasticproductsisconfusing,andindustrymustberesponsibleforclearinstructionsonhowbesttodisposeofplasticitems.Thesameistrueforthechemicaladditivesfoundinmanyplastics.Requiringproducerstolistalladditiveswouldbeamajorsteptowardsinformingthepublicandhelpingthemmakedecisionsregardingenvironmentalimpactandhumanhealth,”saysBurrows.

Atpresent,about368milliontonnesofplasticisproducedworldwideeachyear.Theresearchersstressthattheirrecommendationsshouldnotdiminishtheurgentneedtouselessplastic—especiallysingle-useitems.

ProfessorTamaraGalloway,fromtheUniversityofExeter,says:“Ourrecommendationsforasustainabilityscalearedesignedtoreducesomeoftheconfusionaroundplasticdisposal.Theultimateaimistoprotecttheenvironmentandhumanhealthfromtheharmfuleffectsofplasticwaste.”

ProfessorKevinThomas,fromtheUniversityofQueensland,says:“Wehopethatourrecommendationsinitiate(发起)areassessmentofplasticlabellingandthatcarryingoutasustainabilityscalewillallowindividualstomakeinformeddecisionsonhowtheyuseplastics.”

32.Whatareplasticproducersrequiredtodo

A.Showconsumersplasticadditivecontent.

B.Maketheirplasticpackagingattractive.

C.Remindconsumerstoassesshealthrisks.

D.Offerspecificinstructionsforregulators.

33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“diminish”inparagraph5mean

A.Create.B.Lessen.C.Demonstrate.D.Acknowledge.

34.WhatdoGallowayandThomassayabouttheirrecommendations

A.Theyinstructindividualstogetridofplasticwaste.

B.Theyhelpindividualsreduceharmfuleffectsofplasticwaste.

C.Theyallowindividualstocareabouttheirhealth.

D.Theyencourageindividualstogivetipsonplasticdisposal.

35.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout

A.Thereisaneedfor“yes-no”recyclinglabels.

B.Theconsumersneedtolabeltheirplasticitems.

C.Plasticlabellingneedsasustainabilityscale.

D.Itischallengingtomovefromrecyclabilitytosustainability.

【答案】32.A33.B34.B35.C

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。科学家建议为塑料制品贴上更详尽的标签，助力可持续发展。

【32题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段“Thesameistrueforthechemicaladditivesfoundinmanyplastics.Requiringproducerstolistalladditiveswouldbeamajorsteptowardsinformingthepublicandhelpingthemmakedecisionsregardingenvironmentalimpactandhumanhealth,(在许多塑料中发现的化学添加剂也是如此。要求生产商列出所有添加剂将是告知公众并帮助他们就环境影响和人类健康做出决定的重要一步，)”可知，生产商需要告知公众塑料中的所有添加剂的含量。故选A。

【33题详解】

词句猜测题。根据划线词后的“theurgentneedtouselessplastic—especiallysingle-useitems.(迫切需要减少使用塑料，尤其是一次性物品。)”以及前面提到的内容“Atpresent,about368milliontonsofplasticisproducedworldwideeachyear.(目前，全球每年大约生产3.68亿吨塑料。)”由此可猜测，全球对塑料需求很高，因此研究人员强调，他们的建议不是“降低”少用塑料这一迫切需要，尤其不是降低少用一次性塑料制品这一迫切需要。所以diminish为“降低，减少”之意。故选B。

【34题详解】

推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Ourrecommendationsforasustainabilityscalearedesignedtoreducesomeoftheconfusionaroundplasticdisposal.(我们对可持续性规模的建议旨在减少人们对塑料处理的一些困惑。)”和最后一段中的“ProfessorKevinThomas,fromtheUniversityofQueensland,says:“Wehopethatourrecommendationsinitiate(发起)areassessmentofplasticlabellingandthatcarryingoutasustainabilityscalewillallowindividualstomakeinformeddecisionsonhowtheyuseplastics.”(昆士兰大学的凯文·托马斯教授说:“我们希望我们的建议能启动对塑料标签的重新评估，实施可持续性量表将使个人能够在如何使用塑料方面做出明智的决定。”)”可推断，加洛韦和托马斯帮助个人减少塑料垃圾的有害影响。故选B。

【35题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第二段“Inanewpaper,expertsfromtheUniversityofExeterandtheUniversityofQueenslandsuggestanewinternationallyapplicablelabellingsystemthatmovesthefocusfromrecyclabilitytosustainability.(在一篇新论文中，来自埃克塞特大学和昆士兰大学的专家提出了一种新的国际适用的标签系统，将重点从可回收性转移到可持续性。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了科学家建议为塑料制品贴上更详尽的标签，助力可持续发展。故选C。

第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

HOWTOBESUCCESSFULINANEWENVIRONMENT

Perhaps,youareasmartpersonwithgoodknowledgeandcreativeideas,butwhenyoumovetoanewenvironmentorhavetoworkwithsomenewpeople,itisnotalwayseasyforthemtorecognizeyouorrespectyouimmediately.Howcanyougetalongwithothers____36____

____37____Movingtoanewworkingenvironment,youmayneedtodealwiththingsthatdon’tbelongtoyourownfield.Insuchacase,peoplewhoaremorewillingtolearnnewthingscanbecomemoreflexibleandbeabletomeetnewrequirementsintheirjob.

Haveagoodsenseofjudgementonimportantaspects.Learningorworkinginanewenvironment,youneedtohaveagoodsenseofjudgementwhenjoiningadiscussionormakingadecision.____38____

Beconfidentandmakeeyecontactwhentalkingtopeople.Whenyougooutandmeetpeople,itisimportanttolookconfident.____39____Beforeyouwalkin,thinktoyourself,“Iowntheroom.”Then,walkinholdingyourheadhighandsmile.Remembertolookotherpeopleintheeye—it’sthekeytocreatingaconnectionwithpeople.Soon,youwillfeelasconfidentasyoulook.

Setcleargoalstoaccomplish.____40____Letpeopleknowwhatyoustandfor.Youneedtofindoutwhichideascanreallyunitepeopleandthenexpressthoseideasclearly.Also,treatyourteammembersrespectfullyasequals.

Behelpfultoothers.Whenworking,don’tfocusonwhatisyourworkandwhatisn’t.Afterdoingyourownwork,alwaysbereadytohelpothers.

A.Whenworkingtogetherwithothers,itisimportantthatyouhaveaclearvisionandaworkingplantoachieveit.

B.Youshouldgetonwellwithotherpeople,andbewillingtogivethemahand.

C.Youshouldconsiderwhatisvirtuallyright,andmakethebestchoicesforthefuture.

D.Howcanyoustandoutandgetpromoted

E.Becuriousandbewillingtolearnnewthings,knowledgeandskills.

F.Forexample,ifyouaregoingtoaninterview,butyoudon’tfeelconfident,whatcanyoudo

G.Howcanyougetotherpeopletopayattentiontoyouandrespectyou

【答案】36.G37.E38.C39.F40.A

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了作为刚刚到一个新环境，周围都是新同事的时候，如何获得别人的认可以及如何获得成功。

【36题详解】

根据文章“HOWTOBESUCCESSFULINANEWENVIRONMENT(如何在新环境中获得成功？)”可知，首段是介绍话题，作为引出下文的作用，首段用“How”的问句承上启下——“Howcanyouget