景观格局指数和Fragstats

景观格局指数和Fragstats

LandscapePatternMetricandFragstats以个体为中心多尺度看“景观”

聚集Clumpy分散Dispersed随机Random多样Diverse破碎Fragmented格局-过程

Pattern-Process景观格局指数LandscapeEcologyuses“patternmetrics”toquantifystructure大小SizeArea,perimeter,width,corearea形状ShapeElongated,circular,amountofedge空间配置SpatialconfigurationMeasuringpatternsinthemosaic(patchmetrics)Clustered,dispersedDominance,linkages,isolation,proximity…Fragmentation,isolation,connectivity目标熟悉常用的景观构成指数和空间配置指数学习使用Fragstatst(和ArcGIS)进行空间格局分析景观指数自动计算-以北京为例计算格局指数(patch,class,andlandscape)应用“移动窗口分析”方法计算景观指数景观指数的空间表达景观指数自动计算-以北京为例计算格局指数(patch,class,andlandscape)应用“移动窗口分析”方法计算景观指数景观指数的空间表达景观指数自动计算-以北京为例软件Fragstats3.3ArcGIS9.2(ArcMap、ArcToolbox)Excel（Exceltable+ArcgGIS)数据北京土地覆盖数据Fragstats/landeco/research/fragstats/fragstats.htmlPatch(单个斑块)-Class（斑块类型）-Landscape（整体景观）McGarigal,K.,SACushman,MCNeel,andEEne.PatchNeighborRule

4-cellrule8-cellrule11,Croplandirrigated,true,false12,Croplandnon-irrigated,true,false21,Forestcanopy>30%,true,false22,Shrubland,true,false23,Forestcanopy10-30%,true,false31,Grasslandcover>50%,true,false32,Grasslandcover20-50%,true,false33,Grasslandcover5-20%,true,false42,Lake,true,false43,Resevoir,true,false46,Flooded,true,false51,Urban,true,false52,Ruralsettlement,true,false53,Industry/transportation,true,false61,Desert,true,false62,Gobi,true,false65,Bare,true,false66,Barerock,true,falseClassPropertiesFileClassID,ClassName,Status,IsBackground变量之间“，”号分隔LandscapeMetrics:

ONEmetricpersite(“landscape”)WholelandscapeClassMetrics:

ONEmetricperclassinthemapEachcolorrepresentsseparateclassPatchMetrics:

ONEmetricperpatch(“landscape”)EachpatchmetriccalculatedforeachpatchHELP!景观指数自动计算-以北京为例计算格局指数(patch,class,andlandscape)应用“移动窗口分析”方法计算景观指数景观指数的空间表达a.Movingwindow(notStandard),thatisRound.b.Radius(meters)=800c.UncheckClassMetrics.abc移动窗口分析

MovingWindowAnalysisAcircularorsquaremovingwindowmovesacrosstheinputgridandselectedmetricsarecalculatedforthecentercellofthewindow景观指数自动计算-以北京为例计算格局指数(patch,class,andlandscape)应用“移动窗口分析”方法计算景观指数景观指数的空间表达Excel数据导入Copya:type“1”andcopyb:Selectallthecolumnnsc:pasteOpenIDImage546pactchesDatabasejoinDatabasejoinDisplayPatchmetrics景观指数存在的问题指数之间高度冗余（redundant）指数的尺度敏感性景观格局分析概念上的缺陷格局与过程之间莫须有的关系只量化格局而不考虑过程存在与生态学无关的景观指数近期很多文章讨论这些问题:Wu,J.2004.Effectsofchangingscaleonlandscapepatternanalysis:scalingrelations.LandscapeEcology19:125-138.Li,H.,andJ.Wu.2004.Useandmisuseoflandscapemetrics.LandscapeEcology19:389-399.那么，我需要什么样的指数？这取决于你认为景观的什么特征影响你所关注的物种.大多数景观尺度野生动物研究关心的栖息地数量和空间特征。对面积敏感的内部种（InteriorSpecies）Patcharea(Area)Patchareastandarddeviation(Area_CSD)Classhabitatpercentage(Pland)Classmeanpatcharea(Area_MN)Classpatchareavariation(Area_SD)Classtotalcorearea(TCA)Classcoreareapercentoflandscape(CPLAND)

种群生存力

(ExtinctionandRecolinization)Classhabitatpercentage(PLAND)Classnumberofpatches(NP)Classlargestpatchindex(LPI)Classmeaneuclideannearestneighbordistance(ENN_MN)Classvariationineuclideannearestneighbordistance(ENN_SD)ClassConnectanceIndex(CONNECT)谢谢考试1.模拟两个景观（Early-settlement和Post-settlement）250*250栅格（ArcGis）建立属性数据库类型：Forest，Farmland，Grassland，Urban，Water矢量转栅格（ArcGRID),cellsize=102.用Fragstats计算pathc、Class和Landscae三类指数3.对两期景观指数作图进行初步分析ClassPropertiesFile1,Forest,t,f2,Farmland,t,f3,Grassland,t,f4,Urban,t,f5,Water,t,fCodeClass_NameCode,Class_Name以相对路径形式保存文件制图页面设置插入比例尺、指北针和图例导出图像上交的文件存档形式谢谢Landscapemetrics

quantifythespatialrelationshipsamongpatcheswithinthelandscape

景观构成指数CompositionFractionalCover（类型比例）:whatproportionofthelandscapeisoccupiedbyagivenclassRichness(丰富度):thenumberofclassesEvenness（均匀度）:therelativeabundanc