新教材高中英语UNIT5FIRSTAIDSectionⅡLearningAboutLanguage检测（含解析）新人教版选择性

LearningAboutLanguageⅠ.阅读理解ADoyouknowachildwhohasusedfirstaidtosavealifeorhelpaninjuredperson?St.JohnAmbulanceisseekingyoungpeoplewhohaveactedquickly,calmlyandeffectivelyatarealemergencyforitsannualYoungFirstAideroftheYearawards.Theawardsareopentoallthoseunder18,andtheclosingdatefornomination(提名)is30April2020.ThewinnerswillbeinvitedtoattendaspecialceremonyinJune2020.“St.JohnAmbulancebelievesitisessentialforyoungpeopletolearnfirstaidsothattheycanhelpanyonewhoisinjured，”saidSandraStocker,directorofSt.JohnAmbulanceAwardsCommittee.“TheYoungFirstAideroftheYearisawonderfulwaytocelebratetheirbraveryandquick­thinking.”NominationfortheYoungFirstAideroftheYearisnowopen.Pleasecompleteandreturnthenominationformsassoonaspossibleandcertainlynolaterthan30April2020.ThecommitteewilldecidewhichofthenomineeswillreceivetheYoungFirstAideroftheYearawardsbyconsideringtheactionsofthenomineesalongwiththeiragesandotherfactors.Youshouldsendanyevidenceyouhavewiththenominationform,showingthenominees'actions.Examplesofevidencecouldinclude：◆Newspaperclippings(剪报)oftheincident.◆Policeincidentrecordnumbers.Onceanominationformisreceived,thenomineeornominatormaybeapproachedforfurtherdetailsoftheincident.ForfurtherinformationpleasegetintouchwithSandraStockerbyemailoron020­73244082or020­73244083.Findoutwhoourwinnerswillbefor2020.语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了年度年轻急救员奖的提名条件、截止日期等信息。1．Whatdoesthepassageintendtotellthereaders?A．Youngpeopleshouldlearnfirstaidtohelptheinjured.B．Learningfirstaidcanhelpyoungpeoplewinanaward.C．Theinjuredareencouragedtoactquicklyandcalmly.D．St.JohnAmbulancemakesprofitbytrainingfirstaiders.解析：选A写作目的题。根据文章的第一句可看出，作者写这篇文章的目的是强调年轻人应该学一些急救知识来帮助有需要的人。故选A。2．Ifyousuggestsomeonefortheawards,youshould.A．attendtheawardsceremonyB．makeaspeechintroducingyourselfC．providethedetailsoftheincidentD．haveagoodknowledgeaboutfirstaid解析：选C细节理解题。根据第五段中的最后一句可知，如果想要提名某人的话，需要提供这个人实施急救的详细信息，故选C。3．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．DemandforFirstAidersB．ImportanceofFirstAidC．St.JohnAmbulanceAwardsD．YoungFirstAideroftheYear解析：选D标题归纳题。本文鼓励读者们提名年度最佳实施急救的年轻人，同时也呼吁年轻人应该学一些急救知识来帮助有需要的人，故D项最适合作文章题目。BAdrugusedtotreatseverebleedingcouldsavethousandsoflivesformothersgivingbirth.Aglobalstudyofthedrugfounditreducedtheriskofbleedingdeathsduringchildbirthbynearlyone­third.ThestudywascarriedoutbyLondon'sSchoolofHygieneandTropicalMedicine.Thedrugiscalledtranexamicacid(氨甲环酸).Itislow­costandresearcherssaiditdoesnotcauseserioussideeffectsformothersorbabies.ThedrugwasfirstdevelopedbyJapanesescientistsinthe1960s,butnolong­termstudiesofitwerecompleteduntilnow.Thedrugisusedtotreatmothersforseverebleedingduringchildbirth.Postpartumhemorrhage(产后出血)istheleadingcauseofthedeathofpuerperaeworldwide,accordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization.Morethan100，000womendieofpostpartumhemorrhageeachyear.HaleemaShakuristheprojectdirectorforthestudy.“It'soneofthebiggestkillersofmothers.InAfricaandAsia,about10percentofwomenwillendupwithseverebleeding.”Thedrugworksbystoppingbloodclots(血凝块)frombreakingdownafteramothergivesbirth.Thetreatmentcanpreventtheneedfordoctorstoperformsurgerytofindthepointofbleeding.Shakursaidthebestresultswerereportedwhenthedrugwasgiventowomenassoonaspossibleafterchildbirth.“Theearlieryougiveit—sowithinthefirstthreehoursofgivingbirth—thebettertheeffectis.Overallwesawa20percentreductionindeathduetobleeding,whereasinwomenwhoreceivedthetreatmentwithinthefirstthreehours,itwas30percent.”Thenextstepwillbetogetthedrugwhereitisneededandprovidetrainingfordoctorsandnursesonhowtouseit.Duringthestudy,womenweregiventhedruginahospital.Butresearchersarelookingforeasierwaystocontrolthedrugsoitcanbemorewidelyusedinsmallclinicsandruralareas.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种名为氨甲环酸的药物。这种药物有特殊的止血功能，能够有效降低产妇因生产过程中的严重出血而丧命的可能性。4．Whatcanweknowaboutthedrugfromthefirstparagraph?A．Itisnotexpensive.B．Itcanbeusedforbabies.C．Itcausesnosideeffects.D．Itcanavoidbleedingdeathsduringchildbirth.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句Itislow­costandresearcherssaiditdoesnotcauseserioussideeffectsformothersorbabies.可知，这种药物不贵。5．What'sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“puerperae”inParagraph2?A．Womeninchildbirth.B．Womenwhohavebabies.C．Womeninextremedanger.D．Womenwhoarebleedingduringchildbirth.解析：选A词义猜测题。根据画线词上文Thedrugisusedtotreatmothersforseverebleedingduringchildbirth.及下文Morethan100，000womendieofpostpartumhemorrhageeachyear.可知，这种药物被用来治疗分娩过程中严重出血的母亲们。每年有超过10万的女性死于产后出血。由此可猜测，产后出血是导致产妇死亡的主要原因。画线词的含义是“产妇”。6．Itcanbeinferredthatthedrug．A．wasrecentlyinventedbyJapanesescientistsB．helpsdoctorsquicklyfindthebleedingpointC．helpsremovebloodclotsafteramothergivesbirthD．avoidsthenecessityofdoingasurgerytostopbleeding解析：选D细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句Thetreatmentcanpreventtheneedfordoctorstoperformsurgerytofindthepointofbleeding.可知，这种治疗方法(用氨甲环酸治疗)能够防止需要医生做手术寻找出血点的情况。由此可知，这种药物免去了做手术止血的必要。7．Whatwillresearchersprobablydonext?A．Letmorepeopleknowthedrug.B．Teachmedicalworkerstousethedrug.C．Knowhowmuchthedrugisneeded.D．Putthedrugintouseinrealhospitals.解析：选B细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句Thenextstepwillbetogetthedrugwhereitisneededandprovidetrainingfordoctorsandnursesonhowtouseit.可知，下一步将会是把药物应用到需要它的地方，以及培训医生和护士如何使用它。由此可知，研究人员接下来可能要做的是教医护人员使用这种药物。Ⅱ.完形填空Firstaidisemergencycareforavictimofsuddenillnessorinjuryuntilmoreskillfulmedicaltreatmentisavailable.Firstaidmaysavealifeorimprovecertainvitalsignsincludingapulse,temperature,anunobstructed(畅通无阻的)airway,andbreathing.In1emergencies,firstaidmaypreventavictim'sconditionfromworseningandproviderelieffrom2．Firstaidmustbeperformedas3aspossible.Inthecaseofthecriticallyinjured,afewminutescanmakethedifferencebetweencompleterecoveryandlossoflife.First­aidmeasures4avictim'sneedsandtheprovider'slevelofknowledgeandskill.Knowingwhatnottodoinanemergencyisas5asknowingwhattodo.Improperlymovingapersonwithaneckinjury,forexample,can6permanentspinalinjuryandparalysis.Despitethevarietyofpossibleinjuries,severalprinciplesoffirstaid7toallemergencies.Thefirststepistocallforprofessionalmedicalhelp.Thevictim,if8，shouldbereassuredthatmedicalaidhasbeen9，andaskedforpermissiontoprovideanyfirstaid.Next,10thescene,askingotherpeopleortheinjuredperson'sfamilyorfriendsaboutdetailsoftheinjuryorillness,anycarethatmayhavealreadybeen11，andpreexisting(早先存在的)conditionssuchasdiabetesorhearttrouble.Thevictimshouldbe12formedicalbraceletorcardthatdescribesspecialmedicalconditions.Unlesstheaccidentscenebecomesunsafeorthevictimmaysufferfurtherinjury,donot13thevictim.Onceobviousinjurieshavebeenevaluated,theinjuredperson's14shouldbekeptinaneutralpositioninlinewiththebody.Ifno15existstosuggestpotentialskull(颅骨)orspinalinjury,placetheinjuredpersoninacomfortableposition.Positionedononeside,avictimcanvomitwithoutchokingorobstructingtheairway.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了急救的重要性，并详细地介绍了一些急救方面的知识。1．A.minor B．severeC．unique D．certain解析：选A根据空格后面的firstaidmaypreventavictim'sconditionfromworsening可知，急救可以阻止受害者的状况变得更加严重，也与下文Inthecaseofthecriticallyinjured中的critically形成对比，因此此处应该是相对来说受伤不太严重的紧急情况下。2．A.pressure B．painC．guilty D．injury解析：选B由前面的providerelieffrom可知，急救可缓解受伤者的痛苦。3．A.carefully B．correctlyC．mildly D．quickly解析：选D根据下文afewminutescanmakethedifference可知，此处表示急救应该尽快进行。4．A.dependupon B．contributetoC．consistof D．approveof解析：选A根据前面的Firstaidmeasures和后面的avictim'sneedsandtheprovider'slevelofknowledgeandskill可知，急救的措施，取决于受害人的需要和提供急救者的知识技能水平。5．A.temporary B．basicC．important D．fortunate解析：选C结合下文的Improperlymoving...andparalysis.可知，此处表示知道在紧急情况下不该做什么与知道做什么同等重要。6．A.resultfrom B．sufferfromC．takeon D．leadto解析：选D由空格前面的Improperlymovingapersonwithaneckinjury和后面的permanentspinalinjuryandparalysis可知，错误的急救措施会导致永久性的脊椎损伤或者瘫痪。7．A.apply B．referC．turn D．respond解析：选A根据本句句首的Despite和空格前面的severalprinciplesoffirstaid和后面的allemergencies可知，几个急救原则适用于所有的紧急情况。8．A.considerate B．consciousC．painful D．skeptical解析：选B结合语境可知，如果这个受害者还有意识的话，应该让他放心。9．A.needed B．selectedC．requested D．refused解析：选C此处与前面的callforprofessionalmedicalhelp呼应，指告诉他已经请求了医疗救助。10．A.examine B．enjoyC．protect D．judge解析：选D由后面的askingotherpeopleortheinjuredperson'sfamilyorfriendsaboutdetailsoftheinjuryorillness(问问其他人或者受伤人的家人或者朋友关于受伤或患病的详细情况)可知，此处表示要评估现场。11．A.asked B．givenC．limited D．permitted解析：选B由空格前面的anycarethatmayhavealready可知，要了解已经给予的照顾。12．A.recorded B．measuredC．checked D．observed解析：选C结合空格前面的Thevictim和后面的formedicalbraceletorcardthatdescribesspecialmedicalconditions可知，此处表示应该核对受害者的描述特殊医学状况的医疗手镯或者卡片。13．A.move B．saveC．touch D．defend解析：选A此处指除了一些特殊情况外，不要移动受害者。14．A.leg B．headC．arm D．face解析：选B结合后面的bekeptinaneutralpositioninlinewiththebody可知，要使受害者的头部位于中间，和身体保持在一条直线上。15．A.analysis B．explanationC．experience D．evidence解析：选D根据语境可知，此处表示如果没有证据表明(受伤者有)潜在的颅骨或脊椎伤害。Ⅲ.语法填空CPRisaneffectiveformoffirstaid1(give)tothevictimwhoseheartstops.Doingitcanincreasethechanceofthevictim's2(survive).SoknowingCPRcanbeareallifesaver.HowtogiveCPR?Thereare3(simple)threesteps.Firstly,rollthevictimontohisbackanddochestcompression(按压).4thisway,itkeepsbloodflowingtothebrain,heartandotherorgans.Toperformthecompression,placeonehandover5otherandpressfirmlyonthevictim'schestmanytimesinarow,6(push)atleast2inchesdeeponeverycompression.Thenaftercompressions7(complete),checktheairway8(see)whetherthepersonisbreathing.Ifnot,perfor